Psalms 9–10
Psalm 9:1-10:18
Psa.9.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- למנצח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עלמות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לבן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מזמור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לדוד: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.3:1 (verbal): Begins with the superscription 'מזמור לדוד' (A Psalm of David); shares the same Davidic attribution as Ps.9:1.
- Ps.8:1 (structural): Like Ps.9:1, this verse includes a musical direction with 'למנצח' plus a tune-name and the attribution 'מזמור לדוד'—both are liturgical/superscription instructions for performance.
- Ps.23:1 (verbal): Opens with the identical attribution 'מזמור לדוד' (A Psalm of David), linking it to the Davidic collection to which Ps.9 belongs.
- Ps.51:1 (structural): Another psalm that combines a performance heading 'למנצח' (or similar chief-musician rubric) with the Davidic superscription; parallels Ps.9:1 as a liturgical title indicating author and musical direction.
Alternative generated candidates
- To the choirmaster: upon Muth‑labben. A psalm of David.
- To the choirmaster: on the Gittith. A psalm of David.
Psa.9.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אודה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
- אספרה: VERB,qal,impf,1,?,sg
- כל: DET
- נפלאותיך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2ms
Parallels
- Psalm 9:1 (structural): Immediate parallel within the psalm—nearly identical declaration of praise and intent to recount God's wondrous deeds (repetition/parallel phrasing between verses).
- Psalm 111:1 (verbal): Shares the formula 'I will praise/give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart' (very close verbal parallel emphasizing wholehearted praise).
- Psalm 138:1 (verbal): 'I give you thanks, O LORD, with my whole heart'—same expression of wholehearted thanksgiving and public praise before others.
- Psalm 40:5 (verbal): 'Many, O LORD my God, are your wonderful works' echoes the language of 'all your wondrous works' (נפלאותיך), linking the theme of recounting God’s mighty deeds.
- Psalm 145:4 (thematic): 'One generation shall commend your works to another'—thematic parallel in the duty to tell and pass on the memory of God's mighty/wondrous acts.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart; I will recount all your wondrous deeds.
- I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart; I will tell of all your wonders.
Psa.9.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אשמחה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- ואעלצה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- אזמרה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- שמך: NOUN,m,sg,cs,2,m,sg
- עליון: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.7:17 (verbal): Uses nearly identical language — a vow to sing praise to God’s name, calling God the Most High (verbal parallel: “I will sing praise to the name of the LORD, the Most High”).
- Ps.18:49 (verbal): Declares thanksgiving and singing praise to God’s name among the nations—similar formula of rejoicing and singing to the LORD’s name (verbal/thematic echo).
- Ps.35:18 (thematic): Affirms public rejoicing and praise to God (“I will give you thanks in the great congregation; I will praise you among many people”) — same theme of joyful praise and exaltation.
- Ps.148:13 (allusion): Proclaims that God’s name alone is exalted — connects to the phrase “your name is Most High,” emphasizing the exaltation of God’s name reflected in Ps. 9:3.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will be glad and exult in you; I will sing praise to your name, O Most High.
- I will rejoice and be glad in you; I will sing praise to your name, O Most High.
Psa.9.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בשוב: PREP+VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- אויבי: NOUN,m,pl,suff1
- אחור: ADV
- יכשלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ויאבדו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- מפניך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2m
Parallels
- Psalm 18:40 (verbal): Speaks of God causing enemies to turn their backs and be destroyed—close verbal and thematic parallel to enemies stumbling and perishing before the LORD.
- Psalm 68:1-2 (verbal): Calls for God to arise so his enemies are scattered and flee before him—echoes the idea of foes turning back and failing in God's presence.
- Exodus 15:5 (thematic): In the Song of the Sea the waters overwhelm and destroy the enemies of Israel, reflecting the motif of foes perishing before God's power.
- Revelation 6:15-16 (thematic): Kings and the great hide and cry to be hidden from the face of the one on the throne—parallel motif of humanity (and enemies) being undone/humbled before God's presence.
- Psalm 9:5 (structural): Immediate continuation in the same psalm: God rebukes the nations and destroys the wicked, reinforcing the verse's theme of enemies' ruin before God.
Alternative generated candidates
- When my enemies turn back they stumble and perish before you.
- When my foes turned back they stumbled and perished before you.
Psa.9.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- עשית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- משפטי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
- ודיני: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,suff,1
- ישבת: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- לכסא: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cons
- שופט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 9:8 (verbal): Closely parallels the language and theme: God ‘will judge the world in righteousness’ and sits in judgment — same assertion of God’s righteous throne-judgment within the same psalm.
- Psalm 47:8 (verbal): Both verses depict God as enthroned ruler who sits on the throne; connects the image of God’s kingship with his seat of judgment.
- Psalm 89:14 (verbal): Explicitly links the throne with righteousness and justice (‘Righteousness and justice are the foundation of your throne’), echoing Ps 9:5’s verdict of God judging in righteousness.
- Psalm 96:13 (thematic): Speaks of God coming ‘to judge the earth’ and judging ‘with righteousness,’ reinforcing the eschatological/ethical theme of divine, righteous judgment found in Ps 9:5.
- Isaiah 33:22 (thematic): Presents the Lord as judge, lawgiver, and king — a compact statement of the same roles implied by Ps 9:5’s image of God seated on the throne administering righteous justice.
Alternative generated candidates
- For you have executed my justice and my cause; you have seated yourself on the throne as judge of righteousness.
- For you have upheld my cause and judged my right; you sit upon the throne as a righteous judge.
Psa.9.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- גערת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אבדת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3mp
- מחית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
Parallels
- Exodus 17:14 (verbal): God’s command to ‘blot out the remembrance of Amalek’ uses the same language of erasing a name/remembrance as divine judgment in Ps 9:6.
- Deuteronomy 25:19 (verbal): Repeats the injunction to ‘blot out the remembrance of Amalek,’ echoing the motif of God removing a people’s name forever.
- Nahum 1:14 (verbal): Proclaims that a nation’s name ‘shall be no more’ — a close verbal and thematic parallel about God destroying nations and wiping out their name.
- Revelation 3:5 (verbal): Speaks of names being blotted out (from the book of life); serves as a theological corollary/contrast to Ps 9:6’s imagery of God blotting out the wicked’s name.
- Psalm 145:20 (thematic): Summarizes the theme that God preserves the righteous but brings destruction on the wicked, paralleling Ps 9:6’s depiction of divine judgment on evildoers.
Alternative generated candidates
- You rebuked the nations; you destroyed the wicked; you erased their name forever and ever.
- You rebuked the nations; you destroyed the wicked; their name is blotted out forever and ever.
Psa.9.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- האויב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- תמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- חרבות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לנצח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וערים: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- נתשת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- אבד: VERB,qal,infabs
- זכרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,pl
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 83:4-8 (verbal): A communal prayer for God to confound and destroy hostile peoples and wipe out their name—language of enemies perishing and being cut off echoes Ps 9:7's imagery of ruined cities and vanished memory.
- Psalm 37:20 (thematic): Speaks of the wicked perishing and vanishing like smoke; parallels the theme that enemies are consumed and their remembrance is extinguished.
- Nahum 1:8 (thematic): Describes God making a full end of adversaries and cutting off many peoples—comparable theme of decisive, irreversible destruction of foes and their cities.
- Ezekiel 26:21 (verbal): A prophetic oracle against a city (Tyre) promising that it shall be no more—explicit language of city-destruction and obliteration resonates with Ps 9:7.
- Isaiah 26:5-6 (allusion): Pictures God dealing decisively with the proud and making war upon fortified cities, leading to shame and destruction—an analogous motif of enemies being destroyed and their renown lost.
Alternative generated candidates
- The enemy are finished; the cities are laid waste; their memorial is perished— they shall be for ever and ever.
- The enemy are finished; their swords are cut off forever; cities are uprooted— their memory perishes.
Psa.9.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- כונן: VERB,qal,ptc,m,sg
- למשפט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כסאו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 10:16 (verbal): Shares the declaration of God's永 reign—'The Lord is King for ever and ever'—paralleling Ps 9:8's affirmation that Yahweh sits enthroned forever to execute judgment.
- Psalm 97:2 (verbal): Proclaims 'The LORD reigns' and links his reign to righteousness/justice; echoes Ps 9:8's image of a throne established for judgment.
- Psalm 93:1-2 (thematic): Affirms the LORD's eternal kingship and that his throne is established from of old, emphasizing divine majesty and the eternality of his rule as in Ps 9:8.
- Isaiah 33:22 (thematic): Declares Yahweh as Judge, Lawgiver and King—connecting the roles implicit in Ps 9:8's picture of God seated on a throne established for judgment.
- Daniel 7:9-10 (structural): The 'Ancient of Days' scene depicts a throne set and judgment executed with heavenly attendants and books opened; a later, expanded apocalyptic tableau of the throne-of-judgment motif found in Ps 9:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- But the LORD will sit enthroned forever; he has established his throne to judge.
- But the LORD will sit enthroned forever; he has established his throne to judge.
Psa.9.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והוא: CONJ+PRON,3,m,sg
- ישפט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- תבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בצדק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ידין: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לאמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- במישרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 96:13 (verbal): Uses virtually the same wording — God comes to judge the earth/world in righteousness and the peoples with equity; likely a liturgical echo/refrain of Ps 9:9.
- Psalm 98:9 (verbal): Parallels the language about God judging the world with righteousness and governing the peoples with equity; another psalmic reprise of the same judicial motif.
- Acts 17:31 (allusion): Paul declares God 'has fixed a day' to judge the world in righteousness (by Jesus), explicitly echoing the idea and language of divine righteous judgment found in Ps 9:9.
- Isaiah 11:4 (thematic): Speaks of the coming ruler judging with righteousness and equity toward the poor and meek — a prophetic articulation of the same theme of just governance and judgment of nations/peoples.
Alternative generated candidates
- He will judge the world in righteousness; he will govern the peoples with equity.
- He will judge the world in righteousness; he will govern the peoples with equity.
Psa.9.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- משגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לדך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- משגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעתות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בצרה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 46:1 (verbal): Both call God a refuge/strength and emphasize His help in times of trouble ('God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble').
- Nahum 1:7 (verbal): Uses the same idea of God as a stronghold in adversity: 'The LORD is good, a stronghold in the day of trouble.'
- Proverbs 18:10 (thematic): Portrays the LORD's name as a place of safety ('The name of the LORD is a strong tower; the righteous run into it and are safe'), paralleling the refuge/stronghold imagery.
- Psalm 37:39 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD as the stronghold/strength of the righteous in times of trouble, echoing the refuge motif.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is a stronghold for the oppressed, a stronghold in times of trouble.
- The LORD is a stronghold for the oppressed, a refuge in times of trouble.
Psa.9.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבטחו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- יודעי: PART,qal,ptcp,m,pl
- שמך: NOUN,m,sg,cs,2,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- עזבת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- דרשיך: PART,qal,ptcp,m,pl+2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 25:1-2 (thematic): Both express trust in the LORD by those who know or seek him and plead not to be put to shame; theme of trusting God who responds to seekers.
- Psalm 34:22 (verbal): Affirms that the LORD redeems and does not abandon those who trust in him—closely parallels the assurance that God has not forsaken his seekers.
- Deuteronomy 31:6 (verbal): God’s promise ‘do not be afraid… he will not leave you or forsake you’ echoes the Psalm’s claim that the LORD has not abandoned those who seek him.
- Hebrews 13:5 (quotation): New Testament citation of God’s promise ‘I will never leave you nor forsake you,’ reinforcing the Psalm’s assurance that God does not abandon those who trust and seek him.
Alternative generated candidates
- Those who know your name put their trust in you, for you have not forsaken those who seek you, O LORD.
- Those who know your name will trust in you; for you, LORD, have not forsaken those who seek you.
Psa.9.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זמרו: VERB,qal,imp,2,mp
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ישב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ציון: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- הגידו: VERB,hiph,impv,2,m,pl
- בעמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עלילותיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 105:1 (verbal): Shares nearly identical wording calling people to give thanks, call on God's name, and make known his deeds among the nations—same liturgical summons.
- 1 Chronicles 16:8 (quotation): Uses the same formula as Ps 9:12/105:1—'give praise... call upon his name... make known his deeds among the peoples' as part of David's public thanksgiving liturgy.
- Isaiah 12:4 (verbal): Echoes the command to 'give thanks... call upon his name; make known his deeds among the peoples,' reflecting the prophetic use of the cultic/doxological language tied to Zion.
- Psalm 96:3 (thematic): Carries the same theme of proclaiming God's glory and marvelous works to the nations—declaring God's deeds among all peoples.
- Psalm 102:21 (thematic): Speaks of declaring the name and praise of the LORD in Zion/Jerusalem, connecting the locale (Zion) and the mission of public proclamation found in Ps 9:12.
Alternative generated candidates
- Sing praises to the LORD who dwells in Zion; declare among the peoples his deeds.
- Sing praises to the LORD, who sits enthroned in Zion; proclaim among the peoples his deeds.
Psa.9.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- דרש: VERB,qal,ptc,ms,sg
- דמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
- זכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- שכח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- צעקת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- ענוים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 2:24-25 (thematic): God hears the groaning of his oppressed people and 'remembers' them—parallels Psalm’s claim that God has not forgotten the cry of the afflicted and acts on behalf of those wronged.
- Psalm 34:18 (thematic): Both verses stress God's nearness to the brokenhearted and his attentiveness to suffering—an assurance that God hears and cares for the afflicted.
- Proverbs 21:13 (thematic): Contrasts human failure to hear the poor with the Psalm’s assertion that God does not ignore the cry of the afflicted; both center on hearing/responding to cries for justice.
- Isaiah 59:15-16 (allusion): Describes God perceiving injustice and intervening because there was no helper—resonates with the Psalm's theme that God 'remembers' blood and does not forget the cry of the oppressed.
- Luke 18:7 (thematic): Jesus asks whether God will not grant justice to those who cry out—echoing the Psalmic confidence that God hears and responds to the cries of the afflicted.
Alternative generated candidates
- For he who avenges blood remembers them; he does not forget the cry of the afflicted.
- For he who avenges blood remembers them; he does not forget the cry of the afflicted.
Psa.9.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- חננני: VERB,piel,imp,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ראה: VERB,qal,imperat,2,m,sg
- עניי: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss,1,sg
- משנאי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+1cs
- מרוממי: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl+1cs
- משערי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- מות: VERB,qal,infabs
Parallels
- Psalm 116:3-4 (thematic): Speaks of the snares and pangs of Sheol and the psalmist's cry to the LORD for deliverance—parallel imagery and petition to be rescued from death's grip.
- Jonah 2:3,6 (verbal): Jonah describes being shut in 'the belly of Sheol' and cries to God who brings up his life from the pit—uses language of gates/depths of death and God’s rescue, echoing Ps 9:14.
- Psalm 86:13 (thematic): Declares God’s steadfast love and that he has delivered the psalmist from the depths of Sheol—the theme of mercy and rescue from death mirrors Ps 9:14’s petition.
- Psalm 18:4-6 (thematic): Describes being entangled by the cords of death and calling on the LORD who responds to deliver—similar motif of distress before God and deliverance from death.
Alternative generated candidates
- Be gracious to me, O LORD; see my affliction from those who hate me; lift me up from the gates of death,
- Be gracious to me, LORD; see my misery from those who hate me; lift me up from the gates of death.
Psa.9.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- למען: PREP
- אספרה: VERB,qal,impf,1,?,sg
- כל: DET
- תהלתיך: NOUN,f,sg,const+2,m
- בשערי: PREP
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- ציון: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- אגילה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- בישועתך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff2
Parallels
- Psalm 22:22 (verbal): Both verses speak of declaring God's name/praise within the assembly—'in the midst of the congregation I will praise you' closely parallels 'in the gates of the daughter of Zion I will recount all your praises.'
- Psalm 40:9 (verbal): Expresses the same intent to proclaim God's deliverance and salvation publicly: 'I have told of your deliverance in the great congregation,' echoing the psalmist's vow to tell God's praise at Zion's gates.
- Psalm 35:18 (thematic): Both vow public thanksgiving and praise among the people—'I will give you thanks in the great congregation; I will praise you among much people' parallels the commitment to praise at Zion's gates.
- Zephaniah 3:14 (thematic): Calls the 'daughter of Zion' to sing and rejoice: 'Sing aloud, O daughter of Zion... Rejoice and exult with all your heart,' resonating with the psalmist's joy and praise in Zion over God's salvation.
Alternative generated candidates
- that I may recount all your praises in the gates of the daughter of Zion; I will rejoice in your salvation.
- That I may recount all your praise within the gates of the daughter of Zion—I will rejoice in your salvation.
Psa.9.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- טבעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בשחת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- ברשת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- זו: PRON,dem,f,sg
- טמנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- נלכדה: VERB,niphal,perf,3,f,sg
- רגלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 35:8 (quotation): Uses virtually the same imagery/phrasing — the hidden net or pit catches the one who set it, a near-quotation of the motif of enemies trapped by their own devices.
- Psalm 7:15-16 (verbal): Speaks of digging a pit and falling into it; a close verbal and thematic parallel stressing retributive justice—evil returns on the doer.
- Proverbs 26:27 (verbal): Proverbial statement that whoever digs a pit will fall into it (and a stone rolled returns on its rollers), echoing the same principle that one's trap ensnares oneself.
- Job 18:8-9 (allusion): Describes being caught in a net and walking into a snare of one’s own making, a comparable image of downfall by one’s own devices.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nations have sunk into the pit they made; in the net they hid, their own foot is caught.
- The nations sank in the pit they made; in the net they hid— their own foot is trapped.
Psa.9.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נודע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בפעל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כפיו: NOUN,f,pl,poss,3,m
- נוקש: VERB,qal,ptc,ms
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הגיון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- סלה: MISC
Parallels
- Proverbs 1:31 (thematic): Wicked reap the results of their own ways—'they shall eat the fruit of their way' echoes the idea that the wicked are ensnared by their own deeds.
- Proverbs 26:27 (verbal): Uses the image of a pit dug by a man into which he falls—parallels the motif of the wicked being caught by the work of their hands.
- Psalm 7:16 (verbal): Speaks of an evildoer falling into the pit he dug and the harm returning on his own head, closely matching Ps 9:17's theme of self‑inflicted judgment.
- Isaiah 3:11 (thematic): Pronounces woe on the wicked and states that they will receive the reward of their hands—similar emphasis on divine justice returning the outcome of one's own works.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD has made himself known; he has executed judgment— the wicked are snared in the devices of their own hands. Selah.
- The LORD has made himself known; he has executed judgment and shown the work of his hands. Let the counsel of the wicked be struck down. Selah.
Psa.9.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ישובו: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,pl
- רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לשאולה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שכחי: NOUN,m,pl,constr
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Ps.9.17 (structural): Immediate context—same verse cluster about the fate of the wicked and the nations; 9:17–18 form a couplet on the wicked returning to Sheol.
- Ps.55.15 (verbal): Explicitly invokes descent to Sheol for the wicked—'let them go down alive to Sheol' parallels the motif of the wicked returning to Sheol.
- Ps.49.14-15 (thematic): Speaks of the fate of the ungodly and their end in Sheol contrasted with God’s rescue—shares the theme of nations/folks and Sheol as final destiny.
- Ezek.32:21 (thematic): Describes many nations/mighty going down to Sheol together; parallels the image of 'all the nations' and descent into Sheol.
- Deut.32:22 (verbal): Yahweh’s wrath reaches 'to the depths of Sheol'—linguistic and theological parallel linking divine judgment and Sheol as the destination of the wicked.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let the wicked return to Sheol, all the nations that forget God.
- The wicked shall return to Sheol— all the nations that forget God.
Psa.9.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- לנצח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישכח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אביון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תקות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עניים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תאבד: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- לעד: ADV
Parallels
- Ps.10:18 (Heb.) / Ps.9:19 (Eng.) (verbal): Same line appears in the parallel/overlapping psalm unit (different versification): the needy will not be forgotten; the poor's hope endures.
- Ps.146:7-9 (thematic): Affirms that the LORD executes justice for the oppressed, gives to the hungry, and upholds the widow and the destitute—echoing God's care and enduring hope for the poor.
- Ps.72:12-14 (thematic): Speaks of the king delivering the needy and having pity on the poor and oppressed—an enactment of the promise that the poor will not be abandoned.
- Luke 6:20 (thematic): Jesus' beatitude 'Blessed are you who are poor, for yours is the kingdom of God' resonates with the psalm's assurance of hope and vindication for the poor.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the needy shall not always be forgotten, nor the hope of the poor perish forever.
- For the needy will not always be forgotten; the hope of the poor will not perish forever.
Psa.9.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- קומה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- יעז: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אנוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישפטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- פניך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 82:8 (verbal): Both verses use the imperative 'קומה/קום' calling God to arise and to 'judge' the nations/earth (Ps 9:20 and Ps 82:8 share the motif of divine judgment of the nations).
- Joel 3:12 (structural): A summons for the nations to the place of judgment — 'Arise, and let the nations be judged' (Joel 3:12 parallels Ps 9:20's call for God to judge the nations).
- Psalm 94:1 (thematic): An urgent appeal for God to act as judge and avenger ('Rise up, O LORD' / 'God of vengeance, rise up'), sharing the petition for divine intervention against nations/enemies.
- Psalm 7:6 (verbal): Another psalm that opens with 'קומה יהוה' (Arise, O LORD) pleading for God’s judgment against enemies, echoing the same imperative and judicial plea found in Ps 9:20.
Alternative generated candidates
- Arise, O LORD; do not let man be exalted; let the nations be judged before you.
- Arise, LORD! Let not man prevail; let the nations be judged before you.
Psa.9.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שיתה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מורה: VERB,qal,ptcp,NA,m,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ידעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אנוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- סלה: MISC
Parallels
- Psalm 96:10 (verbal): Both verses call for a public proclamation to the nations that the LORD reigns — Ps.9:21 petitions that the nations know, Ps.96:10 explicitly: “Say among the nations, ‘The LORD reigns.’”
- Psalm 47:8 (verbal): Declares God’s rule over the nations (“God reigns over the nations”), closely echoing Ps.9:21’s theme of making the peoples know God’s sovereign rule.
- Psalm 22:28 (thematic): Affirms that the kingdom belongs to the LORD and he rules over the nations — a theological parallel emphasizing divine sovereignty over all peoples, as in Ps.9:21.
- Isaiah 52:10 (thematic): Speaks of all the ends of the earth seeing the salvation of God and recognizing his power — similar to Ps.9:21’s desire that the nations come to know the LORD’s rule.
- Habakkuk 2:14 (thematic): Proclaims that the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the LORD, paralleling Ps.9:21’s plea for the nations to know and acknowledge God.
Alternative generated candidates
- Put them in fear, O LORD; let the nations know that they are but men. Selah.
- Put them in fear, LORD; let the nations know that they are but men. Selah.
Psa.10.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- למה: ADV
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- תעמד: VERB,qal,juss,2,m,sg
- ברחוק: PREP+ADJ,m,sg
- תעלים: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- לעתות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בצרה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 13:1 (verbal): Uses the same complaint language—'How long... will you hide your face from me?'—directly parallel to God seeming distant in time of trouble.
- Psalm 22:1 (thematic): Expresses the anguish of divine abandonment ('My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?'), echoing the theme of God standing far off in distress.
- Psalm 44:23-24 (verbal): Explicitly asks why God sleeps or hides his face in the midst of affliction—close verbal and thematic resonance with Ps 10:1.
- Habakkuk 1:2 (thematic): The prophet's 'How long, O LORD, must I call for help?' complaint parallels the cry against God’s apparent silence and distance in times of trouble.
- Psalm 69:17 (verbal): Prayerful plea 'Do not hide your face from your servant' mirrors the petition in Ps 10:1 against God's hiddenness during distress.
Alternative generated candidates
- Why do you stand far off, O LORD? Why do you hide yourself in times of trouble?
- Why, LORD, do you stand far off? Why do you hide yourself in times of trouble?
Psa.10.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בגאות: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ידלק: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
- עני: ADJ,m,sg
- יתפשו: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,pl
- במזמות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- זו: PRON,dem,f,sg
- חשבו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Micah 2:1-2 (thematic): Condemns those who plan evil to seize fields and houses and oppress the vulnerable—parallels the wicked's scheming and prey on the poor.
- Proverbs 1:11-19 (thematic): Speaks of conspirators who lie in wait to harm the innocent and profit by violence, echoing the image of the wicked hunting the poor through plots.
- Psalm 37:12-15 (verbal): Describes the wicked plotting against the righteous and gnashing teeth, but ultimately being caught and brought to ruin—similar language of devising plots and being ensnared.
- Isaiah 10:1-2 (thematic): Denounces unjust decrees and schemes that rob the needy and widows—connects to the social injustice and calculated oppression of the poor in Ps 10:2.
- Proverbs 22:22-23 (thematic): Warns against robbing the poor because the LORD will defend their cause and take vengeance—resonates with Ps 10's concern for the oppressed and expectation of divine justice.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the pride of his face the wicked hunts down the poor; let them be taken in the schemes they have devised.
- In the pride of the wicked the poor are hunted down; they are taken in the schemes they devise.
Psa.10.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- הלל: VERB,piel,perf,3,m,sg
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- תאות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- נפשו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ובצע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ברך: VERB,qal,inf,NA,NA,NA,NA
- נאץ: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 52:1-3 (verbal): Both verses speak of the wicked "boasting" about evil within his heart and delighting in wrongdoing/greed, using similar language of proud self‑justification.
- Psalm 36:1 (thematic): Describes the wicked's inward disposition—transgression "speaks in his heart" and there is no fear of God—paralleling Ps 10:3's idea of the wicked's heartful desire and contempt for Yahweh.
- Psalm 73:3-8 (thematic): Observes the prosperity and arrogance of the wicked and their scoffing at God—similar themes of boasting, enjoying gain, and reviling or ignoring the LORD.
- 2 Timothy 3:2-4 (thematic): Lists moral traits of the last days—"lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, blasphemers"—echoing Ps 10:3's linking of covetousness, boasting, and reviling God.
- Romans 1:30 (thematic): Paul characterizes the godless as "slanderers, haters of God, insolent, boastful," reflecting the NT parallel to the psalm's depiction of proud, God‑reviling wickedness.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the wicked boasts of the cravings of his soul; he blesses the greedy and scorns the LORD.
- For the wicked boasts of the cravings of his heart; he blesses the greedy and scoffs at the LORD.
Psa.10.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כגבה: PREP
- אפו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff3ms
- בל: PART
- ידרש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אין: PART,neg
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כל: DET
- מזמותיו: NOUN,f,pl,cs,poss:3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 14:1 (verbal): Closely related wording and idea: 'The fool says in his heart, There is no God,' matching Ps 10:4's claim that in the wicked's thoughts 'there is no God.'
- Psalm 53:1 (verbal): Duplicate of Psalm 14:1 in content and wording; repeats the same denial of God found in Ps 10:4.
- Romans 3:10-12 (quotation): Paul cites the OT tradition ('None is righteous... no one seeks for God') drawn from Psalms like 14/53, echoing Ps 10:4's 'does not seek God.'
- Proverbs 16:5 (thematic): Links proud/ haughty heart with being offensive to God, thematically resonant with Ps 10:4's depiction of the wicked's pride and refusal to seek God.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the pride of his face the wicked says in his heart, “God will not require it”—there is no God; all his thoughts are, “There is no God.”
- In the haughtiness of his face the wicked says in his heart, 'There is no God.' All his schemes are corrupt.
Psa.10.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יחילו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- דרכיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,3ms
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- מרום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משפטיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2ms
- מנגדו: PREP+NOUN+3ms
- כל: DET
- צורריו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
- יפיח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 73:3-12 (thematic): The psalmist observes the prosperity and ease of the wicked and their scornful attitude toward God—closely parallels the theme of the wicked’s flourishing and contempt for divine judgment.
- Psalm 37:7-20 (thematic): Contrasts the apparent success of the wicked with their ultimate downfall; addresses waiting on the Lord while the wicked seem to prosper, resonating with Ps 10:5’s notice of the wicked’s thriving.
- Job 21:7-13 (thematic): Job catalogs how the wicked live secure and multiply their possessions, enjoying life without apparent divine retribution—paralleling the observation that the wicked’s ways prosper at all times.
- Jeremiah 12:1-4 (allusion): Jeremiah laments why the wicked prosper and God seems distant in judgment; shares the complaint-tone and the problem of God’s justice seeming remote from the wicked’s success.
Alternative generated candidates
- His ways prosper at all times; your judgments are far above him; all his opponents he treats with contempt.
- His ways prosper at all times; your judgments are far above him; he scoffs at all his adversaries.
Psa.10.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בלבו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- בל: PART
- אמוט: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- לדר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ודר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- ברע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 10:3-5 (structural): Immediate context in the same psalm: continues the portrait of the wicked who boasts, trusts in his heart, prospers, and scorns adversaries—same theme and language of confident immunity.
- Psalm 73:3, 12 (thematic): Asserts the prosperity and apparent security of the wicked—'they have no pangs' / 'at ease, increase in riches'—echoing the wicked's claim of being unmoved across generations.
- Job 21:7-13 (thematic): Job's reflection on the long life, safety, and comfort of the wicked who feel secure and blaspheme against God parallels the boastful assurance of never facing calamity.
- Psalm 94:7-11 (verbal): Speaks of those who say 'the Lord does not see' and who plot against the righteous—shares the verbal motif of the wicked asserting God's absence or their impunity.
- Isaiah 57:11 (allusion): Condemns those who say 'I am innocent' and trust in their own standing—similar self-assured protestations of security and denial of guilt found in Ps. 10:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- He says in his heart, “I shall not be moved; from generation to generation I shall not see adversity.”
- He says in his heart, 'I shall not be moved; from generation to generation I shall not be in want.'
Psa.10.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- פיהו: NOUN,m,sg,pr3ms
- מלא: ADJ,m,sg
- ומרמות: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,pr3ms
- ותך: CONJ
- תחת: PREP
- לשונו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,pr3ms
- עמל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 52:3-5 (verbal): Speaks of a tongue that devises destruction and deceit; imagery of a treacherous tongue and harmful words parallels 'mouth full of cursing and deceit' and 'under his tongue mischief.'
- Psalm 140:3 (verbal): ’They have sharpened their tongues like a serpent; poison of asps is under their lips’ — closely parallels the image of wickedness hidden under the tongue (mischief/iniquity under the tongue).
- Psalm 5:9 (thematic): ’There is no faithfulness in their mouth…their throat is an open grave’ — thematically aligned in denouncing falsehood, deceitful speech, and the moral corruption of the mouth.
- Proverbs 10:18 (thematic): ’He who conceals hatred has lying lips’ — proverbs about lying lips and concealed malice echo Psalm 10:7’s focus on deceptive and harmful speech.
Alternative generated candidates
- His mouth is full of curses, deceit, and oppression; under his tongue are mischief and iniquity.
- His mouth is full of curses, deceit, and oppression; under his tongue are trouble and iniquity.
Psa.10.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ישב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- במארב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חצרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- במסתרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהרג: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- נקי: ADJ,m,sg
- עיניו: NOUN,f,pl,suff
- לחלכה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יצפנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Proverbs 1:11-12 (verbal): Speaks of companions who 'lie in wait for blood' and 'lurk secretly for the innocent,' using the same ambush/murder imagery as Ps 10:8.
- Jeremiah 5:26 (verbal): Describes wicked men who 'lay wait' and set snares for people—parallel language of ambush and secret violence.
- Isaiah 59:7 (thematic): Speaks of swift wrongdoing and the shedding of innocent blood; thematically parallels hidden violence against the helpless.
- Psalm 10:9 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm—continues the motif of lying in wait in secret places (likened to a lion) to seize the poor and helpless.
Alternative generated candidates
- He sits in ambush in villages; in secret places he murders the innocent; his eyes are set against the helpless.
- He sits in ambush in villages; in secret places he murders the innocent; his eyes stealthily watch the helpless.
Psa.10.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יארב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- במסתר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כאריה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בסכה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יארב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לחטוף: VERB,qal,inf
- עני: ADJ,m,sg
- יחטף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עני: ADJ,m,sg
- במשכו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ברשתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Proverbs 1:11-12 (verbal): Speaks of companions who 'lay in wait' and 'set a snare' to seize the innocent—verbal and thematic overlap with lying in ambush to catch the poor.
- Psalm 9:15 (verbal): Uses the image of a pit/net that ensnares—parallel imagery of traps and nets turned against victims (and sometimes the makers).
- Psalm 17:12-13 (thematic): Compares enemies to lions lurking in secret places ready to seize prey—shared lion-in-ambush motif with Ps 10:9.
- Psalm 140:5 (verbal): The psalmist accuses foes of preparing a net for his steps—same metaphor of enemies laying snares for the vulnerable.
- Jeremiah 5:26 (verbal): Declares that among the people are wicked who 'lie in wait' like fowlers and set snares to catch men—close verbal and thematic parallel to Ps 10:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- He lurks in hiding like a lion in his lair; he lurks to seize the poor; he seizes the poor when he draws him into his net.
- He lies in wait like a lion in its lair; he lies in wait to seize the poor; he seizes the poor in his net.
Psa.10.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ידכה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ישח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ונפל: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בעצומיו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss3,m
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כאים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 7:16 (verbal): Speaks of the evildoer’s schemes turning back on himself — parallel to the idea of the wicked falling by their own strength or devices.
- Proverbs 26:27 (thematic): “Whoever digs a pit will fall into it” — a proverb expressing the same theme that the plots of the violent bring about their own downfall.
- Psalm 35:8 (verbal): Asks that ruin overtake the enemy and their nets ensnare them — echoes the image of the wicked’s collapse and lack of help.
- Proverbs 22:22–23 (thematic): Warns against oppressing the poor because the Lord will plead their cause — connects to Psalm 10’s concern for helpless victims who have no human helper.
- Psalm 12:5 (thematic): God’s promise to arise because the poor are plundered parallels Psalm 10’s portrayal of the afflicted who fall and have no one to help, highlighting divine intervention for the helpless.
Alternative generated candidates
- He crouches; he bows down; the afflicted fall by his strength.
- He crouches and bows down; the poor are crushed— they fall under his strength; there is no helper.
Psa.10.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בלבו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- שכח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- הסתיר: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg
- פניו: NOUN,m,pl,cons+3,m,sg
- בל: PART
- ראה: VERB,qal,imperat,2,m,sg
- לנצח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 13:1 (verbal): Direct verbal and thematic parallel: both speak of God being forgotten and of God hiding his face ('Will you forget me forever? Will you hide your face from me?').
- Psalm 77:9 (thematic): Similar theme of doubting God’s mercy and fearing that God has 'forgotten' or shut up his compassion—an expression of perceived divine absence.
- Isaiah 49:14 (verbal): Jerusalem’s complaint ('The LORD has forsaken me, my Lord has forgotten me') echoes the taunt in Psalm 10 that God has forgotten his people.
- Lamentations 5:20 (thematic): A communal lament asking why God has forgotten Israel—parallels the assertion in Psalm 10 that God hides his face and will not see.
Alternative generated candidates
- He says in his heart, “God has forgotten; he hides his face; he will never see it.”
- He says in his heart, 'God has forgotten; he hides his face— he will never see it.'
Psa.10.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- קומה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- נשא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ידך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:2,f,sg
- אל: NEG
- תשכח: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ענוים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 12:5 (verbal): Echoes the imperative/response dynamic—here God declares 'now will I arise' for the oppressed, paralleling the psalmist's plea 'Arise, O LORD' and concern for the needy.
- Exodus 3:7 (thematic): God sees and hears the affliction of the oppressed and acts to deliver them—parallels the appeal that God should not forget the afflicted.
- Psalm 82:3-4 (thematic): A call to defend the weak and needy and to rescue the oppressed, matching the psalmist's petition for God to rise and aid the afflicted.
- Proverbs 31:8-9 (thematic): An injunction to speak up and defend the rights of the poor and needy—parallels the ethical concern and plea for intervention on behalf of the afflicted.
- Lamentations 5:20 (allusion): A lament asking God why He forgets and forsakes His people—resonates with the psalmist's plea 'forget not the afflicted.'
Alternative generated candidates
- Arise, O LORD; lift up your hand; do not forget the afflicted.
- Arise, LORD! Lift up your hand; do not forget the afflicted.
Psa.10.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- על: PREP
- מה: PRON,int
- נאץ: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בלבו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תדרש: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 36:1 (thematic): Both describe the wicked’s inward disposition—‘transgression speaks in the heart’ and a lack of fear of God, paralleling the claim that God will not require them.
- Psalm 73:11 (verbal): The wicked (or scoffers) say in effect that God does not know or see—‘How can God know?’—echoing the Psalm 10 claim that the wicked think God will not require account.
- Job 22:13-14 (thematic): Job (or Eliphaz’s speech) records the conviction that God is hidden and does not attend to human deeds, a similar mindset to the wicked who say God will not require them.
- Psalm 94:9 (verbal): This psalm counters the same presumption by asking rhetorically whether God, who formed the ear and eye, will not hear or see—directly engaging the idea that God will not require the wicked.
- Proverbs 15:3 (thematic): Proverbs affirms that ‘the eyes of the LORD are in every place,’ opposing the wicked’s presumption in Psalm 10 that God will not call them to account.
Alternative generated candidates
- Why does the wicked spurn God? He says in his heart, “You will not call me to account.”
- Why does the wicked despise God? He says in his heart, 'You will not call me to account.'
Psa.10.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ראתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- עמל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכעס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תביט: VERB,qal,juss,2,m,sg
- לתת: VERB,qal,inf
- בידך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff,2,m,sg
- עליך: PREP+2ms
- יעזב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חלכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יתום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- היית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- עוזר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 68:5-6 (verbal): Describes God as defender/rescuer of the fatherless and widows—closely echoes Ps 10:14's affirmation that God is helper of the fatherless.
- Psalm 146:9 (verbal): Affirms that the LORD upholds the widow and the fatherless, paralleling Ps 10:14's theme of God's care for the vulnerable.
- Psalm 82:3-4 (thematic): Calls for defending the weak and fatherless and rescuing the needy from the wicked—echoes Ps 10:14's concern for justice on behalf of the helpless.
- Deuteronomy 10:18 (verbal): States that God executes justice for the fatherless and the widow, closely matching Ps 10:14's claim that God is the helper of the fatherless.
- Isaiah 1:17 (thematic): Commands seeking justice and defending the fatherless and widow—resonates with Ps 10:14's depiction of God's protection for the orphaned and oppressed.
Alternative generated candidates
- You see, for you behold trouble and grief, to take them into your hand; to you the helpless are committed— you have been the helper of the fatherless.
- You have seen— for you behold trouble and grief, to take them into your hand; to you the helpless is committed; you have been the helper of the orphan.
Psa.10.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- זרוע: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ורע: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,abs
- תדרוש: VERB,qal,impf,2,ms
- רשעו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- בל: PART
- תמצא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 7:9 (thematic): Both beseech God to end the activity of the wicked—‘let the wickedness of the wicked come to an end’ resonates with Ps 10:15’s call to seek out and remove the wicked’s wrongdoing.
- Psalm 72:4 (thematic): A royal plea for justice: ‘He will judge the needy... and crush the oppressor’ parallels Ps 10:15’s request that God break the power of the wicked who harm the vulnerable.
- Psalm 94:1-2 (thematic): An urgent cry for God to rise as judge and repay the proud/violent; thematically aligns with Ps 10:15’s appeal for divine vindication and punishment of the wicked.
- Deuteronomy 32:35 (allusion): ‘Vengeance is mine... I will repay’ expresses the same theological conviction that God will execute justice on evildoers, mirroring Ps 10:15’s demand that God break the wicked’s strength.
- Proverbs 2:22 (thematic): ‘But the wicked will be cut off’ complements Ps 10:15’s expectation that the wicked be sought out and removed—both envision the elimination of evil from the community.
Alternative generated candidates
- Break the arm of the wicked and the evil man; seek out his wickedness until you find none.
- Break the arm of the wicked and the evil one; seek out his wickedness until you find none.
Psa.10.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- אבדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מארצו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Exodus 15:18 (verbal): Uses the same formula of Yahweh's eternal reign — “The LORD will reign forever and ever,” directly paralleling the declaration of God’s kingship for ever.
- Psalm 145:13 (verbal): Affirms God’s everlasting kingdom and enduring dominion (“Your kingdom is an everlasting kingdom”), echoing the theme of Yahweh’s perpetual reign.
- Psalm 47:8 (thematic): Proclaims God’s rule over the nations (“God reigns over the nations”), connecting the motifs of divine kingship and sovereignty over peoples.
- Psalm 9:7–8 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD sitting enthroned forever and establishing his throne for judgment — a parallel assertion of Yahweh’s eternal kingship and rule.
- Daniel 4:3 (or 4:34) (verbal): Nebuchadnezzar’s praise that God’s dominion is everlasting (“His dominion is an everlasting dominion”) echoes the statement of the LORD’s eternal kingship over the nations.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is king forever and ever; the nations have perished from his land.
- The LORD is king forever and ever; the nations perish from his land.
Psa.10.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- תאות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ענוים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- שמעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- תכין: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- לבם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
- תקשיב: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אזנך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 34:6 (verbal): A poor/afflicted person cries and the LORD hears and delivers them—parallels the same verbs of crying/hearing and divine response to the needy (Hebrew motif of ענִי/צָעַק and שָׁמַע).
- Psalm 9:12 (verbal): Speaks of God not forgetting the cry of the afflicted—echoes the concern for the afflicted and God’s attentive hearing (קְרַאת־לִנְאַיִם / שָׁמַע).
- Psalm 69:33 (thematic): Declares that the LORD hears the needy and does not despise his prisoners—thematic parallel about God’s care for the lowly and His hearing of their pleas.
- Psalm 102:17 (thematic): ‘He will regard the prayer of the destitute’—similar theme of God attending to the prayers/desires of the poor and afflicted.
- Isaiah 66:2 (allusion): God looks to the humble and contrite and hears them—an allied theological motif of God’s special regard for the lowly and His attentive ear to their petitions.
Alternative generated candidates
- O LORD, you have heard the desire of the afflicted; you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear,
- You have heard the desire of the afflicted, O LORD; you will prepare their heart and incline your ear.
Psa.10.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לשפט: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- יתום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ודך: CONJ
- בל: PART
- יוסיף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עוד: ADV
- לערץ: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- אנוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מן: PREP
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 10:18 (verbal): Says God 'executes justice for the fatherless and the widow'—a close verbal parallel to Psalm 10's plea to judge/vindicate the orphan.
- Psalm 82:3-4 (thematic): Calls rulers to 'defend the weak and the fatherless' and 'rescue the weak and needy'—echoes Psalm 10's concern for orphans and oppressed and opposition to oppressive men.
- Isaiah 1:17 (thematic): Prophetic injunction to 'seek justice, correct oppression, defend the fatherless, plead for the widow'—shares the same ethical demand for care of orphans.
- Psalm 146:9 (verbal): Affirms that the LORD 'upholds the widow and the fatherless'—a parallel affirmation of divine protection for those Psalm 10 seeks vindication for.
- Exodus 22:22 (structural): Law forbids afflicting any widow or orphan—provides legal/social background for the psalm's appeal against oppression of the fatherless.
Alternative generated candidates
- to vindicate the fatherless and the oppressed, so that man who is of the earth may no longer strike terror.
- To give justice to the fatherless and the oppressed, so that mortal man may no longer strike terror.
To the choirmaster: On Muth‑Labben. A psalm of David.
I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart; I will tell of all your wonderful deeds.
I will rejoice and exult in you; I will sing praises to your name, O Most High.
When my enemies turned back they stumbled and perished before you.
For you have maintained my right and my cause; you sit on the throne, judging in righteousness.
You have rebuked the nations, you have destroyed the wicked; you have blotted out their name forever and ever.
The enemy are finished, their cities are laid waste; the memory of them has perished. But the LORD abides forever; he has fixed his throne for judgment,
and he will judge the world in righteousness; he will govern the peoples with equity.
The LORD is a stronghold for the oppressed, a refuge in times of trouble.
Those who know your name put their trust in you, for you have not forsaken those who seek you, O LORD.
Sing praises to the LORD, who sits enthroned on Zion; tell among the peoples his deeds.
For he who avenges blood remembers them; he does not forget the cry of the afflicted.
Have mercy on me, O LORD; see my affliction from those who hate me; lift me up from the gates of death,
that I may recount all your praise at the gates of the daughter of Zion; I will rejoice in your salvation.
The nations have sunk in the pit they made; in the net they hid is their own foot caught.
The LORD is known by his acts of justice; the wicked are ensnared by the work of their hands—Higgayon. Selah.
The wicked shall return to Sheol, all the nations that forget God. But the needy shall not always be forgotten, nor the hope of the poor perish forever.
Arise, O LORD; do not let man prevail; let the nations be judged before you.
Put them in fear, O LORD; let the nations know that they are but men. Selah.
Why do you stand afar off, O LORD? Why do you hide yourself in times of trouble?
In the pride of the wicked the poor are harried; they are taken in the schemes he devises.
For the wicked boasts of the cravings of his heart; he blesses the greedy and curses the LORD.
The wicked, with haughty eyes, says, "There is no God"; all his thoughts are, "There is no God."
His ways prosper at all times; your judgments are far above his sight; he scoffs at all his foes.
He says in his heart, "I shall never be moved; from generation to generation I shall not meet calamity."
His mouth is full of cursing, deceit, and oppression; under his tongue are mischief and iniquity.
He lurks in ambush in villages; in secret he kills the innocent; his eyes watch the helpless.
He lies in wait like a lion in his lair; he lies in wait to seize the poor; he seizes the poor when he draws him into his net.
He crouches, he bows down; the poor fall by his strength; the needy are crushed.
He says in his heart, "God has forgotten; he hides his face; he will never see it."
Arise, O LORD; lift up your hand, O God; do not forget the afflicted.
Why does the wicked despise God? He says in his heart, "You will not call me to account."
You have seen it, for you note mischief and vexation to take into your hands; the helpless are committed to you; you have been the helper of the orphan.
Break the arm of the wicked and of the evildoer; seek out his wickedness until you find none.
The LORD is king forever and ever; the nations perish from his land.
You, O LORD, have heard the desire of the humble; you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear
to vindicate the fatherless and the oppressed, so that man, who is of the earth, may no longer terrify.