Contributions for the Sanctuary
Exodus 25:1-9
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Exo.25.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Exod.31.1 (verbal): Same introductory formula 'And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying' used to introduce further instructions about the tabernacle and its craftsmen (continuing the tabernacle discourse).
- Lev.1.1 (verbal): Nearly identical divine-speech formula ('And the LORD called unto Moses, and spake unto him... saying') that begins a set of priestly/ritual instructions — a recurring structural way God addresses Moses.
- Num.1.1 (structural): Uses the same divine-introduction ('And the LORD spake unto Moses in the wilderness of Sinai...') to introduce a major set of Israelite instructions (the census), showing the canonical pattern of God speaking to Moses to convey communal directives.
- Exod.3.4 (allusion): An earlier instance of God calling Moses ('God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses'), illustrating the motif of divine address that frames Moses' prophetic leadership and reception of commandments.
- Exod.25.8 (thematic): Immediate thematic continuation of Exod.25:1 — the content introduced by 'And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying' is the command to build a sanctuary ('Let them make me a sanctuary'), linking the speech formula directly to tabernacle instructions.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:
- And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
Exo.25.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויקחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- תרומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מאת: PREP
- כל: DET
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ידבנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- תקחו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- תרומתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
Parallels
- Exod.35:5 (verbal): Repeats the command to take an offering for the LORD and uses the same idea—'everyone whose heart is willing'—to solicit gifts for the tabernacle materials.
- Exod.35:21 (verbal): Describes Israelites bringing contributions 'every man whose heart stirred him to bring'—a near‑verbal restatement of the voluntary, heart‑prompted giving commanded in 25:2.
- 1 Chron.29:5 (thematic): Accounts of contributions for the temple emphasize voluntary, wholehearted giving ('they offered willingly'); parallels the communal, heart‑driven donation for sacred construction in Exod 25:2.
- 2 Cor.9:7 (thematic): New Testament ethical parallel: each person should give according to what they have decided in their heart, not reluctantly—echoes the principle of voluntary, heart‑prompted offerings in Exod 25:2.
- Num.7:2 (structural): Leaders bring offerings for dedication of the altar/tabernacle—a structural parallel showing the practice of bringing gifts for sanctuary establishment and dedication, though here formalized by tribal leaders.
Alternative generated candidates
- Speak to the Israelites, and they shall take for me a contribution; from every man whose heart prompts him you shall take my contribution.
- Speak to the Israelites, that they take for me a contribution; from everyone whose heart makes them willing you shall take my contribution.
Exo.25.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וזאת: CONJ+DEM,f,sg
- התרומה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- תקחו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- מאתם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- זהב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכסף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונחשת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 35:5 (verbal): Repeats the command to collect voluntary offerings for the sanctuary, listing the same metals: gold, silver, and bronze.
- Exodus 35:22 (verbal): Describes the Israelites bringing freewill offerings, explicitly naming gold, silver and bronze as materials contributed for the Tabernacle.
- Exodus 36:5-7 (structural): Narrates the actual bringing of materials by the people and that they brought more than enough—continuation/fulfillment of the instruction in 25:3 to receive metals.
- 1 Chronicles 29:3 (thematic): David recounts providing gold, silver and bronze for the building of the house of the LORD—parallel practice of dedicating precious metals for a sacred structure.
- 1 Kings 7:51 (thematic): Summarizes the completion and furnishing of Solomon's temple with objects of gold and other metals, reflecting the same use of metals for cultic furnishings as in Exod 25:3.
Alternative generated candidates
- And this is the contribution that you shall take from them: gold and silver and bronze,
- And this is the contribution that you shall take from them: gold, silver, and bronze;
Exo.25.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותכלת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וארגמן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותולעת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- ושש: CONJ+NUM,card,m,sg
- ועזים: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exod.26:1 (verbal): Repeats the identical palette and materials (blue, purple, scarlet, and fine linen) used for the tabernacle curtains and inner coverings, linking the gifts in 25:4 to the detailed construction instructions in ch.26.
- Exod.28:5-6 (verbal): Uses the same colors and fine linen (blue, purple, scarlet, and fine linen) for the making of the priestly garments (the ephod and related vestments), showing the shared material/visual program between priestly attire and the sanctuary.
- Exod.35:22-25 (structural): A parallel list of voluntary contributions from the community that again includes blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen and goats' hair — a restatement of the gift items called for in 25:4 as the community furnishes the tabernacle.
- Num.4:6-12 (thematic): Discusses the use and handling of fine linen and coverings for the holy objects during transport, reflecting the same concern with appropriate materials (fine linen, coverings) for sacred furniture and the sanctuary environment as in Exod.25:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- and blue, and purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen, and goats' hair,
- blue, purple, and scarlet yarns; fine linen; and goats' hair;
Exo.25.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וערת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אילם: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מאדמים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- וערת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תחשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ועצי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,con
- שטים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 26:14 (verbal): Repeats the same materials as coverings for the tent — “rams’ skins dyed red, and over them a covering of tachash skins,” directly paralleling the list in Exod 25:5.
- Exodus 35:7 (structural): In the account of the people’s contributions for the tabernacle, donors bring “rams’ skins dyed red, tachash skins, and acacia (shittim) wood,” echoing the identical inventory of materials.
- Exodus 36:19–20 (structural): Describes the actual making of the tabernacle elements from shittim (acacia) wood and the use of coverings, showing the practical application of the materials named in Exod 25:5.
- Exodus 25:10–11 (allusion): Gives instructions for the ark to be made of acacia (shittim) wood and overlaid with gold, linking the mention of shittim wood in 25:5 to specific furniture built from it.
Alternative generated candidates
- and rams' skins dyed red, and takhash skins, and acacia wood,
- rams' skins dyed red, and skins of fine leather; acacia wood;
Exo.25.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- למאר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בשמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לשמן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המשחה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ולקטרת: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הסמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Exod 27:20 (verbal): Commands Israel to bring 'pure olive oil for the light' (שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ לְמָאוֹר), corresponding to 'oil for the lamp' in Exod 25:6.
- Lev 24:2 (verbal): God instructs that pure olive oil be provided 'for the light' in the sanctuary (שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ לַמָּאור), paralleling the lamp‑oil phrase of Exod 25:6.
- Exod 30:22–25 (verbal): Gives the recipe and use of the sacred anointing oil (שֶׁמֶן הַמָּשְׁחָה), directly paralleling the reference to 'the anointing oil' in Exod 25:6.
- Exod 30:34–38 (verbal): Prescribes the composition and exclusive use of the sacred incense (קְטֹרֶת הַסַּמִּים / לְקָטֶרֶת הַסַּמִּים), corresponding to 'for the sweet incense' in Exod 25:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense,
- oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
Exo.25.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אבני: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- שהם: PRON,3,m,pl
- ואבני: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons
- מלאים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לאפד: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולחשן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exod.28:6-12 (verbal): Instructions for making the ephod, including the two onyx stones to be set on the ephod’s shoulder pieces — same materials and setting as Exod 25:7.
- Exod.28:15-21 (verbal): Description of the breastpiece (breastplate) with its settings of precious stones — parallels the mention of stones for the breastpiece in Exod 25:7.
- Exod.28:29 (thematic): Explains the function of the breastpiece as bearing the names of Israel on the priest’s heart, connecting the stones/settings named in Exod 25:7 to their cultic role.
- Exod.39:6-14 (structural): Report of the finished work: the craftsmen set the two onyx stones on the ephod’s shoulders and engraved the names of Israel — a narrative parallel to the materials prescribed in Exod 25:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- onyx stones, and stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece.
- onyx stones, and stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece.
Exo.25.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- מקדש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושכנתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,com,sg
- בתוכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Exod.29:45-46 (verbal): Repeats and expands the promise that God will dwell among Israel in the tabernacle (uses same language of dwelling among the children of Israel).
- Lev.26:11-12 (verbal): Parallel promise that God will set his tabernacle among the people and dwell with them, tied to covenant blessings and presence.
- 1 Kgs.8:10-13 (thematic): Solomon’s dedication of the temple centers on the theme of God taking up residence among his people — building a permanent dwelling for God as fulfillment of the tabernacle motif.
- Ps.132:13-14 (thematic): Affirms Yahweh’s choice of Zion as his habitation and his resolve to ‘dwell’ there, echoing the idea of God’s presence taking a specific locus among his people.
- John 1:14 (verbal): New Testament echo: ‘The Word became flesh and dwelt (Greek: empeσκēnōsen, lit. “tabernacled”) among us,’ explicitly alluding to the tabernacle imagery of God dwelling with humanity.
Alternative generated candidates
- And let them make for me a sanctuary, and I will dwell among them.
- And they shall make me a sanctuary, and I will dwell among them.
Exo.25.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ככל: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- מראה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אותך: PRON,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- תבנית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- המשכן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- תבנית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- כליו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3,m,sg
- וכן: ADV
- תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
Parallels
- Exod.25.40 (verbal): Near-verbatim reiteration of the command to build the tabernacle and its furnishings “after the pattern” shown on the mountain.
- Exod.26.30 (verbal): Repeats the instruction to erect the tabernacle “according to the plan” shown to Moses—same wording emphasizing a divine blueprint.
- Heb.8:5 (quotation): The New Testament explicitly cites Moses’ charge to follow the mountain-shown pattern, using it to explain the earthly tabernacle as a copy/shadow of heavenly realities.
- 1 Chron.28:11-13 (structural): David hands Solomon detailed plans and the pattern for the house of the LORD, paralleling Exodus’ emphasis on receiving and following a divinely given blueprint for sacred architecture.
Alternative generated candidates
- According to all that I am showing you—the pattern of the tabernacle and the pattern of all its furnishings—so you shall do.
- According to all that I am showing you—the pattern of the Tabernacle and the pattern of all its furnishings—so you shall make it.
And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
"Speak to the Israelites, and let them take for me a contribution; from everyone whose heart prompts him, you shall take my contribution. And this is the contribution that you shall take from them: gold, silver, and bronze;
blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, fine linen, and goat hair;
rams' skins dyed red, fine leather, and acacia wood;
oil for the light; spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
onyx stones and stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece. And they shall make me a sanctuary, and I will dwell among them.
According to all that I show you—the pattern of the tabernacle and the pattern of all its furnishings—so you shall make it."