Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial
Mark 14:27-31
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Mark.14.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- οτι: CONJ
- Παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- σκανδαλισθησεσθε: VERB,fut,pas,ind,2,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- γεγραπται·Παταξω: VERB,perf,pas,ind,3,sg; VERB,fut,act,ind,1,sg
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- ποιμενα: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- προβατα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- διασκορπισθησονται: VERB,fut,pas,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Zechariah 13:7 (quotation): The Old Testament prophecy quoted by Jesus: 'Strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered,' which Mark cites as the scriptural basis for the prediction.
- Matthew 26:31 (verbal): Parallel prediction in Matthew that 'all of you will be offended' and a direct citation of Zechariah 13:7, closely matching Mark's wording.
- John 16:32 (verbal): Jesus foretells that 'you will be scattered, each to his own, and will leave me alone,' echoing the scattering motif and fulfillment of the prediction.
- Mark 14:50 (structural): Immediate narrative fulfillment within Mark: after Jesus' prediction the disciples 'all left him and fled,' illustrating the predicted scattering.
- Luke 22:31-34 (thematic): Luke records Jesus' prediction concerning Peter's fall/denial and Satan's sifting of the disciples—a related theme of testing, falling away, and the disciples' failure under trial.
Alternative generated candidates
- You will all fall away; for it is written, 'I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered.'
- Jesus said to them, "All of you will fall away on account of me this night; for it is written, 'I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered.'"
Mark.14.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- αλλα: CONJ
- μετα: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- εγερθηναι: VERB,aor,pass,inf
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- προαξω: VERB,fut,act,ind,1,sg
- υμας: PRON,acc,pl,2
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- Γαλιλαιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Matthew 26:32 (verbal): Jesus' prediction using nearly identical wording: after his resurrection he will go before the disciples into Galilee.
- Mark 16:7 (quotation): The angel at the tomb tells the women that Jesus 'goeth before you into Galilee,' directly echoing Jesus' promise (Mark's resurrection narrative).
- Matthew 28:7 (quotation): The angelic message to the women repeats that Jesus will go before his disciples into Galilee, paralleling Jesus' earlier statement.
- Luke 24:6-7 (allusion): The angelic reminder links the empty tomb to Jesus' prior predictions made while he was in Galilee, alluding to his promise of post‑resurrection meeting there.
- John 21:1 (thematic): A post‑resurrection appearance at the Sea of Tiberias (Galilee) where Jesus meets the disciples—narrative fulfillment of 'I will go before you into Galilee.'
Alternative generated candidates
- But after I am raised up, I will go before you into Galilee.
- But when I am raised, I will go before you into Galilee.
Mark.14.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- Πετρος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εφη: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτω·Ει: PRON,dat,3,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- σκανδαλισθησονται: VERB,fut,pass,ind,3,pl
- αλλ᾽ουκ: CONJ
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
Parallels
- Matthew 26:33 (verbal): Peter's same claim that though all fall away he will not—very close verbal parallel to Mark 14:29 in the Synoptic account.
- Matthew 26:35 (verbal): A related boast by Peter in the same scene—he insists he will not deny Jesus even if he must die; reinforces the theme of Peter's confident pledge.
- Luke 22:33 (thematic): Luke records Peter's readiness to follow Jesus into prison and death, a thematic parallel expressing Peter's bold commitment.
- John 13:37 (verbal): In John Peter likewise declares he will lay down his life for Jesus—another strong, verbally comparable assertion of loyalty.
- Mark 14:50 (structural): Immediate narrative contrast: after Peter's boasting, Mark immediately notes that 'they all left him and fled,' fulfilling the prediction that others would fall away.
Alternative generated candidates
- Peter said to him, 'Even if all fall away, I will not.'
- Peter answered him, "Even if all fall away, I will not."
Mark.14.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους·Αμην: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- λεγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- οτι: CONJ
- συ: PRON,nom,sg,2
- σημερον: ADV
- ταυτη: PRO,dat,sg,f
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- νυκτι: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- πριν: ADV
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- δις: ADV
- αλεκτορα: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- φωνησαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- τρις: ADV
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- απαρνηση: VERB,fut,mid,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 26:34 (verbal): Almost identical prediction that Peter will deny Jesus three times 'before the rooster crows,' showing a direct verbal parallel to Mark's warning.
- Luke 22:34 (verbal): Luke records the same prediction of Peter's threefold denial, echoing the warning though with Luke's narrative emphasis.
- John 13:38 (verbal): Jesus tells Peter he will deny him before the rooster crows; John's version places the prediction at the Last Supper and closely parallels the theme and wording.
- Mark 14:72 (structural): The immediate narrative fulfillment within Mark: Peter denies Jesus three times and the rooster crows (twice), completing the prediction stated in 14:30.
- Matthew 26:75 (structural): Matthew's account of the fulfillment: Peter denies Jesus three times and weeps after the rooster crows, paralleling Mark's predicted denial and its outcome.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jesus said to him, 'Truly I tell you, today—this very night, before the rooster crows twice—you will deny me three times.'
- Jesus said to him, "Truly I tell you, this very night—before the rooster crows twice—you will deny me three times."
Mark.14.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- εκπερισσως: ADV
- ελαλει·Εαν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- δεη: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- συναποθανειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- ου: PART,neg
- μη: PART
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- απαρνησομαι: VERB,fut,mid,ind,1,sg
- ωσαυτως: ADV
- δε: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- ελεγον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 26:35 (verbal): Peter's declaration that he will not disown Jesus even if he must die is rendered almost identically in Matthew (’Even if I must die with you, I will not deny you’).
- Luke 22:33 (verbal): Peter proclaims willingness to follow Jesus to prison and death, a parallel expression of resolve to the same effect as Mark 14:31.
- John 13:37 (verbal): Peter's vow in John ('Lord, why can I not follow you now? I will lay down my life for you') echoes the same pledge of loyalty and readiness to die for Jesus.
- Mark 14:29 (structural): An earlier statement by Peter in the same scene ('Even if everyone falls away, I will not') forms an internal parallel and escalation leading to the stronger vow in 14:31.
Alternative generated candidates
- But he insisted even more, 'If I must die with you, I will not deny you.' And they all said the same.
- But Peter spoke the more vehemently, "If I must die with you, I will not deny you." And they all said the same.
And he said to them, 'You will all fall away; for it is written, "I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered."' But after I am raised up, I will go before you to Galilee.
Peter said to him, 'Even if all fall away, I will not.' And Jesus said to him, 'Truly I tell you, this very night, before the rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.' But he insisted even more, 'If I must die with you, I will not deny you.' And all of them said the same.