Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication
Jeremiah 11:18-23
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Jer.11.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הודיעני: VERB,hiph,impv,2,m,sg
- ואדעה: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
- אז: ADV
- הראיתני: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- מעלליהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
Parallels
- Amos 3:7 (thematic): Affirms the principle that the LORD reveals his purposes to his prophets — God makes things known to his servants before acting, paralleling 'The LORD made it known to me.'
- Numbers 12:6 (verbal): God explains how he makes himself known to a prophet through visions and dreams: 'If there is a prophet among you, I the LORD make myself known to him in a vision,' echoing the idea of divine disclosure to a seer.
- Ezekiel 8:6–7 (structural): God directs Ezekiel to look and see the people's abominations, i.e. God showing the prophet the deeds of the people, closely paralleling 'You showed me their deeds.'
- Jeremiah 1:11–12 (allusion): Earlier in Jeremiah God shows/asks about visions and then interprets them to Jeremiah; structurally similar as God informs Jeremiah and reveals meaning/deeds to him.
- Psalm 139:1–4 (thematic): Speaks of God's intimate knowledge of a person's thoughts and deeds ('You know when I sit and when I rise… you discern my thoughts from afar'), paralleling the theme of God’s awareness and revelation of human actions.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD made it known to me, and I understood; then you showed me their deeds.
- The LORD made it known to me, and I understood; then you showed me their deeds.
Jer.11.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואני: PRON,1,sg
- ככבש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלוף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יובל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לטבוח: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- ולא: CONJ
- ידעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- כי: CONJ
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- חשבו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מחשבות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- נשחיתה: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- עץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בלחמו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,ms
- ונכרתנו: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- חיים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ושמו: CONJ,NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- יזכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עוד: ADV
Parallels
- Isaiah 53:7 (verbal): Explicit verbal and thematic parallel — the suffering figure is described as a lamb led to the slaughter, echoing Jeremiah’s ‘like a lamb… to be slain’ motif of innocent suffering and unjust death.
- Psalm 44:22 (verbal): Uses sheep/slaughter imagery ('we are counted as sheep for the slaughter'), paralleling Jeremiah’s lamb-for-slaughter language and the sense of being victimized.
- Psalm 41:9 (thematic): Focuses on treachery by an intimate companion ('even my close friend in whom I trusted... has lifted up his heel against me'), resonating with Jeremiah’s depiction of conspirators plotting his destruction.
- John 1:29 (thematic): Applies lamb imagery to a messianic/innocent figure ('Behold the Lamb of God'), reflecting the prophetic tradition (including Jeremiah and Isaiah) that links innocence, suffering, and sacrificial death.
Alternative generated candidates
- I was like a lamb led to the slaughter—like a sheep before its shearers; I did not know that they planned against me thoughts of destruction: "Let us destroy the tree with its fruit, and cut him off from the land of the living, that his name be remembered no more."
- But I was like a lamb led to the slaughter; I did not know that they had devised plots against me: “Let us destroy the tree with its fruit, and cut him off from the land of the living, that his name be remembered no more.”
Jer.11.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שפט: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בחן: ADJ,ptc,pass,f,sg
- כליות: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- ולב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,const
- אראה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- נקמתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- אליך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- גליתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ריבי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,1,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 7:9 (verbal): Calls on God as the righteous judge who 'tests minds and hearts' and asks for the end of the wicked—shares the same verb and judicial plea to examine hearts and execute justice.
- Psalm 26:2 (verbal): A personal appeal: 'Prove me, O LORD, and try me; test my heart and mind,' echoing Jeremiah's request that God examine reins and heart.
- Psalm 139:23-24 (verbal): Begins with 'Search me, O God, and know my heart; try me…'—the language of divine examination of the heart parallels Jeremiah's appeal for God to test hearts.
- Proverbs 17:3 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD testing/refining hearts (the refining pot metaphor), reflecting the theme that God examines inner motives and purifies/judges accordingly.
- Jeremiah 12:1 (thematic): Within the same prophetic context Jeremiah appeals to God's righteousness and questions why the wicked prosper—a related plea for divine vindication and judgment of the wicked.
Alternative generated candidates
- O LORD of hosts, you who judge rightly and who probe the kidneys and the heart—let me see your vengeance upon them; for to you I have disclosed my cause.
- But the LORD of hosts—he who judges righteously and tests the heart and mind—let him bring vengeance on them; for to you I have disclosed my cause.
Jer.11.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לכן: ADV
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ענתות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- המבקשים: VERB,qal,ptcp,_,m,pl,def
- את: PRT,acc
- נפשך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,m
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- לא: PART_NEG
- תנבא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- בשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- תמות: VERB,qal,yiqtol,2,m,sg
- בידנו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,_,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 26:11 (verbal): Uses nearly identical wording — officials say to Jeremiah, “Do not prophesy in the name of the LORD, or you will die by our hand,” a direct verbal parallel to the threat from the men of Anathoth.
- Jeremiah 26:20-23 (thematic): The account of the prophet Urijah, who prophesied similarly and was seized and handed over to be killed, parallels the lethal danger threatened against prophets who speak in YHWH’s name.
- Jeremiah 20:1-2 (thematic): Pashhur the priest assaults and imprisons Jeremiah for prophesying, illustrating priestly/official persecution and punishment of a prophet for speaking in the LORD’s name.
- Jeremiah 38:4-6 (thematic): The princes conspire to put Jeremiah to death and cast him into a cistern — another episode of leaders plotting to kill Jeremiah because of his prophecies, echoing the threat in 11:21.
Alternative generated candidates
- Therefore thus says the LORD concerning the men of Anathoth who seek your life, saying, "Do not prophesy in the name of the LORD, and you will not die by our hand."
- Therefore thus says the LORD concerning the men of Anathoth who seek your life, saying, “Do not prophesy in the name of the LORD, or you shall die by our hand.”
Jer.11.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לכן: ADV
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
- פקד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- הבחורים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ימתו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,pl
- ובנותיהם: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons+3,mp
- ימתו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ברעב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 28:52-57 (allusion): Part of the Mosaic curse where siege and famine lead to the death and destruction of one’s household (even cannibalistic imagery). Jeremiah 11:22 echoes the covenant‑curse motif that children will perish and households be devastated by famine and siege.
- Ezekiel 14:21 (thematic): God lists the ‘four severe judgments’ (sword, famine, wild beasts, and pestilence) as instruments to cut off people—paralleling Jeremiah’s pairing of sword and famine as divine punishment.
- Amos 4:6-11 (thematic): Amos recounts a sequence of disciplinary acts (drought, famine, pestilence, judgment by the sword) sent by Yahweh to bring Israel to repentance; thematically similar to Jeremiah’s announcement that young men will die by the sword and children by famine.
- 2 Chronicles 36:17-19 (structural): This historical summary of Judah’s fall attributes the devastation brought by the king of Babylon to God’s judgment (sword, exile, destruction), providing the historical fulfillment context for Jeremiah’s prophetic warning about death by sword and famine.
Alternative generated candidates
- Therefore thus says the LORD of hosts: Behold, I will visit them; the young men shall die by the sword, their sons and their daughters shall perish by famine.
- Therefore thus says the LORD of hosts: Behold, I will visit them—young men shall die by the sword, their sons and daughters shall perish by famine.
Jer.11.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושארית: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- אביא: VERB,hiphil,impf,1,_,sg
- רעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ענתות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- פקדתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 11:21-22 (structural): Immediate context: the same pericope instructs not to pray for these people and declares God will have no pity or spare them—directly connected to the threat against the men of Anathoth and ‘no remnant’ in v.23.
- Isaiah 10:22-23 (thematic): Speaks of the remnant motif in the context of divine judgment—though the people be many, only a remnant returns—parallels Jeremiah’s announcement that no remnant will be left.
- Ezekiel 6:13 (verbal): Declares God will not spare or have pity and that the people's ways will bring judgment on them—echoes Jeremiah’s language about God not pitying and bringing evil upon the offenders.
- Zephaniah 1:12,18 (thematic): Describes the day of the LORD’s visitation/punishment when the complacent will find no refuge and neither silver nor gold will save them—parallels the idea of a decisive year of visitation and total loss in Jer.11:23.
- Micah 3:12 (thematic): Pronounces the complete devastation of Jerusalem ('Zion shall be plowed like a field'), reflecting the utter destruction and lack of a remnant that Jeremiah threatens for the guilty community.
Alternative generated candidates
- There shall be no remnant left to them, for I will bring disaster on the men of Anathoth in the year of my visitation.
- There shall be no remnant for them; for I will bring disaster upon the men of Anathoth in the year of my visitation.
But the LORD made it known to me, and I understood; then he showed me their deeds.
I was like a lamb led to the slaughter; I did not know—for they devised plots against me: “Let us cut him off from the land of the living; let his name be remembered no more.” But the LORD of hosts, who executes righteous judgment and probes the kidneys and heart, let me see your vengeance on them; for to you I have revealed my cause.
Therefore thus says the LORD concerning the men of Anathoth who seek your life, saying, “Do not prophesy in the name of the LORD, or you shall die by our hand.”
Therefore thus says the LORD of hosts: Behold, I will punish them—young men shall die by the sword; their sons and their daughters shall perish by famine.
There shall be no remnant for them, for I will bring disaster upon the men of Anathoth.