Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters
Ezekiel 40:44-47
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Eze.40.44 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומחוצה: PREP
- לשער: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הפנימי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- לשכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- שרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בחצר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הפנימי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אל: NEG
- כתף: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שער: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ופניהם: NOUN,m,pl,suff
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הדרום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- כתף: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שער: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הקדים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,pl
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הצפן: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:6 (structural): Same chapter’s description of the outer and inner gates and their adjoining rooms—continues the systematic architectural layout and measuring of temple gates and chambers.
- Ezekiel 40:46 (verbal): Specifies the priests’ chambers at the inner court by the east gate; closely parallels the location and function of chambers adjacent to the inner gate.
- Ezekiel 42:13-14 (thematic): Describes chambers for the priests and their use (eating sacred portions) within the temple complex—relates to the assignment and purpose of inner‑court rooms.
- 1 Kings 6:5 (thematic): Solomon’s temple account of side chambers built against the temple’s walls; thematically parallels the presence of auxiliary rooms adjoining sacred precincts in temple architecture.
Alternative generated candidates
- And outside the inner gate were chambers for the officers, in the inner court on the side of the north gate; their faces were toward the south, and the entrance of one was toward the side of the north gate.
- And outside the inner gate were chambers for the officers in the inner court which were toward the shoulder of the north gate, and their faces were toward the south; one toward the shoulder of the east gate, and their faces toward the north.
Eze.40.45 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
- הלשכה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- פניה: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הדרום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לכהנים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שמרי: PART,qal,ptcp,m,pl
- משמרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הבית: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:46 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same vision describing the corresponding chamber facing north for the priests—mirrors the south-facing chamber and the priests' entry/assignment.
- Ezekiel 44:15-16 (verbal): Explicitly designates certain priests (the sons of Zadok) as those who ‘kept charge of my sanctuary/house,’ echoing the role language of Ezek 40:45.
- 1 Kings 6:5-6 (structural): Description of Solomon’s temple side rooms and chambers used by temple personnel—architectural parallel to Ezekiel’s priestly chambers.
- 2 Chronicles 3:8-9 (structural): Account of the inner rooms/side chambers of Solomon’s temple, providing a comparable temple layout and priestly accommodation to Ezekiel’s description.
- Numbers 3:7-8 (thematic): Prescribes the priests’ duty to ‘keep the charge’ of the sanctuary, thematically paralleling the function and responsibility assigned to the priests in Ezek 40:45.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he said to me, “This chamber whose face is toward the south is for the priests who keep the charge of the house.”
- And he said to me, "This chamber whose face is toward the south is for the priests, the keepers of the charge of the house."
Eze.40.46 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והלשכה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- פניה: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לכהנים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שמרי: PART,m,pl,const
- משמרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- המזבח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- צדוק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הקרבים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- מבני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cs
- לוי: PROPN,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לשרתו: VERB,qal,inf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ezekiel 44:15-16 (verbal): Restates the same priestly qualification: the sons of Zadok are the priests who kept charge and are permitted to draw near to minister before the LORD — closely parallels wording and function in 40:46.
- Numbers 3:6-9 (thematic): Levites are appointed to 'keep the charge' of the sanctuary and to minister before the tent of meeting; thematically parallels Ezekiel's depiction of Levites/priestly duties as watchers of the house.
- Numbers 1:50-53 (thematic): Assigns the Levites to attend the tabernacle so the other Israelites need not carry it, emphasizing the special service and watch duty of Levites akin to the 'keepers of the watch' in Ezekiel 40:46.
- Leviticus 10:8-11 (thematic): God’s instructions to Aaron about priests distinguishing holy from common and teaching Israel their statutes relates to the qualified, on‑duty priesthood (those who may 'draw near' to serve) portrayed in Ezekiel.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-6 (structural): Describes the organized divisions of the Aaronic priesthood under David with Zadok as a principal priestly figure; structurally parallels the delineation of priestly families and their authorized service found in Ezekiel 40:46.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the chamber whose face is toward the north is for the priests who keep the charge of the altar; they are the sons of Zadok, the ones among the Levites who draw near to the LORD to minister to him.
- And the chamber whose face is toward the north is for the priests who keep the charge of the altar; they are the sons of Zadok, the ones among the sons of Levi who draw near to the LORD to minister to him.
Eze.40.47 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וימד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ארך: ADJ,m,sg
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ורחב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מרבעת: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- והמזבח: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- לפני: PREP
- הבית: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:5 (structural): Earlier verse in the same vision introducing the measuring-man and measuring rod; both passages emphasize precise measurements of the temple precincts and gates.
- Ezekiel 43:13-17 (structural): Later in Ezekiel the prophet gives detailed measurements for the altar and its placement before the house—parallel concern for exact dimensions and altar location in the restored temple vision.
- Exodus 27:1-8 (thematic): Priestly/tabernacle regulations that give concrete dimensions for the altar and courtyard; represents the broader sanctuary-measurement tradition to which Ezekiel’s measurements are related.
- 1 Kings 6:2 (cf. 2 Chronicles 3:3) (thematic): Dimensions of Solomon’s temple (length, breadth, height) provide a parallel temple-building tradition and offer a point of contrast with Ezekiel’s different measurement scheme for the eschatological temple.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he measured the court: a hundred cubits long and a hundred cubits wide, a square; and the altar was before the house.
- And he measured the court: its length one hundred cubits and its breadth one hundred cubits, square; and the altar was before the house.
And outside the inner gate were chambers for the officers in the inner court, adjoining the side of the north gate; their fronts faced toward the south, one toward the side of the outer gate and the other toward the side of the north. And he said to me, "This chamber whose face is toward the south is for the priests who keep the charge of the house." And the chamber whose face is toward the north is for the priests who keep the charge of the altar—these are the sons of Zadok, from the Levites, who draw near to the LORD to serve him. And he measured the court: a hundred cubits long and a hundred cubits wide; it was square on all four sides, and the altar stood before the house.