Correction of Abuses at the Lord's Supper
1 Corinthians 11:17-34
1Cor.11.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- δε: CONJ
- παραγγελλων: VERB,pres,act,ptcp,nom,sg,m
- ουκ: PART,neg
- επαινω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- κρεισσον: ADV,comp
- αλλα: CONJ
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ησσον: ADJ,acc,sg,n
- συνερχεσθε: VERB,pres,mid,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 11:20-22 (verbal): Immediate continuation of the same complaint—Paul details how the Corinthians' coming together profanes the Lord’s Supper, explaining what he means by 'not for the better but for the worse.'
- 1 Corinthians 11:33-34 (structural): Paul's practical remedy in the same chapter—he instructs the Corinthians to wait for one another and to eat at home so the assembly can be orderly and edifying.
- 1 Corinthians 14:23-40 (thematic): Broader Corinthian instruction on public worship: rebukes confused, disorderly gatherings and insists that 'everything be done decently and in order,' addressing the same problem of harmful conduct in assembly.
- Acts 2:42-46 (thematic): Portrait of the ideal early Christian fellowship—breaking of bread and shared meals in unity and mutual care, offering a positive contrast to the divisive, damaging gatherings in Corinth.
- Romans 14:19 (thematic): Paul's pastoral principle to 'pursue what makes for peace and mutual upbuilding,' which addresses the underlying need for harmonious conduct in Christian gatherings reflected in 1 Corinthians 11:17.
Alternative generated candidates
- But in this I do not praise you, for your gatherings do more harm than good.
- Now in this matter I do not praise you, for when you meet together it is not for the better but for the worse.
1Cor.11.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- πρωτον: ADV
- μεν: PART
- γαρ: PART
- συνερχομενων: PTCP,pres,mid,gen,pl,m
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- εν: PREP
- εκκλησια: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- ακουω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- σχισματα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- εν: PREP
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- υπαρχειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- και: CONJ
- μερος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
- πιστευω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
Parallels
- 1 Cor.1:10-13 (verbal): Paul confronts factionalism in Corinth with similar language and argument (reports of quarrels/factions; 'Is Christ divided?'), addressing the same problem of schisms.
- 1 Cor.3:3-4 (thematic): Diagnoses jealousy, strife, and 'factions' (φατριαι) among the Corinthians as evidence of worldly behavior—same underlying cause as the schisms in 11:18.
- 1 Cor.11:19 (structural): Immediate continuation of 11:18 in the same argument: Paul explains that divisions exist so that the genuine may be revealed and judgment occurs among you.
- Rom.16:17 (thematic): Paul elsewhere warns believers to watch out for those causing 'divisions and obstacles' contrary to sound doctrine—parallel concern and corrective response to congregational schism.
Alternative generated candidates
- First, I hear that when you meet as a church there are divisions among you, and I believe it to some extent.
- For first of all, when you come together as a church, I hear that there are divisions among you, and to some extent I believe it.
1Cor.11.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- γαρ: PART
- και: CONJ
- αιρεσεις: NOUN,nom,pl,f
- εν: PREP
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- ειναι: VERB,pres,act,inf
- ινα: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- δοκιμοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- φανεροι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- γενωνται: VERB,aor,mid,subj,3,pl
- εν: PREP
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 1:10-13 (thematic): Paul elsewhere rebukes the Corinthian church for divisions and factionalism (’I hear there are quarrels among you’), addressing the same problem of parties within the congregation.
- 1 Corinthians 3:3-4 (verbal): Paul diagnoses the church’s condition as marked by envy, strife and divisions (διχοστασίαι), a close verbal and thematic parallel to the existence of factions so that the tested may be revealed.
- Galatians 5:19-21 (verbal): The catalogue of sinful deeds in Galatians includes αἱρέσεις (often translated ‘factions’ or ‘heresies’), using the same Greek term and linking factionalism to moral/religious disorder.
- Romans 16:17-18 (thematic): Paul warns Roman Christians to watch for those who cause divisions and offences contrary to the teaching they received, reflecting the pastoral concern about factions in the churches.
- James 3:16 (thematic): James links envy and strife (the roots of factionalism) with disorder and every evil work, thematically echoing the negative consequences and testing that result from divisions.
Alternative generated candidates
- For there must be factions among you, that those who are approved may be made manifest among you.
- For there must be factions among you, that those who are approved may be made manifest.
1Cor.11.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- συνερχομενων: VERB,pres,mid,part,gen,pl,m
- ουν: CONJ
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- επι: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- αυτο: PRON,acc,sg,neut
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- κυριακον: ADJ,acc,sg,n
- δειπνον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- φαγειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
Parallels
- 1Corinthians 11:17 (structural): Opens the rebuke about the Corinthian meetings ('I have no praise for you'); sets the immediate context for 11:20's claim that their gatherings are not the Lord's Supper.
- 1Corinthians 11:18 (verbal): Uses the same scenario language ('when you come together as a church') and begins the argument that the assembly is divided, leading into 11:20's conclusion.
- 1Corinthians 11:21 (verbal): Describes the actual behavior at the meals ('each one takes his own supper first'), explaining why the gathering cannot be the Lord's Supper as stated in 11:20.
- Luke 22:19-20 (quotation): The institution narrative of the Lord's Supper ('This is my body... this cup is the new covenant') which provides the normative meaning Paul invokes when he says their meeting is not the Lord's Supper.
- Acts 20:7 (thematic): An example of early Christian gatherings 'on the first day of the week to break bread'; thematically parallels eucharistic assembly practice contrasted with the corrupted Corinthian meals.
Alternative generated candidates
- When you come together, it is not the Lord's Supper you eat.
- When you come together, it is not to eat the Lord's supper.
1Cor.11.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εκαστος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- γαρ: PART
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ιδιον: ADJ,acc,sg,neut
- δειπνον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- προλαμβανει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- φαγειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- και: CONJ
- ος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- μεν: PART
- πεινα: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- μεθυει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- 1 Cor 11:34 (structural): Immediate chapter parallel — Paul returns to the practical solution to hunger at the Lord’s Supper: 'If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home,' addressing the same abuse noted in v.21.
- 1 Cor 10:21 (thematic): Paul contrasts participation at the Lord’s table with participation at the table of demons; both passages treat proper/ improper conduct at communal meals and the spiritual implications of table fellowship.
- Matt 26:26-29 (quotation): The institution of the Lord’s Supper (words over bread and cup) is the tradition Paul assumes — his rebuke of Corinthian practice presupposes the meaning and proper observance set by the Last Supper tradition.
- Acts 2:46-47 (thematic): Portrait of early Christian communal meals characterized by unity and sharing, offered as a contrast to the Corinthian situation where meals reveal division, hunger, and excess.
- Amos 6:4-6 (thematic): Prophetic critique of indulgent feasting and drunkenness — parallels Paul’s condemnation of some who 'get drunk' and feast selfishly while others go hungry.
Alternative generated candidates
- For in eating, each goes ahead with his own meal; one is hungry, while another is drunk.
- For in eating, each of you goes ahead with his own meal. One goes hungry while another gets drunk.
1Cor.11.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- μη: PART
- γαρ: PART
- οικιας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εχετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- εσθιειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- και: CONJ
- πινειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- εκκλησιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- καταφρονειτε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- και: CONJ
- καταισχυνετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- μη: PART
- εχοντας: VERB,pres,act,ptc,acc,pl,m
- τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
- ειπω: VERB,pres,act,subj,1,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- επαινεσω: VERB,fut,act,ind,1,sg
- υμας: PRON,acc,pl,2
- εν: PREP
- τουτω: DEM,dat,sg,m
- ουκ: PART,neg
- επαινω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 11:20 (structural): Immediate context: Paul rebukes the Corinthians that when they come together to eat they are not celebrating the Lord’s Supper rightly—directly linked to the charge of despising the church.
- James 2:1-7 (thematic): Condemns showing favoritism to rich guests and dishonoring the poor—parallels Paul’s critique of shaming those who have nothing at the communal meal.
- Luke 14:7-11 (thematic): Jesus’ teaching about not taking the place of honor at a feast and the shame that accompanies seating hierarchies echoes the Corinthian problem of social status and embarrassment at shared meals.
- Acts 4:32-35 (thematic): Positive counterexample: the early Jerusalem community shared possessions so that no one was needy, contrasting with the Corinthians’ failure to care for poorer members at common meals.
- Matthew 23:6-7 (verbal): Jesus criticizes seeking the best seats and prominent greetings at banquets—language and social critique similar to Paul’s rebuke of conduct that honors some and shames others during church gatherings.
Alternative generated candidates
- Do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and humiliate those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? I do not praise you.
- Do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I commend you in this? I will not.
1Cor.11.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- γαρ: PART
- παρελαβον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- απο: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- παρεδωκα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- οτι: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- νυκτι: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- παρεδιδετο: VERB,impf,mid/pass,ind,3,sg
- ελαβεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αρτον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:26-29 (quotation): Synoptic account of the Lord’s Supper: Jesus ‘took bread…’ and speaks of his body and the cup — closely parallels Paul’s wording and the institution tradition Paul transmits.
- Mark 14:22-25 (quotation): Mark’s institution narrative uses nearly identical actions and sayings (‘took bread… gave thanks…’) and parallels Paul’s report of the Last Supper on the night Jesus was betrayed.
- Luke 22:19-20 (quotation): Luke records the bread-taking and the words instituting remembrance and the new covenant in Jesus’ blood — language echoed in Paul’s following lines and tradition he received.
- 1 Corinthians 11:24-25 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same tradition in Paul’s letter (the blessing, breaking, and the cup; ‘do this in remembrance of me’), showing the full institution formula Paul transmits.
- 1 Corinthians 10:16 (thematic): Paul’s earlier Corinthian discussion of the ‘cup of blessing’ and ‘bread that we break’ links the Eucharistic elements to participation in Christ, thematically related to the institution Paul recounts in 11:23.
Alternative generated candidates
- For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread,
- For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus, on the night when he was betrayed, took bread,
1Cor.11.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ευχαριστησας: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,sg,m
- εκλασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν·Τουτο: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg + PRON,acc,sg,n
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- σωμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- υπερ: PREP
- υμων·τουτο: PRON,gen,pl,2
- ποιειτε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- εμην: PRON,acc,sg,1
- αναμνησιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Luke 22:19 (quotation): Direct Synoptic parallel of the Last Supper institution: Jesus takes bread, gives thanks, breaks it, and says ‘this is my body… do this in remembrance of me.’
- Matthew 26:26 (quotation): Synoptic account: Jesus takes bread and declares it to be his body—verbal agreement with Paul’s wording at 1 Cor 11:24.
- Mark 14:22 (quotation): Shortest Synoptic version of the institution narrative: bread taken, given thanks, broken, and identified as Jesus’ body—parallels Paul’s report of the tradition.
- 1 Cor 11:23 (structural): Immediate context in Paul’s letter: Paul explicitly frames 11:24 as part of the tradition he ‘received’ and then ‘delivered,’ linking the bread words to a transmitted institution formula.
- 1 Cor 10:16 (thematic): Paulic parallel language about bread and participation: the ‘cup of blessing’ and the ‘bread which we break’ as participation in Christ’s blood and body, thematically echoing the meaning of the institution words in 11:24.
Alternative generated candidates
- and when he had given thanks he broke it and said, "This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me."
- and having given thanks he broke it and said, "This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me."
1Cor.11.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ωσαυτως: ADV
- και: CONJ
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ποτηριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- μετα: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- δειπνησαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- λεγων·Τουτο: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ποτηριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- καινη: ADJ,nom,sg,f
- διαθηκη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- εμω: ADJ,dat,sg,n
- αιματι·τουτο: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- ποιειτε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- οσακις: CONJ
- εαν: CONJ
- πινητε: VERB,pres,act,subj,2,pl
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- εμην: PRON,acc,sg,1
- αναμνησιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Luke 22:20 (quotation): Directly parallels Paul’s wording—Jesus: “This cup is the new covenant in my blood,” spoken at the Last Supper (Paul appears to cite or summarize this saying).
- Matthew 26:28 (verbal): Similar phrasing: “This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins,” linking Jesus’ blood to the covenant and atonement.
- Mark 14:24 (verbal): Parallel Synoptic account: “This is my blood of the covenant,” echoing the Johannine/Synoptic tradition that ties the cup to covenantal blood.
- 1 Corinthians 10:16 (thematic): Paul’s own earlier Eucharistic language—“the cup of blessing... is it not a participation in the blood of Christ?”—connects the Lord’s cup with communion in Christ’s blood.
- Jeremiah 31:31-34 (allusion): The Old Testament prophecy of a ‘new covenant’ provides the theological background for Paul’s phrase “the new covenant in my blood,” linking Jesus’ death to the fulfilment of Jeremiah’s promise.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Whenever you drink it, do this in remembrance of me."
- In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me."
1Cor.11.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- οσακις: CONJ
- γαρ: PART
- εαν: CONJ
- εσθιητε: VERB,pres,act,subj,2,pl
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- αρτον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- τουτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ποτηριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- πινητε: VERB,pres,act,subj,2,pl
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- θανατον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- καταγγελλετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- αχρι: PREP
- ου: PART,neg
- ελθη: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 26:26-29 (quotation): The Synoptic institution narrative where Jesus gives bread and cup and commands 'do this'—the origin of the Lord's Supper language that Paul assumes in proclaiming the Lord's death when the elements are taken.
- Luke 22:19-20 (quotation): Luke's account records 'this is my body' and 'this cup is the new covenant in my blood' and the command to 'do this in remembrance of me,' closely paralleling Paul's reference to eating and drinking as an enacted proclamation of Christ's death.
- 1 Corinthians 10:16 (verbal): Paul's earlier reference to 'the cup of blessing' and 'participation in the blood of Christ' uses similar sacramental vocabulary and theology about the cup and communal participation in Christ's death.
- 1 Corinthians 15:3-4 (thematic): Paul's succinct kerygma—Christ died, was buried, and raised—echoes the content being proclaimed in the Lord's Supper; 11:26 frames the meal as a ritual proclamation of that death until Christ's coming.
- Acts 2:42 (structural): The early church's practice of 'devoting themselves to the apostles' teaching and to the breaking of bread' provides the broader communal and liturgical context for Paul's account of the Eucharist as regular proclamation until Christ returns.
Alternative generated candidates
- For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.
- For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.
1Cor.11.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ωστε: CONJ
- ος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- αν: PART
- εσθιη: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- αρτον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- πινη: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ποτηριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- αναξιως: ADV
- ενοχος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- εσται: VERB,fut,mid,ind,3,sg
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- σωματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- αιματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 1 Cor 11:28-29 (verbal): Immediate context and parallel wording: Paul commands self-examination and says anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment — closely echoes the guilty-of-body-and-blood warning.
- 1 Cor 10:16-17 (verbal): Similar language of the cup and the bread as participation (koinonia) in the body and blood of Christ; provides the theological link between the elements and communal/ethical consequences.
- 1 Cor 11:20-22 (structural): Contextual parallel describing the Corinthians' abusive practice of the Lord's Supper (selfish eating, divisions), which precipitates Paul’s warning about partaking unworthily.
- 1 Cor 10:21 (verbal): Warning that one cannot partake of the Lord's table and the table of demons; reinforces the incompatibility of improper participation and the seriousness of guilt for unworthy partaking.
- Matt 26:26-28 (thematic): Institution narrative where Jesus identifies the bread as his body and the cup as his blood — the foundational tradition behind Paul's language about eating/drinking the body and blood of the Lord.
Alternative generated candidates
- So then, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord.
- Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord.
1Cor.11.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δοκιμαζετω: VERB,pres,act,imp,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- ανθρωπος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εαυτον: PRON,acc,sg,masc,reflex
- και: CONJ
- ουτως: ADV
- εκ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- αρτου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εσθιετω: VERB,pres,act,imp,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- εκ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ποτηριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- πινετω·: VERB,pres,act,imp,3,sg
Parallels
- 2 Corinthians 13:5 (verbal): Paul uses the same imperative to test/examine oneself (ἐξετάσατε ἑαυτούς), echoing the call to self-examination before participating in communal life.
- 1 Corinthians 11:31-32 (structural): Immediate context: Paul expands the command—if we judged ourselves (ὑποκρίνασθε ἑαυτοὺς) we would not be judged—linking self-examination to avoiding divine judgment for improper participation in the Lord's Supper.
- Romans 14:22-23 (thematic): Discusses eating and conscience—one must act according to faith and not condemn oneself; parallels the concern for proper inward disposition when eating and drinking in a religious context.
- Psalm 139:23-24 (thematic): A prayer for God to search and know the heart (self‑examination and testing by God), resonating with the call to inward scrutiny before partaking in sacred rites.
- Lamentations 3:40 (thematic): 'Let us search and try our ways'—an Old Testament exhortation to self-examination and repentance that corresponds to Paul's demand that individuals examine themselves before eating and drinking.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let a person examine himself, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.
- Let a person examine himself, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.
1Cor.11.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- γαρ: PART
- εσθιων: PTCP,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- πινων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
- κριμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εαυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- εσθιει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- πινει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- μη: PART
- διακρινων: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- σωμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 10:16-17 (verbal): Uses eucharistic language (cup of blessing, one bread/one body) and links communal eating/drinking with participation in Christ — parallels Paul’s concern about properly discerning the body.
- John 6:53-56 (allusion): Jesus’s teaching about eating his flesh and drinking his blood provides theological background for Paul’s language of eating/drinking and the life-or-judgment consequences of participation.
- Luke 22:19-20 (quotation): The institution narrative (this is my body… this cup is the new covenant in my blood) supplies the immediate scriptural setting for Paul’s warning against unworthy reception of the bread and cup.
- Hebrews 10:29 (thematic): Speaks of severe judgment for treating Christ’s sacrifice with contempt; thematically parallels Paul’s statement that unworthy eating/drinking brings judgment on oneself.
Alternative generated candidates
- For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment upon himself.
- For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.
1Cor.11.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δια: PREP
- τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- εν: PREP
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- πολλοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- ασθενεις: ADJ,acc,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- αρρωστοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- κοιμωνται: VERB,pres,mid/pass,ind,3,pl
- ικανοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 11:29 (verbal): Directly adjacent clause about eating and drinking 'unworthily'—the improper participation that brings judgment which Paul summarizes as many being weak, sick, or asleep.
- 1 Corinthians 11:31 (structural): Paul's interpretive comment that if the community judged itself rightly it would not be judged—v.30 functions as the evidentiary consequence of divine judgment referred to here.
- Acts 5:1-11 (thematic): Ananias and Sapphira are struck down in the church for deceit—an example of immediate divine judgment within the believing community for misconduct.
- Leviticus 10:1-2 (thematic): Nadab and Abihu die after offering unauthorized fire before the Lord—illustrates the motif of lethal judgment for improper liturgical/worship behavior.
- 1 Corinthians 5:5 (thematic): Paul's disciplinary measure to 'hand over' a flagrant sinner so that the flesh may be destroyed (and spirit saved) parallels the idea of physical affliction as a consequence of serious communal sin.
Alternative generated candidates
- That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have fallen asleep.
- That is why many of you are weak and sick, and a number have fallen asleep.
1Cor.11.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- δε: CONJ
- εαυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- διεκρινομεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,pl
- ουκ: PART,neg
- αν: PART
- εκρινομεθα·: VERB,aor,pass,ind,1,pl
Parallels
- 1Corinthians 11:32 (structural): Immediate context/continuation: explains that the Lord's judgment comes as discipline, showing why self-examination (v.31) is necessary to avoid being punished.
- 2Corinthians 13:5 (thematic): Explicit call to 'examine yourselves' and 'test yourselves'—a parallel exhortation to self-judgment and self-scrutiny to prove genuine faith.
- Luke 6:37 (verbal): Jesus' saying 'Judge not, and you will not be judged' echoes the logic relating human judgment and being judged; Paul reverses the focus by urging self-judgment to avert divine judgment.
- 1Corinthians 4:4 (thematic): Paul's reflection that 'the one who judges me is the Lord' connects to the theme of divine inspection and final judgment contrasted with human assessment.
Alternative generated candidates
- If we judged ourselves rightly, we would not be judged.
- But if we judged ourselves, we would not be judged.
1Cor.11.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- κρινομενοι: VERB,pres,mp,part,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- υπο: PREP
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- παιδευομεθα: VERB,pres,mp,ind,1,pl
- ινα: CONJ
- μη: PART
- συν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- κοσμω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- κατακριθωμεν: VERB,aor,pass,subj,1,pl
Parallels
- Hebrews 12:6-11 (thematic): Describes the Lord's discipline as corrective and loving (’whom the Lord loves he disciplines’), produced for our good so we may share his holiness rather than suffer final condemnation—parallels Paul’s point that God’s judgment is formative, not merely punitive.
- Proverbs 3:11-12 (verbal): ’My son, do not despise the Lord's discipline’ is the wisdom background for New Testament language about divine chastening; Paul’s language about being disciplined by the Lord echoes this proverb.
- Revelation 3:19 (verbal): ’Those whom I love I reprove and discipline’ closely parallels Paul’s statement that being judged by the Lord is a form of discipline motivated by love, aimed at restoration rather than final condemnation.
- Psalm 94:12 (thematic): ’Blessed is the man whom you discipline, O LORD’ shares the theme that divine chastening is beneficial and protective, resonating with Paul’s claim that the Lord’s discipline prevents condemnation with the world.
- 1 Corinthians 5:5 (structural): In the same letter Paul prescribes corrective church discipline (deliver to Satan) with the stated aim of salvation/ restoration of the offender—an example of disciplinary measures intended to avert condemnation with the world.
Alternative generated candidates
- But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned along with the world.
- When we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined that we may not be condemned along with the world.
1Cor.11.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ωστε: CONJ
- αδελφοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- συνερχομενοι: PART,pres,mid,nom,pl,m
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- φαγειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- αλληλους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- εκδεχεσθε: VERB,pres,mid,imp,2,pl
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 11:20 (verbal): Uses the same opening phrase 'When you come together' and contrasts the Corinthians' improper conduct at communal meals with the proper observance Paul is addressing.
- 1 Corinthians 11:34 (structural): The immediate continuation of the instruction—clarifies practical application to wait and arrange meals so that gatherings are orderly and no one goes hungry.
- Luke 22:17-20 (quotation): The institution of the Lord’s Supper (breaking bread and cup) provides the theological basis for Christian communal meals that Paul regulates here.
- Acts 2:46 (thematic): Describes the early church 'breaking bread in their homes' and eating together with glad and sincere hearts, paralleling the theme of shared communal meals and fellowship.
- Acts 20:7 (thematic): Reports believers gathering on the first day of the week to break bread—an example of orderly assembly for shared eating and worship similar to the gatherings Paul addresses.
Alternative generated candidates
- So then, my brothers, when you come together to eat, wait for one another.
- So then, my brothers, when you come together to eat, wait for one another.
1Cor.11.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,?
- πεινα: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- εν: PREP
- οικω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- εσθιετω: VERB,pres,act,imp,3,sg
- ινα: CONJ
- μη: PART
- εις: PREP
- κριμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- συνερχησθε: VERB,pres,mid,subj,2,pl
- Τα: ART,nom,pl,n
- δε: CONJ
- λοιπα: ADJ,acc,pl,n
- ως: ADV
- αν: PART
- ελθω: VERB,aor,act,subj,1,sg
- διαταξομαι: VERB,fut,mid,ind,1,sg
Parallels
- 1 Cor.11:33 (structural): Immediate context: Paul earlier instructs ‘when you come together to eat, wait for one another,’ directly linked to the corrective about eating at home to avoid disorder when they assemble.
- 1 Cor.11:29-30 (verbal): Same section uses ‘judgment’ language—eating and drinking in an unworthy manner brings judgment—explaining why some are weak, sick, or asleep; provides the theological basis for avoiding judgmental gatherings.
- 1 Cor.14:40 (thematic): Paul’s broader demand for orderly worship—‘let all things be done decently and in order’—echoes his intention to restore proper practice when he comes.
- Rom.14:13 (verbal): Paul’s parallel exhortation to ‘stop passing judgment on one another’ and pursue edification connects with the admonition here to avoid coming together so as not to bring about judgment among the community.
Alternative generated candidates
- If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that you do not come together for judgment. And the rest I will set in order when I come.
- If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that when you come together it may not be for judgment. And the rest I will set in order when I come.
But in giving you this instruction I do not praise you, for when you assemble it is not for the better but for the worse.
For, in the first place, when you come together as a church I hear that there are divisions among you, and I partly believe it.
For there must be factions among you, that those who are genuine may be revealed among you.
When you come together, it is not the Lord's Supper you eat.
For, when you eat, each of you goes ahead with his own meal; one goes hungry while another gets drunk.
Do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have nothing? What should I say to you? Shall I praise you? In this I will not praise you.
For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus, on the night when he was betrayed, took bread,
and when he had given thanks he broke it and said, 'This is my body for you; do this in remembrance of me.'
In the same way he took the cup, after supper, saying, 'This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.'
For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.
Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord.
Let a person examine himself, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.
For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.
For this reason many among you are weak and sick, and a number have died.
If we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged. But when we are disciplined by the Lord, it is for our correction, that we may not be condemned with the world. So then, my brothers, when you come together to eat, wait for one another.
If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that when you meet together you are not judged. And as for the rest, when I come I will give directions.