Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram
2 Chronicles 8:1-18
2 C.8.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- מקץ: PREP
- עשרים: NUM,card,pl
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- ביתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:10-11 (quotation): Direct parallel/near‑quotation: repeats the statement that at the end of twenty years Solomon had built the house of the LORD and his own house.
- 1 Kings 6:38 (structural): Gives the seven‑year duration for building the temple (the house of the LORD), which, when combined with the thirteen years for Solomon's house, explains the twenty‑year total.
- 1 Kings 7:1 (structural): States that Solomon built his own house in thirteen years, corresponding to the palace portion of the twenty‑year period mentioned in 2 Chronicles 8:1.
- 2 Chronicles 3:2 (allusion): Chronicles' account of the beginning and site of the temple construction (Mount Moriah), supplying the narrative background to the building project summarized in 2 Chronicles 8:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- And it came to pass at the end of twenty years, in which Solomon had built the house of the LORD and his own house,
- At the end of twenty years, during which Solomon had built the house of the LORD and the king's house.
2 C.8.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והערים: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חורם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לשלמה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- ויושב: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- את: PRT,acc
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:11-12 (quotation): Direct parallel: reports Hiram’s gift of cities to Solomon and his inspection of them, corresponding to Chronicles’ statement that Solomon built the cities Hiram gave him and settled Israel there.
- 1 Kings 9:15-19 (thematic): Describes Solomon’s wider building program—store cities, chariot cities, and other works—paralleling Chronicles’ note that Solomon built and populated cities given by Hiram.
- 1 Kings 5:1-12 (allusion): Recounts the Hiram–Solomon alliance (supply of cedar, craftsmen, and mutual aid); provides the diplomatic and economic background for Hiram’s gift of cities mentioned in Chronicles.
- 2 Chronicles 8:1 (structural): The immediately preceding verse continues the same narrative about Solomon’s building activity and settlement policy, forming a direct structural context for v.2’s statement about building and dwelling in Hiram’s cities.
Alternative generated candidates
- that Hiram gave Solomon the cities which he had given him; and Solomon built them and caused the children of Israel to dwell there.
- As for the cities that Hiram had given to Solomon, Solomon built them and settled the people of Israel there.
2 C.8.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וילך: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- חמת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- צובה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויחזק: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עליה: PREP,3,f,sg
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:21 (thematic): States Solomon’s rule extended ‘from the River (Euphrates) to the land of the Philistines,’ situating Hamath-Zobah within the northern reach of his realm and paralleling the note that Solomon went to and took that city.
- 1 Kings 9:15-19 (structural): Lists Solomon’s building projects, cities he fortified or controlled (Hazor, Megiddo, Gezer, etc.); parallels 2 Chr 8:3’s report of Solomon’s activity in northern cities (taking Hamath‑Zobah) as part of territorial consolidation.
- 2 Samuel 8:9-10 (allusion): Reports that Toi king of Hamath sent envoys and gifts to David after David’s victory over Hadadezer, providing an earlier background for Israelite interactions and influence in Hamath referenced by Solomon’s capture.
- 2 Chronicles 8:1-2 (structural): Immediate Chronicler context describing Solomon’s building and the cities he built/settled; 8:3 (Solomon going to and taking Hamath‑Zobah) fits into this same narrative block of territorial development and administration.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then Solomon went to Hamath‑zobah and laid hold of it.
- Solomon went to Hamath‑zobah and took it.
2 C.8.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- תדמר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- במדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המסכנות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- בחמת: PREP+NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:18-19 (verbal): Near-verbatim parallel in the Deuteronomistic history: Solomon 'built Tadmor in the wilderness' and 'all the store cities which he built in Hamath.'
- 2 Chronicles 8:1-3 (structural): Immediate narrative context in Chronicles describing Solomon's building projects and store-cities; 8:4 is part of this contiguous account.
- 1 Kings 10:26-29 (thematic): Describes Solomon's chariots, horses and their cities and supply/trade in horses — thematically linked to the mention of chariot/horse cities and store-towns associated with Solomon's building program.
- 1 Kings 9:10-14 (thematic): Reports Solomon's dealings over towns and construction (including towns given to Hiram) and situates the building of foreign/regional towns such as Tadmor/Hamath within Solomon's broader diplomatic and building activities.
Alternative generated candidates
- He built Tadmor in the wilderness and all the store‑cities which he built in Hamath.
- He built Tadmor in the wilderness and all the store‑cities that he had built in Hamath.
2 C.8.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חורון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העליון: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חורון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- התחתון: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- מצור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חומות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- דלתים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ובריח: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:15-18 (quotation): Parallel listing of cities Solomon built; 1 Kings explicitly names Upper and Lower Beth-horon as fortified cities—essentially the same report as 2 Chronicles 8:5.
- 2 Chronicles 8:2-6 (structural): Immediate literary context in Chronicles describing Solomon’s broader building program (store cities, other fortified towns) and so reinforces the theme and inventory that includes Beth-horon.
- Joshua 10:10-11 (thematic): Mentions Beth-horon as the scene of a decisive military event (stones from heaven and pursuit), showing the strategic importance of the Beth-horon pass that Solomon later fortified.
- Nehemiah 3:1 (verbal): Uses the same building vocabulary of walls, gates, and bars when describing city restoration; reflects a common biblical formula for fortifying and securing towns analogous to Solomon’s fortifications at Beth-horon.
Alternative generated candidates
- He built Upper Beth‑horon and Lower Beth‑horon, fortified cities, with walls, gates, and bars.
- He built Upper Beth‑Horon and Lower Beth‑Horon, fortified cities with walls, gates and bars.
2 C.8.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- בעלת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המסכנות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- היו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לשלמה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- הרכב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- הפרשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- חשק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- חשק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבנות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ובלבנון: CONJ+PREP+PROPN,m,sg
- ובכל: CONJ+PREP
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ממשלתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:16-19 (verbal): Direct parallel/near-quotation: Kings records Solomon’s store-cities and the ‘cities of the chariot and of the horse’ and repeats the line about everything Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem, Lebanon and all his realm.
- 1 Kings 10:26-29 (thematic): Describes Solomon’s horses and chariots and their importation/trade—illuminates the reference to ‘cities of the chariot and of the horse’ in Chronicles.
- 1 Kings 9:11-14 (allusion): Account of Hiram giving cities to Solomon (and the naming of those towns)—closely related material about cities and territorial arrangements found also in 2 Chronicles 8.
- 2 Chronicles 8:1-3 (structural): Immediately contiguous material in Chronicles describing Solomon’s building activity (towns, towns given to Hiram, forced labor) and provides the direct narrative context for v.6.
- 1 Kings 4:21 (thematic): Statement of the extent of Solomon’s rule (‘from the River to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt’) parallels Chronicles’ phrase ‘all the land of his dominion,’ linking the building program to his imperial reach.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Baalath and all the store‑cities that Solomon had, and all the cities for his chariots and for his horsemen, and whatever Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem, in Lebanon, and throughout all his dominion.
- He built Baalath and all the store‑cities that belonged to Solomon, and all the chariot cities and the horse cities, and whatever else Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem and in Lebanon and throughout all the land of his dominion.
2 C.8.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הנותר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מן: PREP
- החתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- והאמרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- והפרזי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והחוי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והיבוסי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- מישראל: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:20-21 (quotation): Nearly verbatim parallel in the account of Solomon: lists the same Canaanite peoples 'which were not of Israel' and describes their status under Solomon (forced labor). Chronicles here largely echoes Kings' wording.
- Deuteronomy 7:1 (verbal): Law code listing the nations to be dispossessed (Hittite, Girgashite, Amorite, Canaanite, Perizzite, Hivite, Jebusite); provides the canonical catalogue echoed in historical books.
- Joshua 24:11 (thematic): Joshua recounts how God drove out various Canaanite peoples before Israel (including Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Jebusites), thematically connecting the presence/expulsion of these groups to Israelite settlement.
- Judges 1:21 (thematic): Reports that the Benjamites did not drive out the Jebusites from Jerusalem and so the Jebusites continued to live among Israel—echoes the theme of Canaanite groups remaining within Israelite territory ('not of Israel').
Alternative generated candidates
- All the remnant of the Hittites and Amorites and Perizzites and Hivites and Jebusites—who were not of Israel—these were left.
- All the remnant of the Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites—those who were not of Israel.
2 C.8.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מן: PREP
- בניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נותרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- אחריהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- כלום: PRON,indef
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויעלם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- למס: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:20-23 (verbal): Almost verbatim parallel in the Deuteronomistic/Kings tradition: Solomon conscripts the remnant of the nations that were not destroyed as laborers and subjects.
- 1 Kings 5:13-18 (thematic): Describes Solomon's large corvée/levy of laborers for building projects (temple, palace), echoing the use of non‑Israelite and Israelite labor referenced in 2 Chron 8:8.
- Judges 1:27-36 (thematic): Narrative account of Israel's failure to drive out various Canaanite peoples—provides the wider background for why foreign peoples remained in the land and could later be put to forced service.
- Deuteronomy 20:10-18 (thematic): Law on offering terms to cities taken in war and on putting surviving peoples under tribute or destroying them; gives legal/ethical context for Israel's varying treatment of conquered populations, including servitude.
Alternative generated candidates
- Their children who were left after them in the land, whom Israel had not utterly destroyed, Solomon made them tributaries to this day.
- From their descendants who remained in the land, whom the people of Israel had not been able to destroy completely—Solomon made them forced laborers to this day.
2 C.8.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- לעבדים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- למלאכתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,ms
- כי: CONJ
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- מלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ושרי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- שלישיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ושרי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- רכבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ופרשיו: NOUN,m,pl,poss,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:20-23 (quotation): Direct parallel passage: repeats that Solomon did not levy Israelites as forced labor because they were 'men of war' and his officers, chariot-captains and horsemen (same wording and idea).
- 1 Kings 5:13-16 (thematic): Describes Solomon's labor force and conscription of foreigners and taskmasters for building projects, providing background contrast to why Israelites were not assigned to such labor.
- 1 Kings 10:26-29 (verbal): Discusses Solomon's chariots, horsemen and officials—corresponds to the military/cavalry offices named in 2 Chr 8:9 (chariot captains and horsemen).
- 2 Chronicles 1:14 (structural): Earlier Chronicler passage noting Solomon's large numbers of chariots and horsemen and their organization, echoing the portrayal of Israelite men serving as warriors and chariot/horse officers rather than laborers.
Alternative generated candidates
- But of the sons of Israel Solomon made no slaves; for they were men of war, his chief officers, captains and commanders of his chariots and his horsemen.
- But of the Israelites Solomon did not make forced laborers, for they were warriors and officers of his captains and commanders of his chariots and his horsemen.
2 C.8.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- הנצבים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- חמשים: NUM,card,pl
- ומאתים: NUM,card,pl
- הרדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- בעם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:6-7 (verbal): Parallel account of Solomon's officials: both Chronicles and Kings enumerate the king's officers responsible for the people/household ( Chronicles gives '250' here while Kings emphasizes the administration that provided provisions).
- 1 Kings 9:20-23 (thematic): Both passages describe non‑Israelite peoples made subject to Solomon who supplied labor and servants, and mention officials/overseers involved in organizing that labor.
- 1 Chronicles 27:1-2 (structural): Like 2 Chronicles 8:10 this passage lists officers and military/administrative divisions charged with oversight of the people—comparable organizational framework for royal administration.
- Exodus 18:21-22 (thematic): Jethro's instruction to appoint capable men as officers/judges over the people provides a wider biblical pattern for delegating authority and establishing officials to govern the populace, thematically akin to Solomon's officers.
Alternative generated candidates
- These were the heads of the officers that served King Solomon: two hundred and fifty who were over the people.
- These are the captains of the officers who were under King Solomon—two hundred and fifty, who had charge over the people.
2 C.8.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- העלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,def
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- מעיר: PREP
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תשב: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- בבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- באה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 3:1 (verbal): Near-identical account: Solomon took Pharaoh's daughter and 'brought her into the city of David' and said she should not dwell in the house of David because of the holiness brought by the ark.
- 2 Samuel 6:10-11 (thematic): After Uzzah's death David feared bringing the ark into his house and left it at Obed-edom's—explains the underlying concern about the sanctity of David's household referenced in 2 Chron 8:11.
- 1 Chronicles 13:12-13 (verbal): Parallel narrative to 2 Samuel: David's fear regarding the ark entering his house ('How shall the ark of the LORD come to me?') echoes the reason Solomon gives for housing Pharaoh's daughter elsewhere.
- 1 Kings 11:1-4 (thematic): Notes Solomon's marriages to foreign women (including Pharaoh's daughter) and the negative religious/political consequences—provides broader context for Solomon's foreign marriage and its significance in the Deuteronomistic tradition.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Solomon brought up Pharaoh’s daughter from the city of David to the house that he had built for her; for he said, “My wife shall not dwell in the house of David king of Israel, because the places are holy where the ark of the LORD has come.”
- And Pharaoh's daughter he brought up from the City of David to the house he had built for her, for he said, "My wife shall not live in the house of David the king of Israel, because the places where the ark of the LORD has been are holy."
2 C.8.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אז: ADV
- העלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,def
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- עלות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- מזבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- לפני: PREP
- האולם: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Kings 8:63 (quotation): Nearly identical wording—Solomon offered burnt offerings on the LORD’s altar which he had built before the porch during the temple dedication.
- 1 Kings 8:62-64 (structural): Same dedication scene in Kings: the king and Israel assemble, Solomon prays, and large-scale offerings are made on the altar he built.
- 2 Chronicles 7:4-5 (thematic): Account of the temple dedication and the massive burnt offerings and sacrifices brought after Solomon’s prayer—same cultic event and purpose.
- 2 Chronicles 5:11-14 (thematic): Description of the priests and Levites officiating, offering praise and sacrifices in the temple so that the LORD’s glory fills the house—context for sacrificial activity at the altar.
- 2 Chronicles 29:35 (thematic): Hezekiah’s restoration: the king and people offer burnt offerings and consecrate the altar, echoing the pattern of royal-led offerings at the temple altar.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then Solomon offered burnt offerings to the LORD on the altar of the LORD which he had built before the vestibule.
- Then Solomon offered burnt offerings to the LORD on the altar of the LORD that he had built before the hall.
2 C.8.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובדבר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביום: PREP
- להעלות: VERB,hiphil,inf
- כמצות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לשבתות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ולחדשים: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ולמועדות: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- שלוש: NUM,f,sg,abs
- פעמים: NOUN,m,du,abs
- בשנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בחג: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המצות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ובחג: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השבעות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ובחג: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הסכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
Parallels
- Exodus 23:14-17 (quotation): Mosaic command that the people shall keep three annual festivals (Unleavened Bread/Passover, Weeks, Ingathering/Booths); provides the legal basis for the three-times-per-year requirement in Chronicles.
- Deuteronomy 16:16 (quotation): Explicit injunction that 'all your males' appear before the LORD three times a year at the appointed feasts (Passover, Weeks, Booths); directly echoes the practice described in 2 Chronicles 8:13.
- Exodus 34:23 (quotation): Repeats the requirement that every man appear before the LORD three times a year for the three pilgrimage festivals; closely parallels the phrasing and festivals named in Chronicles.
- Leviticus 23:4-8 (thematic): Leviticus lays out the calendar of sacred times (sabbaths, new moons, appointed festivals including Passover and Booths) that Chronicles says Solomon observed according to Moses' command.
- 1 Kings 9:25 (structural): Narrative parallel in the Deuteronomistic/Kings tradition: reports Solomon observing the festivals/pilgrimages three times a year, providing a direct historiographical parallel to 2 Chronicles 8:13.
Alternative generated candidates
- And according to the daily ordinance he appointed the offerings, as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded: on the Sabbaths, on the new moons, and on the appointed feasts—three times in the year—on the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Booths.
- He established the daily burnt offering as commanded by Moses, for the Sabbaths, the new moons and the appointed festivals—three times each year: the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks and the Feast of Booths.
2 C.8.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויעמד: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- כמשפט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- מחלקות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- על: PREP
- עבדתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,m,pl
- והלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- על: PREP
- משמרותם: NOUN,f,pl,abs,suff:3mp
- להלל: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- ולשרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,infc
- נגד: PREP
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לדבר: INF,qal
- יום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביומו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff,3,m
- והשוערים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- במחלקותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,pl
- לשער: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושער: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- כן: ADV
- מצות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 23:28-32 (thematic): Describes the organization of Levites into divisions and their duties for daily service—parallels 2 Chr 8:14’s assignment of Levites to praise and minister.
- 1 Chronicles 26:1-19 (verbal): Gives the detailed divisions of gatekeepers (porters) 'by their divisions at every gate,' directly paralleling the porters’ duties mentioned in 2 Chr 8:14.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-24 (verbal): Records David’s appointment of Levites to praise and minister before the ark and the setting of porters—an earlier formulation of the same practice cited in 2 Chr 8:14 ('as David the man of God commanded').
- 1 Chronicles 25:1-8 (structural): Details the appointment and organization of the temple musicians by David (and the heads of families), providing the institutional basis for the Levitical praise-service referenced in 2 Chr 8:14.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (allusion): Hezekiah’s restoration of worship places Levites in their musical roles 'according to the commandment of David,' echoing the Norman of 2 Chr 8:14 that David’s instructions govern priestly and Levitical divisions.
Alternative generated candidates
- He assigned, as his father David had done, the divisions of the priests for their service and the Levites for their duties, to praise and to minister before the priests in the daily service; and the gatekeepers by their divisions at every gate—just as David the man of God had commanded.
- He set the divisions of the priests over their service and the Levites over their duties to praise and minister before the priests according to the daily requirement, and the gatekeepers by their divisions at each gate—so had David the man of God commanded.
2 C.8.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולא: CONJ
- סרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מצות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לכל: PREP
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולאצרות: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 23:28-32 (structural): Assignment of Levites to specific duties and service in the house of the LORD, including distribution of responsibilities that parallels Solomon's orders concerning priests/Levites and their work.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20-28 (verbal): Lists gatekeepers and those over the treasuries of the house of God—explicit language about Levites in charge of temple storerooms echoes 2 Chr 8:15's concern with priests/Levites and treasuries.
- Nehemiah 10:39 (verbal): Commands that the singers, porters and temple ministers receive the offerings and bring them into the storerooms—parallels the enforcement of duties and care of the treasuries in 2 Chr 8:15.
- Ezra 6:8-10 (thematic): A royal decree guaranteeing provision and support for the priests and temple service (and provision for offerings/treasuries), comparable to the king's command concerning priests, Levites and the storerooms.
- 2 Chronicles 31:11-12 (thematic): Hezekiah's reform: priests and Levites faithfully bring abundance into the house and storerooms—similar theme of fidelity to royal/temple directives regarding the treasuries and priestly service.
Alternative generated candidates
- The king’s command did not depart from the priests and the Levites in any matter or in regard to the treasuries.
- Nothing of the king's commandment concerning the priests and the Levites, or concerning the treasuries, was set aside.
2 C.8.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותכן: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- כל: DET
- מלאכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מוסד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- כלתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- שלם: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 7:51 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel — both passages state that all the work Solomon did for the house of the LORD was finished.
- 1 Kings 6:38 (structural): Reports the completion of the temple (gives timing and completion language) paralleling Chronicles' statement that the temple work was accomplished.
- 1 Kings 9:1 (thematic): Connects the completion of the temple and royal house with God's subsequent appearance to Solomon, a narrative sequence echoed in Chronicles.
- 2 Chronicles 7:11 (verbal): Internal parallel within Chronicles — likewise declares that Solomon finished the house of the LORD and the king's house, reinforcing the same theme of completion.
Alternative generated candidates
- Thus all the work of Solomon was established from the day of the laying of the foundation of the house of the LORD until its completion was finished.
- Thus all the work of Solomon was ordered from the day of the foundation of the house of the LORD until its completion.
2 C.8.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אז: ADV
- הלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- לעציון: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- גבר: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- אילות: NOUN,prop,f,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- שפת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- אדום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:26 (verbal): Nearly identical wording—Solomon goes to Ezion-geber and to Eloth on the shore of the Red Sea in the land of Edom; introduces his maritime activity.
- 1 Kings 9:28 (structural): Continues the same account: the ships at Ezion-geber (Eloth) make voyages to Ophir and bring back gold—connects the place to Solomon's fleet and trade.
- 1 Kings 10:11–12 (thematic): Speaks of the ships of Hiram and the gold brought from Ophir to Solomon, reflecting the commercial/naval operations launched at Ezion-geber/Eloth.
- 2 Chronicles 8:18 (verbal): Immediate Chronicles parallel/continuation: Hiram sends servants and sailors to join Solomon’s fleet at Ezion-geber/Eloth and they bring gold from Ophir.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then Solomon went to Ezion‑geber and to Eloth, by the sea‑shore in the land of Edom.
- Then Solomon went to Ezion‑geber and to Elath on the shore of the sea in the land of Edom.
2 C.8.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- חורם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עבדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
- אניות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ועבדים: CONJ,NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יודעי: PART,qal,ptcp,m,pl,cons
- ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- עם: PREP
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- אופירה: NOUN,prop,sg,abs
- ויקחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- משם: PREP
- ארבע: NUM,card,f
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- וחמשים: CONJ+NUM,card,pl,m
- ככר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- זהב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויביאו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 9:26-28 (quotation): Near-verbatim parallel: Hiram sends sailors/sea‑men who go to Ophir and bring back 450 talents of gold for King Solomon.
- 1 Kings 10:11 (verbal): Reports the fleet bringing gold (and almug/sandalwood and precious stones) from Ophir to Solomon—same source and cargo as 2 Chr 8:18.
- 1 Kings 10:22 (thematic): Describes Solomon's navy (with Hiram) bringing gold and luxury goods by sea, situating 2 Chr 8:18 within the broader maritime trade network.
- 2 Chronicles 9:21 (thematic): Chronicler's parallel passage describing the Tarshish/Hiram fleets bringing gold, silver and exotic goods to Solomon—reinforces the Hiram–Solomon naval/trade cooperation.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Hiram sent to him by his servants ships and seamen who knew the sea; they came with the servants of Solomon to Ophir and took from there four hundred and fifty talents of gold and brought them to King Solomon.
- Hiram sent to him, by the hand of his servants, vessels and sailors experienced in the sea; they went with Solomon's servants to Ophir and brought back four hundred and fifty talents of gold and delivered it to King Solomon.
At the end of twenty years—during which Solomon built the house of the LORD and his own palace—
the cities that Hiram had given to Solomon, Solomon rebuilt; and he settled the people of Israel in them.
Solomon went to Hamath-zobah and secured it.
He rebuilt Tadmor in the wilderness and all the store-cities that he had built at Hamath.
He rebuilt Upper Beth-horon and Lower Beth-horon—fortified cities with walls, gates, and bars.
He rebuilt Baalath and all the store-cities that belonged to Solomon, and all the chariot-cities and the cavalry towns, and every place Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem, in Lebanon, and throughout all the territory of his dominion.
All the remnant of the people—of the Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites—who were not of Israel,
and the descendants of those peoples who remained in the land after them, whom the Israelites had not wholly dispossessed, Solomon subjected to forced labor to this day. But of the Israelites Solomon did not assign to forced labor, for they were men of war, officers of his command, and leaders of his chariots and horsemen.
These are the officers set over King Solomon: two hundred and fifty who ruled the people.
Solomon brought up Pharaoh’s daughter from the City of David into the house he had built for her; for he said, “My wife shall not dwell in the house of David, the king of Israel, because the place where the ark of the LORD came is holy.”
Then Solomon offered burnt offerings to the LORD on the altar of the LORD that he had built before the porch.
At the appointed times, day by day, he offered according to the command of Moses on the Sabbaths, on the New Moons, and at the appointed feasts—three times in the year: the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Booths.
As David his father had done, he established the divisions of the priests for their service and the Levites for their duties to praise and to minister before the priests day by day; and the gatekeepers in their divisions at each gate—for this was the ordinance of David the man of God.
Nor did the king’s command concerning the priests and the Levites—over every matter and over the treasuries—ever lapse. Thus all the work of Solomon was established until the day the house of the LORD was founded and the house of the king was completed.
Then Solomon went to Ezion-geber and to Elath on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.
Huram sent him, by the hand of his servants, ships and sailors who knew the sea; they went with Solomon’s servants to Ophir and brought back from there four hundred and fifty talents of gold, and brought them to King Solomon.