Job's Lament and Plea for a Mediator

Job 16:1-17:16

About APB

Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 Then Job answered and said:

Job.16.1 - Details

Original Text

ויען איוב ויאמר׃

Morphology

  • ויען: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Job 6:1 (verbal): Begins with the same speech-introduction formula (ויאמר איוב), marking the start of another extended reply by Job to his friends.
  • Job 9:1 (structural): Another instance where Job's words are formally introduced (ויאמר איוב), serving the same dialogical function of launching a theological reflection on God's justice.
  • Job 10:1 (thematic): Though phrased differently, this verse opens a direct lament addressed to God and continues themes of complaint and desire for vindication found after the speech-introduction in 16:1.
  • Job 17:1 (structural): Yet another speech-opening formula introducing Job's continued lament and defense; parallels 16:1 in the book's recurrent pattern of speech markers delimiting Job's responses.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then Job answered and said:
  • Then Job answered and said:
2 I have heard many such things; your consolations are all weariness.

Job.16.2 - Details

Original Text

שמעתי כאלה רבות מנחמי עמל כלכם׃

Morphology

  • שמעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • כאלה: DEM,f,pl
  • רבות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
  • מנחמי: NOUN,m,pl,poss1s
  • עמל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כלכם: PRON,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Job 13:4 (verbal): Same context of rebuking the friends' counsel—Job calls his friends worthless/ineffective ("worthless physicians"), paralleling "miserable comforters are you all."
  • Lamentations 1:16 (thematic): Lament over the absence/failure of comforters—"the comforter that should relieve me is far from me" echoes Job's complaint about useless consolers.
  • Jeremiah 6:14 (thematic): Leaders proclaiming false or shallow consolation ("Peace, peace, when there is no peace") parallels the idea of miserable or deceptive comfort offered to the suffering.
  • Proverbs 25:20 (thematic): Simile condemning inappropriate consolation (singing to a broken heart; removing a garment in cold) illustrates the futility and harm of ill-suited comfort, akin to Job's accusation.
  • Psalm 55:12-14 (thematic): Complaint about betrayal/failure by a close companion who should offer support—parallels Job's lament that those around him provide no real comfort.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I have heard many such things; you are all consolers of toil.
  • I have heard many such things; you are all wearisome comforters.
3 Are you exhausted with empty words? What stirs you to reply?

Job.16.3 - Details

Original Text

הקץ לדברי־ רוח או מה־ ימריצך כי תענה׃

Morphology

  • הקץ: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
  • לדברי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cstr
  • רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • או: CONJ
  • מה: PRON,int
  • ימריצך: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • תענה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • James 1:19 (thematic): Admonishes restraint in speech—'be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath'—echoing Job's rebuke to cease provocative, windy words.
  • Psalm 39:1 (verbal): The psalmist resolves to guard his tongue ('I will take heed to my ways... I will keep my mouth with a bridle'), paralleling Job's call to stop empty speech.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:2 (thematic): Warns against haste of mouth and rash words before God; similar concern for avoiding unwise, provocative utterance as in Job 16:3.
  • Proverbs 10:19 (verbal): 'In the multitude of words there wanteth not sin' connects to Job's criticism of 'words of wind'—excessive speech that provokes error or offense.
  • Proverbs 26:20 (thematic): 'Where no wood is, there the fire goeth out'—the idea that silence (absence of combustible words) ends strife resonates with Job's call to cease speaking.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Are these words of wind to be at an end? Or what drives you that you answer?
  • Are there no bounds to windy words? What stirs you to reply?
4 I too could speak as you do. If your life were under my life, I would lay a charge against you with words and shake you with the palms of my hands.

Job.16.4 - Details

Original Text

גם ׀ אנכי ככם אדברה לו־ יש נפשכם תחת נפשי אחבירה עליכם במלים ואניעה עליכם במו ראשי׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • אנכי: PRON,1,sg
  • ככם: PREP+PRON,2mp
  • אדברה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • יש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • נפשכם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:2,m,pl
  • תחת: PREP
  • נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
  • אחבירה: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
  • עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
  • במלים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ואניעה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
  • עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
  • במו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg

Parallels

  • Job 16:2-3 (structural): Immediate context: Job accuses his friends of vain words and miserable comfort, setting up the retort in 16:4.
  • Job 6:14 (thematic): Contrasts expected compassion from a friend toward the afflicted with the harsh, unsympathetic speech Job experiences from his companions.
  • Psalm 55:12-14 (thematic): Laments betrayal and reproach from a close companion—paralleling Job's complaint about friends who answer harshly instead of consoling.
  • Proverbs 18:2 (thematic): Describes one who values speaking over understanding—echoes the critique of those who respond with empty, self‑assured words.
  • Proverbs 18:13 (verbal): Warns against answering before hearing; parallels Job's charge that his friends speak rashly and without true empathy.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I too could speak as you do. If your soul were in my soul, I could heap words against you and shake my head at you.
  • I, too, could speak as you do. If your soul were in my soul's place, I would heap words against you and shake my head at you with my hand.
5 I would seize you by the throat with my mouth; the breath of my lips would make you faint.

Job.16.5 - Details

Original Text

אאמצכם במו־ פי וניד שפתי יחשך׃

Morphology

  • אאמצכם: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
  • במו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • פי: NOUN,m,sg,construct
  • וניד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שפתי: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • יחשך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Job 16:2 (structural): Immediate context—Job earlier calls his friends “miserable comforters,” framing his remark about offering consolation by contrast with their failed comfort.
  • Job 6:14 (thematic): Speaks of the proper role of a friend to show pity to the afflicted; contrasts Job’s claim to offer soothing words with friends who have not done so.
  • Proverbs 12:25 (thematic): “Anxiety in a man’s heart weighs him down, but a good word makes him glad”—parallels the idea that words from the lips can relieve pain or sorrow.
  • Proverbs 25:11 (verbal): “A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold”—emphasizes the power and appropriateness of speech to comfort, echoing Job’s appeal to solace through his lips.
  • Isaiah 50:4 (allusion): God gives the servant “a word in season to him who is weary,” resonating with the motif that timely speech can strengthen and sustain the afflicted.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I could strengthen you with my mouth, and the comfort of my lips would assuage you.
  • I would strengthen you with my mouth, and the tip of my lips would give you comfort.
6 Yet if I speak, my pain is not diminished; and if I refrain, what do I gain?

Job.16.6 - Details

Original Text

אם־ אדברה לא־ יחשך כאבי ואחדלה מה־ מני יהלך׃

Morphology

  • אם: CONJ
  • אדברה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יחשך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כאבי: NOUN,m,sg,suff+1
  • ואחדלה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • מה: PRON,int
  • מני: PREP+PRON,1,_,sg
  • יהלך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 32:3-4 (verbal): Speaks of keeping silent and the resulting internal torment—'When I kept silence, my bones waxed old through my roaring all the day long'—paralleling Job's point that speaking does not relieve his pain and refraining brings no gain.
  • Psalm 39:2-3 (verbal): Describes holding one's peace while inward anguish burns ('I was mute with silence... my heart was hot within me'), echoing Job's dilemma that neither speech nor silence eases his suffering.
  • Jeremiah 20:9 (thematic): Jeremiah resolves not to speak because of reproach but finds God's word a 'burning fire' in his heart compelling him to speak—similar theme of being forced between silence and speech while suffering.
  • Psalm 38:9-10 (thematic): Expresses persistent distress and gloom despite silence or withdrawal ('all my lovers and friends stand aloof... I am ready to halt, and my sorrow is continually before me'), resonating with Job's claim that neither speaking nor holding back removes his pain.

Alternative generated candidates

  • If I speak, my pain is not eased; and if I forbear, what will become of me?
  • If I speak, my pain is not eased; and if I hold back, what will become of me?
7 But now I have become a byword among all my company; I am a song for them.

Job.16.7 - Details

Original Text

אך־ עתה הלאני השמות כל־ עדתי׃

Morphology

  • אך: PART
  • עתה: ADV
  • הלאני: PART+PRON,1,sg
  • השמות: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • כל: DET
  • עדתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss1s

Parallels

  • Psalm 44:14 (verbal): Uses the language of being made a byword/reproach among the peoples—closely parallels Job’s complaint about public humiliation.
  • Psalm 22:7-8 (thematic): Depicts derision and mockery by onlookers (‘they laugh me to scorn’), comparable to Job’s experience of being ridiculed before his community.
  • Psalm 31:11 (thematic): Speaks of becoming a reproach and an object of scorn to neighbours—a similar motif of social shame and isolation.
  • Psalm 69:12 (verbal): Describes being spoken against in the gates and made a song of drunkards—another vivid image of public contempt akin to Job’s charge.
  • Isaiah 53:3 (thematic): Summarizes the motif of being despised, rejected, and a man of sorrows; thematically parallels Job’s portrayal of suffering and shame before others.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But now you have wearied me; you have made me a byword among all my company.
  • But now he has made me a byword of the people; I have become their object of scorn.
8 They hem me in so that I cannot pass; my opponent rises up against me like a warrior.

Job.16.8 - Details

Original Text

ותקמטני לעד היה ויקם בי כחשי בפני יענה׃

Morphology

  • ותקמטני: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
  • לעד: ADV
  • היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ויקם: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • בי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • כחשי: NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • בפני: PREP
  • יענה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 22:7-8 (thematic): Both passages depict the speaker as an object of mockery and scorn before onlookers—‘all who see me mock me’ parallels being set up and opposed before others.
  • Job 30:1-10 (structural): Within the same book Job laments a similar experience of disgrace and contempt—young men mock and trample him, paralleling the theme of being opposed and made a byword.
  • Psalm 35:11 (verbal): Describes malicious witnesses rising up and opposing the innocent—language of enemies rising against the speaker echoes the sense of adversaries standing up against Job.
  • Isaiah 53:3 (thematic): The suffering servant is ‘despised and rejected,’ a thematic parallel to being made a byword and the object of scorn and opposition.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he has wrenched me; he has risen against me as a fierce one; he answers me for a lie.
  • They hem me in as a mark; they set me up and rise against me as adversaries.
9 His wrath rages like a ravening beast; he gnashes his teeth at me; my enemies tighten their grip and sharpen their eyes against me.

Job.16.9 - Details

Original Text

אפו טרף ׀ וישטמני חרק עלי בשניו צרי ׀ ילטוש עיניו לי׃

Morphology

  • אפו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff3ms
  • טרף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וישטמני: VERB,qal,perf,3,sg
  • חרק: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • בשניו: PREP
  • צרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ילטוש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עיניו: NOUN,f,pl,suff
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 35:16 (verbal): Enemies are described as gnas hing/gnashing their teeth at the speaker — a close verbal parallel to Job's 'my adversary gnashes at me with his teeth.'
  • Psalm 37:12 (verbal): The wicked 'gnash their teeth' at the righteous; parallels the image of hostile foes showing violent, tooth‑gnashing enmity in Job 16:9.
  • Matthew 8:12 (allusion): The New Testament phrase 'weeping and gnashing of teeth' echoes the hostile, teeth‑gnashing imagery of biblical enemies — an eschatological reuse of the same hostile motif.
  • Psalm 58:6 (thematic): Speaks of teeth and fangs as instruments of violence ('break the teeth in their mouths'), connecting to Job's imagery of being torn/attacked by an enemy's teeth and wrath.

Alternative generated candidates

  • His fury tears me, he counts me as his enemy; he gnashes at me with his teeth; my adversaries open their eyes against me.
  • His anger devours; he hates me, and his jaws gnash at me; my enemy sharpens his eyes against me.
10 They open their mouths against me with insult; they strike at my life—together they set upon me.

Job.16.10 - Details

Original Text

פערו עלי ׀ בפיהם בחרפה הכו לחיי יחד עלי יתמלאון׃

Morphology

  • פערו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • בפיהם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl+PRON,3,m,pl
  • בחרפה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הכו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • לחיי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • יחד: ADV
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • יתמלאון: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Isaiah 50:6 (verbal): Both speak of being struck on the cheek and publicly humiliated—Isaiah: “I gave my back to the smiters…my cheeks to those who plucked off the hair,” echoing Job’s ‘they smote me on the cheek’ imagery.
  • Job 30:10 (structural): Intra‑book parallel: Job again describes contempt and physical insult—‘they abhor me…they spit in my face’—closely related thematically and rhetorically to 16:10.
  • Psalm 35:15 (verbal): Psalmist complains of enemies gloating and gathering against him—‘they gaped at me and gathered themselves together’—echoing Job’s language of mouths opened in scorn and enemies assembling.
  • Psalm 22:7–8 (thematic): The psalm depicts public mockery—‘all who see me mock me; they make mouths at me’—paralleling Job’s experience of reproach and derision.
  • Matthew 26:67 (allusion): The mob’s spitting and striking of Jesus (‘they spat in his face and struck him’) recalls the motif of humiliation and blows found in Job 16:10, a later New Testament echo of prophetic/Suffering‑Servant motifs.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They open their mouths against me with reproach; they strike at my life; together they gloat over me.
  • They open their mouths wide against me in reproach; they strike me upon the cheek with contempt—together they gape at me.
11 He delivers me over to a godless man, and hands me to the wicked.

Job.16.11 - Details

Original Text

יסגירני אל אל עויל ועל־ ידי רשעים ירטני׃

Morphology

  • יסגירני: VERB,hiphil,impf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • אל: NEG
  • עויל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועל: CONJ+PREP
  • ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ירטני: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Judges 2:14 (verbal): Uses the same motif/verb of God handing/selling Israel into the hand(s) of enemies — God ‘delivering’ people into the power of hostile nations as judgment.
  • Judges 6:1 (verbal): The LORD ‘delivered’ Israel into the hand of Midian; a near-verbal parallel of divine handing over to hostile peoples who oppress the righteous.
  • Judges 3:8 (verbal): Israel is ‘sold’ into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim — another instance of the language and theme of God giving his people into the hands of enemies.
  • Romans 1:24 (thematic): Paul speaks of God ‘giving them up’ to sinful passions — a theological parallel in which God hands people over, here to moral corruption rather than hostile men.
  • Matthew 27:2 (thematic): Jesus is ‘delivered’ to Pilate (and thus to crucifixion) — a New Testament instance of the motif of being handed over to hostile/wicked agents.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He has delivered me over to the arm of the violent; and in the hands of the wicked he has cast me.
  • He has delivered me into the hand of the ruthless, and by the hands of the wicked they seize me.
12 When I was at peace, he shattered me; he seized me by the hair and dashed me; he set me up as his target.

Job.16.12 - Details

Original Text

שלו הייתי ׀ ויפרפרני ואחז בערפי ויפצפצני ויקימני לו למטרה׃

Morphology

  • שלו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • הייתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • ויפרפרני: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • ואחז: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • בערפי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,1
  • ויפצפצני: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • ויקימני: VERB,hiphil,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • למטרה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Lamentations 3:12 (verbal): Uses the same image of God making the sufferer a 'target/mark' for attack — 'He has bent his bow and set me as a mark,' closely paralleling 'set me as his mark.'
  • Job 19:11–12 (thematic): Job here similarly complains of being broken, pursued and stripped of hope by God and men — the theme of divine assault and humiliation mirrors 16:12.
  • Job 16:8–11 (structural): Immediate context in Job's speech: these verses describe the same actions (seizing, tearing, shaking, stripping) and form a continuous depiction of God’s violent treatment of Job.
  • Psalm 22:6–8 (thematic): The psalmist depicts himself as despised, mocked and made an object of scorn/attack — thematically parallel to being set up as a target and assaulted in Job 16:12.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I was at ease, and he shattered me; he took me by the neck and dashed me in pieces; he set me up as his target.
  • When I was at ease, he shattered me; he seized me by the neck, dashed me apart, and set me as his target.
13 His ranks encircled me; they pierced my kidneys—no pity they showed; they poured out my gall upon the ground.

Job.16.13 - Details

Original Text

יסבו עלי ׀ רביו יפלח כליותי ולא יחמול ישפך לארץ מררתי׃

Morphology

  • יסבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • רביו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,ms
  • יפלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כליותי: NOUN,f,pl,poss1
  • ולא: CONJ
  • יחמול: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ישפך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מררתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 22:16-18 (verbal): Enemy violence and bodily piercing imagery (’they pierced my hands and my feet’ / gaping mouths) resonates with Job’s language of being pierced in his inward parts and attacked by foes.
  • Psalm 69:20-21 (verbal): The psalmist’s experience of reproach and being given ‘sour wine’/poison parallels Job’s image of adversaries pouring out his bitterness and showing no mercy.
  • Lamentations 3:19-20 (verbal): Lamentations explicitly pairs ‘bitterness’ and ‘gall’ with personal affliction, echoing Job’s complaint that his bitterness is poured out to the ground.
  • Isaiah 53:4-5 (thematic): The motif of suffering borne in the body—wounding and piercing—parallels Job’s depiction of visceral, bodily attack by adversaries, though in a different theological context.

Alternative generated candidates

  • His companies encamp around me; they pierce my kidneys; they show me no mercy; they pour out my gall upon the ground.
  • My company turn aside from me; they pluck at my inward parts and show me no mercy; they pour out my gall upon the ground.
14 A breach burst upon a breach; by force he ran at me like a mighty man.

Job.16.14 - Details

Original Text

יפרצני פרץ על־ פני־ פרץ ירץ עלי כגבור׃

Morphology

  • יפרצני: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • פרץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • פרץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ירץ: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • כגבור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Job 16:9 (structural): Immediate context in the same speech—Job continues to portray God (or his persecutors) as physically seizing and attacking him, a direct structural parallel to the image of being broken and run upon.
  • Job 6:4 (verbal): Uses violent, bodily attack imagery (‘the arrows of the Almighty are within me’); parallels Job 16:14’s metaphor of being assaulted and broken by a mighty aggressor.
  • Psalm 74:3-6 (thematic): Describes enemies breaching and profaning the sanctuary with force (cutting, smashing), echoing the ‘breach upon breach’/siege imagery of repeated breaking in Job 16:14.
  • Psalm 22:16 (thematic): Presents a vivid personal assault on the sufferer’s body (‘they have pierced my hands and feet’), paralleling Job’s experience of being violently overrun and afflicted like a warrior attacking him.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They break me with breach upon breach; they run upon me like a warrior.
  • Break upon break rushes over me; it rushes against me like a warrior.
15 I have sewn sackcloth upon my skin and buried my horn in the dust.

Job.16.15 - Details

Original Text

שק תפרתי עלי גלדי ועללתי בעפר קרני׃

Morphology

  • שק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תפרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • גלדי: NOUN,m,pl,abs,1,sg
  • ועללתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • בעפר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קרני: NOUN,f,sg,suff1

Parallels

  • Job 2:12 (structural): Friends tear their clothes and sprinkle dust on their heads and sit with Job in mourning—same ritual context of dust/sackcloth as signs of mourning and humiliation.
  • Psalm 35:13 (verbal): ‘My clothing was sackcloth’ (Hebrew imagery of sackcloth on the body) parallels Job’s language of sewing sackcloth upon his skin as self-humiliation.
  • Jonah 3:5-8 (thematic): The people of Nineveh put on sackcloth and sat in ashes—a communal instance of sackcloth/ashes used to express repentance and humiliation, echoing Job’s gesture.
  • Daniel 9:3 (thematic): Daniel seeks God with prayer, fasting, and sackcloth—uses sackcloth as a penitential/humiliating practice like Job’s self-lowering.
  • Jeremiah 6:26 (verbal): ‘Put on sackcloth, roll in ashes’—the pairing of sackcloth and dust/ashes mirrors Job’s image of sackcloth upon his skin and laying low (horn in the dust).

Alternative generated candidates

  • I have sewn sackcloth upon my skin, and my face is poured out with dust.
  • I have sewn sackcloth upon my skin; I have thrust my horn into the dust.
16 My face is wasted from weeping; and dark shadows rest upon my eyelids.

Job.16.16 - Details

Original Text

פני חמרמרו מני־ בכי ועל עפעפי צלמות׃

Morphology

  • פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • חמרמרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מני: PREP+PRON,1,_,sg
  • בכי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועל: CONJ+PREP
  • עפעפי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • צלמות: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Job 10:21 (verbal): Uses the same imagery of 'darkness' and the 'shadow of death' as a surrounding reality; both verses employ tsalmavet language to describe immanent gloom and the approach of death.
  • Psalm 23:4 (allusion): Speaks of the 'valley of the shadow of death' (tsalmavet); parallels the motif of death-shadow as an oppressive darkness touching the sufferer's eyes/way.
  • Psalm 6:7 (thematic): Describes continual weeping that soaks the bed ('I water my couch with my tears'), thematically parallel to Job's face marred by weeping and the physical marks of grief.
  • Lamentations 3:49-50 (verbal): 'Mine eye runneth down with rivers of water' — similar ocular imagery of eyes overflowing with tears and the bodily effects of prolonged sorrow.
  • Psalm 42:3 (thematic): 'My tears have been my food day and night' — parallels the idea of incessant weeping and the consuming, bodily nature of grief reflected in Job's swollen face and darkened eyelids.

Alternative generated candidates

  • My face is foul from weeping, and on my eyelids is darkness.
  • My face is foul from weeping, and darkness covers my eyelids.
17 For there is no violence in my hands; my prayer is pure.

Job.16.17 - Details

Original Text

על לא־ חמס בכפי ותפלתי זכה׃

Morphology

  • על: PREP
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • חמס: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בכפי: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,?,sg
  • ותפלתי: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+1s
  • זכה: ADJ,f,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 18:20 (verbal): Speaks of being rewarded according to the cleanness of one's hands—parallel verbal motif of 'clean/pure hands' and innocence like Job's 'no violence in my hands.'
  • Psalm 24:4 (verbal): 'He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart' uses the same paired imagery of clean hands and purity that echoes Job's claim and his 'pure' prayer.
  • Psalm 26:6 (verbal): 'I will wash my hands in innocency'—a closely related image of hands free from wrongdoing, matching Job's protest of no violence in his hands.
  • Job 27:5-6 (structural): Within the same book Job again insists on personal integrity and innocence ('my righteousness I hold fast'), thematically reinforcing 16:17's claim of clean hands and a pure plea.
  • Acts 24:16 (thematic): Paul's desire to maintain a conscience 'void of offence toward God and men' echoes the ethical/theological theme of claiming innocence and a pure prayer found in Job 16:17.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Not from violence are my hands, and my prayer is pure.
  • For I have not put forth violence in my hands; my prayer is pure.
18 O earth, do not cover my blood; and let my cry find no resting place.

Job.16.18 - Details

Original Text

ארץ אל־ תכסי דמי ואל־ יהי מקום לזעקתי׃

Morphology

  • ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • תכסי: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
  • דמי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
  • ואל: CONJ+PREP
  • יהי: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
  • מקום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לזעקתי: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs,1cs

Parallels

  • Genesis 4:10 (verbal): Abel's blood 'cries' from the ground—direct verbal and thematic parallel to Job's plea that the earth not cover his blood and that his cry be heard.
  • Numbers 35:33 (thematic): The land is defiled by shed blood and demands atonement/justice; echoes Job's concern about blood on the earth and the pursuit of vindication.
  • Matthew 23:35 (quotation): Jesus cites 'the blood of Abel' as having cried from the ground (quoting Genesis), connecting the New Testament witness to the Old Testament motif of blood crying for justice, as in Job.
  • Revelation 6:9-10 (thematic): The souls of the slain cry aloud for vindication; parallels Job's plaint that his blood not be hidden and his cry for justice before God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Earth, do not cover my blood; let my outcry have no resting place.
  • O earth, do not cover my blood; let there be no place for my cry to be hidden.
19 Even now—look—my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.

Job.16.19 - Details

Original Text

גם־ עתה הנה־ בשמים עדי ושהדי במרומים׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • עתה: ADV
  • הנה: PART
  • בשמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • עדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושהדי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs
  • במרומים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,def

Parallels

  • Job 16:20-21 (structural): Immediate context in Job's speech: he appeals for a pleader/advocate and laments friends — continuation of the same complaint about needing a witness/pleader before God.
  • Deuteronomy 30:19 (thematic): Moses calling 'heaven and earth' to be witnesses parallels the motif of heaven serving as a witness or record in covenantal or legal settings.
  • Malachi 3:16 (allusion): The image of a record or memorial being kept 'before the LORD' (a heavenly register/witness) echoes Job's claim of a witness in the heavens.
  • 1 John 2:1 (verbal): Uses the term 'Advocate/Paraclete' (παράκλητος) with the Father — parallels Job's notion of an advocate/pleader on high interceding for the sufferer.
  • Romans 8:34 (thematic): Speaks of Christ at the right hand of God who intercedes for believers; resonates with Job's claim that a pleader/advocate is on high.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Even now, behold, my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.
  • For now, behold, my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.
20 My friends mock me; to God my eye pours out tears.

Job.16.20 - Details

Original Text

מליצי רעי אל־ אלוה דלפה עיני׃

Morphology

  • מליצי: NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • רעי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • אל: NEG
  • אלוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דלפה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • עיני: NOUN,f,pl,cons+1s

Parallels

  • Job 19:19 (verbal): Same setting of friends turning against the sufferer—'all my intimate friends abhor me' echoes Job's complaint that his companions scorn him.
  • Psalm 6:6 (verbal): Both speak of copious weeping directed before God—'every night I flood my bed with tears' parallels Job's image of his eye pouring out to God.
  • Psalm 42:3 (thematic): Links persistent weeping and the taunts of others—'my tears have been my food... while they say to me continually, Where is your God?' resonates with Job's weeping before God amid the derision of companions.
  • Lamentations 3:49-51 (allusion): The speaker's eyes failing from tears and enemies opening their mouths against him parallels Job's intense lamentation and the hostility of those around him.

Alternative generated candidates

  • My friend is my one who pleads for me; my eyes pour out tears to God,
  • My friends scorn me; yet my eye pours out tears to God.
21 Would that a man might argue with God, as a man argues with his neighbor!

Job.16.21 - Details

Original Text

ויוכח לגבר עם־ אלוה ובן־ אדם לרעהו׃

Morphology

  • ויוכח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לגבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עם: PREP
  • אלוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לרעהו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,poss3ms

Parallels

  • Job 9:33 (thematic): Speaks of the absence of a mediator/daysman between God and man—parallel to Job's wish for someone to plead between him and God.
  • Job 13:3 (verbal): Job explicitly expresses the desire to argue or reason with God and state his case—a close verbal/thematic echo of pleading with God as one pleads with a neighbor.
  • Isaiah 1:18 (verbal): God invites humans to 'let us reason together'—language and the idea of arguing/pleading a case closely parallel Job's wish for a human-like plea between him and God.
  • Proverbs 18:17 (thematic): Uses legal/neighborly imagery about pleading a cause and being examined by another—parallels the courtroom/neighborly plea motif in Job 16:21.

Alternative generated candidates

  • that a man may be tried with God, and as a son with his neighbor.
  • Would that a man might plead with God, even as a man pleads with his neighbor!
22 For the number of my months has drawn near, and my path will not return; I shall go where I do not return.

Job.16.22 - Details

Original Text

כי־ שנות מספר יאתיו וארח לא־ אשוב אהלך׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • שנות: NOUN,f,pl,cs
  • מספר: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • יאתיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • וארח: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אשוב: VERB,qal,impf,1,?,sg
  • אהלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2fs

Parallels

  • Job 14:5 (verbal): Speaks of the "number" of a man's days/months being appointed — close verbal parallel to the image of years being numbered in Job 16:22.
  • Psalm 39:5 (thematic): Laments the brevity of life — "Thou hast made my days as an handbreadth" — thematically echoes the sense of few, numbered years and mortality.
  • Psalm 90:10 (thematic): States the typical span of human life ("the days of our years are threescore years and ten"), reflecting the theme of limited, numbered years found in Job 16:22.
  • Isaiah 38:12–13 (thematic): Hezekiah's lament that his days have departed and he will not return echoes the motif of life's end and the disappearance of years expressed in Job 16:22.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For the number of my days is few, and what remains will pass away; go I to the road from which I shall not return.
  • For his appointed days will come to me, and I shall not return; I will walk the road from which there is no return.
1 My spirit is broken; my days are extinguished—graves are ready for me.

Job.17.1 - Details

Original Text

רוחי חבלה ימי נזעכו קברים לי׃

Morphology

  • רוחי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
  • חבלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • נזעכו: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,pl
  • קברים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg

Parallels

  • Job 10:20-22 (verbal): Speaks of few days and a desire to be left alone before going 'to the land of darkness and the shadow of death,' echoing Job 17:1's sense of exhausted days and impending grave.
  • Job 14:10-12 (thematic): Reflects the theme of human mortality—man dies and returns to the earth; thoughts perish when the breath departs—paralleling the image of days ending and the grave prepared.
  • Psalm 88:3-5 (thematic): Describes life drawing near to the grave and being numbered with those who go down to the pit, closely matching the grave-imagery and hopeless tone of Job 17:1.
  • Isaiah 38:10-11 (allusion): Hezekiah laments that his days are ended and he will go to the gates of the grave; the language of dying days and the grave resonates with Job's complaint in 17:1.
  • Psalm 31:10 (verbal): Speaks of life spent in grief and years consumed with sighing, with strength failing—paralleling Job 17:1's depiction of a broken/spoiled spirit and exhausted days.

Alternative generated candidates

  • My spirit is broken; my days are extinguished; the grave is ready for me.
  • My breath is broken; my days are cut off; the graves are ready for me.
2 If you do not support me, and if, under their reproaches, my eye fails,

Job.17.2 - Details

Original Text

אם־ לא התלים עמדי ובהמרותם תלן עיני׃

Morphology

  • אם: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • התלים: VERB,hitpael,perf,3,m,pl
  • עמדי: PREP+1cs
  • ובהמרותם: PREP
  • תלן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עיני: NOUN,f,pl,cons+1s

Parallels

  • Job 16:2 (verbal): Same context of Job reproaching his 'comforters' — an immediate verbal and thematic continuation of his complaint that his friends give no real support.
  • Job 16:20 (thematic): Job speaks of friends scorning him and of his eyes pouring out tears; parallels the image of failing/dimmed eyes and the emotional hurt caused by friends.
  • Psalm 6:7 (verbal): The psalmist says 'my eye grows dim with sorrow,' using similar language of the eyes failing under grief.
  • Psalm 88:9 (thematic): A communal lament that images eyes wasting away and the speaker's sense of abandonment — parallels Job's portrayal of physical decline and isolation.
  • Psalm 41:9 (thematic): Speaks of betrayal by a close companion who fails him; thematically parallels Job's complaint about friends who do not uphold or support him.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Are there not mockers with me, and does not my eye dwell on their provocations?
  • Are there not mockers with me, and do not my eyes endure their provocation?
3 set a surety for me with you—who is there that will put forth his hand for me?

Job.17.3 - Details

Original Text

שימה־ נא ערבני עמך מי הוא לידי יתקע׃

Morphology

  • שימה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • נא: PART
  • ערבני: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs
  • עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • לידי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • יתקע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Proverbs 17:18 (verbal): Uses the same imagery of ‘striking hands’/becoming surety — a verbal parallel about entering a binding pledge or guaranty.
  • Proverbs 6:1-5 (thematic): Warnings about becoming surety or striking hands for another; thematically parallels Job’s appeal for a guarantor and the dangers of pledging oneself.
  • Proverbs 22:26-27 (thematic): Advises against acting as surety or striking hands for debts — a thematic echo of Job’s concern about finding a pledge or sponsor.
  • Ruth 4:7-8 (structural): Describes the customary legal action used to confirm transactions/redeem land (removal of a sandal, public act between parties) — a structural parallel to Job’s appeal for a formal pledging/guarantee.
  • Deuteronomy 24:10-13 (structural): Regulates the taking and handling of a pledge in legal transactions; connects to Job’s language of laying down a pledge/guarantor in a legal/social sense.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Lay a pledge for me with you; who is there that will put up security for me?
  • Set a surety for me with you—who is there that will strike hands with me?
4 For you have shut their heart from understanding; therefore you will not lift them up.

Job.17.4 - Details

Original Text

כי־ לבם צפנת משכל על־ כן לא תרמם׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • לבם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
  • צפנת: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משכל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • כן: ADV
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תרמם: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 14:1 (verbal): Both speak of an inward disposition ('in his heart') that rejects God/wisdom; Job 17:4 says the heart hides understanding so they do not exalt him, parallel to the fool who says in his heart there is no God.
  • Romans 1:21 (thematic): Paul describes people who, though knowing God, did not glorify him but became vain in their thinking—echoing Job's point that an inwardly fixed mind/heart leads to failure to exalt God.
  • Proverbs 1:7 (thematic): Proverbs links true knowledge with fear of the LORD and contrasts it with those who despise wisdom; this parallels Job's remark that a heart that stores up its own understanding refuses to honor God.
  • Isaiah 29:13 (allusion): Isaiah condemns external piety while the heart is distant from God—like Job's observation that concealed human wisdom results in not exalting the LORD.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For you have hidden their heart from understanding; therefore you will not exalt them.
  • For you have shut up their heart from understanding; therefore you will not exalt them.
5 He assigns the wicked their portion, and their children's eyes will waste away.

Job.17.5 - Details

Original Text

לחלק יגיד רעים ועיני בניו תכלנה׃

Morphology

  • לחלק: VERB,qal,inf
  • יגיד: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,sg
  • רעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ועיני: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • תכלנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl

Parallels

  • Job 19:17 (thematic): Within Job: speaker complains of being abandoned and despised by relatives and friends — parallels the theme of social rejection and loss of family/Joy in 17:5.
  • Psalm 22:6-8 (verbal): Psalmic language of contempt and humiliation (“a worm... scorned by men”) parallels Job’s imagery of reproach and the degradation of the sufferer.
  • Psalm 109:13-15 (thematic): An imprecatory text praying that a man’s children be bereaved and his line cut off — thematically parallels the misfortune and loss of offspring implied in Job 17:5.
  • Deuteronomy 28:32 (thematic): Part of the covenant curses describing loss and dispossession of sons and daughters — echoes the motif of offspring taken away or diminished as a consequence of disaster in Job 17:5.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He who is at ease has been plundered of his friends, and the children of his house have been left desolate.
  • One who flatters his friends will make even the eyes of his children fail.
6 He has made me a byword among the nations; I am a taunt among the peoples.

Job.17.6 - Details

Original Text

והצגני למשל עמים ותפת לפנים אהיה׃

Morphology

  • והצגני: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • למשל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עמים: NOUN,pl,m,abs
  • ותפת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לפנים: PREP
  • אהיה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg

Parallels

  • Job 12:4 (verbal): Same speaker earlier calls himself a laughingstock to his friends—parallel language of being mocked and scorned within the book.
  • Job 30:9-10 (thematic): Describes younger men mocking and jeering at Job; parallels the theme of being publicly ridiculed and reduced to an object of contempt.
  • Psalm 22:7-8 (verbal): "All who see me mock me..." closely parallels Job's claim to be a byword among the peoples and an object of derision.
  • Psalm 69:12 (verbal): Speaks of being a proverb/song among those who sit in the gate and the drunkards—similar imagery of becoming a byword and object of scorn.
  • Isaiah 53:3 (thematic): The suffering servant is "despised and rejected," echoing the motif of being scorned and abased by the nations.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And I am a byword to them; I am something of horror before their faces.
  • He has made me a byword among the nations; I have become their mockery.
7 My eyes have grown dim from grief, and all my members are like a shadow.

Job.17.7 - Details

Original Text

ותכה מכעש עיני ויצרי כצל כלם׃

Morphology

  • ותכה: VERB,qal,impf,3,fs
  • מכעש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עיני: NOUN,f,pl,cons+1s
  • ויצרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,poss1
  • כצל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Job 12:4 (verbal): Job complains of being a laughingstock and the object of his friends' derision—closely echoing the theme of being mocked and made a byword.
  • Job 30:1–9 (thematic): An extended lament about being scorned and derided by the young and bystanders—parallel theme of social humiliation and mockery.
  • Psalm 22:6–8 (verbal): Speaks of being despised and mocked by onlookers ('all who see me mock me'), a verbal and thematic echo of Job's experience of public derision.
  • Psalm 69:7–8 (thematic): The psalmist laments reproach, alienation, and being a byword—sharing the motifs of shame, reproach, and social isolation found in Job 17:7.
  • Matthew 27:39–44 (allusion): The mocking of Jesus by passersby and leaders recalls the biblical motif of one held up to scorn and made a byword, echoing Job's experience of derision.

Alternative generated candidates

  • My eye has grown dim from sorrow, and all my members are like a shadow.
  • My eye has grown dim from sorrow, and all my members are like a shadow.
8 The upright will be appalled at this, and the blameless will rise up against the hypocrite.

Job.17.8 - Details

Original Text

ישמו ישרים על־ זאת ונקי על־ חנף יתערר׃

Morphology

  • ישמו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • ישרים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • על: PREP
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • ונקי: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • חנף: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • יתערר: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Proverbs 10:9 (thematic): Both contrast the secure path of the upright with the downfall of the perverse—affirming that the righteous ‘hold’ or walk securely while the wicked fall.
  • Proverbs 28:18 (thematic): Affirms that walking uprightly results in preservation/salvation, while perversity leads to collapse—parallel to the righteous holding fast and the ungodly failing.
  • Psalm 24:4 (verbal): Uses the specific motif of ‘clean hands’ and moral purity; Job’s ‘clean will rise up against the ungodly’ echoes this emphasis on purity as vindication.
  • Isaiah 33:15 (thematic): Describes the person who walks righteously and speaks uprightly being upheld/blessed—similar theme of righteous conduct leading to vindication or stability.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Upright men shall be astonished at this, and the innocent shall stir himself up against the hypocrite.
  • The upright will be appalled at this, and the innocent will rise up against the hypocrite.
9 The righteous will hold fast to his way; the pure in hand will gain strength.

Job.17.9 - Details

Original Text

ויאחז צדיק דרכו וטהר־ ידים יסיף אמץ׃

Morphology

  • ויאחז: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דרכו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • וטהר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ידים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • יסיף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אמץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Psalm 24:4 (verbal): Uses the phrase 'clean hands'/'pure heart'—explicit verbal parallel stressing moral purity as a credential for standing before God, echoing Job's 'clean hands' and strengthened state.
  • Psalm 26:6-7 (verbal): The psalmist insists on washing his hands in innocence and approaching the altar—a concrete image of 'clean hands' and upright conduct like Job's claim to hold to the righteous way.
  • Proverbs 4:18 (thematic): Describes the way of the righteous as growth in light ('shines more and more'), thematically paralleling Job's idea that the one with clean hands 'grows stronger' along the righteous path.
  • Proverbs 10:9 (thematic): Asserts that the person who walks in integrity walks securely—echoing Job's coupling of holding to the right way and the resulting stability/strength for the righteous.
  • James 4:8 (allusion): Calls for sinners to 'cleanse your hands' and purify hearts; New Testament echo of the moral/ritual purity motif (clean hands) that underlies Job's claim about the righteous gaining strength.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The righteous will hold to his way, and he who has clean hands will grow stronger and stronger.
  • The righteous will hold fast to his way, and he who has clean hands will grow stronger and stronger.
10 Yet you all turn back and come—there is none of you that is wise.

Job.17.10 - Details

Original Text

ואולם כלם תשבו ובאו נא ולא־ אמצא בכם חכם׃

Morphology

  • ואולם: CONJ
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl
  • תשבו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • ובאו: VERB,qal,imp,2,mp
  • נא: PART
  • ולא: CONJ
  • אמצא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • בכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • חכם: ADJ,m,sg

Parallels

  • Job 13:5 (verbal): A near verbal echo and same demand: Job wishes his friends to be silent — “Oh that ye would altogether hold your peace!” matches 17:10’s call for them to sit down/keep silent.
  • Job 6:24 (verbal): Job asks to be taught so he will hold his tongue (“Teach me, and I will hold my tongue”), linking the theme of silence and the friends’ failure to instruct or comfort.
  • Job 16:2 (thematic): Job’s earlier denunciation of his friends as “miserable comforters” aligns thematically with 17:10’s charge that there is no wise (helpful) person among them.
  • Job 12:2 (thematic): Job’s sarcastic remark about his friends’ claimed wisdom (“No doubt but ye are the people; and wisdom shall die with you”) parallels the ironic dismissal in 17:10 that he finds no wise one among them.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But you all—be silent and come; I will not find a wise one among you.
  • But you all will lie down and come to rest, and I shall not find a wise one among you.
11 My days have passed away; my purposes are broken—keepers of my heart have perished.

Job.17.11 - Details

Original Text

ימי עברו זמתי נתקו מורשי לבבי׃

Morphology

  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • עברו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • זמתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs
  • נתקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,pl
  • מורשי: NOUN,m,sg,pr-1s
  • לבבי: NOUN,m,sg,suff

Parallels

  • Psalm 102:11 (thematic): Both depict the brevity and fading of life—'my days are past' parallels 'my days are like a shadow' (transience and decline).
  • Psalm 39:5-6 (thematic): Speaks of the shortness and measured span of life ('you have made my days a handbreadth'), echoing Job's sense that his days are gone and his plans frustrated.
  • Proverbs 13:12 (thematic): 'Hope deferred makes the heart sick' parallels Job's loss of inner hopes/desires—his 'survivors of my heart' or remaining desires are cut off/perished.
  • Isaiah 38:10-11 (thematic): Hezekiah's lament that his days are past and he will not live to see the LORD in the land of the living parallels Job's declaration that his days have passed and his inner supports are gone.
  • Psalm 73:26 (thematic): 'My flesh and my heart may fail' resonates with Job's image of the heart's remaining strength/comfort being cut off—both express the failure or loss of the heart's strength and consolation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • My days have passed; my plans are broken; the desires of my heart.
  • My days have passed; my plans are broken off—the purposes of my heart.
12 They make night for day; they put light near to darkness.

Job.17.12 - Details

Original Text

לילה ליום ישימו אור קרוב מפני־ חשך׃

Morphology

  • לילה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ליום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישימו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • קרוב: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • מפני: PREP
  • חשך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Job 3:4-6 (verbal): Job’s earlier curse on his birth calls for the day to perish and for darkness to claim the light—close verbal and thematic echo of light and night being inverted or confounded.
  • Amos 5:18-20 (thematic): The prophet warns that the expected ‘day of the LORD’ will be darkness rather than light—a moral/theological reversal of day/light that parallels Job’s image of light set against darkness.
  • Genesis 1:3-4 (structural): Creation language about God separating light from darkness provides the canonical background; Job’s line effectively collapses or inverts that established order by bringing light close to darkness.
  • Zechariah 14:6-7 (thematic): An eschatological scene where distinctions between day and night are altered (evening shining as day), reflecting the motif of day/night reversal or the mingling of light and darkness found in Job 17:12.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They change the night into day; they put near light for the darkness.
  • They make the night like day; light is near to darkness.
13 If I hope for Sheol as my house, if I make my bed in the darkness,

Job.17.13 - Details

Original Text

אם־ אקוה שאול ביתי בחשך רפדתי יצועי׃

Morphology

  • אם: CONJ
  • אקוה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
  • שאול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ביתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs
  • בחשך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רפדתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
  • יצועי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 139:8 (verbal): Uses the same image of making one's bed in Sheol — 'If I make my bed in Sheol, you are there' — directly paralleling Job's 'I spread my bed in darkness' as dwelling in the realm of the dead.
  • Job 10:21-22 (thematic): Job speaks of going to 'the land of darkness and deep shadow' and not returning, echoing Job 17:13's expectation of Sheol as a home and the darkness that surrounds it.
  • Job 7:9-10 (thematic): Pictures death as going down into the grave from which one does not return ('He shall return no more to his house'), resonant with the idea of waiting for Sheol as one's house in 17:13.
  • Psalm 88:3-6 (thematic): Laments identification with the pit and the dead and imagery of darkness and abandonment in Sheol, paralleling Job's mood and the darkness of his 'bed' in Sheol.
  • Isaiah 38:10-11 (allusion): Hezekiah's language about being cut off and not coming 'into the land of the living' and dwelling at the gates of Sheol echoes Job's expectation of Sheol as a final dwelling place.

Alternative generated candidates

  • If I hope for Sheol as my house, if I make my bed in darkness,
  • If I hope for Sheol as my house, if I make my bed in the darkness,
14 I call to corruption, 'You are my father,' and to the worm, 'You are my mother and my sister.'

Job.17.14 - Details

Original Text

לשחת קראתי אבי אתה אמי ואחתי לרמה׃

Morphology

  • לשחת: VERB,qal,inf
  • קראתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • אבי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • אמי: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואחתי: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+1s
  • לרמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Psalm 22:6 (verbal): Uses the same self‑degrading worm imagery: "I am a worm, and not a man," echoing Job's identification with worms/decay.
  • Job 25:6 (verbal): Another passage in Job that explicitly calls mortals "maggots" and "worms," closely paralleling the personification of corruption and worms as kin.
  • Job 21:26 (thematic): Speaks of the dead lying in the dust and being covered by worms—same mortality and decay imagery as Job 17:14.
  • Job 17:13–16 (structural): Immediate context where Sheol, darkness, and the grave are presented as Job's dwelling and companion—verse 14 personifies corruption/worms as family within this theme.
  • Isaiah 14:9 (allusion): Personifies Sheol as stirred up to meet the fallen, a similar trope of the grave/underworld acting as an animate, relational force toward the dying.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if I call to the pit, ‘You are my father,’ and to the worm, ‘You are my mother and my sister,’
  • if I say to corruption, ‘You are my father,’ and to the worm, ‘You are my mother and my sister,’
15 And where then is my hope? And who will see my hope?

Job.17.15 - Details

Original Text

ואיה אפו תקותי ותקותי מי ישורנה׃

Morphology

  • ואיה: ADV,interr
  • אפו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff3ms
  • תקותי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1s
  • ותקותי: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+1s
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • ישורנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,ms,sg,3fs

Parallels

  • Lamentations 3:18 (verbal): Expresses the same idea of hope being lost/vanished ('My strength and my hope is perished'), a close verbal parallel to Job’s lament about where his hope is.
  • Psalm 13:1 (thematic): A lament asking how long God will hide His face and implying abandonment and loss of hope—similar tone of despair and questioning God's presence.
  • Psalm 42:11 (thematic): Voices deep despondency ('Why are you cast down?') and concern for lost hope, addressing the soul’s despair and longing for restoration—thematically akin to Job’s question about his hope.
  • Job 13:15 (thematic): Within the same book but contrasting posture: Job declares trust despite suffering ('Though he slay me, yet will I hope/ trust'), highlighting the tension between clinging to hope and lamenting its apparent absence in 17:15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • where then is my hope? Who will see for me any good?
  • where then is my hope? And who will see my hope?
16 Will you go down with me to the bars, to lie together in the dust?

Job.17.16 - Details

Original Text

בדי שאל תרדנה אם־ יחד על־ עפר נחת׃

Morphology

  • בדי: PREP
  • שאל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • תרדנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,fp
  • אם: CONJ
  • יחד: ADV
  • על: PREP
  • עפר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נחת: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Genesis 3:19 (verbal): Uses the same imagery of human mortality and return to the dust (‘for dust you are and to dust you shall return’), echoing Job’s descent into the earth/dust motif.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:20 (thematic): Speaks of all humans going to one place and returning to dust—a direct thematic parallel about death and common destiny.
  • Ecclesiastes 12:7 (thematic): States that the dust returns to the earth and the spirit to God, paralleling Job’s concern with going down into the dust of the grave.
  • Job 10:21-22 (structural): Earlier Job laments going ‘to the land of darkness, and the shadow of death,’ a closely related theme and imagery of descending into the grave as in 17:16.
  • Psalm 30:9 (thematic): Contains a rhetorical question about going down to the grave and whether the dust can praise God—mirroring Job’s rhetorical descent-into-dust question in 17:16.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Will it go down together with me to the bars of Sheol? Shall we descend together into the dust?
  • Shall they go down together to the gates of Sheol? Shall we go down together into the dust?

Then Job answered and said:

I have heard many such things; your consolations are all weariness.

Are you exhausted with empty words? What stirs you to reply?

I too could speak as you do. If your life were under my life, I would lay a charge against you with words and shake you with the palms of my hands.

I would seize you by the throat with my mouth; the breath of my lips would make you faint.

Yet if I speak, my pain is not diminished; and if I refrain, what do I gain? But now I have become a byword among all my company; I am a song for them.

They hem me in so that I cannot pass; my opponent rises up against me like a warrior.

His wrath rages like a ravening beast; he gnashes his teeth at me; my enemies tighten their grip and sharpen their eyes against me.

They open their mouths against me with insult; they strike at my life—together they set upon me.

He delivers me over to a godless man, and hands me to the wicked.

When I was at peace, he shattered me; he seized me by the hair and dashed me; he set me up as his target.

His ranks encircled me; they pierced my kidneys—no pity they showed; they poured out my gall upon the ground.

A breach burst upon a breach; by force he ran at me like a mighty man.

I have sewn sackcloth upon my skin and buried my horn in the dust.

My face is wasted from weeping; and dark shadows rest upon my eyelids.

For there is no violence in my hands; my prayer is pure.

O earth, do not cover my blood; and let my cry find no resting place.

Even now—look—my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.

My friends mock me; to God my eye pours out tears.

Would that a man might argue with God, as a man argues with his neighbor!

For the number of my months has drawn near, and my path will not return; I shall go where I do not return.

My spirit is broken; my days are extinguished—graves are ready for me.

If you do not support me, and if, under their reproaches, my eye fails,

set a surety for me with you—who is there that will put forth his hand for me?

For you have shut their heart from understanding; therefore you will not lift them up.

He assigns the wicked their portion, and their children's eyes will waste away.

He has made me a byword among the nations; I am a taunt among the peoples.

My eyes have grown dim from grief, and all my members are like a shadow.

The upright will be appalled at this, and the blameless will rise up against the hypocrite.

The righteous will hold fast to his way; the pure in hand will gain strength.

Yet you all turn back and come—there is none of you that is wise.

My days have passed away; my purposes are broken—keepers of my heart have perished.

They make night for day; they put light near to darkness.

If I hope for Sheol as my house, if I make my bed in the darkness,

I call to corruption, 'You are my father,' and to the worm, 'You are my mother and my sister.' And where then is my hope? And who will see my hope?

Will you go down with me to the bars, to lie together in the dust?