Belshazzar and the Writing on the Wall

Daniel 5:1-31

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 Belshazzar the king gave a great banquet for a thousand of his lords, and drank wine in the presence of the thousand.

Dan.5.1 - Details

Original Text

בלשאצר מלכא עבד לחם רב לרברבנוהי אלף ולקבל אלפא חמרא שתה׃

Morphology

  • בלשאצר: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עבד: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רב: ADJ,m,sg
  • לרברבנוהי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss,3,m
  • אלף: NUM,m,sg
  • ולקבל: CONJ+PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • אלפא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • חמרא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שתה: VERB,qal,impv,2,sg

Parallels

  • Esther 1:3-8 (structural): Royal banquet scene: Ahasuerus holds an extended, sumptuous feast for nobles and officials with abundant drinking and display—parallel setting and courtly revelry to Belshazzar’s feast.
  • Isaiah 22:13 (verbal): Uses the refrain of eating, drinking and calling for mirth ('Let us eat and drink…')—a brief verbal/thematic echo of revelry and denial of impending disaster present at Belshazzar’s feast.
  • Amos 6:4-6 (thematic): Condemns the complacent luxury and drunken feasting of the elite ('lying on beds of ivory...drink wine in bowls')—the moral critique of aristocratic revelry parallels the context and implicit judgment of Daniel 5.
  • Luke 12:19-20 (thematic): Parable of the rich fool who vows to 'eat, drink, and be merry' and then faces sudden judgment—the theme of extravagant feasting immediately preceding divine judgment mirrors Belshazzar’s fate.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Belshazzar the king gave a great feast for a thousand of his lords, and he drank wine in the presence of the thousand.
  • Belshazzar the king made a great feast for a thousand of his lords, and he drank wine in the presence of the thousand.
2 Belshazzar said, "Bring in the gold and silver vessels that Nebuchadnezzar my father took out of the temple in Jerusalem, so that the king and his lords, his wives and his concubines may drink from them."

Dan.5.2 - Details

Original Text

בלשאצר אמר ׀ בטעם חמרא להיתיה למאני דהבא וכספא די הנפק נבוכדנצר אבוהי מן־ היכלא די בירושלם וישתון בהון מלכא ורברבנוהי שגלתה ולחנתה׃

Morphology

  • בלשאצר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בטעם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חמרא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • להיתיה: VERB,qal,inf
  • למאני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • דהבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכספא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הנפק: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • נבוכדנצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אבוהי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • מן: PREP
  • היכלא: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וישתון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בהון: PREP+PRON,3,pl
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ורברבנוהי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,m,sg
  • שגלתה: REL+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ולחנתה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Dan.1.2 (verbal): Directly recalls the earlier statement that Nebuchadnezzar carried away vessels from the temple in Jerusalem—Daniel 5:2 refers back to that removal of holy objects.
  • 2 Kings 24:13 (structural): Royal annal giving the same historical detail: Nebuchadnezzar took the temple's gold and silver vessels to Babylon—the event Belshazzar exploits in Daniel 5.
  • Jer.52:17-23 (quotation): Parallel account to Kings describing the seizure and transport of Jerusalem's sacred vessels by Nebuchadnezzar; mirrors the background for Belshazzar's use of those vessels.
  • Isa.39:7-8 (thematic): Isaiah's prophecy that Babylon would carry off treasures and descendants from Judah thematically anticipates the removal of temple wealth that Daniel 5:2 references.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Belshazzar, when he tasted the wine, commanded that the vessels of gold and silver that Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken from the temple in Jerusalem be brought, that the king and his princes, his wives and his concubines might drink from them.
  • Belshazzar said, "Bring in the vessels of gold and silver that Nebuchadnezzar my father took from the temple in Jerusalem, that the king and his lords, his wives and his concubines may drink from them."
3 Then the gold vessels that had been taken from the temple of the house of God in Jerusalem were brought in; and the king and his lords, his wives and his concubines drank from them.

Dan.5.3 - Details

Original Text

באדין היתיו מאני דהבא די הנפקו מן־ היכלא די־ בית אלהא די בירושלם ואשתיו בהון מלכא ורברבנוהי שגלתה ולחנתה׃

Morphology

  • באדין: ADV
  • היתיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מאני: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • דהבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הנפקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מן: PREP
  • היכלא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אלהא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואשתיו: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • בהון: PREP+PRON,3,pl
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ורברבנוהי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • שגלתה: REL+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ולחנתה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Dan.1.2 (verbal): Nearly identical language: Nebuchadnezzar 'carried away' vessels from the house of God and brought them into the house of his gods — same motif of temple vessels taken to Babylon.
  • 2 Kings 24:13 (thematic): Describes Nebuchadnezzar's removal of all the treasures of the house of the LORD and taking them to Babylon, the historical background for Daniel's claim.
  • 2 Kings 25:13-17 (quotation): Provides a detailed inventory of the articles removed from the temple and their disposition in Babylon, paralleling Daniel's report of sacred vessels being used in a foreign court.
  • Jeremiah 52:17-23 (quotation): A parallel account to 2 Kings that recounts the carrying off of temple vessels to Babylon (and in vv.31–34 the later restoration), directly echoing the event Daniel mentions.
  • Ezra 1:7-11 (allusion): Records Cyrus's order to return the vessels taken by Nebuchadnezzar from the temple and their restoration to Jerusalem — the later fate of the same objects Daniel says were taken.

Alternative generated candidates

  • So they brought the golden vessels that had been taken from the house of the God of Jerusalem; and the king and his princes, his wives and his concubines drank in them.
  • Then they brought the gold vessels that had been taken from the house of God which was in Jerusalem; and the king and his lords, his wives and his concubines drank in them.
4 They drank wine and praised the gods of gold and silver, of bronze, iron, wood, and stone.

Dan.5.4 - Details

Original Text

אשתיו חמרא ושבחו לאלהי דהבא וכספא נחשא פרזלא אעא ואבנא׃

Morphology

  • אשתיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • חמרא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ושבחו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לאלהי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,const
  • דהבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכספא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נחשא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פרזלא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אעא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואבנא: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Daniel 5:23 (structural): Direct narrative contrast and consequence: Belshazzar and his guests praise other gods and profane the holy vessels, prompting Daniel’s rebuke and God’s judgment.
  • Psalm 115:4-8 (verbal): Explicitly depicts idols made of silver and gold that cannot speak or act—echoes the catalogue of metals and materials praised as ‘gods’ in Daniel 5:4.
  • Jeremiah 10:3-5 (thematic): Denounces idolatry and the making/worship of powerless carved images by craftsmen—parallels the folly of praising metal and wooden gods at Belshazzar’s feast.
  • Isaiah 44:12-20 (allusion): Satiric account of an artisan fashioning a god from wood and then worshiping it—thematically mirrors Daniel’s depiction of worshiping gods of wood, stone, and metal.
  • Romans 1:23 (thematic): New Testament critique that people exchanged the glory of God for images of mortal creatures—theologically parallels the worship of material ‘gods’ in Daniel 5:4.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They drank wine and praised the gods of gold and silver, of bronze, iron, wood and stone.
  • They drank wine and praised the gods of gold and silver, of bronze and iron, of wood and stone.
5 At that very moment the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote on the plaster of the wall of the king's palace, opposite the lampstand; and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote.

Dan.5.5 - Details

Original Text

בה־ שעתה נפקה אצבען די יד־ אנש וכתבן לקבל נברשתא על־ גירא די־ כתל היכלא די מלכא ומלכא חזה פס ידה די כתבה׃

Morphology

  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • שעתה: ADV
  • נפקה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • אצבען: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אנש: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • וכתבן: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לקבל: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • נברשתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • גירא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כתל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היכלא: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ומלכא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • חזה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • פס: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ידה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3s
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כתבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Exodus 31:18 (verbal): God himself writes on stone tablets 'by the finger of God'—direct verbal parallel to a hand/finger writing a divine message.
  • Exodus 8:19 (verbal): Egyptian magicians identify a plague as 'the finger of God,' using the same idiom of divine agency expressed by a finger/hand.
  • Luke 11:20 (allusion): Jesus speaks of casting out demons 'by the finger of God,' echoing the Old Testament idiom of divine power manifested by a finger/hand.
  • Colossians 2:14 (thematic): Paul speaks of a 'handwriting of ordinances' (a written legal charge) being nailed to the cross—parallels the motif of a written notice or judgment presented by a hand.
  • Ezekiel 9:4-6 (thematic): A marked action by a divine agent (marking or writing as a sign) preceding judgment—thematically similar to the hand-writing-on-the-wall as a sign of imminent judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • At that hour the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote opposite the lampstand on the plaster of the wall of the king's palace; and the king saw the back of the hand that wrote.
  • In that same hour the fingers of a man's hand appeared and wrote opposite the lampstand on the plaster of the wall of the king's palace; and the king saw the palm of the hand that wrote.
6 Then the king's face turned pale and his thoughts alarmed him; his limbs gave way and his knees knocked together.

Dan.5.6 - Details

Original Text

אדין מלכא זיוהי שנוהי ורעינהי יבהלונה וקטרי חרצה משתרין וארכבתה דא לדא נקשן׃

Morphology

  • אדין: ADV
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • זיוהי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • שנוהי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ורעינהי: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3ms
  • יבהלונה: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • וקטרי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • חרצה: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • משתרין: VERB,qal,ptcp,masc,pl
  • וארכבתה: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • דא: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • לדא: PREP
  • נקשן: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl

Parallels

  • Dan.7.28 (verbal): Daniel reports being greatly troubled in his thoughts and his countenance changing at the vision—language and psychological reaction closely parallel the king’s alarm and altered face in 5:6.
  • Dan.10.8–9 (verbal): Daniel describes losing strength and a changed appearance after a vision; parallels the bodily collapse and pallor (limbs failing, knees knocking) triggered by a supernatural revelation.
  • Dan.8:27 (thematic): After a troubling vision Daniel is left exhausted and disturbed—a similar physical and emotional breakdown in response to divine revelation as in 5:6.
  • Hab.3:16 (thematic): Habakkuk speaks of trembling, quivering lips, and bodily fear on hearing God’s deeds—thematically akin to the king’s fear-struck physical reaction in Daniel 5:6.
  • Rev.1:17 (thematic): John falls at the vision and is overcome with fear when confronted by a divine appearance; mirrors the overwhelming terror and physical collapse when confronted by a heavenly sign in Daniel 5:6.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then the king's color changed, and his thoughts alarmed him; his knees knocked against one another and his loins gave way.
  • Then the king's color changed, his thoughts alarmed him, and his knees knocked one against another and his loins were loosened and his strength failed him.
7 The king called loudly for the enchanters, the astrologers, the Chaldeans, and the soothsayers. The king declared to the wise men of Babylon, "Whoever reads this writing and shows me its interpretation shall be clothed in purple, and a chain of gold shall be put about his neck, and he shall be made the third ruler in the kingdom."

Dan.5.7 - Details

Original Text

קרא מלכא בחיל להעלה לאשפיא כשדאי וגזריא ענה מלכא ואמר ׀ לחכימי בבל די כל־ אנש די־ יקרה כתבה דנה ופשרה יחונני ארגונא ילבש והמניכא די־ דהבא על־ צוארה ותלתי במלכותא ישלט׃

Morphology

  • קרא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בחיל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • להעלה: PREP+VERB,hif,inf
  • לאשפיא: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כשדאי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • וגזריא: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ענה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • לחכימי: PREP,NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • אנש: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יקרה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • כתבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • דנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ופשרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יחונני: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • ארגונא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ילבש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • והמניכא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דהבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • צוארה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ותלתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
  • במלכותא: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ישלט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Dan.5.16 (verbal): Immediate verbal parallel within the same chapter: Daniel repeats the king's exact offer (purple robe, gold necklace, be third ruler) when asked to interpret the writing.
  • Dan.2.48 (structural): Narrative parallel: after Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar's dream he is rewarded with high office and gifts—same narrative pattern of an interpreter being elevated by the king.
  • Gen.41.41-43 (verbal): Close verbal and thematic parallel: Pharaoh rewards Joseph after interpreting dreams by clothing him in fine garments, placing a gold chain about his neck, and raising him to a high governmental position.
  • Esth.6.8-11 (thematic): Thematic parallel of royal honor bestowal and public elevation: the king commands robes/horse and public procession for the honored man, echoing motifs of visible reward and status conferred by the monarch.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The king called aloud to bring in the enchanters, the astrologers, the Chaldeans and the soothsayers. The king spoke, and said to the wise men of Babylon, “Whoever can read this writing and show me its interpretation shall be clothed with purple and wear a necklace of gold, and shall be made the third ruler in the kingdom.”
  • The king commanded to bring in the enchanters, the Chaldeans, and the astrologers. The king spoke, saying to the wise men of Babylon, "Whoever can read this writing and show me its interpretation shall be clothed with purple and have a chain of gold around his neck and shall be the third ruler in the kingdom."
8 Then all the king's wise men came in, but they could not read the writing or make known to the king its interpretation.

Dan.5.8 - Details

Original Text

אדין עלין כל חכימי מלכא ולא־ כהלין כתבא למקרא ופשרה להודעה למלכא׃

Morphology

  • אדין: ADV
  • עלין: PREP,3,pl
  • כל: DET
  • חכימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולא: CONJ
  • כהלין: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כתבא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • למקרא: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ופשרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • להודעה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • למלכא: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.2.10-11 (verbal): Court wise men/Chaldeans are unable to tell the king the mystery of a mysterious writing/dream—same motif of royal advisors failing to read/interpret divine revelation.
  • Dan.2.27-28 (thematic): Affirms that interpretations of dreams/writings come from God alone, explaining why the king’s wise men could not disclose the meaning.
  • Gen.41.8-16 (thematic): Pharaoh’s magicians and wise men cannot interpret his troubling dreams until Joseph, by divine insight, explains them—parallel of court experts failing and a God-given interpreter appearing.
  • Isa.44.24-25 (allusion): God is described as frustrating diviners and making their wisdom futile, echoing the motif that human wise men cannot discern God’s purposes.
  • Dan.5.11-12 (structural): Immediate narrative contrast: Daniel (Belteshazzar) is introduced as the one who can read and interpret, highlighting the failure of the king’s wise men in verse 8 and Daniel’s distinctive gift.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then all the king's wise men came; but they could not read the writing nor make known to the king its interpretation.
  • Then all the king's wise men came in, but they could not read the writing nor make known to the king its interpretation.
9 Then King Belshazzar was greatly alarmed, and his lords were perplexed.

Dan.5.9 - Details

Original Text

אדין מלכא בלשאצר שגיא מתבהל וזיוהי שנין עלוהי ורברבנוהי משתבשין׃

Morphology

  • אדין: ADV
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בלשאצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • שגיא: ADJ,m,sg
  • מתבהל: VERB,hitpael,perf,3,m,sg
  • וזיוהי: CONJ+DEM+VERB,perf,3,m,sg
  • שנין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • עלוהי: PREP,3,m,sg
  • ורברבנוהי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,poss
  • משתבשין: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Dan.4.19 (verbal): Same verbal motif of a king/observer whose 'thoughts are troubled' by a terrifying vision/event; similar language describing alarm at a supernatural revelation.
  • Job 4:14 (verbal): Eliphaz’s dream-report uses near-verbal imagery of fear and trembling—'fear came upon me, and trembling, which made all my bones to shake'—paralleling the bodily convulsions in Dan 5:9.
  • Habakkuk 3:16 (thematic): The prophet describes an intense physical reaction to divine revelation—'my belly trembled... I trembled in myself'—echoing Daniel’s image of loins loosening and knees knocking together.
  • Ps.55:5 (thematic): Uses the language of fear and trembling overwhelming the speaker ('fear and trembling have come upon me'), thematically parallel to the king’s convulsive fear in Daniel 5:9.
  • Matt.28:4 (thematic): The guards at the tomb 'became like dead men' for fear at a supernatural appearance; parallels Daniel’s depiction of bodily collapse and shock in response to a divine/portentous sign.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then Belshazzar the king became greatly troubled; his color changed, and his lords were astonished.
  • Then King Belshazzar became greatly alarmed, his countenance was changed, and his lords were perplexed.
10 Because of the words of the king and his lords the queen entered the banquet hall. The queen said, "O king, live forever! Do not let your thoughts alarm you, or let your face be changed.

Dan.5.10 - Details

Original Text

מלכתא לקבל מלי מלכא ורברבנוהי לבית משתיא עלת ענת מלכתא ואמרת מלכא לעלמין חיי אל־ יבהלוך רעיונך וזיויך אל־ ישתנו׃

Morphology

  • מלכתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לקבל: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • מלי: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ורברבנוהי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
  • משתיא: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • עלת: VERB,qal,perf,3,_,pl
  • ענת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מלכתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ואמרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לעלמין: PREP
  • חיי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • אל: NEG
  • יבהלוך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • רעיונך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,sg
  • וזיויך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • ישתנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl

Parallels

  • 1 Samuel 25:24–31 (verbal): Abigail interposes before David with calming, deferential language ('Let not my lord take to heart') and persuades the would‑be avenger to refrain—parallel in a woman soothing a furious ruler and advising him not to let his thoughts/anger prevail.
  • 2 Samuel 14:2–20 (structural): The 'wise woman of Tekoa' is sent to King David to plead by parable for mercy; like the queen in Daniel 5 she is a female interlocutor who enters the royal presence to avert rash royal action—structural parallel of a woman negotiating with a king to change his reaction.
  • Esther 4:11 (thematic): Esther (and later others) face the dangers and strict protocols of approaching a Persian king unbidden—shared courtly setting and concern with royal etiquette and consequences for the ruler’s decisions (risk, protocol, and intercession).
  • 1 Kings 1:21, 31 (verbal): Courtiers and royal women use the conventional formulaic address ('May my lord the king live forever' / 'let the king live') when speaking to a monarch. Daniel 5:10’s 'O king, live forever' echoes this standard royal salutation used elsewhere in the narrative tradition.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The queen, because the words of the king and his lords were noisy, came into the banquet hall. The queen spoke and said, “O king, live forever! Do not let your thoughts alarm you, nor let your countenance be changed.
  • Now the queen, because of the words of the king and his lords, came into the banquet-house; the queen spoke and said, "O king, live forever! Do not let your thoughts alarm you or let your countenance change."
11 There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods; in the days of your father light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in him. Nebuchadnezzar your father—your father the king—appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans, and soothsayers.

Dan.5.11 - Details

Original Text

איתי גבר במלכותך די רוח אלהין קדישין בה וביומי אבוך נהירו ושכלתנו וחכמה כחכמת־ אלהין השתכחת בה ומלכא נבכדנצר אבוך רב חרטמין אשפין כשדאין גזרין הקימה אבוך מלכא׃

Morphology

  • איתי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • גבר: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • במלכותך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,ms
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אלהין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • קדישין: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • וביומי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
  • אבוך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,ms
  • נהירו: VERB,peal,perf,3,ms
  • ושכלתנו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,pl
  • וחכמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כחכמת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,constr
  • אלהין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • השתכחת: VERB,hith,perf,3,fs
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ומלכא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נבכדנצר: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • אבוך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,ms
  • רב: ADJ,m,sg
  • חרטמין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אשפין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כשדאין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • גזרין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • הקימה: VERB,hif,perf,3,ms
  • אבוך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,ms
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Daniel 4:8-9 (verbal): Uses the same Aramaic idiom and profile of Daniel/Belteshazzar as a man 'in whom is the spirit of the holy gods' with extraordinary insight and wisdom in Nebuchadnezzar’s reign.
  • Daniel 2:48-49 (structural): After Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar’s dream he is promoted and honored by the king—parallels the claim that Daniel was raised to high office because of his God-given wisdom.
  • Daniel 1:17 (thematic): Reports that God gave Daniel and his companions knowledge, learning, and skill (and to Daniel specifically understanding in visions and dreams), echoing the attribution of supernatural wisdom in 5:11.
  • Isaiah 11:2 (thematic): Speaks of a divine Spirit granting wisdom, understanding, counsel and might; thematically parallels the idea that a divine spirit confers exceptional wisdom and insight on an individual.

Alternative generated candidates

  • There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods; and in the days of your father light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in him. And King Nebuchadnezzar your father—your father—made him chief of the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans and astrologers;
  • There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods; and in the days of your father light, understanding, and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in him. Your father Nebuchadnezzar the king—he appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans, and astrologers.
12 For among all the king's wise men there is none like Daniel, whom the king called Belteshazzar; for he has a special spirit, knowledge, understanding, and skill to interpret dreams, explain riddles, and resolve difficult problems.

Dan.5.12 - Details

Original Text

כל־ קבל די רוח ׀ יתירה ומנדע ושכלתנו מפשר חלמין ואחוית אחידן ומשרא קטרין השתכחת בה בדניאל די־ מלכא שם־ שמה בלטשאצר כען דניאל יתקרי ופשרה יהחוה׃

Morphology

  • כל: DET
  • קבל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יתירה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ומנדע: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושכלתנו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cstr,1,pl
  • מפשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חלמין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ואחוית: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • אחידן: PRON,dem,pl
  • ומשרא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • קטרין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • השתכחת: VERB,hitpael,perf,3,pl
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • בדניאל: PREP+PN,m,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שם: ADV
  • שמה: ADV
  • בלטשאצר: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • כען: ADV
  • דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יתקרי: VERB,qal,impf,3,sg
  • ופשרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יהחוה: PN,prop,masc,sg

Parallels

  • Daniel 1:17 (verbal): Same theme and language: Daniel is given 'knowledge and skill in all learning and wisdom' and 'understanding in all visions and dreams'—parallels the gift of dream-interpretation and wisdom mentioned here.
  • Daniel 2:47-48 (structural): Nebuchadnezzar's public recognition that God revealed the mystery to Daniel and his subsequent promotion of Daniel mirrors 5:12's note that Daniel had the spirit of the holy gods and was granted high rank.
  • Daniel 4:8-9 (4:19 in some numberings) (verbal): Earlier court testimony about Daniel (called Belteshazzar) uses almost the same formula—an 'excellent/spirit of the holy gods' in him, with 'light, understanding, and wisdom'—a close verbal/allusive parallel.
  • Genesis 41:38-41 (thematic): Pharaoh's recognition that God is in Joseph (the spirit of God) and his elevation of Joseph to a high administrative role because he interprets dreams provides a clear thematic precedent outside Daniel for rewarding a dream-interpreter with honors.

Alternative generated candidates

  • for as for all the great spirit and knowledge and understanding, and for interpreting of dreams, explaining riddles, and solving problems—such as none of the king's wise men could do—Daniel, whom the king called Belteshazzar, is able to give the interpretation.
  • Inasmuch as an excellent spirit, knowledge, and understanding to interpret dreams, explain riddles, and resolve problems were found in Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar, now call for Daniel and he will give the interpretation."
13 Then Daniel was brought in before the king. The king answered and said to Daniel, "Are you that Daniel who is one of the exiles of Judah, whom my father the king brought from Judah?"

Dan.5.13 - Details

Original Text

באדין דניאל העל קדם מלכא ענה מלכא ואמר לדניאל אנת־ הוא דניאל די־ מן־ בני גלותא די יהוד די היתי מלכא אבי מן־ יהוד׃

Morphology

  • באדין: ADV
  • דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • העל: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • קדם: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ענה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • לדניאל: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • אנת: PRON,2,m,sg
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מן: PREP
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • גלותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אבי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • מן: PREP
  • יהוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Daniel 1:1-7 (verbal): Describes the exile of Judah's youths to Babylon and explicitly names Daniel among those taken—parallels the identification "Daniel... of the children of the captivity of Judah."
  • Daniel 5:11 (verbal): Earlier in the same chapter another courtier summarizes Daniel's identity and reputation in Babylon, which the king echoes when addressing Daniel in 5:13.
  • 2 Kings 24:14 (structural): Narrates the deportation of Judeans to Babylon under Nebuchadnezzar, providing the historical backdrop for Daniel's status as one of the exiles mentioned in 5:13.
  • Jeremiah 29:4-7 (thematic): Addresses the community of Judean exiles in Babylon and their distinct identity while in captivity, echoing the social and religious status invoked by the phrase "children of the captivity of Judah."

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then Daniel was brought in before the king. The king answered and said to Daniel, “Are you that Daniel who is of the children of the captivity of Judah, whom my father the king brought from Judah?
  • Then Daniel was brought in before the king. The king answered and said to Daniel, "Are you that Daniel who is one of the children of the captivity of Judah, whom my father the king brought from Judah?"
14 I have heard of you that the spirit of the holy gods is in you, and that light and understanding and excellent wisdom have been found in you.

Dan.5.14 - Details

Original Text

ושמעת עלך די רוח אלהין בך ונהירו ושכלתנו וחכמה יתירה השתכחת בך׃

Morphology

  • ושמעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • עלך: PREP,2,m,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אלהין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ונהירו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ושכלתנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+poss,1,pl
  • וחכמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יתירה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • השתכחת: VERB,hithp,perf,3,f,sg
  • בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Dan.4.9 (verbal): Uses almost identical language attributing a spirit from the gods/God to Daniel — both verses commend Daniel for having the spirit of God/holy gods and exceptional wisdom.
  • Dan.1.17 (thematic): Describes God granting Daniel and his companions knowledge, understanding and skill, echoing the theme that Daniel's wisdom is a divine endowment.
  • Isa.11.2 (verbal): Lists the Spirit as the source of wisdom and understanding (’spirit of wisdom and understanding’), paralleling the attribution of insight to God’s Spirit in Daniel 5:14.
  • Exod.31.3 (verbal): Speaks of God filling Bezalel with the Spirit, giving him wisdom, understanding and skill — a close verbal parallel linking divine Spirit with wisdom and ability.
  • Prov.2.6 (thematic): Affirms that wisdom and understanding come from the Lord, matching Daniel 5:14’s assertion that Daniel’s light, understanding and outstanding wisdom originate with God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I have heard of you that the spirit of the gods is in you, and that light and understanding and excellent wisdom are found in you.
  • I have heard of you that the spirit of the gods is in you and that light and understanding and outstanding wisdom are found in you.
15 Now the wise men, enchanters, magicians, and Chaldeans were brought before me to read this writing and make known its interpretation to me, but they could not explain the interpretation of the matter.

Dan.5.15 - Details

Original Text

וכען העלו קדמי חכימיא אשפיא די־ כתבה דנה יקרון ופשרה להודעתני ולא־ כהלין פשר־ מלתא להחויה׃

Morphology

  • וכען: CONJ+ADV
  • העלו: VERB,hifil,perf,3,pl
  • קדמי: ADV
  • חכימיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אשפיא: VERB,qal,impf,1,?,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כתבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • דנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יקרון: ADJ,m,sg
  • ופשרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • להודעתני: VERB,hifil,inf,1,sg
  • ולא: CONJ
  • כהלין: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • פשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • להחויה: PREP+VERB,hif,inf

Parallels

  • Dan.2.27-30 (verbal): Daniel there uses the same formula of declaring he will give the king the interpretation after the other wise men failed; both passages contrast human inability with Daniel's disclosure of the meaning.
  • Dan.1.17 (thematic): Attributes Daniel's ability to interpret visions and dreams to divine gift/skill, paralleling 5:15's claim that Daniel can give the interpretation when others could not.
  • Dan.4.8-9 (verbal): The royal court's recognition that 'a spirit of the holy gods' is in Daniel and that he has insight and wisdom echoes the language and reputation appealed to in 5:15.
  • Dan.5.11 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel within the chapter: the queen's reminder that Daniel (called Belteshazzar) had been known for interpreting and explaining dreams, which motivates Daniel's intervention in 5:15.
  • Gen.41.16 (thematic): Joseph's claim that God reveals the meaning of dreams parallels the motif that interpretation is a divine gift rather than human skill, the theological basis for Daniel's success when others failed.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Now the wise men and enchanters were brought to read this writing and make known to me its interpretation; but they could not declare the interpretation of the matter.
  • Now the wise men and the enchanters were brought in to read the writing and make known its interpretation to the king, but they could not declare the interpretation to the king.
16 If you can read the writing and make its interpretation known to me, you shall be clothed in purple, and have a chain of gold put about your neck, and shall be the third ruler in the kingdom."

Dan.5.16 - Details

Original Text

ואנה שמעת עלך די־ תיכול פשרין למפשר וקטרין למשרא כען הן תכול כתבא למקרא ופשרה להודעתני ארגונא תלבש והמניכא די־ דהבא על־ צוארך ותלתא במלכותא תשלט׃

Morphology

  • ואנה: ADV,interr
  • שמעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • עלך: PREP,2,m,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תיכול: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • פשרין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • למפשר: VERB,inf,qal
  • וקטרין: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • למשרא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כען: ADV
  • הן: PART
  • תכול: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • כתבא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • למקרא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ופשרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • להודעתני: VERB,hifil,inf,1,sg
  • ארגונא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תלבש: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • והמניכא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דהבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • צוארך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms_suff
  • ותלתא: NUM,ord,3,sg
  • במלכותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • תשלט: VERB,qal,impf,juss,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 41:39-43 (thematic): Pharaoh rewards Joseph after successful interpretation with fine clothing, a signet ring and high office—same motif of a ruler promising garments/insignia and elevated rank to an interpreter.
  • Daniel 2:27-30 (verbal): Daniel explains that interpretations come from God when speaking before a king about dreams—parallels the court context and the claim to interpret royal mysteries.
  • Daniel 2:48 (structural): After Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar's dream he is richly rewarded and set over the province—similar language of royal gifts and promotion as a response to an interpretation.
  • Daniel 5:29 (structural): Immediate narrative fulfillment in the same chapter: Belshazzar actually clothes Daniel, places a gold chain on him, and proclaims him third ruler, echoing the promise of 5:16.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And I have heard that you can give interpretations and solve problems. Now if you can read the writing and make known to me its interpretation, you shall be clothed with purple and have a necklace of gold put around your neck, and shall be the third ruler in the kingdom.”
  • And I have heard that you can give interpretations and explain matters. Now if you can read the writing and make known to me its interpretation, you shall be clothed with purple and have a chain of gold about your neck and shall be the third ruler in the kingdom."
17 Then Daniel answered before the king, "Let your gifts be for yourself, and give your rewards to another; nevertheless I will read the writing to the king and make known to him the interpretation."

Dan.5.17 - Details

Original Text

באדין ענה דניאל ואמר קדם מלכא מתנתך לך להוין ונבזביתך לאחרן הב ברם כתבא אקרא למלכא ופשרא אהודענה׃

Morphology

  • באדין: ADV
  • ענה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • קדם: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מתנתך: NOUN,f,sg,poss2ms
  • לך: PRON,2,m,sg
  • להוין: VERB,qal,inf
  • ונבזביתך: NOUN,f,sg,poss2ms
  • לאחרן: PREP+ADJ,masc,sg
  • הב: INTJ
  • ברם: CONJ
  • כתבא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אקרא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • למלכא: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ופשרא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אהודענה: VERB,qal,imprf,1,sg

Parallels

  • Dan.5.12 (verbal): States Daniel's reputation as one who interprets writings, dreams and visions—explains why the king summons Daniel and echoes the role Daniel asserts in 5:17.
  • Dan.5.25-28 (structural): The immediate narrative continuation: the written words on the wall (25) and Daniel's interpretation (26–28), which fulfill Daniel's offer in 5:17 to read and explain the writing.
  • Gen.41.15-16 (thematic): Joseph disclaims personal power and attributes dream-interpretation to God—parallels Daniel's posture that the interpretation is a divinely enabled revelation rather than merely royal service.
  • Acts.8.18-20 (thematic): Simon Magus offers payment for the gift of the Holy Spirit; contrasts with Daniel's refusal (or redirection) of royal reward in 5:17 and the principle that spiritual insight is not a commodity.
  • Dan.1.8 (allusion): Daniel's earlier refusal of the royal food and wine (a refusal of what the court offered) echoes his reluctance in 5:17 to accept the king's gifts, highlighting consistent integrity and independence from palace patronage.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then Daniel answered and said before the king, “Keep your gifts for yourself, or give your rewards to another; yet I will read the writing to the king and make known the interpretation.
  • Then Daniel answered and said before the king, "Keep your gifts for yourself and give your rewards to another; nevertheless I will read the writing to the king and make known to him the interpretation."
18 O king, the Most High gave Nebuchadnezzar your father the kingdom, greatness, glory, and honor.

Dan.5.18 - Details

Original Text

אנת מלכא אלהא עלאה מלכותא ורבותא ויקרא והדרה יהב לנבכדנצר אבוך׃

Morphology

  • אנת: PRON,2,m,sg
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אלהא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עלאה: ADJ,m,sg
  • מלכותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ורבותא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ויקרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • והדרה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יהב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לנבכדנצר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אבוך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Daniel 2:37-38 (verbal): Directly parallels language and idea: God of heaven gave the king a kingdom, power, and glory (address to a Babylonian king about God’s granting of dominion).
  • Daniel 4:34-37 (verbal): Nebuchadnezzar’s own testimony that the Most High gave him kingdom, greatness, and glory—same theme and similar vocabulary within Daniel’s narrative.
  • Daniel 4:17 (thematic): States the theological principle that the Most High rules over human kingdoms and gives them to whom he wills, underpinning the assertion that God granted Nebuchadnezzar his rule.
  • 1 Chronicles 29:11 (verbal): Uses comparable royal lexicon (greatness, power, glory, majesty) attributing those honors to God, echoing the motif that sovereign rule and glory originate with God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • O king, let my council be acceptable to you, and turn your thoughts to understand the words I speak to the king.
  • O king, let it be known to you and to your thoughts: the Most High God gave Nebuchadnezzar your father the kingdom, majesty, glory, and honor.
19 And by the greatness that he gave him all peoples, nations, and languages trembled and feared before him. Whom he pleased he put to death, and whom he pleased he spared; whom he pleased he exalted, and whom he pleased he humbled.

Dan.5.19 - Details

Original Text

ומן־ רבותא די יהב־ לה כל עממיא אמיא ולשניא הוו זיעין ודחלין מן־ קדמוהי די־ הוה צבא הוא קטל ודי־ הוה צבא הוה מחא ודי־ הוה צבא הוה מרים ודי־ הוה צבא הוה משפיל׃

Morphology

  • ומן: CONJ+PREP
  • רבותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • כל: DET
  • עממיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אמיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ולשניא: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • הוו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • זיעין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ודחלין: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • מן: PREP
  • קדמוהי: PREP+PRON,3,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צבא: NOUN,m,sg,const
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • קטל: VERB,qal,perf,3,sg
  • ודי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צבא: NOUN,m,sg,const
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • מחא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ודי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צבא: NOUN,m,sg,const
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • מרים: ADJ,m,sg
  • ודי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צבא: NOUN,m,sg,const
  • הוה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • משפיל: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Dan.4:17 (verbal): Directly echoes the Daniel tradition that the Most High 'giveth' kingdoms and 'setteth up' or 'casteth down' rulers—same language about God assigning and reversing human power.
  • Dan.2:21 (verbal): States that God 'changeth the times and seasons' and 'removeth kings, and setteth up kings,' paralleling the assertion that God gives authority to whom he wills and humbles whom he wills.
  • 1 Sam.2:7-8 (thematic): Hannah's song emphasizes Yahweh's power to raise the poor and abase the proud—theologically parallel to the motif that God exalts and brings low human rulers.
  • Ps.75:7 (verbal): Declares God as judge who 'puts down one, and sets up another,' mirroring the theme of divine sovereignty in elevating or humbling leaders found in Daniel 5:19.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The Most High God gave Nebuchadnezzar your father the kingdom and greatness and glory and majesty.
  • And from the greatness that He gave him all peoples, nations, and men of every language trembled and feared before him; whom he would he slew, and whom he would he left alive; whom he would he set up, and whom he would he put down.
20 But when his heart was proud and his spirit hardened in insolence, he was driven from his kingly throne and his glory was taken from him.

Dan.5.20 - Details

Original Text

וכדי רם לבבה ורוחה תקפת להזדה הנחת מן־ כרסא מלכותה ויקרה העדיו מנה׃

Morphology

  • וכדי: CONJ
  • רם: ADJ,m,sg
  • לבבה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ורוחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • תקפת: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • להזדה: VERB,qal,inf
  • הנחת: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מן: PREP
  • כרסא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ויקרה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • העדיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.4:30-32 (verbal): Parallel episode within Daniel: Nebuchadnezzar’s pride leads to his being driven from the kingly throne and humbled—close verbal and thematic correspondence to the removal of a ruler for lifted-up heart.
  • Prov.16:18 (thematic): Proverbial principle: 'Pride goes before destruction'—summarizes the moral cause-and-effect in Dan 5:20 (pride leading to downfall).
  • Isa.14:13-15 (allusion): Taunt against the king of Babylon describing ambitious pride and consequent humiliation—shares the motif of arrogant heart followed by divine overthrow.
  • Ezek.28:17 (thematic): Oracle against the prince/king of Tyre links increased pride of heart with being cast down—echoes the connection between arrogance and deposition in Daniel 5:20.
  • Ps.75:6-7 (thematic): Affirms that exaltation and humiliation are from the LORD: God removes honor from rulers—provides theological framework for the king’s loss of throne and glory in Dan 5:20.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And from the greatness that he gave him, all peoples, nations and languages trembled and feared before him; whom he would he slew, and whom he would he spared; whom he would he set up, and whom he would he put down.
  • But when his heart was lifted up and his spirit was hardened with pride, he was deposed from his kingly throne, and they took his glory from him.
21 He was driven away from men, and his heart was made like the beasts', and his dwelling was with the wild donkeys; he fed on grass like oxen, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven until he knew that the Most High rules the kingdom of men and sets over it whomever he will.

Dan.5.21 - Details

Original Text

ומן־ בני אנשא טריד ולבבה ׀ עם־ חיותא שויו ועם־ ערדיא מדורה עשבא כתורין יטעמונה ומטל שמיא גשמה יצטבע עד די־ ידע די־ שליט אלהא עלאה במלכות אנשא ולמן־ די יצבה יהקים עלה׃

Morphology

  • ומן: CONJ+PREP
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • אנשא: VERB,hiph,impf,1,m,sg
  • טריד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ולבבה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,poss3ms
  • עם: PREP
  • חיותא: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שויו: ADJ,m,sg
  • ועם: CONJ+PREP
  • ערדיא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מדורה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עשבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כתורין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • יטעמונה: VERB,paal,impf,3,pl
  • ומטל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • גשמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יצטבע: VERB,peal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עד: PREP
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שליט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אלהא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עלאה: ADJ,m,sg
  • במלכות: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אנשא: VERB,hiph,impf,1,m,sg
  • ולמן: CONJ+PREP
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יצבה: VERB,paal,perf,3,sg
  • יהקים: VERB,paal,impf,3,sg
  • עלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Daniel 4:25 (verbal): Predicts the king will be driven from men, live like an animal, and be humbled until he knows that the Most High rules — the same episode recounted in Dan 5:21.
  • Daniel 4:33 (verbal): Narrative fulfillment of the prophecy: Nebuchadnezzar is made to live with the beasts and his mind becomes like an animal, directly parallel to the language of Dan 5:21.
  • Daniel 4:34-35 (quotation): Nebuchadnezzar's eventual acknowledgment that ‘the Most High rules the kingdom of men’ echoes the theological point of Dan 5:21 that God’s sovereignty is demonstrated by humbling the king.
  • Psalm 75:6-7 (thematic): Declares that exaltation and humiliation come from God (‘not from the east or the west’), echoing the theme that God brings down the proud and raises whom he wills, as in Dan 5:21.
  • Luke 1:52 (thematic): Mary’s Magnificat — ‘he has brought down the powerful from their thrones and lifted up the lowly’ — parallels the motif of divine reversal and the humbling of rulers found in Dan 5:21.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But when his heart was lifted up and his spirit was hardened in pride, he was removed from his kingly throne and his glory was taken from him.
  • He was driven from among men, his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild donkeys; they fed him with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven until he knew that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men and gives it to whomsoever He will.
22 And you, Belshazzar, his son, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this.

Dan.5.22 - Details

Original Text

ואנת ברה בלשאצר לא השפלת לבבך כל־ קבל די כל־ דנה ידעת׃

Morphology

  • ואנת: CONJ+PRON,2,sg
  • ברה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • בלשאצר: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • השפלת: VERB,hiphil,perf,2,m,sg
  • לבבך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
  • כל: DET
  • קבל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • דנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ידעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Daniel 4:34-37 (structural): Narrative of Nebuchadnezzar’s pride, humiliation, and subsequent praise of God — the event Belshazzar knew but failed to heed.
  • Daniel 5:20-21 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter recounting Nebuchadnezzar’s exaltation and downfall; 5:22 echoes this point about not humbling one’s heart.
  • Proverbs 16:18 (thematic): ‘Pride goes before destruction’ — a wisdom aphorism that captures the moral consequence of unrepentant pride reflected in Belshazzar’s conduct.
  • Luke 14:11 (thematic): Jesus’ saying ‘everyone who exalts himself will be humbled’ parallels the motif that God brings low the proud, as seen in Daniel’s story.
  • James 4:6 (thematic): ‘God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble’ — New Testament statement of the same theological principle underlying Belshazzar’s condemnation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He was driven away from among men, and his dwelling was with the beasts of the field; he was given grass to eat like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, until he knew that the Most High rules over the kingdom of men and gives it to whomsoever he will.
  • Yet you his son, Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this.
23 You have exalted yourself against the Most High, and the vessels of his house have been brought into your presence; and you and your lords, your wives and your concubines have drunk wine from them and praised the gods of silver and gold, bronze, iron, wood, and stone—which neither see nor hear nor know. And the God in whose hand is your breath and all your ways you did not glorify.

Dan.5.23 - Details

Original Text

ועל מרא־ שמיא ׀ התרוממת ולמאניא די־ ביתה היתיו קדמך ואנת ורברבנך שגלתך ולחנתך חמרא שתין בהון ולאלהי כספא־ ודהבא נחשא פרזלא אעא ואבנא די לא־ חזין ולא־ שמעין ולא ידעין שבחת ולאלהא די־ נשמתך בידה וכל־ ארחתך לה לא הדרת׃

Morphology

  • ועל: CONJ+PREP
  • מרא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • התרוממת: VERB,hith,perf,2,m,sg
  • ולמאניא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ביתה: NOUN,m,sg,suff-3,f,sg
  • היתיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • קדמך: ADV+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ואנת: CONJ+PRON,2,sg
  • ורברבנך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs,2ms
  • שגלתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2ms
  • ולחנתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs,2ms
  • חמרא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שתין: NUM,card
  • בהון: PREP+PRON,3,pl
  • ולאלהי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כספא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ודהבא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נחשא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פרזלא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אעא: REL
  • ואבנא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • חזין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ולא: CONJ
  • שמעין: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • ולא: CONJ
  • ידעין: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שבחת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ולאלהא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נשמתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2ms
  • בידה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,f,sg
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • ארחתך: NOUN,f,pl,abs,2ms
  • לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • הדרת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Psalm 135:15-18 (verbal): Lists attributes of idols—'they have eyes but do not see... they have ears but do not hear'—matching Daniel's charge that the silver/gold/stone gods 'do not see, do not hear, do not know.'
  • Isaiah 44:9-20 (thematic): Extended satire of idolatry: craftsmen fashion gods of wood/metal that are worthless and powerless, paralleling Daniel's rebuke of worshiping crafted gods of silver, gold, bronze, iron, wood, stone.
  • Job 12:10 (verbal): States that 'in his hand is the life of every living thing and the breath of all mankind,' echoing Daniel's phrase about the God 'in whose hand is your breath.'
  • Acts 17:24-28 (thematic): Paul's proclamation that the Creator 'is not served by human hands' and that God 'gives to all life and breath,' calling people to honor the living God—resonant with Daniel's rebuke that Belshazzar did not honor the God who holds his breath.
  • Jeremiah 10:3-5 (thematic): Describes how idols are carved by craftsmen and are mute and powerless, similar to Daniel's condemnation of praising man-made gods that cannot see, hear, or know.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And you, Belshazzar, his son, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this.
  • But you have lifted up yourself against the Lord of heaven. The vessels of his house were brought before you, and you and your lords, your wives, and your concubines drank wine in them; and you praised the gods of silver and gold, bronze, iron, wood and stone, which neither see nor hear nor know; and the God in whose hand is your breath and all your ways you have not glorified.
24 Then from before him came forth the hand that wrote these words.

Dan.5.24 - Details

Original Text

באדין מן־ קדמוהי שליח פסא די־ ידא וכתבא דנה רשים׃

Morphology

  • באדין: ADV
  • מן: PREP
  • קדמוהי: PREP+PRON,3,sg
  • שליח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פסא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ידא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וכתבא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • דנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • רשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.5.25 (verbal): Contains the very Aramaic words written on the wall ('Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin') that v.24 announces as 'this is the writing that was inscribed.'
  • Dan.5.26-28 (quotation): Daniel's interpretation of the inscription—'numbered, weighed, and divided'—explains the meaning of the writing introduced in v.24.
  • Dan.5.30-31 (structural): Reports the immediate fulfillment of the writing's message: Belshazzar is slain and Darius receives the kingdom, showing the writing's judicial effect.
  • Ezek.21:26-27 (allusion): The prophetic motif of removing a crown and transferring rule to 'the one to whom it belongs' parallels the judgment and transfer of the kingdom announced by the written message.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But you have lifted up yourself against the Lord of heaven; and the vessels of his house have been brought before you, and you and your lords, your wives and your concubines have drunk wine in them; and you have praised the gods of silver and gold, bronze, iron, wood and stone, which do not see and do not hear and do not know, yet you have not glorified the God who holds in his hand your breath and all your ways.
  • Then the fingers of the hand were sent from Him, and this writing was inscribed.
25 And this is the writing that was inscribed: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, PARSIN.

Dan.5.25 - Details

Original Text

ודנה כתבא די רשים מנא מנא תקל ופרסין׃

Morphology

  • ודנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כתבא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רשים: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מנא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מנא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תקל: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • ופרסין: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Dan.5.26-28 (structural): Immediate continuation: Daniel interprets the written words 'Mene, Mene, Tekel, Parsin,' explaining their meaning and pronouncing the sentence on Belshazzar—direct structural and narrative parallel.
  • Ezek.21:26-27 (allusion): Ezekiel's oracle about removing the diadem and giving the kingdom to 'him whose right it is' echoes the royal-transfer theme implicit in the wall-writing's verdict that the king's rule is ended and will be given to others.
  • Col.2:14 (verbal): Paul's image of a 'handwriting' (record of debt) that condemned people resonates with the forensic/legal motif of a written verdict in Daniel—the hand writing a condemnatory record on the wall.
  • Dan.4:30-37 (thematic): Nebuchadnezzar's pride, divine judgment, humiliation, and eventual acknowledgment of God's sovereignty parallels the themes of royal hubris and divine adjudication found in Belshazzar's fate after the wall-writing.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then from before him the hand was sent and this writing was inscribed.
  • And this is the inscription that was written: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN.
26 This is the interpretation of the matter: MENE—God has numbered the days of your kingdom and brought it to an end.

Dan.5.26 - Details

Original Text

דנה פשר־ מלתא מנא מנה־ אלהא מלכותך והשלמה׃

Morphology

  • דנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • פשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מנא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אלהא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכותך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:2ms
  • והשלמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.5.25 (quotation): Immediate context: 5:25 records the Aramaic inscription 'MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN' that Daniel interprets in 5:26; 5:26 gives the meaning of 'MENE'—that God has numbered and ended the kingdom.
  • Dan.2.21 (thematic): Both verses stress divine sovereignty over human rulers—'He removes kings and sets up kings' (2:21) parallels the idea that God has 'numbered' and brought Belshazzar's kingdom to an end.
  • Dan.4.17 (thematic): Declares that the sentence is by decree of the heavenly court and that the Most High rules the kingdom of men, echoing the theme that God determines the duration and fate of earthly kingdoms (cf. 5:26).
  • Ezek.21:27 (allusion): A prophetic announcement that a diadem will be removed and the kingdom overturned 'until he comes whose right it is'—a related motif of a divinely ordained end or transfer of royal power analogous to 'God hath numbered thy kingdom and finished it.'

Alternative generated candidates

  • And this is the writing that was inscribed: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, PERES.
  • This is the interpretation of the thing: MENE—God has numbered your kingdom and finished it.
27 TEKEL—you have been weighed on the scales and found wanting.

Dan.5.27 - Details

Original Text

תקל תקילתה במאזניא והשתכחת חסיר׃

Morphology

  • תקל: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • תקילתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • במאזניא: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • והשתכחת: CONJ+VERB,hitpael,perf,2,m,sg
  • חסיר: ADJ,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.5.26 (structural): Immediate context: the Aramaic inscription on the wall is threefold (Mene, Tekel, Peres). Dan 5:26 contains 'Mene'—a linked declaration of judgment that frames the 'Tekel' message in 5:27.
  • Job 31:6 (verbal): Uses weighing imagery in a moral/judicial sense ('let Him weigh me in an even balance'), echoing the language of being 'weighed in the balances' as a test of righteousness.
  • Proverbs 11:1 (thematic): Speaks of balances and righteousness ('A false balance is an abomination to the LORD'), connecting the motif of scales/weights with divine justice and moral accountability.
  • Micah 6:11 (verbal): Complains of 'wicked balances' and deceitful weights—the image of corrupt measures parallels the prophetic use of scales as a symbol of judgment and worth (found/lacking).

Alternative generated candidates

  • This is the interpretation of the words: MENE—God has numbered your kingdom and finished it; TEKEL—you have been weighed on the scales and found wanting;
  • TEKEL—you have been weighed in the balances and found wanting.
28 PERES—your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.

Dan.5.28 - Details

Original Text

פרס פריסת מלכותך ויהיבת למדי ופרס׃

Morphology

  • פרס: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • פריסת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מלכותך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:2ms
  • ויהיבת: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • למדי: VERB,piel,inf,NA,NA,NA
  • ופרס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Daniel 8:20-21 (verbal): Explicitly identifies the ram as 'the kings of Media and Persia,' paralleling Daniel 5:28's naming of the Medes and Persians as recipients of the kingdom.
  • Daniel 2:39-40 (thematic): Speaks of successive kingdoms rising after Babylon and one kingdom supplanting another, echoing the announcement that Babylon's rule will be divided and given to others.
  • Isaiah 13:17 (allusion): Predicts that God will stir up the Medes against Babylon to punish it, thematically anticipating Babylon's overthrow by Media/Persia as in Daniel 5:28.
  • Jeremiah 51:11 (verbal): Declares that the 'spirit of the kings of the Medes' has been raised against Babylon to destroy it, closely corresponding to Daniel's statement that the kingdom is given to the Medes and Persians.
  • Ezra 1:1 (structural): Reports Cyrus king of Persia's rise and decree after Babylon's fall—historical fulfillment of the transfer of power foretold in Daniel 5:28.

Alternative generated candidates

  • PERES—your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.”
  • PERES—your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.
29 Then Belshazzar commanded that Daniel be clothed with purple, a chain of gold be put about his neck, and that he be proclaimed the third ruler in the kingdom.

Dan.5.29 - Details

Original Text

באדין ׀ אמר בלשאצר והלבישו לדניאל ארגונא והמניכא די־ דהבא על־ צוארה והכרזו עלוהי די־ להוא שליט תלתא במלכותא׃

Morphology

  • באדין: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בלשאצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • והלבישו: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,pl
  • לדניאל: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • ארגונא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • והמניכא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דהבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • צוארה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • והכרזו: VERB,piel,perf,3,m,pl
  • עלוהי: PREP,3,m,sg
  • די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • להוא: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • שליט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תלתא: NUM,card
  • במלכותא: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.2:48 (verbal): Nebuchadnezzar likewise robes and promotes Daniel, setting him over the province and making him chief of the wise men—a direct parallel in honor and official elevation.
  • Gen.41:41-44 (structural): Pharaoh clothes Joseph, gives him a signet ring and high office as second‑in‑command—similar investiture language (garment, insignia, high rank).
  • Esth.6:8-11 (thematic): Haman is arrayed in royal robes and paraded by the king’s order as a public honor—comparable ceremonial bestowal of status and honor.
  • 1 Sam.18:4 (thematic): Jonathan gives David his robe and weapons as a symbol of princely investiture—an analogous act of conferring rank/status by clothing and gifts.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then Belshazzar commanded that Daniel be clothed with purple, and that a necklace of gold be put around his neck, and that he be proclaimed the third ruler in the kingdom.
  • Then Belshazzar commanded, and they clothed Daniel with purple, and put a chain of gold around his neck, and proclaimed that he should be the third ruler in the kingdom.
30 That very night Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans was slain.

Dan.5.30 - Details

Original Text

בה בליליא קטיל בלאשצר מלכא כשדאה׃

Morphology

  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • בליליא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • קטיל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בלאשצר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מלכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כשדאה: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Dan.5.31 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: Belshazzar’s death that night is followed by the transfer of the kingdom to Darius the Mede (direct cause–effect within the chapter).
  • Dan.2.37-38 (thematic): Both passages state the theological principle that God removes and gives kingdoms to whom he wills—context for why Belshazzar is slain and the kingdom taken away.
  • Ezek.21:26-27 (thematic): Imagery of removing the diadem and setting aside the ruler parallels the deposition of Belshazzar—divine decision to overturn a royal house and install a new ruler.
  • Rev.18:2-3 (thematic): Prophetic announcement of Babylon’s sudden fall and the routing of its rulers and commerce echoes the abrupt overthrow of Babylonian rule in Daniel 5 (typological connection between Babylon’s judgment scenes).

Alternative generated candidates

  • That very night Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans was slain.
  • That very night Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans was slain.

Belshazzar the king gave a great banquet for a thousand of his lords, and drank wine in the presence of the thousand.

Belshazzar said, "Bring in the gold and silver vessels that Nebuchadnezzar my father took out of the temple in Jerusalem, so that the king and his lords, his wives and his concubines may drink from them."

Then the gold vessels that had been taken from the temple of the house of God in Jerusalem were brought in; and the king and his lords, his wives and his concubines drank from them.

They drank wine and praised the gods of gold and silver, of bronze, iron, wood, and stone.

At that very moment the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote on the plaster of the wall of the king's palace, opposite the lampstand; and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote.

Then the king's face turned pale and his thoughts alarmed him; his limbs gave way and his knees knocked together.

The king called loudly for the enchanters, the astrologers, the Chaldeans, and the soothsayers. The king declared to the wise men of Babylon, "Whoever reads this writing and shows me its interpretation shall be clothed in purple, and a chain of gold shall be put about his neck, and he shall be made the third ruler in the kingdom."

Then all the king's wise men came in, but they could not read the writing or make known to the king its interpretation.

Then King Belshazzar was greatly alarmed, and his lords were perplexed.

Because of the words of the king and his lords the queen entered the banquet hall. The queen said, "O king, live forever! Do not let your thoughts alarm you, or let your face be changed.

There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods; in the days of your father light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in him. Nebuchadnezzar your father—your father the king—appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans, and soothsayers.

For among all the king's wise men there is none like Daniel, whom the king called Belteshazzar; for he has a special spirit, knowledge, understanding, and skill to interpret dreams, explain riddles, and resolve difficult problems.

Then Daniel was brought in before the king. The king answered and said to Daniel, "Are you that Daniel who is one of the exiles of Judah, whom my father the king brought from Judah?"

I have heard of you that the spirit of the holy gods is in you, and that light and understanding and excellent wisdom have been found in you. Now the wise men, enchanters, magicians, and Chaldeans were brought before me to read this writing and make known its interpretation to me, but they could not explain the interpretation of the matter.

If you can read the writing and make its interpretation known to me, you shall be clothed in purple, and have a chain of gold put about your neck, and shall be the third ruler in the kingdom."

Then Daniel answered before the king, "Let your gifts be for yourself, and give your rewards to another; nevertheless I will read the writing to the king and make known to him the interpretation."

O king, the Most High gave Nebuchadnezzar your father the kingdom, greatness, glory, and honor. And by the greatness that he gave him all peoples, nations, and languages trembled and feared before him. Whom he pleased he put to death, and whom he pleased he spared; whom he pleased he exalted, and whom he pleased he humbled. But when his heart was proud and his spirit hardened in insolence, he was driven from his kingly throne and his glory was taken from him.

He was driven away from men, and his heart was made like the beasts', and his dwelling was with the wild donkeys; he fed on grass like oxen, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven until he knew that the Most High rules the kingdom of men and sets over it whomever he will. And you, Belshazzar, his son, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this.

You have exalted yourself against the Most High, and the vessels of his house have been brought into your presence; and you and your lords, your wives and your concubines have drunk wine from them and praised the gods of silver and gold, bronze, iron, wood, and stone—which neither see nor hear nor know. And the God in whose hand is your breath and all your ways you did not glorify.

Then from before him came forth the hand that wrote these words. And this is the writing that was inscribed: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, PARSIN.

This is the interpretation of the matter: MENE—God has numbered the days of your kingdom and brought it to an end.

TEKEL—you have been weighed on the scales and found wanting.

PERES—your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.

Then Belshazzar commanded that Daniel be clothed with purple, a chain of gold be put about his neck, and that he be proclaimed the third ruler in the kingdom.

That very night Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans was slain.