Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity
Jeremiah 52:31-34
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Jer.52.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- בשלשים: PREP+NUM,card,pl,abs
- ושבע: NUM,m,sg,abs
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לגלות: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהויכן: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- בשנים: PREP+NUM,m,pl
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- חדש: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- בעשרים: PREP+NUM,card,pl
- וחמשה: CONJ+NUM,m,pl
- לחדש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נשא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אויל: ADJ,m,sg
- מרדך: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- מלכתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהויכין: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- אותו: PRON,3,m,sg
- מבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הכלוא: ADJ,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 2 Kings 25:27-30 (quotation): Nearly identical narrative: Evil‑merodach (Evil‑Merodach) in the first year of his reign releases Jehoiachin from prison on the 25th day of the 12th month — the same event recounted in the Deuteronomistic history.
- 2 Kings 24:8-16 (thematic): Earlier account of Jehoiachin's capture and deportation to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, which provides the background for the exile from which he is released in Jer 52:31.
- 2 Chronicles 36:9-10 (thematic): Chronicles summarizes Jehoiachin's short reign and reports that he was taken captive to Babylon, paralleling the book‑wide tradition of his exile referred to in Jeremiah 52:31.
- Ezekiel 1:2 (structural): Ezekiel dates his visions 'in the fifth year of Jehoiachin's exile,' demonstrating that Jehoiachin's deportation served as a chronological marker in exilic literature — a dating practice related to the 37‑year reference in Jer 52:31.
- Jeremiah 22:24-30 (allusion): Jeremiah's earlier pronouncements concerning Jehoiachin (judgment, exile, and lack of progeny) form a prophetic context for Jehoiachin's fortunes and make the later notice of his release in Jer 52:31 especially notable.
Alternative generated candidates
- It came to pass in the thirty-seventh year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth day of the month, that Evil‑merodach king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah and brought him forth out of prison.
- In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth day of the month, Evil‑Merodach king of Babylon showed favor to Jehoiachin king of Judah in the year he began to reign and brought him out of the house of confinement.
Jer.52.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- טבות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- כסאו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ממעל: ADV
- לכסא: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cons
- המלכים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- בבבל: PREP+NOUN,prop,f,sg
Parallels
- 2 Kings 25:27-30 (quotation): Almost verbatim parallel: describes Evil‑merodach (Amel‑Marduk) showing favor to Jehoiachin, releasing him from prison, and setting his throne above the other kings in Babylon.
- 2 Kings 24:8-16 (structural): Background narrative: records Jehoiachin’s arrest and deportation to Babylon, the event that makes his later reception by the Babylonian king possible.
- Jeremiah 22:24-30 (allusion): Earlier prophetic oracle against Coniah/Jehoiachin (pronouncing disgrace and childlessness); this contrasts with the later unexpected honor he receives in Babylon and is often read as an ironic fulfillment/context for his fate.
- 1 Chronicles 3:17-18 (verbal): Genealogical listing of Jehoiachin (Jeconiah) and his sons in Babylon—links to his continued existence and status among exiles in Babylon noted in Jeremiah 52:32.
Alternative generated candidates
- He spoke kindly to him and set his seat above the seats of the kings who were with him in Babylon.
- He spoke kindly to him and set his throne above the throne of the kings who were with him in Babylon.
Jer.52.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בגדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- כלאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,mp
- ואכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לפניו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- תמיד: ADV
- כל: DET
- ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- חיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Kings 25:29-30 (verbal): Parallel account of Zedekiah’s capture and fate; explicitly states he was put in prison in Babylon and ‘ate bread before the king’ all the days of his life—language and event closely match.
- Jeremiah 39:6-7 (structural): Earlier narrative in Jeremiah proper describing the killing of Zedekiah’s sons, the putting out of his eyes, his binding and removal to Babylon—same episode and immediate context for his imprisonment.
- 2 Chronicles 36:11-21 (thematic): Chronicles’ summary of Zedekiah’s rebellious reign and the exile; thematically parallels the king’s downfall and Judah’s deportation that form the background to the imprisonment detail.
- Jeremiah 52:34 (structural): The adjacent verse in the same appendix continues the postscript material about the fate of Judah’s leaders and remnant in Babylon, functioning as a direct continuation of the same report.
Alternative generated candidates
- He changed the garments of his imprisonment, and he ate bread before him continually all the days of his life.
- He changed his prison garments, and he ate bread before him continually all the days of his life.
Jer.52.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וארחתו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m
- ארחת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תמיד: ADV
- נתנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- מאת: PREP
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביומו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff,3,m
- עד: PREP
- יום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מותו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- חייו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Kings 25:27-30 (verbal): Direct parallel account of Jehoiachin's release in the 37th year by the king of Babylon, including the wording that he 'ate bread continually' or received daily allowance all the days of his life — nearly identical report.
- Jeremiah 52:31-33 (structural): Immediate context in the same chapter describing Evil‑merodach's favorable treatment of Jehoiachin, his release from prison and exaltation; verse 34 completes the account with the daily provision.
- 2 Chronicles 36:9-10 (thematic): Summarizes Jehoiachin's short reign and deportation to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, providing background for his captive status and later provisioning mentioned in Jer 52:34.
- 1 Chronicles 3:17-18 (thematic): Genealogical listing of Jehoiachin (Jeconiah) and his sons born in Babylon, corroborating his survival and continued household in exile referenced by the provision in Jeremiah 52:34.
Alternative generated candidates
- A continual allowance was given him by the king of Babylon—daily, day by day—until the day of his death, all the days of his life.
- A regular allowance was given him by the king of Babylon—daily rations, a portion each day—until the day of his death, all the days of his life.
It came to pass in the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth day of the month, that Evil‑Merodach king of Babylon, in the year he began to reign, lifted up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah and brought him out of prison.
He spoke kindly to him and gave him a seat higher than the seats of the kings who were with him in Babylon.
He changed his prison garments, and Jehoiachin ate bread in the king’s presence continually all the days of his life.
A regular allowance was given him by the king of Babylon—a daily portion, day by day—until the day of his death, all the days of his life.