Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus
John 10:22-42
John.10.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- τοτε: ADV
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- εγκαινια: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- εν: PREP
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- Ιεροσολυμοις·χειμων: NOUN,dat,pl,n
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- 1 Maccabees 4:52-59 (allusion): Describes the rededication of the Jerusalem altar and the origin of the Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah), providing the historical background for John’s brief mention of the feast.
- 2 Maccabees 10:6-8 (allusion): Gives an independent account of the institution/celebration of the dedication festival for eight days, illuminating the Jewish feast John names.
- John 7:14 (thematic): Like 10:22, situates Jesus at a Jewish festival in Jerusalem and highlights his public teaching/activity during a major feast—both verses use festival settings to frame Jesus’ ministry.
- John 6:4 (verbal): Employs the same Johannine practice of dating scenes by reference to Jewish feasts (here the Passover), comparable to 10:22’s temporal marker ‘it was winter’ attached to the Feast of Dedication.
Alternative generated candidates
- Now it was the Feast of Dedication in Jerusalem; it was winter.
- And it was the Feast of Dedication in Jerusalem; it was winter.
John.10.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- περιεπατει: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ιερω: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- στοα: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- Σολομωνος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- John 7:14 (thematic): Jesus is described as going up to the temple and teaching during a festival—parallel setting of Jesus’ public activity within the Temple precincts.
- John 8:20 (verbal): Explicitly states Jesus was teaching in the temple (ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ), paralleling John 10:23’s record of Jesus’ presence and ministry in the temple area.
- John 2:14-16 (thematic): The cleansing of the temple is another major episode of Jesus’ actions in the Temple, thematically connected to his authoritative presence there.
- Acts 3:11 (verbal): Uses the same locus—'Solomon’s porch/portico' (στοὰ Σολομῶνος)—the very location named in John 10:23, showing continuity of that specific place in early Christian narrative.
- Acts 5:12 (verbal): Reports the apostles gathering and performing signs in 'Solomon’s portico', echoing John 10:23’s reference to the porch of Solomon as a significant communal and religious space.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jesus walked in the temple, in Solomon's portico.
- Jesus was walking in the temple, in the portico of Solomon.
John.10.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εκυκλωσαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- ουν: CONJ
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- Ιουδαιοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- ελεγον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω·Εως: PRON,dat,sg,m,3
- ποτε: ADV
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- ψυχην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- αιρεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- συ: PRON,nom,sg,2
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- χριστος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ειπε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
- ημιν: PRON,dat,pl,1
- παρρησια: NOUN,dat,sg,f
Parallels
- Matthew 26:63–64 (quotation): At Jesus' trial the high priest directly asks whether he is the Christ/ Son of God; like John 10:24 this is a confrontational demand that Jesus declare his messianic identity plainly.
- Mark 14:61–62 (quotation): Mark's parallel to Matthew preserves the same formal question about Jesus' identity in a hostile, legal setting, echoing the demand in John 10:24.
- John 6:30 (thematic): The crowd asks Jesus, 'What sign then will you show us?'—a public demand for proof of who he is, comparable to the Jews' insistence in John 10:24 that Jesus declare himself the Christ.
- John 7:41–43 (thematic): People in Jerusalem debate whether Jesus is the Christ and question his origins ('Can the Christ come from Galilee?'), reflecting the same communal uncertainty and demand for clarification found in John 10:24.
- John 4:29 (allusion): The Samaritan woman's report ('Can this be the Christ?') exemplifies popular questioning about Jesus' messianic identity—an early example of the same issue behind the Jews' demand in John 10:24.
Alternative generated candidates
- So the Jews gathered around him and said, 'How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly.'
- So the Jews surrounded him and said to him, 'How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly.'
John.10.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- απεκριθη: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους·Ειπον: PROPN,nom,sg,m
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- και: CONJ
- ου: PART,neg
- πιστευετε·τα: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- εργα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- α: PRON,nom,sg,n
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- ποιω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ονοματι: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πατρος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- ταυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- μαρτυρει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- περι: PREP
- εμου·: PRO,gen,sg,1
Parallels
- John 5:36 (verbal): Uses almost identical claim that the works given by the Father and done by Jesus 'bear witness' to him—direct verbal parallel about works testifying to Jesus.
- John 14:11 (verbal): Jesus urges belief either in his unity with the Father or in the works themselves ('believe the works'), echoing the same argument that works testify to his identity.
- John 3:2 (thematic): Nicodemus concludes Jesus is 'a teacher come from God' because of the miracles he performs—an independent instance of using Jesus' works as evidence of divine commission.
- Luke 7:22 (cf. Matthew 11:4-5) (quotation): In reply to John the Baptist, Jesus points to his healings and works as proof of his messianic identity—same rhetorical use of deeds as validating his claim.
- Acts 2:22 (thematic): Peter testifies that Jesus was 'attested by God' through miracles, wonders and signs—apostolic application of the idea that Jesus' works are divine testimony about him.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jesus answered them, 'I told you, and you do not believe. The works I do in my Father's name bear witness about me.
- Jesus answered them, 'I told you, and you do not believe. The works that I do in my Father's name bear witness about me.
John.10.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- αλλα: CONJ
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- ου: PART,neg
- πιστευετε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εστε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- εκ: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- προβατων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- εμων: PRON,gen,pl,1
Parallels
- John 10:27 (verbal): Immediate literary parallel in the same discourse: Jesus defines his true followers as ‘my sheep’ who hear his voice and follow him, contrasting with those who do not believe.
- John 8:47 (verbal): Similar diagnostic formulation—‘He who is of God hears the words of God… you do not hear because you are not of God’—uses belonging to explain (un)belief, paralleling ‘you are not of my sheep.’
- John 6:44 (thematic): Addresses the theological reason for unbelief—‘no one can come to me unless the Father draws him’—which parallels Jesus’ attribution of unbelief to persons not being part of his flock.
- Romans 9:6 (structural): Uses a comparable exclusion formula (‘not all who are descended from Israel are Israel’) to distinguish true members from nominal ones, echoing the structural logic of ‘you are not of my sheep.’
- Matthew 7:23 (thematic): An eschatological counterpart where Jesus denies relationship to certain professing followers (‘I never knew you’), thematically akin to exclusion from his sheep and the consequences of not truly belonging.
Alternative generated candidates
- But you do not believe because you are not of my sheep, as I said to you.
- But you do not believe because you are not of my sheep.
John.10.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- προβατα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- εμα: ADJ,nom,pl,n
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- φωνης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- ακουουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- καγω: CONJ+PRON,nom,sg,1
- γινωσκω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- αυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- και: CONJ
- ακολουθουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- μοι: PRON,dat,sg,1
Parallels
- John 10:14 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel within the same discourse: 'I am the good shepherd; I know my sheep, and mine know me,' echoing mutual knowing and belonging.
- John 10:4-5 (verbal): Immediate context: describes how sheep hear the shepherd's voice and follow him, same vocabulary and idea of recognition and following.
- Psalm 23:1-3 (thematic): Classic shepherd imagery (the Lord as shepherd who leads, restores, and guides), thematically linked to Jesus' claim that his sheep hear and follow his voice.
- Ezekiel 34:11-16 (thematic): God as shepherd who seeks, knows, feeds, and tends his scattered sheep—background motif informing Jesus' shepherd language.
- Isaiah 40:11 (thematic): Shepherd motif describing tender care (gathers, carries, leads with care), resonant with the picture of sheep who recognize and follow their shepherd.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.
- My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.
John.10.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- καγω: CONJ+PRON,nom,sg,1
- διδωμι: VERB,pres,act,subj,1,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ζωην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- αιωνιον: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ου: PART,neg
- μη: PART
- απολωνται: VERB,aor,mid-pass,subj,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- αιωνα: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ουχ: PART,neg
- αρπασει: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,?
- αυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- εκ: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- χειρος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
Parallels
- John 10:27-29 (verbal): Immediate context: repeats and expands the same promise—Jesus’ sheep hear his voice, have eternal life, and 'no one is able to snatch them out of my Father's hand,' echoing 'no one will snatch them out of my hand.'
- John 6:39-40 (thematic): Jesus speaks of giving eternal life to those the Father gives him and of securing their resurrection/eternal destiny—parallel assurance that the given will not be lost.
- John 5:24 (thematic): Promise that hearing Jesus' word and believing grants eternal life and passes believers from death to life—another Johannine statement of assured, present possession of eternal life.
- Romans 8:38-39 (thematic): Paul’s assurance that nothing can separate believers from the love of God in Christ resonates with Jesus’ claim that no one can snatch his sheep from his hand—both affirm inseparability and security.
- Hebrews 7:25 (thematic): The high priestly role of Christ who 'is able to save completely those who draw near to God through him' parallels the idea that Christ gives and preserves eternal life for his people.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'I give them eternal life, and they will never perish—no one will snatch them out of my hand.
- I give them eternal life, and they will never perish; and no one will snatch them out of my hand.
John.10.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- πατηρ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δεδωκεν: VERB,perf,act,ind,3,sg
- μοι: PRON,dat,sg,1
- παντων: ADJ,gen,pl,m
- μειζων: ADJ,comp,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- ουδεις: PRON,nom,sg,m
- δυναται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
- αρπαζειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- εκ: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- χειρος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πατρος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- John 10:28 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same discourse—Jesus says he gives them eternal life and that no one can snatch them out of his hand, closely echoing the language of security and divine possession.
- John 6:37 (verbal): Shares the motif of 'the Father giving' people to the Son and the resulting assurance—'all that the Father gives me will come to me, and I will not cast out'—emphasizing the irreversible gift and protection.
- Romans 8:38-39 (thematic): Develops the same theological theme of inseparability: nothing (neither death nor any created thing) can separate believers from God's love in Christ, paralleling the claim that no one can snatch them from the Father's hand.
- 1 Peter 1:5 (thematic): Speaks of believers being 'kept by the power of God' for salvation, echoing the Johannine assurance of believers' preservation under the Father's (and Son's) protecting care.
- Hebrews 7:25 (thematic): Affirms Christ's continual intercession and ability to save completely those who draw near to God, supporting the concept of unbroken security and preservation found in John 10:29.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father's hand.
- My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all, and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father's hand.
John.10.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- και: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- πατηρ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- εσμεν: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,pl
Parallels
- John 14:9-11 (verbal): Jesus explains the same reality in different words: 'He who has seen me has seen the Father' and 'I am in the Father and the Father in me,' restating the unity of Father and Son found in 10:30.
- John 10:38 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same discourse: Jesus again asserts 'the Father is in me and I in the Father' and appeals to his works as evidence of that unity.
- John 17:21-22 (structural): In his high-priestly prayer Jesus prays that believers 'may be one, even as we are one,' using the Father–Son unity of 10:30 as the structural paradigm for ecclesial unity.
- John 5:18 (thematic): The Jewish leaders interpret Jesus' claims (e.g., equal status with the Father) as a claim to divine equality, showing how assertions like 'I and the Father are one' were understood and contested.
- Colossians 2:9 (thematic): Paulic theology affirms that 'in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,' a doctrinal parallel to the Johannine claim about the unique oneness between the Father and the Son.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'I and the Father are one.'
- I and the Father are one.
John.10.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εβαστασαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- ουν: CONJ
- παλιν: ADV
- λιθους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- Ιουδαιοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- ινα: CONJ
- λιθασωσιν: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- John 8:59 (verbal): Same wording and mob action—'took up stones to stone him'—occurs earlier when Jesus confronts his opponents, showing a recurring hostile reaction to his claims.
- John 10:33 (verbal): Immediate verbal explanation for the stoning attempt: the Jews accuse Jesus of blasphemy—'because you, being a man, make yourself God'—making explicit the motive behind the stones.
- Leviticus 24:16 (allusion): Old Testament law prescribing death by stoning for blasphemy against God; provides the legal/religious background for the crowd’s attempted execution of Jesus.
- Deuteronomy 13:6-10 (thematic): Prescribes communal stoning for leading others to apostasy/idolatry; parallels the communal enforcement of religious norms by stoning in the narrative context.
- Acts 7:58-60 (thematic): The stoning of Stephen (motivated by charges of blasphemy) echoes the pattern of hostile religiously‑motivated mob execution exemplified here in John's Gospel.
Alternative generated candidates
- The Jews again picked up stones to stone him.
- Again the Jews took up stones to stone him.
John.10.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- απεκριθη: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους·Πολλα: NOUN,nom,sg,m+ADJ,acc,pl,n
- εργα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- καλα: ADJ,acc,pl,n
- εδειξα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- εκ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πατρος·δια: NOUN,gen,sg,m+PREP
- ποιον: PRON,acc,sg,n
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- εργον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εμε: PRON,acc,sg,1
- λιθαζετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- John 5:36 (verbal): Both speak of the works the Father has given Jesus and present those works as testimony to his divine mission ('the works which the Father has given me to finish' / 'many good works I have shown you from the Father').
- John 10:25 (verbal): Immediate Johannine parallel: Jesus explicitly states that the works he does in the Father's name bear witness to him, closely matching the claim in 10:32 that his works come from the Father.
- John 10:31 (structural): Direct narrative continuation: verse 31 records the Jews picking up stones to stone Jesus, directly answering the question of 10:32 ('for which of them do you stone me?').
- John 9:16 (thematic): Both passages highlight conflicting responses to Jesus' miraculous works—some deny their divine origin and use them as grounds for rejecting or condemning him.
- Matthew 12:24 (thematic): A Synoptic parallel where opponents attribute Jesus' miraculous works to demonic power rather than to God, reflecting the hostile reinterpretation of his 'good works' seen in John 10:32.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jesus answered them, 'I have shown you many good works from the Father; for which of these do you stone me?'
- Jesus answered them, 'I have shown you many good works from the Father; for which of these works do you stone me?'
John.10.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- απεκριθησαν: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- Ιουδαιοι·Περι: NOUN,nom,pl,m;PREP
- καλου: ADJ,gen,sg,n
- εργου: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- ου: PART,neg
- λιθαζομεν: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,pl
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- αλλα: CONJ
- περι: PREP
- βλασφημιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- οτι: CONJ
- συ: PRON,nom,sg,2
- ανθρωπος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- ποιεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- σεαυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- θεον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Leviticus 24:16 (allusion): Mosaic law prescribing death by stoning for blasphemy—legal background for the Jews’ charge against Jesus.
- John 5:18 (structural): In the same Gospel the Jews seek to kill Jesus because he calls God his Father and ‘makes himself equal with God,’ the same theme as 10:33.
- Mark 2:7 (cf. Luke 5:21) (thematic): Scribes accuse Jesus of blasphemy when he forgives sins—an objection to his claiming a divine prerogative.
- Matthew 26:65-66 (verbal): At his trial the high priest exclaims that Jesus has spoken blasphemy and the council condemns him—parallel wording and charge.
- Acts 6:13-14 (verbal): False witnesses allege Stephen spoke blasphemous words against Moses and God—uses the same accusation of blasphemy against a claimant to divine authority.
Alternative generated candidates
- The Jews answered him, 'It is not for a good work that we are going to stone you but for blasphemy, because you, being a man, make yourself God.'
- The Jews answered him, 'It is not for a good work that we are going to stone you but for blasphemy, because you, being a man, make yourself equal with God.'
John.10.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- απεκριθη: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους·Ουκ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- γεγραμμενον: VERB,perf,pass,part,nom,sg,n
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- νομω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- οτι: CONJ
- Εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- ειπα·Θεοι: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- εστε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 82:6 (quotation): John 10:34 explicitly quotes the wording of Ps 82:6 (“I said, ‘You are gods’”) as Jesus’ scriptural proof-text for his claim.
- Psalm 82:1-7 (allusion): The broader psalm addresses corrupt judges called ’gods’ (elohim) who will die like men; Jesus invokes this context to argue from Scripture about title and authority.
- John 10:30-33 (structural): Immediate context: Jesus’ declaration “I and the Father are one” provokes the charge of blasphemy that prompts his citation of Scripture in 10:34.
- John 10:36 (verbal): Continuation of the same argument and defense: Jesus reiterates his status (Son of God) and explains why his claim is not blasphemous, building on the Ps 82 citation.
- John 5:17-18 (thematic): Earlier charge of blasphemy (Jesus making himself equal with God) parallels the accusation in John 10 and shows the recurring Johannine theme of Jesus’ divine claims and scriptural defenses.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jesus answered them, 'Is it not written in your law, I said, you are gods?'
- Jesus answered them, 'Is it not written in your Law, “I said, you are gods”?
John.10.35 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- εκεινους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- θεους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- προς: PREP
- ους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- λογος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- ου: PART,neg
- δυναται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
- λυθηναι: VERB,aor,pass,inf
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- γραφη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
Parallels
- Psalm 82:6 (quotation): Direct source quoted by Jesus: 'I said, You are gods' (addressing human judges in the divine council), which John 10:34–35 cites to defend Jesus' claim.
- Psalm 82:1–4 (structural): Context of Psalm 82 (God presiding over a divine council and judging unjust rulers) provides the background sense in which humans are called 'gods'—the passage Jesus invokes.
- John 10:34–36 (verbal): Immediate Johannine context: Jesus cites Psalm 82 to answer the charge of blasphemy and argues from Scripture that his claim as the Son of God is not unlawful.
- Acts 17:29 (thematic): Paul's language that humans are 'God's offspring' (ὅτι γὰρ ἐσμὲν γένος θεοῦ) echoes the theme of divine-related status/sonship applied to humans in Psalm 82 and in Jesus' argument.
- Matthew 26:63–66 (thematic): The high priest's charge of blasphemy against Jesus for claiming divine sonship parallels the antagonistic reaction reflected in John 10, where Jesus' status as Son of God triggers accusations.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'If he called them gods to whom the word of God came — and the Scripture cannot be broken —
- If he called them gods to whom the word of God came—and Scripture cannot be broken—
John.10.36 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ον: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- πατηρ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ηγιασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- απεστειλεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- κοσμον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- λεγετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- Βλασφημεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- ειπον·Υιος: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ειμι: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
Parallels
- John 10:33 (structural): Immediate context: the Jewish leaders accuse Jesus of blasphemy for making himself God—directly connected to the charge addressed in 10:36.
- John 5:18 (thematic): Those Jews sought to kill Jesus because he called God his Father, thereby claiming a unique sonship and equality with God—same theme of sonship provoking charges of blasphemy.
- Matthew 26:63-65 (quotation): At Jesus' trial before the high priest he affirms that he is the Son of God/Christ and the council pronounce this blasphemy—parallel judicial reaction to a claim of divine sonship.
- John 3:16-17 (thematic): Speaks of the Father sending the Son into the world—parallels John 10:36's language 'whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world' and grounds Jesus' mission and identity.
- Psalm 2:7 (allusion): The OT declaration 'You are my Son; today I have begotten you' is the background for NT claims about Jesus' sonship; John 10:36's defense of Jesus as Son echoes this messianic sonship motif.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'do you say of him whom the Father consecrated and sent into the world, 'You blaspheme,' because I said, 'I am the Son of God'?'
- do you say of the one whom the Father consecrated and sent into the world, “You are blaspheming,” because I said, “I am the Son of God”?'
John.10.37 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ου: PART,neg
- ποιω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- εργα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πατρος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- μη: PART
- πιστευετε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- μοι·: PRON,dat,sg,1
Parallels
- John 5:36 (verbal): Both verses appeal to the 'works' given by the Father as testimony to Jesus' identity and mission ('the works that the Father has given me to accomplish... bear witness about me').
- John 10:25 (structural): Immediate context: Jesus already states that the works he does in the Father's name testify about him, leading directly into the challenge in 10:37 not to believe him if he does not do the Father's works.
- Matthew 11:4-6 (thematic): Jesus points John the Baptist to his miraculous works (healings, good news) as confirmation of his messianic identity—parallel use of works as evidence of divine sending.
- Acts 2:22 (thematic): Peter’s preaching cites Jesus' mighty works, wonders, and signs as attestation by God—early Christian summary of the same evidential function of Jesus' works.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'If I do not do the works of my Father, do not believe me; but if I do them, even if you do not believe me, believe the works, so that you may know and understand that the Father is in me and I in the Father.'
- If I do not the works of my Father, do not believe me; but if I do them, even if you do not believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me and I in the Father.
John.10.38 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- δε: CONJ
- ποιω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- καν: PART
- εμοι: PRON,dat,sg,1
- μη: PART
- πιστευητε: VERB,pres,act,subj,2,pl
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- εργοις: NOUN,dat,pl,n
- πιστευετε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- ινα: CONJ
- γνωτε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- και: CONJ
- γινωσκητε: VERB,pres,act,subj,2,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- εν: PREP
- εμοι: PRON,dat,sg,1
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- πατηρ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- καγω: CONJ+PRON,nom,sg,1
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- πατρι: NOUN,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- John 10:25 (verbal): Immediate context: Jesus appeals to the works he does in his Father's name as bearing witness to who he is, a direct precursor to 10:38's call to believe the works.
- John 14:11 (verbal): Same formulation—'Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father in me; or else believe the works'—repeats the exact appeal to Jesus' works as proof of his unity with the Father.
- John 14:10 (thematic): Explains the same reality: the Father dwells in Jesus and does his works through him, underpinning 10:38's claim of Father and Son mutual indwelling.
- John 5:36 (thematic): Jesus says the works the Father gave him to accomplish bear witness to him—parallels 10:38's appeal to the works as evidence of the Father in him.
- John 14:9 (quotation): 'Whoever has seen me has seen the Father' is a closely related statement of identity/representation that complements 10:38's emphasis on knowing the Father through Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- Again they sought to seize him, and he escaped their hand.
- Again they sought to seize him, but he escaped from their hands.
John.10.39 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εζητουν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- ουν: CONJ
- παλιν: ADV
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- πιασαι·και: VERB,aor,act,inf
- εξηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εκ: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- χειρος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- John 7:30 (verbal): Same motif and similar wording — opponents seek to seize Jesus but are unable to lay hands on him (’they sought to seize him…no one laid hands’), emphasizing divine timing.
- John 8:59 (structural): Crowd attempts to stone Jesus; he 'hid himself' and went out of the temple through the midst of them — a parallel episode where Jesus eludes violent action and departs from the crowd.
- Luke 4:29-30 (thematic): Jesus is driven to the brow of a hill to be thrown off, but 'he passed through the midst of them and went on his way' — thematically similar escape from a hostile attempt to seize or kill him.
- Acts 5:18-20 (thematic): The apostles are seized by the authorities but are miraculously released ('an angel of the Lord opened the prison doors and brought them out') — a related theme of opponents' attempts frustrated and divine deliverance.
Alternative generated candidates
- He went away again across the Jordan to the place where John had been baptizing at first; and there he remained.
- And he went away again beyond the Jordan to the place where John was first baptizing; and there he remained.
John.10.40 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- απηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- παλιν: ADV
- περαν: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- Ιορδανου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- τοπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- οπου: ADV,rel
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- Ιωαννης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πρωτον: ADV
- βαπτιζων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- εμεινεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εκει: ADV
Parallels
- John 1:28 (verbal): Same geographical marker and activity: identifies the place 'beyond the Jordan' (Bethany/Bethabara) where John was baptizing—the exact site to which Jesus returns in John 10:40.
- John 3:23 (thematic): Again highlights John’s baptizing activity and his movement between baptismal sites (Aenon near Salim), providing broader context for John’s itinerant baptismal ministry referenced in John 10:40.
- John 11:54 (thematic): Jesus withdraws from Judean hostility and remains in another region (Ephraim) with his disciples—parallels the motif of withdrawal and temporary residence found in John 10:40.
- Matthew 4:12 (thematic): After John’s arrest (or rising opposition), Jesus withdraws to another region (Galilee); parallels the pattern of Jesus relocating in response to shifting circumstances or danger, as in John 10:40.
Alternative generated candidates
- Many came to him and said, 'John performed no sign, but all that John said about this man was true.'
- Many came to him and said, 'John performed no sign, but everything John said about this man was true.'
John.10.41 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- πολλοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- ηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- προς: PREP
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ελεγον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- Ιωαννης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- μεν: PART
- σημειον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εποιησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ουδεν: PRON,acc,sg,n
- παντα: ADJ,nom,pl,n
- δε: CONJ
- οσα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- Ιωαννης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- περι: PREP
- τουτου: DEM,gen,sg,m
- αληθη: ADJ,nom,sg,n
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- John 1:6-8 (verbal): John is identified as a witness who came to testify about the Light (Jesus), emphasizing his role as a testimony-bearer rather than a miracle-worker, which parallels 10:41's claim that John performed no sign but spoke the truth.
- John 1:34 (verbal): John's explicit testimony 'I have seen and have borne witness that this is the Son of God' echoes 10:41's affirmation that what John said about Jesus was true.
- John 5:33-35 (quotation): Jesus says 'You sent to John, and he testified to the truth' and calls John a burning and shining lamp—an explicit statement about John's truthful testimony parallel to 10:41.
- John 3:26-30 (thematic): People were coming to John and discussing his relationship to Jesus; John insists his role is to point to Christ ('He must increase, I must decrease'), aligning with 10:41's focus on John's truthful witness rather than signs.
- Luke 7:24-28 (thematic): Jesus defends John's prophetic role to those who asked what they went out to see, affirming John's prophetic authority and countering popular expectations about signs—closely related to 10:41's note that John did no sign yet spoke the truth.
Alternative generated candidates
- And many believed in him there.
- And many believed in him there.
John.10.42 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- πολλοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- επιστευσαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- εκει: ADV
Parallels
- John 2:23 (verbal): Uses the same basic wording—'many believed'—linking belief in Jesus to the witnessing of his signs.
- John 4:39 (verbal): Reports that many Samaritans 'believed in him' after hearing testimony about Jesus, a parallel instance of local response to Jesus' witness.
- John 7:31 (verbal): States that 'many believed in him' during Jesus' teaching at the festival, another Johannine note of widespread, but variable, belief.
- John 8:30 (verbal): Says 'many believed in him' as a result of his words—parallels John 10:42's concise summary of conversion following encounter with Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they said to the Jews, 'We know that this is indeed the one about whom Moses in the Law and the prophets wrote.'
- And they stayed with him in that place.
At that time the Feast of Dedication took place in Jerusalem, and it was winter.
Jesus was walking in the temple, in Solomon's colonnade. So the Jews gathered around him and said, "How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly."
Jesus answered them, "I have told you, and you do not believe; the works that I do in my Father's name bear witness about me. But you do not believe because you are not of my sheep, as I told you.
My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.
I give them eternal life, and they will never perish; no one will snatch them out of my hand.
My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all, and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father's hand.
I and the Father are one.
The Jews picked up stones again to stone him.
Jesus answered them, "I have shown you many good works from the Father; for which of these do you stone me?"
The Jews answered him, "It is not for a good work that we stone you, but for blasphemy — because you, being a man, make yourself God."
Jesus answered them, "Is it not written in your Law, 'I said, You are gods'?
If he called those people 'gods,' to whom the word of God came—and Scripture cannot be set aside—
do you say of him whom the Father consecrated and sent into the world, 'You are blaspheming,' because I said, 'I am the Son of God'?
If I do not do the works of my Father, do not believe me; but if I do them, even if you do not believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me and I am in the Father.
Again they sought to seize him, and he escaped from their hands. And he went away again across the Jordan to the place where John had been baptizing at first, and there he remained.
Many came to him and said, "John performed no sign, but everything that John said about this man was true." And many believed in him there.
For they said to one another, "John did no sign," and yet all that John spoke about this man proved true, and many put their faith in him there.