David’s Descendants and the Royal Line
1 Chronicles 3:1-24
1 C.3.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- היו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נולד: VERB,nifal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- בחברון: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הבכור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אמנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאחינעם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- היזרעאלית: ADJ,f,sg,def
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאביגיל: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הכרמלית: ADJ,f,sg,def
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 3:2-5 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel — Samuel lists the sons born to David in Hebron (Amnon, Daniel/Chileab, Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah, Ithream), corresponding to Chronicles’ Hebron-born catalogue.
- 2 Samuel 3:3 (verbal): Overlapping detail — identifies Abigail the Carmelite as the mother of David’s son Daniel (called Chileab in some traditions), matching the maternal attribution in Chronicles.
- 2 Samuel 5:14-16 (structural): Structural parallel/contrast — Samuel lists the sons born to David in Jerusalem, creating the complementary list to the Hebron-born sons enumerated in 1 Chronicles 3:1.
- 1 Chronicles 3:5 (structural): Internal parallel within Chronicles — this verse continues the genealogical scheme by listing the sons born to David in Jerusalem, mirroring the Hebron/Jerusalem division introduced in 1 Chronicles 3:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- And these were the sons of David who were born to him in Hebron: Amnon the firstborn, by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; Daniel the second, by Abigail the Carmelitess.
- These are the sons of David who were born to him at Hebron: the firstborn, Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelite; the second, Daniel, of Abigail the Carmelite.
1 C.3.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השלשי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- לאבשלום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מעכה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- תלמי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- גשור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הרביעי: ADJ,ord,m,sg,def
- אדניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חגית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 3:3 (verbal): Direct parallel listing: names Absalom as son of Maachah, daughter of Talmai king of Geshur, and Adonijah son of Haggith — essentially the same wording as Chronicles 3:2.
- 1 Chronicles 3:1 (structural): Immediate genealogical context — the opening verse of the same list of David’s sons (names born at Hebron), framing the sequence in which Absalom and Adonijah appear.
- 1 Chronicles 3:4 (structural): Continuation of the genealogical record of David’s offspring (those born in Jerusalem); complements 3:2 by situating these sons within the fuller family list.
- 2 Samuel 14:27 (thematic): Gives information about Absalom’s own children (three sons and a daughter Tamar), thematically linked to Absalom’s identity and lineage named in 1 Chr 3:2.
- 2 Samuel 5:14 (thematic): Lists other sons born to David in Jerusalem and parallels the broader catalogue of David’s offspring found in Chronicles 3, situating 3:2 within the larger household genealogy.
Alternative generated candidates
- The third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur; the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith.
- The third, Absalom, son of Maacah the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur; the fourth, Adonijah, son of Haggith.
1 C.3.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- החמישי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- שפטיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
- לאביטל: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs,prop
- הששי: NUM,ord,m,sg,def
- יתרעם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
- לעגלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs,prop
- אשתו: NOUN,f,sg,cs+3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:14-16 (verbal): Lists the sons born to David in Jerusalem (names overlapping with the genealogy in 1 Chronicles 3), providing a parallel roster of David’s offspring and matching several names.
- 1 Chronicles 14:4 (structural): A parallel list in the Chronicles corpus that reproduces the names of David’s sons born in Jerusalem, reflecting the same genealogical tradition and structure.
- 2 Samuel 12:24-25 (thematic): Narrates the birth and naming of Solomon to David and Bathsheba after the death of their first child, thematically linked to the mention of Solomon in the genealogical list.
- 1 Kings 1:28-39 (thematic): Describes the succession and anointing of Solomon (one of the sons named in the list) and Bathsheba’s role, connecting the genealogical reference to the political and dynastic outcome.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fifth, Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth, Ithream, by Eglah his wife.
- The fifth, Shephatiah, of Abital; the sixth, Ithream, of Eglah his wife.
1 C.3.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ששה: NUM,card,m,pl
- נולד: VERB,nifal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- בחברון: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וימלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- שבע: NUM,card
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- וששה: CONJ+NUM,card,pl
- חדשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ושלשים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- ושלוש: CONJ+NUM,card,sg
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:4-5 (quotation): Gives the same regnal data for David: he began to reign at 30, reigned 7 years 6 months in Hebron and 33 years in Jerusalem — nearly identical wording and facts.
- 2 Samuel 2:11 (quotation): Records that David was king over Judah in Hebron seven years and six months, paralleling the Hebron portion of the regnal summary.
- 1 Kings 2:11 (verbal): Summarizes David's total reign as forty years, noting 7 years in Hebron and 33 in Jerusalem, echoing the same chronology.
- 1 Chronicles 29:27 (verbal): Another Chronicler's summary of David's reign length (40 years) and the division between Hebron and Jerusalem, reiterating the regnal figures.
Alternative generated candidates
- These six were born to him in Hebron, and he reigned there seven years and six months; and thirty-three years he reigned in Jerusalem.
- These six were born to him at Hebron. He reigned there seven years and six months; thirty‑three years he reigned in Jerusalem.
1 C.3.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- נולדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- בירושלים: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שמעא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושובב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונתן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ושלמה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארבעה: NUM,card,m,sg
- לבת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- שוע: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- עמיאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:14 (quotation): Almost verbatim parallel list of David’s sons born in Jerusalem—Shammua (Shemaah), Shobab, Nathan and Solomon by Bathsheba (Bath‑shua) daughter of Ammiel.
- 2 Samuel 12:24 (verbal): Records the birth of Solomon to David and Bathsheba and David’s naming/comforting of her—connects specifically with Solomon’s parentage mentioned in 1 Chr 3:5.
- 1 Chronicles 14:4 (structural): Notes that David took more wives and concubines in Jerusalem and that additional sons and daughters were born there—provides the broader genealogical context for the births named in 1 Chr 3:5.
- 1 Kings 1:11-13 (allusion): Describes Bathsheba and the prophet Nathan intervening on behalf of Solomon—links Bathsheba (mother of Solomon) and Nathan (one of David’s sons listed in 1 Chr 3:5/2 Sam 5:14) in the narrative of Solomon’s elevation.
Alternative generated candidates
- And these were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon—four, by Bath‑shua the daughter of Ammiel.
- And these were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon—four—by Bath‑shua daughter of Ammiel.
1 C.3.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבחר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ואלישמע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואליפלט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Sam 5:14-16 (verbal): Gives the list of sons born to David (in Hebron/Jerusalem) and includes the same personal names (Ibhar/יבחר, Elishama, Eliphelet), a direct verbal parallel.
- 1 Chr 14:4 (verbal): Another chronicler’s recital of the sons born to David in Hebron, repeating the same names found in 1 Chr 3:6.
- 1 Chr 3:5 (structural): The immediately preceding verse in the same chapter; part of the same genealogical sequence and context (continuation of David’s sons and descendants).
- Matt 1:1-16 (thematic): Matthew’s genealogy traces David’s line and highlights the royal/mesianic lineage; thematically parallels Chronicles’ focus on Davidic descent and family lines.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ibhar, Elishama, and Eliphelet.
- Also Ibhar, Elishama, and Eliphelet,
1 C.3.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונגה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ונפג: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ויפיע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 3:1-9 (structural): Immediate genealogical context: the chapter lists the descendants of David/Jeconiah among whom the names in v.7 appear; parallel in form and purpose (genealogical register).
- Jeremiah 22:24-30 (thematic): Jeremiah pronounces judgment on Jehoiachin/Jeconiah and his offspring—themewise relevant because 1 Chr 3 preserves the post‑exilic genealogy of Jeconiah’s line to which these names belong.
- Ezra 3:2 (verbal): Lists Zerubbabel (a descendant of Shealtiel/Jeconiah) as a leader at the rebuilding of the temple; connects the same Davidic/Jeconiah lineage recorded in 1 Chr 3 to postexilic restoration figures.
- Matthew 1:12 (verbal): New Testament genealogy records the line 'after the exile to Babylon, Jeconiah begot Shealtiel,' echoing the Davidic/Jeconiah genealogical tradition preserved in 1 Chr 3 (the verse’s names belong to that lineage).
Alternative generated candidates
- And Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia.
- and Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia,
1 C.3.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלישמע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ואלידע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ואליפלט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- תשעה: NUM,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:14-16 (verbal): Direct parallel list of David’s sons born in Jerusalem; many of the same names (e.g., Elishama/Elishama, Eliphelet/Eliphelet) appear, showing overlap with Chronicles’ genealogy.
- 2 Samuel 3:2-5 (verbal): Lists sons born to David in Hebron (e.g., Amnon, Chileab, Absalom, etc.); provides a complementary genealogical list that contrasts the Hebron-born sons with those born later in Jerusalem.
- 1 Chronicles 3:4-9 (structural): Immediate canonical context: the surrounding verses in the same chapter contain the fuller genealogy of David’s sons and explain that verse 8 is one item in this sequence of names.
- 1 Chronicles 14:4 (thematic): Notes that David took more wives and concubines in Jerusalem and had sons there; thematically related to the statement in 1 Chronicles 3 recording sons associated with Jerusalem.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Elishama, Elidad, and Eliphelet—nine in all.
- and Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet—nine in all.
1 C.3.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלבד: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- פילגשים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ותמר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אחותם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 3:1-4 (verbal): Immediate context in Chronicles that lists David’s sons by his wives (the names that 3:9 summarizes/excludes).
- 2 Samuel 3:2-5 (verbal): Parallel list in Samuel of the sons born to David at Hebron by his wives (Amnon, Chileab/Daniel, Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah, Ithream).
- 2 Samuel 5:13 (thematic): Reports David’s taking of concubines in Jerusalem and additional children born to him—background for why 1 Chr 3:9 excludes the sons of concubines.
- 2 Samuel 13:1 (allusion): Identifies Tamar as David’s daughter and Absalom’s sister; helps confirm the Tamar named in 1 Chr 3:9.
- 1 Chronicles 14:3 (verbal): Chronicles’ parallel statement that David took more concubines and had further sons and daughters, explaining the separate status of concubines’ children in genealogies.
Alternative generated candidates
- All the sons of David, besides the sons of his concubines, and Tamar their sister.
- All the sons of David, besides the sons of his concubines and Tamar their sister.
1 C.3.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- רחבעם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אביה: NOUN,m,sg,suff
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- אסא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- יהושפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Matthew 1:7 (verbal): The New Testament genealogy repeats the same sequence—Solomon → Rehoboam → Abijah (Abia) → Asa → Jehoshaphat—word for word as part of Jesus’ lineage.
- 1 Kings 14:31 (verbal): Reports Solomon’s death and states that Rehoboam his son reigned in his place, directly echoing the succession named in 1 Chronicles 3:10.
- 2 Chronicles 9:31 (verbal): Parallel summary of Solomon’s end and the succession of Rehoboam, repeating the basic genealogical/royal transition found in 1 Chronicles 3:10.
- 1 Kings 15:1-8 (thematic): Narrates the reigns of Abijam (Abijah) and Asa—who are listed in 1 Chronicles 3:10—giving historical/chronological details that expand the brief genealogical notice.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the son of Solomon was Rehoboam; his son Abijah; his son Asa; his son Jehoshaphat;
- And Solomon’s son: Rehoboam; his son Abijah; his son Asa; his son Jehoshaphat;
1 C.3.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יורם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- אחזיהו: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- יואש: NOUN,prop,sg,m
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- 2 Kings 8:25-26 (verbal): Gives the same royal names and succession — Jehoram (Joram) is king in Judah and is father of Ahaziah, paralleling the genealogical list.
- 2 Kings 11:1-3 (structural): Narrative account of Ahaziah’s death and the concealment and later accession of his son Joash (Jehoash), corresponding to the grandson named here.
- 2 Chronicles 22:8-12 (verbal): Parallel Chronicles passage that records Jehoram’s son Ahaziah and the events surrounding Ahaziah’s death, using the same familial connections.
- 2 Chronicles 24:1 (structural): Records Joash (the son of Ahaziah) becoming king at age seven, connecting the genealogical sequence to the ensuing reign.
- Matthew 1:8 (thematic): Part of the New Testament presentation of the Davidic royal line (includes Joram/Jehoram), thematically parallel as a genealogy of Judah’s kings.
Alternative generated candidates
- his son Joram; his son Ahaziah; his son Joash;
- his son Joram; his son Ahaziah; his son Joash;
1 C.3.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אמציהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- עזריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- יותם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- 2 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Names Amaziah (the father in this sequence) as king of Judah—parallels the genealogical placement of Amaziah in the Chronicle genealogy.
- 2 Chronicles 26:1 (verbal): Identifies Azariah (Uzziah) as the son of Amaziah and introduces his reign—directly corresponds to the Azariah listed as Amaziah’s son in 1 Chr 3:12.
- 2 Chronicles 27:1 (verbal): States that Jotham was the son of Uzziah (Azariah), matching the sequence of names (Amaziah → Azariah/Uzziah → Jotham) in the Chronicle genealogy.
- 2 Kings 15:1 (verbal): Records ‘Azariah son of Amaziah’ beginning to reign, a parallel verbal attestation of the same father‑son relationship found in 1 Chr 3:12.
Alternative generated candidates
- his son Amaziah; his son Azariah; his son Jotham;
- his son Amaziah; his son Uzziah; his son Jotham;
1 C.3.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אחז: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- חזקיהו: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- מנשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- 2 Kings 18:1 (verbal): Identifies Hezekiah as the son of Ahaz — the same father-son designation found in the genealogical line of 1 Chr 3:13 and introduces Hezekiah's reign.
- 2 Chronicles 29:1 (verbal): Chronicles' narrative likewise names Hezekiah son of Ahaz at the start of his reign, paralleling the genealogical identification in 1 Chr 3:13.
- 2 Kings 21:1 (verbal): Names Manasseh as the son of Hezekiah, providing the next generation in the royal succession that 1 Chr 3:13 lists.
- 2 Chronicles 33:1 (verbal): Chronicles' account likewise records Manasseh as Hezekiah's son, mirroring the genealogical sequence given in 1 Chr 3:13.
Alternative generated candidates
- his son Ahaz; his son Hezekiah; his son Manasseh;
- his son Ahaz; his son Hezekiah; his son Manasseh;
1 C.3.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אמון: NOUN,_,_,_,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- יאשיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- 2 Kings 21:18-26 (verbal): Lists Amon as son of Manasseh and records Amon’s reign and death; provides the same filial relation (Amon → Josiah) found in the Chronicles genealogy.
- 2 Chronicles 33:21-25 (thematic): Chronicles’ fuller treatment of Amon’s reign and assassination echoes the genealogical note in 1 Chronicles by situating Amon historically and morally within Judah’s kings.
- 2 Kings 22:1 (verbal): Names Josiah as the son of Amon and begins the account of Josiah’s reign, directly paralleling the genealogical pairing Amon → Josiah in 1 Chronicles 3:14.
- 2 Chronicles 34:1-7 (thematic): Provides the narrative of Josiah’s ascent and reforms; thematically connected to the genealogical entry by developing the life and significance of the named descendant Josiah.
Alternative generated candidates
- his son Amon; his son Josiah.
- his son Amon; his son Josiah.
1 C.3.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יאשיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הבכור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- יוחנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- יהויקים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השלשי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- צדקיהו: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הרביעי: ADJ,ord,m,sg,def
- שלום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Chronicles 36:4 (verbal): Direct, nearly identical genealogical listing of the sons of Josiah (naming Johanan, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, Shallum), serving as the parallel recension in Chronicles.
- 2 Kings 23:31-34 (structural): Narrative account of Josiah's successors that mentions his sons (Jehoahaz/Shallum and Jehoiakim) and describes their accession and fates, providing historical context for the names in the list.
- Jeremiah 22:11 (allusion): Refers to Shallum (called here son of Josiah who reigned in his stead), invoking the same individual named in the genealogical list and pronouncing judgment on him.
- 2 Kings 24:17 (thematic): Identifies Mattaniah (renamed Zedekiah) as a son of Josiah whom Nebuchadnezzar installed as king, linking the genealogical name Zedekiah to the subsequent political history.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
- The sons of Josiah: the firstborn, Johanan; the second, Jehoiakim; the third, Zedekiah; the fourth, Shallum.
1 C.3.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יהויקים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יכניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- צדקיה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- 2 Kings 24:8–17 (structural): Gives the royal succession and historical events connecting Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin (Jeconiah), and Zedekiah—paralleling the genealogical sequence named in 1 Chronicles 3:16.
- 2 Chronicles 36:5–10 (structural): Chronicles’ narrative account of the reigns of Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah corresponds to the same royal lineage listed in the Chronicler’s genealogy.
- Jeremiah 22:24–30 (thematic): Prophetic oracle against Coniah/Jeconiah (Jehoiachin) that addresses the fate and legitimacy of his offspring—thematises issues implicit in genealogical listings of Jehoiachin’s line.
- Jeremiah 52:31–34 (allusion): Records the later fate of Jehoiachin in Babylon (his release and provisions), which provides historical follow‑up to the genealogy that names Jehoiachin among Judah’s kings.
- Matthew 1:11–12 (verbal): In the Matthean genealogy Jeconiah (Jehoiachin) appears as an ancestor after the exile (and the father of Shealtiel), echoing the Chronicler’s listing of Jehoiachin and his descendants.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son.
- And the sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son.
1 C.3.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יכניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אסר: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- שאלתיאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Matthew 1:12 (verbal): Matthew's genealogy says Jeconiah (Jehoiachin) was the father of Shealtiel, directly paralleling the parent-child link recorded in 1 Chron 3:17.
- Ezra 3:2 (verbal): Ezra identifies Zerubbabel as 'son of Shealtiel,' linking Shealtiel (here named as Jeconiah's son) to the post-exilic leader Zerubbabel and continuing the same lineage.
- Luke 3:27 (structural): Luke's genealogy also includes Shealtiel and Zerubbabel but places them in a different paternal sequence (Shealtiel as son of Neri), reflecting a variant genealogical tradition related to the same persons.
- Jeremiah 22:30 (thematic): Jeremiah pronounces a curse on Jeconiah (Coniah/Jehoiachin) that none of his offspring will prosper on David's throne—an important theological context for lists of Jeconiah's descendants such as Shealtiel.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Jeconiah: Shealtiel his son.
- And the sons of Jeconiah: Assir, Shealtiel his son.
1 C.3.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומלכירם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ופדיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושנאצר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יקמיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הושמע: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- ונדביה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 3:17 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same genealogical sequence; the adjacent verse lists other sons of Jeconiah/Jehoiachin and directly connects to the names in v.18.
- Matthew 1:12 (verbal): New Testament genealogy of Jesus names Jeconiah's descendants (Salathiel/Shealtiel and Zerubbabel), echoing the same personal names found in 1 Chr 3:18.
- Luke 3:27 (thematic): Luke's Davidic genealogy includes Shealtiel (among other overlapping names); reflects parallel traditions of the same ancestral names though with differing filial attributions.
- Jeremiah 22:24-30 (thematic): Oracular pronouncement concerning Jehoiachin/Coniah and his offspring bears on the fate and legitimacy of the Davidic descendants listed in Chronicles.
- Ezra 3:2 (allusion): Postexilic record mentioning Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel; links the genealogical names in Chronicles to leaders active in the return and rebuilding of Jerusalem.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Shealtiel: Malchiram, Pedaiah, Shenazzar, Jekamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah.
- And Malchiram, Pedaiah, Shenazzar, Jekamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah.
1 C.3.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- פדיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- זרבבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושמעי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- זרבבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משלם: VERB,piel,part,3,m,sg
- וחנניה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושלמית: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אחותם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 3:17 (structural): Immediate internal parallel in the same genealogy of Jehoiachin/Jeconiah; surrounding verses list the same family line and variant names.
- Matthew 1:12 (structural): Matthew’s post-exilic genealogy names Shealtiel as father of Zerubbabel (contrasting with 1 Chr. 3:19’s attribution to Pedaiah), highlighting divergent genealogical traditions.
- Haggai 2:23 (verbal): Haggai addresses Zerubbabel as ‘son of Shealtiel’ and appoints him as God’s signet, linking the same Zerubbabel of 1 Chr. 3:19 to his leadership role in the restoration tradition.
- Ezra 2:2 (verbal): Lists Zerubbabel among the leading returnees from Babylon, connecting the Zerubbabel of 1 Chr. 3:19 with the postexilic leaders who rebuilt the community.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei; and the son of Zerubbabel, Meshullam and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister.
- The sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei; and the son of Zerubbabel: Meshullam, and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister.
1 C.3.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וחשבה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ואהל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וברכיה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,suff,3,m,sg
- וחסדיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,suff,3,m,sg
- יושב: VERB,qal,ptcp,1,m,sg
- חסד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
Parallels
- 2 Kings 24:8-17 (verbal): Gives the parallel royal genealogy and narrative about Jehoiachin (Jeconiah) and the events of the Babylonian exile that overlap with the names and family-lines recorded in 1 Chronicles 3.
- 2 Chronicles 36:9-10 (verbal): Provides a concise account of Jehoiachin's short reign and deportation to Babylon, paralleling the genealogical and historical material found in 1 Chronicles 3.
- Jeremiah 52:31-34 (allusion): Records the release of Jehoiachin in Babylon and other details about the exiled royal house — an event alluded to by the post-exilic genealogical concerns reflected in Chronicles.
- Matthew 1:11-12 (thematic): In the New Testament genealogy Jeconiah/Jehoiachin appears in the Davidic line leading to Jesus; thematically parallels Chronicles' interest in tracing the royal Davidic succession and descendants.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Hashubah, Ohel, Berachiah, and Hasadiah—those who dwelt at Chesed; five.
- And Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab‑hesed—five.
1 C.3.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חנניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פלטיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וישעיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- רפיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ארנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- עבדיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- שכניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Matthew 1:12 (structural): New Testament genealogy cites the same post‑exilic line (Jechoniah/Jeconiah → Shealtiel → Zerubbabel), paralleling the chronicler’s listing of Zerubbabel’s descendants that includes Hananiah’s line.
- Ezra 2:2 (structural): Lists Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel among the returnees from Babylon; parallels 1 Chronicles 3’s genealogy that traces Zerubbabel’s descendants (including Hananiah and his sons).
- Haggai 2:23 (allusion): God’s promise to Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel (chosen as a signet) thematically connects to the importance of Zerubbabel’s line recorded in 1 Chronicles 3, from which Hananiah and his sons descend.
- Jeremiah 22:24-30 (thematic): Prophecy concerning Jehoiachin/Coniah (Jechoniah) — the ancestor whose descendants are enumerated in 1 Chronicles 3 — thematically relates to the fate and status of this royal line.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the son of Hananiah: Pelatiah and Jeshaiah; the sons of Rephaiah; the sons of Arnan; the sons of Obadiah; the sons of Shecaniah.
- The sons of Hananiah: Pelatiah and Shemaiah; the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shecaniah.
1 C.3.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- שכניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמעיה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- שמעיה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- חטוש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ובריח: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונעריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושפט: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ששה: NUM,card,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 3:21 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse in the Davidic genealogy; continues the same family-listing pattern and helps situate the names of Shecaniah and his descendants within the broader Davidic line.
- 1 Chronicles 3:23 (structural): Further continuation of the same genealogical section in Chronicles; shows the same method of recording sons and grandchildren and provides parallel family-groupings for comparison.
- Ezra 10:2 (quotation): Shecaniah (Shechaniah) appears in Ezra 10 as a leader who confesses the community's sin and urges action (putting away foreign wives); connects the name and family‑identity across post‑exilic records.
- Nehemiah 12:1 (thematic): Lists priests and leading families returned from exile and appointed in Jerusalem; thematically parallels Chronicles’ interest in tracing priestly and prominent family lines (including names like Shecaniah/Shemaiah across post‑exilic records).
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Shecaniah: Shemaiah; and the sons of Shemaiah: Hattush, Igal, Beriah, Neharia, and Shephat—six.
- The sons of Shecaniah: Shemaiah. And the sons of Shemaiah: Hattush, Igal, Bariah, Neariah, and Shaphat—six.
1 C.3.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נעריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אליועיני: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחזקיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועזריקם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלשה: NUM,m
Parallels
- Jeremiah 36:4 (verbal): Mentions Baruch son of Neriah — links the same Neriah named in 1 Chr 3:23, showing Neriah’s prominence and family connections in Jeremiah’s narrative.
- Jeremiah 45:1 (allusion): Addresses Baruch son of Neriah; the verse connects to the Neriah family found in Chronicles and highlights the same household appearing in prophetic literature.
- 1 Chronicles 3:24 (structural): Immediate continuation of the genealogy: lists the sons of Elioenai (one of the sons named in 3:23), forming a direct structural parallel and continuation of the same family line.
- Nehemiah 7:7 (thematic): Part of the postexilic lists of returnees and genealogies (parallel to Ezra 2); thematically parallels Chronicles’ concern to preserve the genealogies of Judah’s leading families after the exile.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the son of Neharia: Elihoenai, Hizkiah, and Azrikam—three.
- And the son of Neariah: Elioenai; and Hizkiah and Azrikam—three.
1 C.3.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- אליועיני: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הודויהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואלישיב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ופליה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועקוב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויוחנן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ודליה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וענני: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שבעה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 3:21 (verbal): Nearly identical roster of the sons of Elioenai (Hodiyyah/Eliashib, Pelaiah, Akkub, Johanan, Delaiah, Anani), a close textual parallel within the same genealogical sequence.
- 1 Chronicles 2:3–15 (structural): Earlier section of Chronicles that constructs Judah’s and David’s extended family; shares the same genealogical genre and purpose of recording tribal/royal descent.
- Ruth 4:18–22 (thematic): A genealogical conclusion tracing the ancestry that leads to David; thematically parallels Chronicles’ interest in preserving Davidic lineage.
- Matthew 1:6–16 (thematic): The New Testament genealogy that situates Jesus in the line of David; thematically connected as another tradition preserving Davidic descent across generations.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sons of Elihoenai: Hodaviah, Eliashib, Pelaiah, Akkub, Johanan, Delaiah, and Anani—seven.
- And the sons of Elioenai: Hodaviah, Eliashib, Pelaiah, Akkub, Johanan, Deliah, and Anani—seven.
These were the sons of David who were born to him at Hebron: the firstborn Amnon by Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; the second, Daniel, by Abigail the Carmel‑woman.
The third, Absalom, by Maacah daughter of Talmai king of Geshur; the fourth, Adonijah, by Haggith.
The fifth, Shephatiah, by Abital; the sixth, Ithream, by Eglah his wife.
Six were born to him at Hebron, and he reigned there seven years and six months; and thirty‑three years he reigned in Jerusalem. And these were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon—four by Bath‑shua daughter of Ammiel.
Also Ibhar, Elishama, and Eliphelet.
Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia.
Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet—nine.
All the sons of David, besides the sons of his concubines and Tamar their sister. And Solomon's son was Rehoboam; his son, Abijah; his son, Asa; his son, Jehoshaphat;
his son Joram; his son Ahaziah; his son Joash;
his son Amaziah; his son Azariah; his son Jotham;
his son Ahaz; his son Hezekiah; his son Manasseh;
his son Amon; his son Josiah.
The sons of Josiah: Johanan the firstborn, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. And the sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son. And the sons of Jeconiah: Shealtiel his son. And the sons of Shealtiel: Melchiram, Pedaiah, Shenazzar, Jekamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. And the sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei; and the son of Zerubbabel: Meshullam, Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister. And Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab‑hesed—five. And the son of Hananiah, Pelatiah; and the sons of Ishiah; the sons of Rephaiah; the sons of Arnan; the sons of Obadiah; the sons of Shechaniah. And the sons of Shechaniah: Shemaiah; and the sons of Shemaiah: Hattush, Igal, Beriah, Neriah, and Shephat—six. And the son of Neriah: Elioenai, Hizkiah, and Azrikam—three. And the sons of Elioenai: Hodaiah, Eliashib, Peliah, Akkub, Johanan, Deliah, and Anani—seven.