Injustice and the Emptiness of Wealth and Desire

Ecclesiastes 5:8-6:12

About APB

Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Leviticus

The Burnt Offering 1:1-17 The Grain Offering 2:1-16 The Peace Offering 3:1-17 The Sin Offering 4:1-5:13 The Guilt Offering 5:14-6:7 The Burnt Offering—Priests’ Duties 6:8-13 The Grain Offering—Priests’ Portion 6:14-23 The Sin Offering—Priests’ Portion 6:24-30 The Guilt Offering—Priests’ Portion 7:1-10 The Peace Offering—Thanksgiving and Vows 7:11-21 Prohibited Fat and Blood 7:22-27 Concluding Regulations 7:28-38 The Priests Ordained 8:1-36 Priestly Ministry Begins 9:1-24 Nadab and Abihu 10:1-20 Clean and Unclean Animals 11:1-47 Purification After Childbirth 12:1-8 Laws for Leprosy—Skin Diseases 13:1-46 Leprous Garments 13:47-59 Cleansing of a Leper 14:1-32 Leprous Houses 14:33-57 Bodily Discharges 15:1-33 The Day of Atonement 16:1-34 The Place of Sacrifice; No Blood 17:1-16 Unlawful Sexual Relations 18:1-30 Holiness in Everyday Life 19:1-37 Penalties for Unholiness 20:1-27 Holiness of the Priests 21:1-22:16 Acceptable Offerings; Appointed Feasts Intro 22:17-23:2 The Sabbath 23:3 Passover and Unleavened Bread 23:4-8 Firstfruits 23:9-14 Weeks (Pentecost) 23:15-22 Trumpets 23:23-25 Day of Atonement 23:26-32 Booths 23:33-44 Tabernacle Lamps, Bread, and Blasphemer 24:1-23 Sabbath Year 25:1-7 The Year of Jubilee 25:8-55 Blessings for Obedience 26:1-13 Curses for Disobedience 26:14-46 Vows and Dedications 27:1-34

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

Judges

Israel's Conquest and Incomplete Possession 1:1-36 The Angel's Rebuke at Bokim 2:1-5 Israel's Apostasy and the Rise of Oppressors 2:6-3:6 Othniel Delivers Israel 3:7-11 Ehud's Assassination and Israel's Deliverance 3:12-30 Shamgar's Deliverance of Israel 3:31 Deborah and Barak's Victory Over Sisera 4:1-24 Deborah's Song of Victory 5:1-31 The Call of Gideon and the Signs of Faith 6:1-40 Gideon's 300 and the Defeat of Midian 7:1-25 Gideon's Pursuit and Execution of the Midianite Kings 8:1-21 Gideon Refuses Kingship and Makes an Ephod 8:22-27 Gideon's Death and Israel's Return to Idolatry 8:28-35 Abimelech's Usurpation and Destruction 9:1-57 Tola Judges Israel 10:1-2 Jair of Gilead Judges Israel 10:3-5 Israel's Apostasy and Jephthah's Tragic Deliverance 10:6-11:40 Jephthah's Clash with Ephraim and the 'Shibboleth' 12:1-7 Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon Rule Israel 12:8-15 The Birth of Samson and the Angelic Announcement 13:1-25 Samson's Marriage, Riddle, and Retaliation 14:1-20 Samson's Vengeance and Triumph over the Philistines 15:1-20 Samson and Delilah: Betrayal and Capture 16:1-22 Samson's Death and the Fall of the Philistine Temple 16:23-31 Micah's Idol and the Levite Priest 17:1-13 The Danites' Migration and the Theft of Micah's Idols 18:1-31 The Atrocity at Gibeah and the Levite's Grievance 19:1-30 Civil War: Israel vs. Benjamin 20:1-48 Aftermath of Civil War: Preservation of Benjamin 21:1-25

Ruth

Naomi's Loss and Ruth's Loyalty 1:1-22 Ruth Gleans in Boaz's Field 2:1-23 Ruth Entreats Boaz for Redemption 3:1-18 Boaz Redeems Ruth at the City Gate 4:1-12 Obed's Birth and David's Lineage 4:13-22

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Ezra

Cyrus' Decree and the Return of Temple Vessels 1:1-11 The List of Returning Exiles 2:1-70 The Altar Rebuilt and Worship Restored 3:1-6 Laying the Temple Foundation 3:7-13 Samaritans' Offer Rejected and Opposition Begins 4:1-5 Hostile Letters and the Suspension of Rebuilding 4:6-24 Prophets Renew the Work and Officials Inquire 5:1-17 Darius Confirms Cyrus' Decree and Orders the Temple Rebuilt 6:1-12 Completion and Dedication of the Temple 6:13-18 The Passover Celebrated by the Returnees 6:19-22 Ezra's Lineage, Call, and Preparations 7:1-10 Artaxerxes' Decree Granting Ezra Authority 7:11-28 The Register of Ezra's Companions 8:1-14 Ezra's Fast, Prayer, and Safe Journey to Jerusalem 8:15-36 Ezra's Confession over Intermarriage and Plea for Mercy 9:1-15 Public Repentance and the Proposal to Send Away Foreign Wives 10:1-17 The List of Men Who Separated from Foreign Wives 10:18-44

Nehemiah

Nehemiah's Prayer for Jerusalem 1:1-11 Nehemiah's Appeal and Commission 2:1-10 Nehemiah Inspects the Walls and Faces Opposition 2:11-20 The Repair of Jerusalem's Walls and Gates 3:1-32 Opposition to the Work and Defensive Preparations 4:1-23 Reform of Economic Oppression 5:1-19 Plots Against Nehemiah and His Steadfastness 6:1-14 The Wall Is Completed and Leaders Appointed 6:15-7:3 Enrollment of the Returned Exiles 7:4-72 The Law Is Read; Renewal and Celebration 7:73-8:18 Confession, Praise, and a Recital of Israel's History 9:1-37 Covenant Renewal and Commitments 9:38-10:39 Resettlement of Jerusalem and Its Towns 11:1-36 Register of Priests and Levites 12:1-26 Dedication of the Wall and Festal Processions 12:27-47 Nehemiah's Final Reforms and Purification 13:1-31

Esther

Ahasuerus' Banquet and Vashti's Removal 1:1-22 Esther Chosen as Queen 2:1-18 Mordecai Exposes a Plot Against the King 2:19-23 Haman Elevated and the Decree Against the Jews 3:1-15 Mordecai's Plea and Esther's Resolve 4:1-17 Esther Approaches the King and Invites Haman 5:1-8 Haman's Pride and Mordecai's Scorn 5:9-14 Mordecai Honored and Haman Humiliated 6:1-14 Esther Reveals Haman's Plot and He Is Hanged 7:1-10 Mordecai Elevated and a New Decree Permits Jewish Defense 8:1-17 The Jews Defend Themselves and Prevail in Susa 9:1-17 The Victory Celebrated and Purim Instituted 9:18-32 Mordecai's Exaltation and Legacy 10:1-3

Job

Job's Righteousness and Prosperity 1:1-5 The Accuser's Challenge and Job's Calamities 1:6-22 Satan's Second Test and Job's Endurance 2:1-10 Job's Friends Visit and Mourn Silently 2:11-13 Job's Lament: Cursing the Day of His Birth 3:1-26 Eliphaz's Accusation and Counsel 4:1-5:27 Job's Protest and Despair 6:1-7:21 Bildad's Assertion of Retributive Justice 8:1-22 Job on God's Sovereignty and His Complaint 9:1-10:22 Zophar's Rebuke and Call to Repentance 11:1-20 Job on God's Power and Human Mortality 12:1-14:22 Eliphaz Reproves Job and Defends Retribution 15:1-35 Job's Lament and Plea for a Mediator 16:1-17:16 Bildad's Description of the Wicked's Doom 18:1-21 Job's Lament, Isolation, and Declaration of Hope 19:1-29 Zophar on the Swift Punishment of the Wicked 20:1-29 Job Challenges Retribution Theology 21:1-34 Eliphaz Accuses Job and Urges Repentance 22:1-30 Job Seeks God and Laments Injustice 23:1-24:25 Bildad on God's Majesty and Human Insignificance 25:1-6 Job's Extended Defense: God's Power and the Friends' Failings 26:1-31:40 Elihu's Intervention: Rebuke and Praise of God's Majesty 32:1-37:24 God's Response from the Whirlwind and the Wonders of Creation 38:1-41:34 Job's Confession and Repentance 42:1-6 God Rebukes the Friends and Restores Job 42:7-17

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Ecclesiastes

The Preacher’s Theme: The Vanity of Human Endeavors 1:1-11 The Search for Wisdom and Its Burden 1:12-18 Experimenting with Pleasure and Achievement 2:1-11 Wisdom, Folly, and the Inevitability of Death 2:12-16 Toil, God's Gift, and Finding Satisfaction 2:17-26 A Time for Every Season: God’s Sovereignty and Human Limits 3:1-22 Oppression, Futility, and the Strength of Companionship 4:1-12 The Rise and Decline of a Youthful Leader 4:13-16 Approach God with Reverence: Beware Rash Vows and Idle Words 5:1-7 Injustice and the Emptiness of Wealth and Desire 5:8-6:12 Proverbs on Wisdom, Patience, and Righteous Living 7:1-8:1 The Limits of Wisdom: Authority, Injustice, and Life’s Uncertainties 8:2-17 The Common Destiny of All and the Call to Enjoy Life 9:1-12 Assorted Proverbs on Wisdom, Folly, and Disorder 9:13-10:20 Cast Your Bread Upon the Waters: Counsel on Risk and Generosity 11:1-6 Enjoy Youth and Remember Your Creator: The Approach of Old Age 11:7-12:8 Epilogue: The Teacher’s Conclusion — Fear God and Keep His Commands 12:9-14

Song

Prologue: Yearning for the Beloved's Kiss 1:1-4 The Shulamite's Humble Beauty and Search 1:5-7 An Invitation to Seek the Beloved 1:8 The Beloved's Praise and Bridal Adornments 1:9-11 Sensual Invitation: Spices and Fragrance 1:12-14 Mutual Admiration: You Are Beautiful 1:15 Mutual Belonging and Sheltered Love 1:16-17 The Bride's Humble Self‑Image 2:1 The Beloved as a Nourishing Presence 2:2 Protection of Love and the Coming Spring 2:3-13 A Call to the Daughters; Guard the Love 2:14-15 Belonging, a Night Search, and the Vineyard Charge 2:16-3:11 The Beloved's Bridal Ode: A Detailed Praise 4:1-16 A Visit to the Garden and a Missed Moment 5:1 The Bride's Night Search and Distress 5:2-8 Renewed Exclamation of the Beloved's Beauty 5:9 The Beloved's Encomium: A Garden of Delight 5:10-16 The Daughters Question the Beloved's Whereabouts 6:1 Confession: My Beloved Is Splendid 6:2-3 Regal Portrait of the Bride and Daughters' Praise 6:4-9 Recognition: Who Is This Rising? 6:10 A Journey to the King's House and Adornments 6:11-7:9 Mutual Possession and an Invitation to Intimacy 7:10-8:4 The Power and Permanence of Love 8:5-7 Concerns for the Young Sister's Marriage 8:8-9 The Bride's Independence and the Vineyard Metaphor 8:10-12 A Final Invitation and the Seal of Love 8:13-14

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Lamentations

Jerusalem's Lament over Her Desolation 1:1-22 The Lord's Wrath and Zion's Destruction 2:1-22 Suffering and Hope in God's Steadfast Love 3:1-66 The Fall of Jerusalem and Widespread Famine 4:1-22 A Communal Plea for Mercy and Restoration 5:1-22

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Daniel

Daniel and His Companions in Babylon 1:1-21 Daniel Prays for the King's Dream 2:1-23 The Statue Dream: Four Kingdoms and God's Kingdom 2:24-49 Faith Tested in the Fiery Furnace 3:1-30 Nebuchadnezzar's Dream of a Great Tree 4:1-18 Daniel's Counsel: A Call to Humble Repentance 4:19-27 Nebuchadnezzar's Humbling and Restoration 4:28-37 Belshazzar and the Writing on the Wall 5:1-31 Daniel in the Lions' Den 6:1-28 Vision of Four Beasts and the Son of Man 7:1-14 Interpretation: The Little Horn and Final Deliverance 7:15-28 Vision of the Ram and Goat and the Little Horn 8:1-14 Gabriel Explains the Vision to Daniel 8:15-27 Daniel's Prayer for Jerusalem 9:1-19 The Seventy Weeks Prophecy 9:20-27 A Heavenly Vision and Spiritual Conflict 10:1-11:1 Kings of the North and South: Wars and Persecution 11:2-35 The Willful King and His Doom 11:36-45 The Time of the End: Deliverance and Resurrection 12:1-13

Hosea

Hosea's Marriage and Symbolic Children 1:1-2:1 Israel Accused and Promised Restoration 2:2-23 Hosea Redeems His Unfaithful Wife 3:1-5 Israel's Corruption and Priestly Failure 4:1-19 Judgment on Leaders and Nation 5:1-15 Call to Repentance and Persistent Rebellion 6:1-7:16 Idolatry and Its Consequences 8:1-14 Exile Foretold and Judgment on Leaders 9:1-10:15 God's Compassion for Israel 11:1-11 Ephraim's Deceit and Call to Return 11:12-12:14 Ephraim's Destruction for Idolatry 13:1-16 Repentance and Promise of Restoration 14:1-9

Joel

The Locust Plague Devastates the Land 1:1-12 A Call to Lamentation and Fasting 1:13-20 The Alarm: The Day of the Lord Approaches 2:1-11 A Call to National Repentance 2:12-17 God's Promise to Restore the Harvest 2:18-27 The Outpouring of the Spirit and the Day of the Lord 2:28-32 The Judgment of the Nations in the Valley of Decision 3:1-16 Zion Restored and the Renewal of the Land 3:17-21

Amos

Judgment on the Nations and Judah 1:1-2:5 Israel Condemned for Social Injustice and Violence 2:6-16 Covenant Accountability and Certain Judgment 3:1-15 Ignored Warnings and Impending Judgment 4:1-13 A Lament and Call to Seek Justice 5:1-17 The Day of the Lord Is Darkness and Exile Foretold 5:18-27 Condemnation of the Complacent Elite 6:1-7 Judgment and National Downfall 6:8-14 Visions of Locusts, Fire, and the Plumb Line 7:1-9 Amos Confronts Amaziah; Judgment on the King's House 7:10-17 The End Has Come: Economic Oppression and Spiritual Famine 8:1-14 The Lord's Inescapable Judgment on Israel 9:1-10 Restoration: The Booth of David and Renewal of the Land 9:11-15

Obadiah

Oracle Against Edom: Judgment and Israel’s Restoration 1:1-21

Jonah

Jonah's Flight, the Storm, and the Great Fish 1:1-17 Jonah's Prayer from the Fish's Belly and Deliverance 2:1-10 Jonah Preaches in Nineveh; The City Repents 3:1-10 Jonah's Anger and God's Lesson of Compassion 4:1-11

Micah

The Lord Announces Judgment on Samaria 1:1-7 Lament Over the Desolation of Judah's Towns 1:8-16 Condemnation of Oppressors Who Covet Land 2:1-5 Rebuke of False Prophets and Complacent People 2:6-11 The Gathering of Jacob's Remnant 2:12-13 Condemnation of Corrupt Leaders and Prophets 3:1-12 The Mountain of the Lord and the Return of the Remnant 4:1-13 The Coming Shepherd from Bethlehem 5:1-5 Deliverance from Assyria and Judgment on Nations 5:6-15 God's Lawsuit and What the Lord Requires 6:1-8 Punishment for Social and Religious Corruption 6:9-16 A Prophet's Lament and Trust in God 7:1-7 Vindication and the Restoration of the Remnant 7:8-13 A Prayer for Restoration and God's Forgiving Mercy 7:14-20

Nahum

The Lord’s Judgment on Nineveh and Comfort for Judah 1:1-15 The Siege and Fall of Nineveh 2:1-13 Nineveh’s Wickedness and Doom 3:1-19

Habakkuk

The Prophet's Cry for Justice 1:1-4 God's Answer: Judgment by the Chaldeans 1:5-11 Questioning God's Justice and Watching for a Reply 1:12-2:1 The Written Vision, 'The Righteous Live by Faith,' and Woes on the Proud 2:2-20 A Prayer of Remembrance and Faithful Trust 3:1-19

Zephaniah

Superscription and Universal Judgment 1:1-3 Judgment on Judah and Jerusalem for Corruption 1:4-13 The Imminent Day of the Lord and Call to Repentance 1:14-2:3 Judgment on the Philistines and Promise to the Remnant 2:4-7 Condemnation of Moab and Ammon; Yahweh's Sovereignty Over the Nations 2:8-11 Judgment on Cush (Ethiopia) 2:12 The Fall of Nineveh and the Desolation of Assyria 2:13-15 Jerusalem's Guilt, Purification, and Promised Restoration 3:1-20

Haggai

The Call to Rebuild the Temple 1:1-15 Encouragement and Promise of the Temple's Glory 2:1-9 Cleansing, Holiness, and the Lord's Blessing 2:10-19 Zerubbabel Appointed as God's Signet 2:20-23

Zechariah

Call to Repentance and the Vision of Horsemen 1:1-17 The Horns and the Craftsmen: Judgment and Restoration 1:18-21 The Measuring Line and the Promise for Jerusalem 2:1-13 The Cleansing of Joshua the High Priest and the Promised Branch 3:1-10 The Lampstand, the Olive Trees, and Zerubbabel's Task 4:1-14 The Flying Scroll: Curse on Theft and Falsehood 5:1-4 The Basket and the Removal of Wickedness 5:5-11 The Four Chariots: God's Judgments Abroad 6:1-8 A Crown for the Priest and the Coming Branch 6:9-15 The Question of Fasting and a Call to Justice 7:1-14 Promises of Restoration and a Joyful Jerusalem 8:1-23 Oracle Concerning the Land of Hadrach 9:1 Judgment on Tyre and the Coastal Nations 9:2-8 The Coming Humble King and Israel's Return 9:9-13 The Lord's Triumph and Blessings on Zion 9:14-17 God's Power to Restore Israel and Judgment on Its Enemies 10:1-11:3 The Shepherd, the Two Staffs, and Israel's Rejection 11:4-17 Oracle Concerning Israel 12:1 God Will Defend Jerusalem Against the Nations 12:2-9 Mourning for the Pierced One and National Repentance 12:10-14 A Fountain of Cleansing and the End of False Prophets 13:1-6 The Struck Shepherd and the Purified Remnant 13:7-9 The Day of the Lord: Victory, Restoration, and Universal Worship 14:1-21

Malachi

God's Love for Jacob and Judgment on Edom 1:1-5 Priests Rebuked for Polluting the Offerings 1:6-14 Priests Condemned for Violating the Covenant 2:1-9 Faithlessness and Violation of the Marriage Covenant 2:10-16 Accusing God and the Coming Purifier 2:17-3:5 The Tithe Test and God's Promise to the Faithful 3:6-18 The Day of Judgment and the Coming of Elijah 4:1-6

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

1 Corinthians

Paul's Greeting and Thanksgiving for God's Faithfulness 1:1-9 Appeal for Unity in the Church 1:10-17 The Wisdom of the Cross versus Worldly Wisdom 1:18-2:5 Spiritual Wisdom and the Mind of Christ 2:6-16 Spiritual Immaturity, Ministry, and God's Building 3:1-23 Paul's Ministry and the Lord's Authority 4:1-21 Church Discipline for Immorality 5:1-13 Do Not Litigate among Believers; Lives Transformed 6:1-11 The Body as Temple: Flee Sexual Immorality 6:12-20 Marriage, Singleness, and Conjugal Duties 7:1-40 Christian Liberty and the Weak Conscience 8:1-13 Paul's Rights, Mission Strategy, and Self‑Discipline 9:1-27 Warnings from Israel's Example: Avoid Idolatry and Temptation 10:1-13 Warning against Idolatry and Shared Participation 10:14-22 Christian Liberty for Edification; Imitate Christ 10:23-11:1 Headship and Head Coverings in Worship 11:2-16 Correction of Abuses at the Lord's Supper 11:17-34 Spiritual Gifts and the Church as One Body 12:1-31 The Supremacy of Love 13:1-13 Prophecy, Tongues, and Edifying Worship 14:1-25 Guidelines for Orderly Worship 14:26-40 The Gospel of Christ's Resurrection and Paul's Witness 15:1-11 The Necessity and Implications of the Resurrection 15:12-34 The Resurrection Body and Victory over Death 15:35-58 Collection for the Jerusalem Saints 16:1-4 Paul's Travel Plans and Commendations 16:5-18 Final Greetings, Exhortations, and Benediction 16:19-24

2 Corinthians

God's Comfort and Deliverance in Affliction 1:1-11 Paul's Defense of His Integrity and Concern 1:12-2:4 Forgiveness and Restoration of the Offender 2:5-11 Paul's Apostolic Authority and Ministry by the Spirit 2:12-3:6 From the Veil to the Glory: The Ministry of the Spirit 3:7-18 Treasure in Jars of Clay: Perseverance in Ministry 4:1-18 Our Eternal Dwelling and Accountability to Christ 5:1-10 The Ministry of Reconciliation and the Call to Receive Grace 5:11-6:2 Paul's Hardships and Open Hearts 6:3-13 Do Not Be Unequally Yoked: A Call to Holiness 6:14-7:1 Godly Sorrow and Joy over Their Repentance 7:2-16 The Example and Principle of Generous Giving 8:1-15 Delegation and Preparation for the Relief Collection 8:16-9:5 Cheerful Giving and God's Abundant Provision 9:6-15 Paul's Apostolic Authority and Spiritual Warfare 10:1-18 Paul's Jealousy for Christ and the Deception of False Apostles 11:1-15 Paul's Hardships as Apostolic Credentials 11:16-33 Paul's Revelations and the Thorn: Strength in Weakness 12:1-10 Paul's Concern for Corinth and Warning of Discipline 12:11-21 Final Admonition: Test Yourselves and Repent 13:1-10 Final Greetings and Benediction 13:11-14

Galatians

Paul's Greeting and Defense of the Gospel 1:1-10 Paul's Divine Call and Conversion 1:11-24 Paul and the Jerusalem Apostles Confirm the Gospel 2:1-10 Paul Rebukes Peter; Justification by Faith 2:11-21 Faith in Christ, Not the Law 3:1-14 The Law's Temporary Role and the Promise 3:15-25 Adoption as God's Children through Faith 3:26-4:7 Paul's Personal Appeal and Warning 4:8-20 Hagar and Sarah: Two Covenants Allegory 4:21-31 Freedom in Christ and Warning against Legalism 5:1-15 Live by the Spirit and Bear Its Fruit 5:16-26 Restore the Fallen and Sow to the Spirit 6:1-10 Final Appeal and Boast in the Cross 6:11-18

Ephesians

Spiritual Blessings in Christ 1:1-14 Prayer for Wisdom and Christ's Exaltation 1:15-23 From Death to Life by Grace 2:1-10 One New Humanity: Reconciliation in Christ 2:11-22 The Mystery Revealed: Paul's Ministry to the Gentiles 3:1-13 Prayer for Strength and Knowledge of Christ's Love 3:14-21 Unity and Maturity in the Body of Christ 4:1-16 Living as a New Creation: Ethical Exhortations 4:17-5:21 Marriage: Christ and the Church 5:22-33 Children and Parents: Duties in the Home 6:1-4 Servants and Masters: Mutual Duties 6:5-9 Spiritual Warfare: The Armor of God 6:10-20 Final Greetings and Benediction 6:21-24

Philippians

Paul's Greeting and Prayer for the Church 1:1-11 The Gospel Advances Despite Paul's Imprisonment 1:12-30 Christ's Humility and Exaltation 2:1-11 Work Out Your Salvation and Shine as Lights 2:12-18 Timothy and Epaphroditus: Examples of Faithful Service 2:19-30 No Confidence in the Flesh; Righteousness in Christ 3:1-11 Pressing Toward the Heavenly Goal; Stand Firm 3:12-4:1 Unity, Rejoicing, Prayer, and Right Thinking 4:2-9 Paul's Thanks for Support and God's Provision 4:10-20 Final Greetings and Benediction 4:21-23

Colossians

Greeting, Thanksgiving, and Prayer for Spiritual Strength 1:1-14 The Supremacy of Christ and Reconciliation 1:15-23 Paul’s Suffering and the Mystery of Christ for the Church 1:24-2:5 Fullness in Christ and Warnings against Human Traditions 2:6-23 Seek the Things Above and Put on the New Self 3:1-17 Instructions for Christian Households 3:18-4:1 Devote Yourselves to Prayer; Wise and Gracious Conduct 4:2-6 Final Greetings and Personal Commendations 4:7-18

1 Thessalonians

Thanksgiving for Their Faith and Witness 1:1-10 Paul's Integrity in Ministry and the Church's Persecution 2:1-16 Paul's Longing, Timothy's Mission, and Concern for the Church 2:17-3:5 Timothy's Encouraging Report and Paul's Prayer for Strength and Love 3:6-13 Instructions for Holy Living: Purity, Love, and Work 4:1-12 The Coming of the Lord: Hope for the Dead and Call to Watchfulness 4:13-5:11 Final Exhortations on Church Life and Closing Benediction 5:12-28

2 Thessalonians

Perseverance in Persecution and God's Righteous Judgment 1:1-12 The Man of Lawlessness and the Day of the Lord 2:1-12 God's Calling, Sanctification, and Encouragement to Stand Firm 2:13-17 Prayers for the Gospel and the Lord's Strength 3:1-5 Discipline for the Idle and the Call to Work 3:6-15 The Lord of Peace and Paul's Final Greeting 3:16-18

1 Timothy

Paul's Greeting and the Purpose of the Law Against False Teaching 1:1-11 Paul's Testimony and the Reproof of Apostates 1:12-20 Prayers for All and Conduct in Worship 2:1-15 Qualifications for Church Leaders and the Mystery of Godliness 3:1-16 Warning Against False Teaching and Exhortation to Godly Living 4:1-16 Honor and Care: Elders, Widows, and Community Conduct 5:1-6:2 Rejecting False Teaching and the Dangers of Loving Money 6:3-10 Charge to Timothy: Pursue Godliness and Guard the Faith 6:11-21

2 Timothy

Be Strong in Grace and Guard the Gospel 1:1-2:13 Rightly Handling the Message and Gentle Correction 2:14-26 Perilous Times and the Rise of False Teachers 3:1-9 Paul's Example, the Authority of Scripture, and the Charge to Preach 3:10-4:8 Personal Commendations, Desertion, and Divine Deliverance 4:9-18 Final Greetings and a Benediction 4:19-22

Titus

Qualifications for Elders and Rebuke of False Teachers 1:1-16 Exhortations to Godly Living and Sound Doctrine 2:1-15 Good Works, Salvation by God's Mercy, and Warnings Against Division 3:1-11 Personal Instructions, Final Requests, and Closing Greetings 3:12-15

Philemon

Greeting and Thanksgiving for Philemon's Faith and Love 1:1-7 Paul's Appeal for Onesimus' Acceptance and Reconciliation 1:8-25

Hebrews

The Supremacy of the Son 1:1-14 Warning Against Neglecting Salvation 2:1-4 The Incarnate Son and the Salvation of Humanity 2:5-18 Christ Superior to Moses 3:1-6 Warning from Israel’s Example: Beware Unbelief 3:7-19 God’s Rest and the Danger of Unbelief 4:1-13 Jesus the Great High Priest 4:14-5:10 Warning Against Spiritual Immaturity 5:11-6:12 God’s Oath and Our Hope, the Anchor of the Soul 6:13-20 Melchizedek and Abraham’s Tithe 7:1-10 The Superior Priesthood of Christ after Melchizedek 7:11-28 The New Covenant and Christ’s Heavenly Ministry 8:1-13 The Earthly Tabernacle and Its Rituals 9:1-10 Christ’s Once-for-All Sacrifice in the Heavenly Sanctuary 9:11-28 Christ’s Perfect Sacrifice and Call to Persevere 10:1-39 The Hall of Faith: Heroes of Faith 11:1-40 Run with Endurance: God’s Disciplining Love 12:1-13 Pursue Holiness: Fearful Judgment and the Heavenly Zion 12:14-29 Final Exhortations and Benediction 13:1-25

James

Trials, Wisdom, and the Source of Good Gifts 1:1-18 Hearing, Doing, and Pure Religion 1:19-27 Impartiality and the Royal Law 2:1-13 Faith and Works: Living Faith 2:14-26 The Power and Danger of the Tongue 3:1-12 Earthly Wisdom versus Heavenly Wisdom 3:13-18 Quarrels, Covetousness, and Humility 4:1-12 Boasting About Tomorrow 4:13-17 A Warning to Wealthy Oppressors 5:1-6 Patience in Suffering and the Lord’s Coming 5:7-12 Prayer, Healing, and Restoring the Erring 5:13-20

1 Peter

A Living Hope and the Certainty of Salvation 1:1-12 Called to Holiness and Spiritual Growth 1:13-2:3 Christ the Living Stone and a Chosen People 2:4-12 Submission to Authorities and Christ’s Example in Suffering 2:13-25 Wives and Husbands: Mutual Honor and Conduct 3:1-7 Suffering for Righteousness, Christ’s Victory, and Baptism 3:8-22 Living for God: Love, Service, and Stewardship of Gifts 4:1-11 Persevering in Suffering and Entrusting Oneself to God 4:12-19 Shepherding the Flock, Humility, and Standing Firm 5:1-11 Conclusion: Final Exhortation and Greetings 5:12-14

2 Peter

Pursue Christian Virtue and Assured Calling 1:1-11 Eyewitness Testimony and the Truth of Prophecy 1:12-21 The Danger and Judgment of False Teachers 2:1-22 The Day of the Lord and Call to Godly Living 3:1-18

1 John

The Word of Life and Fellowship 1:1-4 Life in the Light: Sin, Forgiveness, and Love 1:5-2:14 Warning Against Loving the World 2:15-17 Antichrists and the Anointing of Truth 2:18-27 Abiding in Christ: Children of God and Righteous Living 2:28-3:10 The Command to Love: Evidence of True Faith 3:11-24 Testing Spirits: Confess Christ and Reject Deception 4:1-6 God Is Love: The Source and Command of Love 4:7-21 Faith in the Son of God: Overcoming and Eternal Life 5:1-12 Assurance of Eternal Life and Warnings Against Sin 5:13-21

2 John

Truth and Love; Warning Against Deceivers 1:1-13

3 John

John's Commendation of Gaius and Rebuke of Diotrephes 1:1-15

Jude

Appeal to Defend the Faith and Condemnation of False Teachers 1:1-16 Exhortations to Persevere, Pray, and Show Mercy 1:17-23 Doxology: God’s Power to Preserve 1:24-25

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
8 And the increase of the land is for all; the king is served from the field.

Ecc.5.8 - Details

Original Text

ויתרון ארץ בכל הוא מלך לשדה נעבד׃

Morphology

  • ויתרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • לשדה: PREP
  • נעבד: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 4:1 (thematic): Same book and speaker (Qoheleth) observing oppression and injustice “under the sun,” a thematic continuation of concern for the poor and corrupt social order.
  • Psalm 82:2-4 (allusion): God rebukes unjust judges and commands defense of the weak and needy—parallels the critique of perverted justice and failure to protect the poor.
  • Isaiah 10:1-2 (thematic): Prophetic woe against unjust laws and oppressive decrees that rob the needy; echoes condemnation of those in authority who pervert justice.
  • Amos 8:4-6 (thematic): Denounces those who trample the needy and manipulate justice for gain—parallels the social-ethical critique of officials exploiting the vulnerable.
  • Micah 3:9-11 (verbal): Accuses rulers and priests of giving judgment for a bribe and perverting justice; closely parallels the depiction of corrupt authorities and hierarchical culpability.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Also the profit of the land is for all; the king himself is served by the field.
  • Moreover, the advantage of a land is that a king stands over the field, and servants are appointed for its service.
9 Whoever loves silver will not be satisfied with silver, and whoever loves abundance will not be satisfied with increase—this also is vanity.

Ecc.5.9 - Details

Original Text

אהב כסף לא־ ישבע כסף ומי־ אהב בהמון לא תבואה גם־ זה הבל׃

Morphology

  • אהב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ישבע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ומי: PRON,interr
  • אהב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בהמון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תבואה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • גם: ADV
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • הבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • 1 Timothy 6:10 (thematic): Explicit teaching that 'the love of money' leads to all kinds of evil—parallels Ecclesiastes' warning that loving silver/wealth is insatiable and morally perilous.
  • Luke 12:15 (thematic): Jesus' admonition to guard against all greed and that life does not consist in abundance of possessions echoes the claim that love of wealth is vain and unsatisfying.
  • Proverbs 27:20 (verbal): 'Sheol and Abaddon are never satisfied, and the eyes of man are never satisfied'—uses the same motif/language of insatiable desire as Ecclesiastes' 'not be satisfied.'
  • Psalm 62:10 (thematic): 'If riches increase, do not set your heart on them'—counsels against attachment to wealth, resonating with Ecclesiastes' judgment that loving abundance is vanity.
  • Ecclesiastes 6:7 (verbal): Within Ecclesiastes, 'All the toil of man is for his mouth, yet his appetite is not satisfied'—repeats the book's theme of insatiable desire for more and the futility of gain.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He who loves silver will not be satisfied with silver; and he who loves abundance will not be satisfied with increase—this also is vanity.
  • He who loves silver will not be satisfied with silver, and he who loves abundance will not be satisfied with gain; this also is vanity.
10 When goods increase, those who eat them increase; and what advantage has their owner except to see them with his eyes?

Ecc.5.10 - Details

Original Text

ברבות הטובה רבו אוכליה ומה־ כשרון לבעליה כי אם־ ראות עיניו׃

Morphology

  • ברבות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • הטובה: ADJ,f,sg,def
  • רבו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • אוכליה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
  • ומה: CONJ+PRON,int
  • כשרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לבעליה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • כי: CONJ
  • אם: CONJ
  • ראות: VERB,qal,ptc,3,f,pl
  • עיניו: NOUN,f,pl,suff

Parallels

  • Proverbs 27:20 (verbal): Uses the same imagery of insatiable 'eyes'—'Sheol and Abaddon are never satisfied; so the eyes of man are never satisfied'—paralleling Eccl.5:10's claim that the lover of wealth is not satisfied.
  • Proverbs 23:4-5 (thematic): Warns against exhausting oneself to gain wealth and fixing one's eyes on riches that vanish—echoing the theme of futile pursuit and dissatisfaction with wealth in Eccl.5:10.
  • 1 Timothy 6:10 (thematic): Declares that 'the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil,' correlating with Ecclesiastes' critique of loving wealth and the emptiness (vanity) that results.
  • Matthew 6:19-21 (thematic): Jesus' admonition not to store up earthly treasures and the link between treasure and heart parallels the Ecclesiastes warning that attachment to wealth yields dissatisfaction and misplaced priorities.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:10-11 (structural): Within the same book, the narrator recounts enjoyment of possessions and pleasures only to find them 'vanity'—a direct internal parallel to Eccl.5:10's verdict on loving abundance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When the good things increase, those who enjoy them increase; yet what advantage has their owner except to see them with his eyes?
  • When the goods increase, those who consume them increase; and what gain has the owner but to see them with his eyes?
11 Sweet is the sleep of the laborer, whether he eats little or much; but the fullness of the rich will not allow him to sleep.

Ecc.5.11 - Details

Original Text

מתוקה שנת העבד אם־ מעט ואם־ הרבה יאכל והשבע לעשיר איננו מניח לו לישון׃

Morphology

  • מתוקה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
  • העבד: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אם: CONJ
  • מעט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואם: CONJ
  • הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יאכל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • והשבע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לעשיר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • איננו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl,neg
  • מניח: VERB,hip,ptc,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • לישון: VERB,qal,infinitive,NA,NA,NA

Parallels

  • Proverbs 3:24 (verbal): Speaks of sweet/peaceful sleep for the person in right relationship — parallels the image of 'sweet is the sleep' of the laborer.
  • Psalm 127:2 (thematic): Contrasts anxious toil with the gift of sleep from God: 'He gives to his beloved sleep,' connecting divine peace with restful sleep versus anxious striving for wealth.
  • Proverbs 10:22 (thematic): States that the LORD's blessing makes rich without adding sorrow — a counterpoint to the proverb that abundance can bring sleepless worry.
  • Matthew 6:25-34 (thematic): Jesus' teaching against anxious pursuit of wealth and worry about provisions aligns with the theme that wealth/avarice produce anxiety rather than rest.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:22-23 (structural): Within Ecclesiastes the writer reflects on toil and anxious striving that yields no lasting satisfaction — thematically linked to the sleeplessness caused by abundance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Sweet is the sleep of a laborer, whether he eats little or much; but the abundance of the rich will not permit him to sleep.
  • Sweet is the sleep of a servant, whether he eats little or much; but the abundance of the rich will not permit him to sleep.
12 There is an evil I have seen under the sun: riches kept to the hurt of their owners.

Ecc.5.12 - Details

Original Text

יש רעה חולה ראיתי תחת השמש עשר שמור לבעליו לרעתו׃

Morphology

  • יש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • רעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • חולה: ADJ,f,sg
  • ראיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • תחת: PREP
  • השמש: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • שמור: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • לבעליו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF,3,m,pl
  • לרעתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Proverbs 23:4-5 (thematic): Warns against exhausting oneself to gain wealth and notes its fleeting, deceptive nature—parallels Ecclesiastes’ observation that amassed riches can bring harm and anxiety to their owner.
  • Luke 12:15-21 (thematic): Parable of the rich fool: accumulation of goods for oneself does not secure life and leads to sudden loss—echoes the theme that hoarded wealth brings harm rather than true benefit.
  • 1 Timothy 6:9-10 (verbal): Warns that a desire to be rich leads to temptation, ruin and many sorrows (and that the love of money is a root of various evils), paralleling Ecclesiastes’ depiction of wealth causing hurt to its owner.
  • Psalm 127:2 (thematic): States that the LORD gives sleep to those he loves; serves as a counterpoint to Ecclesiastes’ note that abundance prevents the owner from restful sleep—highlighting wealth-induced anxiety.

Alternative generated candidates

  • There is a grievous evil I have seen under the sun: riches kept to the hurt of their owner.
  • There is an evil I have seen under the sun: riches kept by their owner to his hurt.
13 And that wealth is lost through some misfortune, and he leaves a son, yet has nothing in his hand.

Ecc.5.13 - Details

Original Text

ואבד העשר ההוא בענין רע והוליד בן ואין בידו מאומה׃

Morphology

  • ואבד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,conj-w
  • העשר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
  • בענין: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • והוליד: CONJ+VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואין: CONJ+PART,exist
  • בידו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • מאומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Psalm 49:10-12 (thematic): Speaks of the futile permanence of wealth when a man dies and his riches pass to others—’they leave their wealth to others’—echoing the theme of acquired goods but no lasting heir.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:18-21 (thematic): The author laments laboring to amass wealth that will be left to someone who did not toil, highlighting the vanity of producing goods that one cannot secure for oneself or enjoy without an heir.
  • Ecclesiastes 6:3-5 (verbal): A closely related passage within Qoheleth describing a man who has wealth and a single child yet cannot enjoy his wealth—directly parallels the motif of riches and lack of lasting benefit through offspring.
  • Job 21:13-15 (thematic): Job observes the prosperity and pleasant life of the wicked who nonetheless die and leave behind their wealth, underscoring the disconnect between personal wealth and ultimate personal endurance or legacy.
  • Proverbs 13:22 (thematic): Contrasts by affirming that a good person leaves an inheritance for descendants; it highlights the problem in Ecclesiastes of wealth without an heir and the resulting frustration/vanity.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He dies and leaves them to one who has not labored for them—this too is vanity and a sore misfortune.
  • And that wealth perishes through misfortune, and he begets a son who has nothing in his hand.
14 As he came from his mother’s womb naked, so he will go again—naked as he came, and he will take nothing from his toil to carry in his hand.

Ecc.5.14 - Details

Original Text

כאשר יצא מבטן אמו ערום ישוב ללכת כשבא ומאומה לא־ ישא בעמלו שילך בידו׃

Morphology

  • כאשר: CONJ
  • יצא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מבטן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אמו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ערום: ADJ,m,sg
  • ישוב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ללכת: VERB,qal,inf
  • כשבא: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ומאומה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ישא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בעמלו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • שילך: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בידו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Job 1:21 (verbal): Contains the same formulaic expression—“Naked I came from my mother’s womb, and naked I shall return”—a direct verbal and thematic parallel about coming into and leaving life with nothing.
  • Psalm 49:17 (thematic): Speaks of death carrying nothing away—“When he dies he will carry nothing away”—echoing Ecclesiastes’ point that one cannot take the fruit of one’s labor after death.
  • 1 Timothy 6:7 (verbal): Paul’s summary—“For we brought nothing into the world, and we cannot take anything out”—parallels the Ecclesiastes assertion that humans leave life empty-handed, reinforcing the same theological lesson.
  • Luke 12:20 (thematic): In the parable of the rich fool Jesus warns that life can end suddenly and one cannot keep accumulated goods; this echoes Ecclesiastes’ theme that earthly toil yields nothing ultimately transferable at death.

Alternative generated candidates

  • As he came forth from his mother's womb naked, so shall he return, and he shall carry nothing away of his labor to take in his hand.
  • As he came from his mother’s womb naked, so he will go again as he came; he will carry nothing of his labor that he may take it away in his hand.
15 This also is a grievous evil: as he came, so shall he go. What profit has he who has labored for the wind?

Ecc.5.15 - Details

Original Text

וגם־ זה רעה חולה כל־ עמת שבא כן ילך ומה־ יתרון לו שיעמל לרוח׃

Morphology

  • וגם: CONJ
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • רעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • חולה: ADJ,f,sg
  • כל: DET
  • עמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כן: ADV
  • ילך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ומה: CONJ+PRON,int
  • יתרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • שיעמל: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לרוח: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:18-21 (verbal): Same concern about the vanity of toil: one who labors may leave his wealth to someone who did not work for it, producing frustration and futility.
  • Ecclesiastes 6:2-3 (thematic): Portrays a man given wealth and children who nonetheless dies and whose goods pass to another—another expression of the point that toil yields no lasting advantage.
  • Luke 12:20 (allusion): Jesus' parable of the rich fool—'This night your soul is required of you; then whose will those things be?'—echoes the idea that amassed goods cannot secure the worker's advantage when death comes.
  • Psalm 49:10-12 (thematic): Argues that wealth cannot redeem a person or prevent death; the wealthy cannot keep their possessions from passing to others, paralleling the futility of labor for lasting gain.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And this also is a grievous evil: as he came, so shall he go; and what profit has he who has labored for the wind?
  • This also is an evil affliction: as he came, so will he go; and what profit has he who labors for the wind?
16 All his days he eats in darkness; and he is full of wrath, sickness, and indignation.

Ecc.5.16 - Details

Original Text

גם כל־ ימיו בחשך יאכל וכעס הרבה וחליו וקצף׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • כל: DET
  • ימיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • בחשך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יאכל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • וכעס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • וחליו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,pr3ms
  • וקצף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:22-23 (verbal): Qoheleth elsewhere laments the same result of toil: the labour leaves ‘grief and sorrow’ and the worker cannot enjoy the fruit — a close verbal and thematic echo of 5:16’s grim outcome of lifelong toil.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:13 (verbal): The immediate context repeats the image of a man consuming his days in misery because of ill‑gotten or unenjoyed gain; 5:13–16 form a unit describing eating ‘in darkness,’ anger, sickness and vexation.
  • Job 7:1-6 (thematic): Job compares human life to the hired servant’s toil and speaks of restless nights, brief troubled days and a life of hardship — a parallel theme of relentless labour, misery and lack of consolation.
  • Psalm 88:3-6 (thematic): This psalmist depicts life as filled with troubles, counted among the dead, placed ‘in darkness’ and beset by distress — echoing 5:16’s language of darkness, suffering and unrelieved anguish.

Alternative generated candidates

  • All his days he eats in darkness, and with much vexation and sickness and anger.
  • All his days he eats in darkness, and has much sorrow, and sickness, and indignation.
17 Behold what I have seen to be good: that it is fitting for a person to eat and drink and to find enjoyment in all his toil—this is the gift of God; for he shall labor under the sun the number of days that God has given him, for that is his portion.

Ecc.5.17 - Details

Original Text

הנה אשר־ ראיתי אני טוב אשר־ יפה לאכול־ ולשתות ולראות טובה בכל־ עמלו ׀ שיעמל תחת־ השמש מספר ימי־ חייו אשר־ נתן־ לו האלהים כי־ הוא חלקו׃

Morphology

  • הנה: PART
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • ראיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • אני: PRON,1,sg
  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • יפה: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • לאכול: VERB,qal,inf
  • ולשתות: VERB,qal,inf
  • ולראות: CONJ+VERB,qal,inf
  • טובה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עמלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • שיעמל: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • תחת: PREP
  • השמש: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • מספר: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • חייו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • כי: CONJ
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • חלקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:24 (verbal): Near-identical refrain: Qoheleth declares that the best a person can do is to eat, drink, and find enjoyment in his toil—same language about enjoyment of food, drink, and labor under the sun.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:13 (verbal): Expresses the same conviction that each person should eat and drink and enjoy the good of all his labor, linking enjoyment of life's simple goods to the fruit of one's work.
  • Ecclesiastes 9:7-10 (thematic): Urges eating, drinking and rejoicing because life’s work is given by God; echoes the encouragement to enjoy the present portion and the fruit of one’s labor.
  • Psalm 104:14-15 (thematic): Portrays God as the provider who gives food, wine and oil that gladden the heart—parallel theme of divine provision and enjoying God-given blessings.
  • Deuteronomy 8:10 (thematic): After eating and being satisfied God’s people are to bless the LORD; connects eating/being satisfied with recognizing God’s gift—parallel to Qoheleth’s note that life’s days and enjoyment are a God-given portion.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Behold what I have seen: it is good and fitting for a person to eat and drink, and to find enjoyment in all his toil—this is the portion he gets under the sun in the days of his life which God gives him.
  • Behold what I have seen to be good: it is fitting for a person to eat and to drink and to enjoy the good of all his labor in which he toils under the sun during the few days of his life which God gives him; for this is his portion.
18 Moreover, every one to whom God has given riches and possessions and power to enjoy them, and to take his portion and rejoice in his toil—this is the gift of God.

Ecc.5.18 - Details

Original Text

גם כל־ האדם אשר נתן־ לו האלהים עשר ונכסים והשליטו לאכל ממנו ולשאת את־ חלקו ולשמח בעמלו זה מתת אלהים היא׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • כל: DET
  • האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • ונכסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • והשליטו: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
  • לאכל: INF,qal
  • ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ולשאת: VERB,qal,inf
  • את: PRT,acc
  • חלקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ולשמח: VERB,qal,inf
  • בעמלו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • מתת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:24-26 (verbal): Same book and similar wording: eating, drinking, and finding enjoyment in one's labor is presented as a gift from God and a proper recompense.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:13 (verbal): Closely related phrasing—everyone should eat and drink and enjoy the good of their labor; enjoyment framed as God’s gift.
  • Ecclesiastes 9:7 (verbal): Echoes the motif of eating, drinking, and rejoicing in life’s work ("eat your bread with joy, and drink your wine with a merry heart").
  • Deuteronomy 8:10 (thematic): After eating and being satisfied the law prescribes blessing God—connects enjoyment of provision with divine gift and gratitude.
  • 1 Timothy 6:17 (thematic): Paul teaches not to set hope on riches but on God "who richly provides us with everything for our enjoyment," paralleling the idea that enjoyment of God-given goods is from God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Moreover, when God gives any man wealth and possessions, and enables him to enjoy them, to accept his portion and to rejoice in his toil—this is a gift of God.
  • Also, to every man to whom God gives riches and possessions and enables him to eat of them and to take his portion and rejoice in his labor—this is a gift of God.
19 For he will not much remember the days of his life, because God fills his heart with joy.

Ecc.5.19 - Details

Original Text

כי לא הרבה יזכר את־ ימי חייו כי האלהים מענה בשמחת לבו׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יזכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • חייו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מענה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בשמחת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cs
  • לבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:24-26 (thematic): Both passages stress that enjoyment of one’s labor and the capacity to take pleasure in life are gifts from God who enables a person’s heart to find joy.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:12-13 (thematic): Affirms the idea that finding pleasure and doing good in life are God-given blessings—joy in one’s lot is presented as a proper, God‑ordained response.
  • Ecclesiastes 8:15 (verbal): Echoes the recommendation to 'eat, drink, and be merry'—commending enjoyment of life as a fitting outcome under God’s providence, similar to God enabling gladness of heart.
  • 1 Timothy 6:17 (allusion): The New Testament counsels the wealthy to trust God 'who richly provides us with everything for our enjoyment,' paralleling the OT theme that God grants the capacity to enjoy life's blessings.
  • Psalm 104:14-15 (thematic): Portrays God as the provider of food and drink that 'gladden the heart,' paralleling Ecclesiastes’ emphasis that God supplies what produces joy in the human heart.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For he will not often remember the days of his life, because God fills his heart with gladness.
  • For he will not much remember the days of his life, because God satisfies him with the joy of his heart.
1 There is an evil I have seen under the sun, and it is heavy upon humankind.

Ecc.6.1 - Details

Original Text

יש רעה אשר ראיתי תחת השמש ורבה היא על־ האדם׃

Morphology

  • יש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • רעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • ראיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • תחת: PREP
  • השמש: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ורבה: VERB,qal,impv,2,ms
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • על: PREP
  • האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 4:1 (verbal): Same narrative verb and phraseology ('I looked/seen' and 'under the sun') and an explicit observation of oppression and widespread misery among people.
  • Ecclesiastes 1:14 (verbal): Qoheleth’s recurrent formula ('I have seen... under the sun') and the verdict that human affairs are grievous/vanity echoes the complaint that a pervasive evil afflicts mankind.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:16-17 (thematic): A related lament about the burden and vanity of life (hatred of life because of what is done under the sun), continuing the theme that suffering and injustice are common to human experience.
  • Psalm 73:3-12 (thematic): Asaph’s complaint that the wicked prosper and injustice appears widespread parallels Ecclesiastes’ observation of an evil prevalent among people and the difficulty of making sense of it.
  • Job 21:7-15 (thematic): Job’s challenge about the prosperity and apparent impunity of the wicked reflects the same problem: an observable, widespread moral disorder or 'evil' under the sun that troubles the speaker.

Alternative generated candidates

  • There is an evil I have seen under the sun, and it is abundant among humankind.
  • There is an evil that I have seen under the sun, and it is heavy upon mankind:
2 A man to whom God gives riches, possessions, and honor, and yet lacks nothing of all he desires, but God does not give him power to enjoy them, and a stranger enjoys them—this is vanity and a grievous ill.

Ecc.6.2 - Details

Original Text

איש אשר יתן־ לו האלהים עשר ונכסים וכבוד ואיננו חסר לנפשו ׀ מכל אשר־ יתאוה ולא־ ישליטנו האלהים לאכל ממנו כי איש נכרי יאכלנו זה הבל וחלי רע הוא׃

Morphology

  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • יתן: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • ונכסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • וכבוד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואיננו: VERB,qal,pres,3,m,sg
  • חסר: ADJ,m,sg
  • לנפשו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,m,sg
  • מכל: PREP
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • יתאוה: VERB,hitp,impf,3,m,sg
  • ולא: CONJ
  • ישליטנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לאכל: INF,qal
  • ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נכרי: ADJ,m,sg
  • יאכלנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • הבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וחלי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:18-23 (verbal): Same book and theme: labor and wealth that one cannot enjoy because God may give it to another; laments the vanity of toil when the worker cannot enjoy its fruits.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:13-17 (verbal): Closely related complaint about a man who has riches but cannot enjoy them, ending with the judgment that such a life is vain and distressing—echoes language and theme of 6:2.
  • Psalm 49:16-17 (thematic): Speaks of a person in honor who cannot redeem his life or take riches with him—parallel concern about the futility of earthly wealth in face of death.
  • Luke 12:20 (thematic): The parable of the rich fool who stores up wealth but is called a fool when his life is demanded that night—illustrates the same point that wealth may be enjoyed by others while the owner cannot.
  • 1 Timothy 6:7 (thematic): 'We brought nothing into the world' (and cannot carry wealth away) and the warning about the pursuit of riches parallels Eccles. 6:2's insistence that possessions do not secure enjoyment or ultimate good.

Alternative generated candidates

  • A man to whom God has given riches, property, and honor, so that his soul lacks nothing of all that he desires, yet God has not given him power to enjoy it, but a stranger enjoys it—this is vanity and a grievous ill.
  • a man to whom God gives riches, possessions, and honor, so that he lacks nothing his soul desires, yet God does not grant him power to enjoy them, but a stranger enjoys them—this is vanity and a grievous ill.
3 If he begets a hundred children and lives many years, yet his soul is not satisfied with good, and his burial is not prepared— I say that a stillborn is better than he.

Ecc.6.3 - Details

Original Text

אם־ יוליד איש מאה ושנים רבות יחיה ורב ׀ שיהיו ימי־ שניו ונפשו לא־ תשבע מן־ הטובה וגם־ קבורה לא־ היתה לו אמרתי טוב ממנו הנפל׃

Morphology

  • אם: CONJ
  • יוליד: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
  • ושנים: CONJ+NUM,m,pl,abs
  • רבות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ורב: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg
  • שיהיו: COMP+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • שניו: NOUN,f,pl,poss3,m,pl
  • ונפשו: NOUN,f,sg,suff
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תשבע: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • מן: PREP
  • הטובה: ADJ,f,sg,def
  • וגם: CONJ
  • קבורה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • היתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • אמרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,com,sg
  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • הנפל: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 6:2 (verbal): Same context/theme: a wealthy man who cannot enjoy his wealth and dies childless—language and argument about abundance without enjoyment are continuous with 6:3.
  • Ecclesiastes 4:2-3 (thematic): Expresses the idea that the dead or the never-born are better off than those who live to see misery under the sun—parallels the claim that being stillborn is preferable to a long, unsatisfied life.
  • Job 3:3-10 (thematic): Job curses the day of his birth and wishes he had not been born, echoing the motif that nonexistence (or death) can be preferable to a life of suffering and dissatisfaction.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:10 (verbal): Declares that one who loves wealth is never satisfied—connects to 6:3's emphasis on the soul not being satisfied with good despite long life and many offspring.

Alternative generated candidates

  • If a man begets a hundred children and lives many years, yet his soul is not satisfied with good, and he has no burial— I say that a stillborn is better than he.
  • If he begets a hundred children and lives many years—yet his soul is not satisfied with good, and he has no burial— I say that a stillborn is better than he.
4 For he comes in vanity, goes in darkness, and his name is covered in darkness.

Ecc.6.4 - Details

Original Text

כי־ בהבל בא ובחשך ילך ובחשך שמו יכסה׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • בהבל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ובחשך: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ילך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ובחשך: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • יכסה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 1:2 (verbal): Uses the same key word 'vanity' (hevel) and establishes the book's recurring theme that life is ephemeral and without lasting meaning.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:19-20 (thematic): Speaks of human and animal destiny—both go to one place and return to dust—echoing the idea of coming/going in darkness and life's futility.
  • Job 10:21-22 (allusion): Job describes going 'to the land of darkness and the shadow of death,' paralleling Ecclesiastes' image of departing into darkness and obscurity.
  • Psalm 39:6 (verbal): Declares that 'every man walketh in a vain show,' reflecting the same motif of life's vanity and transience found in Ecclesiastes 6:4.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For he comes in vanity, and goes in darkness, and his name is covered in darkness.
  • For he comes in vanity and departs in darkness, and in darkness his name is covered.
5 He has not seen the sun nor known rest; this also is a chasing after wind.

Ecc.6.5 - Details

Original Text

גם־ שמש לא־ ראה ולא ידע נחת לזה מזה׃

Morphology

  • גם: ADV
  • שמש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ראה: VERB,qal,imperat,2,m,sg
  • ולא: CONJ
  • ידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • נחת: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לזה: PREP+PRON,demonstrative,3,m,sg
  • מזה: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 4:8 (verbal): Uses similar language about unending labor and eyes not being satisfied with gain — a close verbal and thematic echo about lack of enjoyment despite toil.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:10 (thematic): Both verses treat the futility of seeking satisfaction in wealth; the lover of money is never satisfied, underscoring the same inability to find 'נחת' (contentment).
  • Ecclesiastes 2:10-11 (structural): The author's broader conclusion that possessions and accomplishments yield no lasting good mirrors the despair of not enjoying what one has — the recurring 'vanity' motif.
  • Psalm 49:16-20 (thematic): Speaks of the honored or wealthy who die like others and cannot take their wealth with them, paralleling the theme that riches do not secure enjoyment or ultimate good.

Alternative generated candidates

  • He has not seen the sun, nor known joy; even though he may live long, he sees no good.
  • Moreover he has not seen the sun, nor known any good; even so this has no portion in the world and is without comfort—this also is vanity.
6 And if a living man were to live a thousand years twice, yet if he did not see good, have not all these things one destiny? All go to one place.

Ecc.6.6 - Details

Original Text

ואלו חיה אלף שנים פעמים וטובה לא ראה הלא אל־ מקום אחד הכל הולך׃

Morphology

  • ואלו: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
  • חיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • אלף: NUM,m,sg
  • שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • פעמים: NOUN,m,du,abs
  • וטובה: CONJ+ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ראה: VERB,qal,imperat,2,m,sg
  • הלא: PART
  • אל: NEG
  • מקום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • הכל: PRON,m,sg,abs
  • הולך: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 3:19-20 (verbal): Qoheleth explicitly states that humans and animals share the same fate and 'go to one place,' echoing the language and idea of 6:6 about life ending in the same destination.
  • Ecclesiastes 9:2-3 (thematic): Both passages reflect the theme that the living have little advantage over the dead and that fate undermines enjoyment of long life.
  • Job 14:10-12 (thematic): Job portrays human life as fleeting and ending in the same decay as other creatures—death and return to dust—paralleling the vanishing/one‑place motif in Eccl. 6:6.
  • Psalm 49:12-13, 20 (thematic): The psalm compares human splendor to beasts that perish and stresses the ultimate futility of riches and long life apart from meaning—resonant with Eccl. 6:6's point about long life without good.
  • Ecclesiastes 1:2-4 (structural): The book's opening declaration of 'vanity' and life's transience frames 6:6's observation about long life without gain as part of the larger structural theme of futility and sameness under the sun.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Even if a man live a thousand years twice over, yet sees no good—do not all go to the same place?
  • Even if a man should live a thousand years twice, yet enjoy no good—do not all go to one place?
7 All the toil of man is for his mouth, yet his appetite is never satisfied.

Ecc.6.7 - Details

Original Text

כל־ עמל האדם לפיהו וגם־ הנפש לא תמלא׃

Morphology

  • כל: DET
  • עמל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לפיהו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cstr+PRON,3,m,sg
  • וגם: CONJ
  • הנפש: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תמלא: VERB,qal,imprf,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 5:10 (verbal): Both verses state that desire for wealth/what one eats is never satisfied—‘whoever loves money…never has enough’ parallels toil for the mouth whose appetite is not filled.
  • Ecclesiastes 4:8 (structural): A close parallel in theme and structure: a man’s endless toil yields no satisfaction—‘no end to his toil…his eyes were not content’ mirrors 6:7’s focus on futile labor and unmet appetite.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:10–11 (thematic): Solomon’s reflection that pleasures and accomplishments fail to satisfy echoes 6:7’s judgment that human toil aimed at consumption does not fill the soul.
  • Proverbs 27:20 (verbal): ‘Sheol and Abaddon are never satisfied, nor are the eyes of man’ uses the image of insatiability—paralleling 6:7’s observation that human appetite (and desire) remains unfilled.

Alternative generated candidates

  • All the toil of man is for his mouth, yet the appetite is not satisfied.
  • All the toil of man is for his mouth, and yet the appetite is not filled.
8 For what has the wise one more than the fool? And what does the poor know but to live?

Ecc.6.8 - Details

Original Text

כי מה־ יותר לחכם מן־ הכסיל מה־ לעני יודע להלך נגד החיים׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • מה: PRON,int
  • יותר: ADV
  • לחכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מן: PREP
  • הכסיל: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מה: PRON,int
  • לעני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יודע: VERB,qal,ptc,ms,sg
  • להלך: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • נגד: PREP
  • החיים: NOUN,m,pl,def

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 2:14-16 (verbal): Directly compares the wise and the fool and asks what advantage wisdom has when death ultimately equalizes them — language and argument closely parallel to Eccl. 6:8.
  • Ecclesiastes 9:2-3 (thematic): Reflects the same concern about the living versus the dead and the limited profit of prudence or wisdom in view of mortality and fate.
  • Psalm 49:12 (thematic): Affirms that the wise and the wealthy alike perish and are forgotten; death removes the lasting advantage of human status or understanding, echoing Eccl. 6:8's point.
  • Ecclesiastes 4:2-3 (thematic): Observes that the dead have rest while the living suffer oppression, raising the question of what benefit the living gain from wisdom or striving — a parallel existential complaint.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For what has the wise more than the fool? And what profit has the poor who knows how to walk before the living?
  • For what does the wise man have more than the fool? And what does the poor know but how to walk before the living?
9 Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering desire; this also is vanity and a striving after wind.

Ecc.6.9 - Details

Original Text

טוב מראה עינים מהלך־ נפש גם־ זה הבל ורעות רוח׃

Morphology

  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • מראה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עינים: NOUN,f,du,abs
  • מהלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נפש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • גם: ADV
  • זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
  • הבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ורעות: CONJ+ADJ,f,pl,abs
  • רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 1:14 (verbal): Uses the same key language of 'vanity' (הבל) and 'striving/chasing after wind' to summarize the futility of human endeavor—verbal parallel to 'also this is vanity and a chasing after wind.'
  • Ecclesiastes 2:11 (verbal): Solomon's reflection that all his works were 'vanity and a vexation of spirit' echoes the judgmental formula and theme of disappointment found in 6:9.
  • Ecclesiastes 5:10 (thematic): Declares that insatiable desire for wealth brings vanity—parallels 6:9's contrast between what is seen/enjoyed and the restless yearning of the soul.
  • Ecclesiastes 4:6 (thematic): Compares contentment with a little to the futility of toil and striving; resonates with 6:9's valuation of immediate satisfaction (what the eye sees) over restless desire.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Better is the sight of the eye than the wandering of desire; this also is vanity and a striving after wind.
  • Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering desire; also this is vanity and a chasing after wind.
10 What has already been has its name and is known; it is plain that man cannot contend with one who is stronger than he.

Ecc.6.10 - Details

Original Text

מה־ שהיה כבר נקרא שמו ונודע אשר־ הוא אדם ולא־ יוכל לדין עם שתקיף ממנו׃

Morphology

  • מה: PRON,int
  • שהיה: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • כבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נקרא: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
  • שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ונודע: VERB,niphal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולא: CONJ
  • יוכל: VERB,qal,impf,3,ms
  • לדין: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עם: PREP
  • שתקיף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 1:9 (thematic): Similar reflection on repetition and what has been already existing—'there is nothing new under the sun' echoes the idea that what exists has already been named and known.
  • Ecclesiastes 3:15 (verbal): Uses closely related language about what 'is' having already been, reinforcing Qoheleth’s theme that present realities are continuations of what has existed before.
  • Job 9:3 (verbal): Job states that if one wished to contend with God he could not answer him—paralleling the verse’s claim that a person cannot successfully dispute with one stronger than himself.
  • Isaiah 45:9 (allusion): Pronounces the folly of striving with the one who formed you—thematically linked to the verse’s warning about human inability to contend with a mightier opponent.

Alternative generated candidates

  • That which has been is named already; it is known that it is man—he cannot contend with him who is mightier than he.
  • That which has been is named already; it is known that it is man; and he cannot contend with one stronger than he.
11 For there are many words that increase vanity—what more has man?

Ecc.6.11 - Details

Original Text

כי יש־ דברים הרבה מרבים הבל מה־ יתר לאדם׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • יש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • דברים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מרבים: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • הבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מה: PRON,int
  • יתר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • לאדם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ecclesiastes 1:2 (verbal): The book's opening refrain "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity" echoes the claim here that many things increase vanity.
  • Ecclesiastes 2:11 (verbal): After amassing wealth and pleasures the speaker concludes "behold, all was vanity and a striving after wind," directly paralleling the observation that abundance only increases vanity.
  • Job 14:1-2 (thematic): Stresses the brevity and futility of human life (man born of woman is of few days), resonating with the question of what advantage accrues to man amid life's vanities.
  • Psalm 39:5-6 (thematic): Describes man as a fleeting breath and life as transient, thematically paralleling Ecclesiastes' emphasis on the emptiness and transience of human gain.
  • Matthew 16:26 (thematic): Jesus' rhetorical question "For what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world and forfeits his soul?" parallels Ecclesiastes' skeptical question about what real good comes to a person from worldly increase.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For there are many things that increase vanity; what advantage has man?
  • For there are many things which increase vanity; what advantage has man?
12 For who knows what is good for a person in life, during the few days of his fleeting life, which are like a shadow? Who can tell a person what will be after him under the sun?

Ecc.6.12 - Details

Original Text

כי מי־ יודע מה־ טוב לאדם בחיים מספר ימי־ חיי הבלו ויעשם כצל אשר מי־ יגיד לאדם מה־ יהיה אחריו תחת השמש׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • יודע: VERB,qal,ptc,ms,sg
  • מה: PRON,int
  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • לאדם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בחיים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • מספר: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • חיי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • הבלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • ויעשם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כצל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • יגיד: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,sg
  • לאדם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מה: PRON,int
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אחריו: PREP,3,m,sg
  • תחת: PREP
  • השמש: NOUN,f,sg,def

Parallels

  • Job 14:1-2 (thematic): Speaks of human life as brief and troubled—'man born of woman is of few days'—echoing Qoheleth's emphasis on life's brevity and uncertainty.
  • Psalm 39:6 (verbal): Declares that 'man walks about like a shadow,' a close verbal image to Eccles. 6:12's metaphor of life as a shadow.
  • Psalm 102:11 (verbal): Speaks of days passing 'like a shadow,' reinforcing the same temporal/ephemeral imagery used in Ecclesiastes 6:12.
  • Ecclesiastes 8:7 (structural): Within the same book, asserts that 'no man knows what will be'—a direct structural parallel on the unpredictability of the future 'under the sun.'
  • James 4:14 (thematic): New Testament echo of human transience—'you are a mist that appears for a little time'—reflecting the same theme of life's fleeting, uncertain character.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For who knows what is good for a person in life, during the few days of his vanity—who can tell him what will be after him under the sun?
  • For who knows what is good for man in life, during the few and vain days of his life, which pass like a shadow? Who can tell a man what will be after him under the sun?

And the increase of the land is for all; the king is served from the field.

Whoever loves silver will not be satisfied with silver, and whoever loves abundance will not be satisfied with increase—this also is vanity.

When goods increase, those who eat them increase; and what advantage has their owner except to see them with his eyes?

Sweet is the sleep of the laborer, whether he eats little or much; but the fullness of the rich will not allow him to sleep.

There is an evil I have seen under the sun: riches kept to the hurt of their owners. And that wealth is lost through some misfortune, and he leaves a son, yet has nothing in his hand.

As he came from his mother’s womb naked, so he will go again—naked as he came, and he will take nothing from his toil to carry in his hand.

This also is a grievous evil: as he came, so shall he go. What profit has he who has labored for the wind?

All his days he eats in darkness; and he is full of wrath, sickness, and indignation.

Behold what I have seen to be good: that it is fitting for a person to eat and drink and to find enjoyment in all his toil—this is the gift of God; for he shall labor under the sun the number of days that God has given him, for that is his portion.

Moreover, every one to whom God has given riches and possessions and power to enjoy them, and to take his portion and rejoice in his toil—this is the gift of God.

For he will not much remember the days of his life, because God fills his heart with joy.

There is an evil I have seen under the sun, and it is heavy upon humankind.

A man to whom God gives riches, possessions, and honor, and yet lacks nothing of all he desires, but God does not give him power to enjoy them, and a stranger enjoys them—this is vanity and a grievous ill.

If he begets a hundred children and lives many years, yet his soul is not satisfied with good, and his burial is not prepared— I say that a stillborn is better than he.

For he comes in vanity, goes in darkness, and his name is covered in darkness.

He has not seen the sun nor known rest; this also is a chasing after wind. And if a living man were to live a thousand years twice, yet if he did not see good, have not all these things one destiny? All go to one place.

All the toil of man is for his mouth, yet his appetite is never satisfied.

For what has the wise one more than the fool? And what does the poor know but to live?

Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering desire; this also is vanity and a striving after wind.

What has already been has its name and is known; it is plain that man cannot contend with one who is stronger than he.

For there are many words that increase vanity—what more has man?

For who knows what is good for a person in life, during the few days of his fleeting life, which are like a shadow? Who can tell a person what will be after him under the sun?