Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt
Jeremiah 41:16-43:13
Jer.41.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יוחנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- החילים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- שארית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- השיב: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- מאת: PREP
- ישמעאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מן: PREP
- המצפה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אחר: PREP
- הכה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- גדליה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיקם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גברים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- המלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ונשים: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- וטף: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וסרסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- השיב: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- מגבעון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 41:1-3 (structural): Immediate narrative context: continues the account of Ishmael's murder of Gedaliah and Johanan's seizure of the remnant and captives at Mizpah (same episode, immediate verses).
- Jeremiah 40:5-7 (structural): Background to the event: Gedaliah's appointment as governor over the remnant at Mizpah and the initial gathering of refugees around him (sets the scene for the assassination and aftermath).
- 2 Kings 25:25 (verbal): Parallel historical report: a Laconic account of Ishmael son of Nethaniah attacking and killing Gedaliah at Mizpah—same core incident recorded in the Deuteronomistic history.
- Jeremiah 42:1-22 (thematic): Related episode: Johanan and other leaders seek Jeremiah's oracle about fleeing to Egypt after Gedaliah's murder; God commands them not to go—directly connected to the decisions described in 41:16 onward.
- Jeremiah 43:5-7 (thematic): Consequent action: despite Jeremiah's warning, the remnant (including those taken by Johanan) go down to Egypt—shows the immediate outcome of the crisis begun in 41:16.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him took the rest of the people whom Ishmael son of Nethaniah had carried off from Mizpah after he had struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam—men of war, women, children, and eunuchs whom he had taken from Gibeon.
- And Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him took all the remnant of the people whom Ishmael son of Nethaniah had carried away from Mizpah, after he had struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam—men of war, women, children, and eunuchs whom he had taken from Gibeon.
Jer.41.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וילכו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- וישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בגרות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כמהם: PRON,indef,pl,3,m
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אצל: PREP
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ללכת: VERB,qal,inf
- לבוא: VERB,qal,inf
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 41:16 (structural): Immediate context — the report that Ishmael slew Gedaliah and the survivors' decision to flee; verse 41:16–17 form a unit describing the remnant's movement toward Egypt.
- Jeremiah 43:6-7 (verbal): Direct parallel account: Johanan and the others take Jeremiah and the remnant into Egypt (to Tahpanhes), repeating the event of Judahites going to Egypt despite prophetic warning.
- Jeremiah 42:19-22 (thematic): God's explicit command and prophetic warning not to go into Egypt and the promised consequences — this provides the theological contrast to the flight described in 41:17.
- Jeremiah 44:1-3 (allusion): Later oracle concerning the Jews living in Egypt — treats the same group/situation (the remnant in Egypt) and God's dealings with those who fled there.
Alternative generated candidates
- They went and lodged at Geruth Chimham, which is by Bethlehem, intending to go into Egypt.
- They went and dwelt in Geruth Chimham, which is near Bethlehem, intending to go to Egypt.
Jer.41.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מפני: PREP
- הכשדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- כי: CONJ
- יראו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מפניהם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- הכה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ישמעאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- גדליהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיקם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הפקיד: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Jeremiah 41:1-3 (verbal): Immediate narrative parallel describing Ishmael son of Nethaniah’s assassination of Gedaliah—same episode and similar wording within Jeremiah.
- Jeremiah 40:13-16 (structural): Gives the background: the Babylonian king’s appointment of Gedaliah over the land, which explains why Ishmael’s murder (and fear of the Chaldeans) is politically significant.
- 2 Kings 25:25-26 (verbal): Parallel historical account of the same event in the Deuteronomistic history—reports Ishmael’s killing of Gedaliah and the subsequent abduction of captives.
- Jeremiah 43:5-7 (thematic): Describes the remnant’s flight to Egypt ‘for fear of the Chaldeans,’ echoing the motive and consequences named in 41:18 (fear of Babylonian reprisal).
Alternative generated candidates
- Because of the Chaldeans they feared to remain there, for they said, “The Chaldeans are coming to strike us,” since Ishmael son of Nethaniah had struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam, whom the king of Babylon had appointed over the land.
- For they were afraid of the Chaldeans, and they feared them, because Ishmael son of Nethaniah had struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam, whom the king of Babylon had appointed over the land.
Jer.42.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויגשו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- החילים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ויוחנן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויזניה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הושעיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מקטן: PREP,ADJ,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- גדול: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 40:7-8 (verbal): Nearly identical wording: Johanan son of Kareah and the commanders of the forces and the people come together (same cast of characters and phrasing).
- Jeremiah 43:6 (structural): Again names Johanan and 'all the captains' and the remnant—continuation of the same episode showing the leaders and people acting together (assembly and movement of the remnant).
- Jeremiah 41:16 (thematic): Describes Johanan's role with the military leaders after the assassination of Gedaliah; parallels the leadership and collective action of 'captains' and the people in this segment of the Jeremiah narrative.
- 2 Kings 23:3 (verbal): Uses the stock phrase 'all the people, from the least to the greatest'—a common biblical formula for a nationwide assembly that echoes the language of Jer. 42:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then all the captains of the forces and Johanan son of Kareah and Jezaniah son of Hoshayah and all the people, from the least to the greatest,
- Then all the captains of the forces and Johanan son of Kareah and Jezaniah son of Hoshai and all the people, from the least to the greatest, came to Jeremiah.
Jer.42.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנביא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- תפל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נא: PART
- תחנתנו: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- לפניך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- והתפלל: CONJ+VERB,hitp,impf,3,ms
- בעדנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- אל: NEG
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- בעד: PREP
- כל: DET
- השארית: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- נשארנו: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,pl
- מעט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מהרבה: PREP
- כאשר: CONJ
- עיניך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2ms
- ראות: VERB,qal,ptc,3,f,pl
- אתנו: PRON,1,pl
Parallels
- 1 Samuel 12:19-23 (verbal): The people ask the prophet Samuel to pray for them; parallels the communal request that Jeremiah intercede before the LORD on behalf of the remnant.
- Joel 2:17 (structural): Calls for priests and prophets to intercede for the people between the porch and the altar—similar structural role of prophetic/priestly intercession on behalf of a threatened community.
- Isaiah 10:20-22 (thematic): Speaks of a surviving remnant of Israel after judgment; parallels Jeremiah’s language and concern for ‘this remnant’ who remain few in number.
- 1 Kings 19:18 (thematic): God declares He will preserve a faithful remnant (7,000) despite widespread apostasy—echoes the motif of a small remnant preserved amid disaster.
- Romans 11:5 (thematic): Paul’s reference to a remnant chosen by grace echoes the Old Testament remnant motif reflected in Jeremiah’s appeal for the few who remain.
Alternative generated candidates
- came to Jeremiah the prophet and said to him, “Please entreat a petition for us before the LORD your God, and pray for us—because all this remnant is left of us; we are few in number, as you see us with your eyes.
- They said to Jeremiah the prophet, “Pray now for us to the LORD your God concerning all this remnant, for we are left but a few of many; as you see our eyes, we are small.”
Jer.42.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויגד: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- את: PRT,acc
- הדרך: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נלך: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נעשה: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 25:4-5 (verbal): Petition for divine guidance: 'Show me your ways, LORD; teach me your paths' closely parallels asking God to declare the way to go and the thing to do.
- Psalm 143:8 (verbal): Direct request that God 'show me the way I should go,' echoing the Jeremiah appeal for the LORD to reveal the path and action to be taken.
- Psalm 32:8 (verbal): God's promise 'I will instruct you and teach you in the way you should go' corresponds to the community's plea for the LORD to tell them the way and the thing to do.
- Isaiah 30:21 (thematic): Image of God providing immediate directional guidance—'This is the way; walk in it'—parallels the request for clear instruction about the correct path.
- James 1:5 (thematic): New Testament appeal to ask God for wisdom when uncertain echoes the Jeremiah petition for God to disclose the way and the action to take.
Alternative generated candidates
- May the LORD your God show us the way in which we should walk and the thing that we should do.”
- “May the LORD your God show us the way we should go and the thing we should do.”
Jer.42.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנביא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- שמעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
- הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
- מתפלל: VERB,qal,ptc,act,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- כדבריכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,2,m,pl
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יענה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- אגיד: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- אמנע: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- מכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Samuel 12:23 (thematic): Samuel declares he will pray for Israel and will not fail in intercession for the people — same prophetic commitment to intercede on behalf of the people as Jeremiah’s promise to pray.
- Ezekiel 3:10–11 (structural): Ezekiel is commissioned to receive God’s message and go speak it to the house of Israel; parallels the prophetic role and responsibility to deliver God’s answer to the people.
- Jeremiah 26:2–3 (verbal): Earlier Jeremiah is commanded to 'speak all the words' the LORD gives and 'do not hold back a word,' closely echoing Jeremiah’s vow here not to withhold anything of the LORD’s response.
- Isaiah 38:4–6 (thematic): Hezekiah’s plea and the prophet’s subsequent conveyance of the LORD’s answer illustrate the pattern of petitioning God through a prophet and the prophet reporting God’s reply, as Jeremiah offers to do.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jeremiah the prophet said to them, “I have heard you; behold, I will pray to the LORD your God as you have asked; and whatever the LORD answers you I will tell you; I will withhold nothing from you.”
- And Jeremiah the prophet said to them, “I have heard you; behold, I will pray to the LORD your God according to your words. Whatever the LORD answers you I will declare to you; I will not withhold a word from you.”
Jer.42.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והמה: PRON,3,m,pl
- אמרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהי: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- לעד: ADV
- אמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ונאמן: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg
- אם: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- ככל: PREP
- הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ישלחך: VERB,qal,impf,ind,3,m,sg,+2,m,sg(obj)
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- אלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- כן: ADV
- נעשה: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
Parallels
- Joshua 24:24 (thematic): A public renewal/covenant scene where the people verbally pledge to serve and obey the LORD, echoing Jeremiah 42:5’s vow to act according to the word sent from God.
- 2 Chronicles 34:31-33 (structural): After the law is read, the king and people make a formal covenant to follow the LORD’s commands—paralleling the communal promise in Jeremiah 42:5 to obey the prophet’s message from God.
- Deuteronomy 29:12-13 (quotation): Treaty/covenant language about entering into covenant with the LORD and having Him as witness; provides the legal/ritual backdrop for vows like the one in Jeremiah 42:5.
- Nehemiah 9:38 (structural): Leaders bind themselves by a written covenant and invoke obligations before God as witness—similar communal oath-making and appeal to God’s faithfulness in Jeremiah 42:5.
- 1 Samuel 14:44 (verbal): Example of the common Israelite oath-formula invoking 'as the LORD lives' or swearing by the LORD as witness—linguistically comparable to the formula in Jeremiah 42:5 ('May the LORD be our true and faithful witness').
Alternative generated candidates
- They replied to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness between us, if not, as the LORD the God of Israel sends you to us, so shall we do.
- And they said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness between us, if we do not do all the words which the LORD your God shall send you to tell us.”
Jer.42.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אם: CONJ
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ואם: CONJ
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
- שלחים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אתך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- נשמע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- למען: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ייטב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- כי: CONJ
- נשמע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 13:4 (verbal): Commands obedience to "the voice of the LORD"—language and obligation to heed divine instruction echo Jeremiah's pledge to obey whether good or bad.
- Joshua 24:24 (verbal): The people publicly pledge to serve the LORD and obey his voice—close verbal and corporate-commitment parallel to Judah's declaration in Jeremiah 42:6.
- Isaiah 1:19 (thematic): "If you are willing and obedient, you shall eat the good of the land" parallels Jeremiah's idea that listening to the LORD will result in well-being for the people.
- Job 2:10 (thematic): Job's statement about accepting both good and ill from God resonates with the Jeremianic formula "whether good or evil... we will obey," emphasizing submission to God's will despite outcome.
Alternative generated candidates
- Whether it be good or evil, we will obey the voice of the LORD our God to whom we send you, that it may go well with us when we obey the voice of the LORD our God.”
- Whether it be good or evil, we will obey the voice of the LORD our God to whom we send you, that it may be well with us when we obey the voice of the LORD our God.”
Jer.42.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- מקץ: PREP
- עשרת: NUM,card,ten,cons
- ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 1:4 (structural): Same prophetic formula — "the word of the LORD came to me" (ויהי דבר־ יהוה אלי) introducing an oracle addressed to Jeremiah; identical structural phrasing.
- Ezekiel 7:1 (structural): Ezekiel likewise opens a pronouncement with the recurring prophetic formula "the word of the LORD came to me," paralleling the narrative device of divine communication to a prophet.
- Joel 1:1 (verbal): Joel 1:1 uses the nearly identical verbal construction "the word of the LORD that came to Joel," mirroring the concise formula of divine revelation found in Jer 42:7.
- 1 Kings 19:9 (thematic): Narrative parallel in which "the word of the LORD came" to a prophet (Elijah) at a particular moment/place — shares the theme of timing and divine address to a prophet immediately preceding a commissioned message.
Alternative generated candidates
- At the end of ten days the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah.
- And it came to pass at the end of ten days that the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah.
Jer.42.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- יוחנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- כל: DET
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- החילים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- ולכל: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- למקטן: PREP+ADJ,m,sg
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- גדול: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:1-3 (verbal): Immediate narrative parallel: these verses record Johanan, the captains and all the people coming to Jeremiah—same cast of characters and the same collective language ('from the least to the greatest') that 42:8 summons.
- Jeremiah 21:2 (thematic): Similar prophetic commission scene in which Jeremiah is instructed to speak God’s word to the king and the officials—parallel function of the prophet addressing political/military leaders.
- Deuteronomy 29:10 (verbal): Uses the same corporate formula ('from the least even unto the greatest') to describe an assembly addressed before the covenant—comparable language for addressing the whole community.
- Nehemiah 8:1-2 (structural): Another instance of leaders and all the people gathered together for a public address/reading; parallels the public, communal dimension of Jeremiah’s summons.
Alternative generated candidates
- He called Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who were with him, and all the people, from the least to the greatest.
- Then the LORD’s word came to Jeremiah: “Call Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces who are with him, and all the people, from the least to the greatest,”
Jer.42.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שלחתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אתי: PRON,1,sg
- אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- להפיל: VERB,hiph,inf
- תחנתכם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- לפניו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 37:3 (structural): Zedekiah sends to Jeremiah asking for a word from the LORD; parallel situation of people dispatching an envoy to the prophet to present a petition and seek God's response.
- Jeremiah 21:1-7 (thematic): King Zedekiah (and officials) send to Jeremiah and receive a message introduced by 'Thus says the LORD'—similar prophetic interchange and formulaic divine reply.
- Isaiah 38:4-5 (cf. 2 Kings 20:5) (verbal): God's answer to Hezekiah is delivered through the prophet with the formula 'Thus says the LORD,' illustrating the prophet as intermediary who communicates God's response to a petition.
- 2 Kings 5:3-14 (thematic): Naaman sends messengers and approaches the prophet Elisha to obtain healing—parallel motif of sending a representative to a prophet to present a request and receive divine action or instruction.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jeremiah said to them, “Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, whom you sent to me to present your petition before him:
- and say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, whom you sent to me to present your petition:
Jer.42.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אם: CONJ
- שוב: ADV
- תשבו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- ובניתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- אהרס: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- ונטעתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- אתוש: VERB,qal,fut,1,_,sg
- כי: CONJ
- נחמתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- אל: NEG
- הרעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- עשיתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 24:6 (verbal): Nearly identical language — God promises to ‘build’ and not destroy, to ‘plant’ and not uproot; a direct reiteration of the restoration formula.
- Jeremiah 31:28 (structural): Parallel contrast of divine action: as God watched to uproot and break down, so he will watch to build and to plant — same uprooting/planting motif applied to future restoration.
- Jeremiah 32:41 (verbal): God’s pledge to ‘plant them in this land’ and to do them good with wholehearted intent echoes the planting/restoration promise of Jer 42:10.
- Ezekiel 17:22-24 (thematic): Ezekiel uses the image of taking a shoot and planting it on Israel’s high mountain — the planting/establishing motif expresses the same theme of divine restoration and establishment.
Alternative generated candidates
- If you will remain in this land, then I will build you and not tear you down; I will plant you and not pluck you up; for I relent concerning the disaster that I have brought upon you.
- If you will remain in this land, then I will build you and not tear you down; I will plant you and not pluck you up; for I relent concerning the evil that I have brought upon you.
Jer.42.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- תיראו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- מפני: PREP
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- יראים: ADJ,m,pl
- מפניו: PREP+3ms
- אל: NEG
- תיראו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- להושיע: VERB,hiph,inf,-,-,-,abs
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- ולהציל: CONJ+VERB,hiph,inf,0,0,0
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- מידו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 1:8 (verbal): Close verbal parallel: God says 'Do not be afraid... for I am with you to deliver you,' echoing the promise of divine presence and deliverance in Jer 42:11.
- Isaiah 41:10 (thematic): Same theme of 'fear not' because God is with his people and will strengthen/uphold them — a general assurance of divine presence in danger.
- Isaiah 43:2 (thematic): Promise of God's presence in peril ('when you pass through the waters... I will be with you') and preservation from threats, paralleling the assurance against the king of Babylon.
- Joshua 1:9 (thematic): Command not to fear combined with the reason 'for the LORD your God is with you,' paralleling Jer 42:11's encouragement based on God's presence.
- Psalm 118:6 (thematic): Trust-based declaration 'The LORD is on my side; I will not fear' echoes the confidence and lack of fear grounded in God's support found in Jer 42:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- Do not fear the king of Babylon, of whom you are afraid; do not fear him, declares the LORD; for I am with you to save you and to deliver you from his hand.
- Do not be afraid of the king of Babylon, of whom you are afraid; do not be afraid of him, says the LORD, for I am with you to save you and to deliver you from his hand.
Jer.42.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואתן: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- רחמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ורחם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- והשיב: VERB,hip,impf,3,m,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- אדמתכם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,mp
Parallels
- Jeremiah 29:14 (verbal): God promises to be found and 'bring you back'—echoes Jeremiah 42:12's pledge to have mercy and return the people to their land.
- Jeremiah 31:8 (verbal): God declares he will bring the exiles back from the north to their own land—parallel promise of restoration and return.
- Ezekiel 36:24-28 (thematic): God vows to gather the people from the nations, bring them into their own land, cleanse and renew them—a fuller prophetic expansion of mercy and restoration in Jer.42:12.
- Hosea 2:23 (verbal): God says 'I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy,' reflecting the same language of divine compassion and restoration found in Jeremiah 42:12.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will have compassion on you and will restore you to your own land.
- I will show you mercy; I will have compassion on you and will bring you back to your land.
Jer.42.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- אמרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- נשב: VERB,qal,impf,1,NA,pl
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- לבלתי: PART,neg
- שמע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 44:1-6 (thematic): Same narrative context—Jeremiah warns Israelites not to flee to Egypt or disobey God’s command to remain in the land; both passages treat refusal to stay/obey and the prophet’s admonition.
- Leviticus 26:33 (verbal): God declares he will 'scatter you among the nations' as a consequence of disobedience—a close verbal and thematic parallel to refusal to 'dwell in this land' and not heeding the LORD’s voice.
- Deuteronomy 28:63-64 (verbal): Covenantal curse language: the LORD will scatter the people among the nations and they will serve other gods—parallels the consequence of not listening to the voice of the LORD and abandoning dwelling in the land.
- 2 Chronicles 36:15-21 (thematic): Narrative summary of Judah’s exile for not hearing the prophets and disobeying God—historical fulfillment of the warning that failure to heed the LORD’s voice results in removal from the land.
- Joshua 23:13 (thematic): Joshua’s farewell warning that forsaking God will cause the land to become a snare and the people to lose their hold on the land—thematically parallels Jeremiah’s admonition about refusing to dwell and obey the LORD.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if you say, ‘We will not dwell in this land,’ and refuse to obey the voice of the LORD your God,
- But if you say, ‘We will not dwell in this land,’ and if you will not obey the voice of the LORD your God,
Jer.42.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- לא: PART_NEG
- כי: CONJ
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- נבוא: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- נראה: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
- מלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וקול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שופר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- נשמע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- וללחם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- נרעב: VERB,qal,impf,1,0,pl
- ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נשב: VERB,qal,impf,1,0,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:18 (structural): Immediate context: God’s direct warning not to go into Egypt and the announcement of consequences for doing so—same prophetic theme and exchange with the remnant.
- Jeremiah 43:6–7, 11–13 (structural): Narrative continuation: the people ignore Jeremiah’s warning, go down to Egypt, and God pronounces judgment on those who sought refuge there—fulfillment of the warning against seeking safety in Egypt.
- Jeremiah 44:11–14 (thematic): Direct rebuke to Judeans in Egypt: God condemns their flight to Egypt and promises punishment—echoes the false-security motif of 'no war/no famine' in Egypt.
- Isaiah 31:1 (thematic): Prophetic condemnation of relying on Egypt (horses/chariots) for help rather than on the LORD—parallels the critique of seeking presumed safety in Egypt.
- Hosea 7:11 (allusion): Israel likened to a dove seeking Egypt—criticizes the kingdom’s tendency to turn to Egypt for aid, reflecting the same misplaced trust implied in Jer. 42:14.
Alternative generated candidates
- and say, ‘No, but we will go into the land of Egypt, where we shall not see war, nor hear the sound of the trumpet, nor be hungry for bread; and there we will dwell’—
- and say, ‘No, but we will go into the land of Egypt, where we shall see no war, nor hear the sound of the trumpet, nor shall the famine be in that land; and there we will dwell’—
Jer.42.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועתה: CONJ
- לכן: ADV
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- שארית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אם: CONJ
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- שום: DET,m,sg
- תשמון: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- פניכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- לבא: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ובאתם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לגור: VERB,qal,inf
- שם: ADV
Parallels
- Jeremiah 43:8-13 (structural): Continuation of the same episode: Jeremiah prophesies that those who flee to Egypt will be pursued and punished there — a direct follow-up and fulfillment theme to the warning against going to Egypt in 42:15.
- Jeremiah 44:11-14 (thematic): God condemns the remnant who settled in Egypt and promises judgment there for their disobedience — a later reiteration of the warning and its consequences for those who went to dwell in Egypt.
- Isaiah 30:1-3 (thematic): Isaiah warns Judah against making an alliance with Egypt and seeking help there; both passages prohibit reliance on Egypt and promise that such policy leads to shame and defeat.
- Isaiah 31:1 (verbal): Uses similar language ('woe to those who go down to Egypt') to denounce seeking military aid from Egypt rather than trusting God — a close verbal and thematic parallel to Jeremiah's admonition.
- Ezekiel 17:15-18 (allusion): Describes a Judean ruler's seeking help from Egypt in violation of a covenant and announces divine displeasure and punishment — parallels the theological critique of turning to Egypt for security found in Jeremiah 42:15.
Alternative generated candidates
- then now therefore hear the word of the LORD, O remnant of Judah. Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: If you wholly set your faces to go into Egypt and go to dwell there,
- then hear the word of the LORD, O remnant of Judah. Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: If you wholly set your faces to go into Egypt and go to dwell there,
Jer.42.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והיתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- החרב: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- יראים: ADJ,m,pl
- ממנה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- שם: ADV
- תשיג: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- והרעב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- דאגים: VERB,qal,ptc,m,pl
- ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- ידבק: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אחריכם: PREP+PRON,2,m,pl
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תמתו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:17 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same oracle—repeats and amplifies the warning that sword and famine will overtake those who go down to Egypt.
- Jeremiah 43:11 (thematic): Prophecy that God will set His face against Pharaoh and deliver Egypt into the hand of a cruel lord (Nebuchadnezzar); underscores that Egypt will not be a safe refuge for Judah.
- Jeremiah 44:27–28 (thematic): God announces punishment on those who fled to Egypt and predicts their being handed over and punished—echoes the judgment and death in Egypt announced in Jer 42:16.
- Ezekiel 29:6–7 (thematic): Ezekiel foretells that Egypt will be given into the hand of a cruel lord and experience devastation—parallels the motif that Egypt cannot protect those who flee there.
- Deuteronomy 28:65–68 (thematic): Part of the Deuteronomic curse: disobedience brings pursuit, exile, and even return to Egypt as a curse—resonates with the theme that flight to Egypt results in continued calamity and death.
Alternative generated candidates
- then the sword that you fear shall overtake you there in the land of Egypt, and the famine of which you are afraid shall follow close after you into Egypt, and there you shall die.
- the sword which you fear shall overtake you there in the land of Egypt, and the famine about which you are anxious shall follow close after you there; and there you shall die.
Jer.42.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- האנשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- פניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- לבוא: VERB,qal,inf
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לגור: VERB,qal,inf
- שם: ADV
- ימותו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- בחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ברעב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובדבר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- שריד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ופליט: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מפני: PREP
- הרעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- מביא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 44:27-30 (quotation): Almost verbatim reissue of the same judgment: those who go to dwell in Egypt shall die by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence and none shall remain; the prophecy is repeated against the Egypt-bound remnant.
- Jeremiah 42:18 (verbal): Immediate context/continuation of the oracle in 42:17—reaffirms the threat that those who stay or go to Egypt will suffer death and leave no survivors.
- Ezekiel 30:13 (thematic): Prophetic oracle against Egypt describing its destruction and desolation by the hand of the Lord; parallels Jeremiah’s portrait of death and ruin brought on Egypt as divine punishment.
- Isaiah 19:4 (thematic): Isaiah’s pronouncement that Egypt will be given into the hand of a cruel lord and experience upheaval and loss—similar theme of foreign subjugation and calamity falling on Egypt.
- Deuteronomy 28:22-25 (thematic): Covenantal curse language listing pestilence, fever, sword and exile as divine punishments for disobedience—echoes the means of judgment (sword, famine, pestilence) named in Jeremiah 42:17.
Alternative generated candidates
- All the men who set their faces to go into Egypt to dwell there shall die by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence; and none of them shall remain or escape; for I will bring evil upon them for the things that they have done, declares the LORD.
- All the men who set their faces to go into Egypt to dwell there shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by pestilence—there shall be no remnant nor survivor from them who go to dwell in Egypt.
Jer.42.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כאשר: CONJ
- נתך: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- אפי: NOUN,m,sg,poss1s
- וחמתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1s
- על: PREP
- ישבי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כן: ADV
- תתך: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- חמתי: NOUN,f,sg,pronominal_1cs
- עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
- בבאכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,pl
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- והייתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לאלה: PREP+DEM,pl
- ולשמה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ולקללה: CONJ
- ולחרפה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- תראו: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,pl
- עוד: ADV
- את: PRT,acc
- המקום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 44:27-28 (structural): Same prophetic context and warning to those who flee to Egypt — God declares he will set his face against them for evil and bring judgment in the land of Egypt, echoing the threat in 42:18.
- Deuteronomy 28:37 (verbal): Uses similar language of becoming a 'proverb,' 'byword,' or object of shame among the nations — parallels Jeremiah’s phrasing about becoming a curse, reproach, taunt and shame.
- Deuteronomy 28:64 (thematic): Both passages promise dispersal/exile and loss of the land — 'you shall be driven into all the peoples' and will not see the place again resonates with 'you shall not see this place anymore.'
- Ezekiel 5:12-13 (thematic): Ezekiel likewise portrays God's wrath resulting in defilement and shame before the nations; the motif of punishment leading to national disgrace parallels Jeremiah’s depiction of curse and reproach.
Alternative generated candidates
- For thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: As I expressed my wrath and my indignation upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so will I express my wrath and my indignation upon you when you come to dwell in Egypt; you shall become a horror, a proverb, and a byword; and you shall never see this place again.
- For thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: As I have poured out my wrath and my fury upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so will I pour out my fury upon you when you enter into Egypt; and you shall be a horror, and a reproach, and a curse, and a disgrace; and you shall see this place no more.
Jer.42.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
- שארית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- אל: NEG
- תבאו: VERB,qal,imperf,2,m,pl
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- תדעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- העידתי: VERB,hiph,perf,1,_,sg
- בכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Isaiah 30:1-3 (thematic): Both passages rebuke Judah for seeking protection in Egypt rather than trusting YHWH; Isaiah explicitly condemns going down to Egypt for help and predicts shame and disaster as a result.
- Isaiah 31:1 (verbal): A direct prophetic warning against relying on Egypt (and its horses) for help — echoes Jeremiah’s command ‘do not go into Egypt’ and the theme of misplaced trust.
- Ezekiel 17:15-16 (thematic): Ezekiel condemns a Judahite ruler who seeks aid from Egypt as a breach of covenant with the LORD; parallels Jeremiah’s prohibition and the motif that turning to Egypt provokes divine judgment.
- Hosea 7:11 (verbal): Hosea compares Ephraim to a naive dove that ‘calls to Egypt’ — a brief, pointed image of the same tendency to seek Egypt for security criticized in Jeremiah 42:19.
- Jeremiah 43:5-7 (structural): Narrative continuation demonstrating the consequence of ignoring Jeremiah’s warning — the people go to Egypt and later experience judgment there, showing the practical fulfillment of the prohibition in 42:19.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hear the word of the LORD, O remnant of Judah: Do not go into Egypt; know certainly that I have admonished you today.
- The word of the LORD concerning you, O remnant of Judah: Do not go into Egypt; know certainly that I have testified to you this day.
Jer.42.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- התעיתם: VERB,hithpael,perf,2,m,pl
- בנפשותיכם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+2,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- שלחתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אתי: PRON,1,sg
- אל: NEG
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- התפלל: VERB,hithpael,perf,3,m,sg
- בעדנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- אל: NEG
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- וככל: CONJ
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יאמר: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- כן: ADV
- הגד: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- ועשינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
Parallels
- 1 Kings 22:5-8 (thematic): Jehoshaphat urges Ahab to 'inquire at the word of the LORD' and they consult prophets — parallels the act of sending to a prophet to ask the LORD and a promise to follow the prophet's word.
- 2 Chronicles 18:3-4 (structural): Chronicler's retelling of the same episode in 1 Kgs 22 (seeking a prophet's word and pledging to act) — a close structural parallel about consulting prophetic counsel.
- 1 Samuel 15:13-24 (thematic): Saul professes obedience to God's command yet has disobeyed; his self-deception and claimed willingness to do God's will echo the theme of promising to obey prophetic instruction while being misled.
- Jeremiah 14:13-14 (allusion): God condemns prophets who give false assurances and say 'pray not for this people' or prophesy peace when there is none — thematically parallels Jeremiah's charge that the people have 'misled their souls' in their approach to prophetic counsel.
- Ezekiel 13:10-16 (thematic): Ezekiel condemns false prophets who build 'a wall' of lies and give deceptive comfort to the people — parallels the motif of false assurances, self-deception, and misleading prophetic/intercessory practices.
Alternative generated candidates
- For you have dealt deceitfully in your hearts, for when you sent me to the LORD your God you said, ‘Pray for us to the LORD our God, and according to whatever the LORD our God says, so declare to us and we will do it.’
- For you deceived your own souls by sending me to the LORD your God, saying, ‘Pray for us to the LORD our God, and whatever the LORD our God says, tell us and we will do it.’
Jer.42.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואגד: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ולא: CONJ
- שמעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- ולכל: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שלחני: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- אליכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 7:25 (verbal): God recounts repeatedly sending prophets from the time of the exodus and Israel’s failure to hear — language and theme closely mirror Jeremiah 42:21’s complaint about not listening to God’s messengers.
- Jeremiah 25:4 (verbal): Explicit statement that the LORD sent all his servants the prophets to warn the people and they would not listen — a near-verbal parallel to the indictment in 42:21.
- Deuteronomy 18:19 (allusion): God warns that whoever will not listen to the prophet ‘whom I shall raise up’ will be held accountable — legal/theological background for Jeremiah’s rebuke about failing to heed God’s spokesmen.
- 2 Chronicles 36:15-16 (thematic): Narrates how the LORD repeatedly sent messengers (prophets) who were mocked and despised, prompting divine judgment — thematically parallels the charge in Jeremiah 42:21.
Alternative generated candidates
- Now I have told you today, but you did not obey the voice of the LORD your God, nor anything that he sent me to tell you.
- And I have declared it to you today, but you would not obey the voice of the LORD your God nor the words of those whom he sent to you.
Jer.42.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועתה: CONJ
- ידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- תדעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- בחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ברעב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובדבר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תמותו: VERB,qal,impf,2,mp
- במקום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- חפצתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לבוא: VERB,qal,inf
- לגור: VERB,qal,inf
- שם: ADV
Parallels
- Ezek.14.21 (verbal): Lists the same quartet of divine punishments—sword, famine, pestilence (plus 'noisome beast')—using language very similar to Jeremiah's threat of death by sword, famine and pestilence.
- Amos 4.6-11 (thematic): A prophetic catalogue of disciplinary acts (famine, pestilence, sword, exile) sent upon Israel; parallels Jeremiah's warning that God will execute judgment by famine, pestilence and the sword.
- Leviticus 26.25-26 (structural): Part of the covenant curses: God threatens to bring the sword and to break the 'staff of bread' (famine) as punishment for disobedience—background legal-theological precedent for Jeremiah's warning.
- Jeremiah 43.11 (verbal): Within the same Jeremiah oracle against those fleeing to Egypt; pronounces that Nebuchadnezzar will slay them—echoing the specific threat of death by sword, famine and pestilence in the place they desire to dwell.
Alternative generated candidates
- Therefore know for certain that by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence you shall die in the place where you wish to go to dwell.”
- Now therefore know certainly that by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence you shall die in the place where you desire to go to dwell.”
Jer.43.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- ככלות: PREP+INFN,qal,inf
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לדבר: INF,qal
- אל: NEG
- כל: DET
- העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- דברי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,c,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שלחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- הדברים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:1-6 (structural): Immediate context—these verses record the people approaching Jeremiah and asking for guidance just before and overlapping with 43:1, linking his delivery of 'all the words of the LORD' to the subsequent responses.
- Jeremiah 7:25 (thematic): Same theme of God repeatedly sending His prophets to Israel and the people's failure to listen—echoes the idea of prophets delivering 'all the words of the LORD' to an unresponsive people.
- Jeremiah 25:4-7 (thematic): Declares that from the days of the ancestors God sent all His servants the prophets to call Israel to repentance, paralleling the statement that Jeremiah spoke 'all the words of the LORD' sent to him.
- Deuteronomy 18:15-19 (allusion): Sets the theological basis for a prophet who speaks God's words and the obligation to heed them; relates to Jeremiah's role as the LORD's messenger and the accountability for rejecting those words.
Alternative generated candidates
- When Jeremiah had finished speaking to all the people all the words of the LORD their God, with which the LORD their God had sent him to them— all these words:
- When Jeremiah had finished speaking to all the people all the words of the LORD their God, with which the LORD their God had sent him to them, the priests and the prophets and all the people seized him, saying, “You shall not go any more in the name of the LORD to the Chaldeans.
Jer.43.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עזריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הושעיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויוחנן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- האנשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הזדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אמרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- מדבר: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- שלחך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- לא: PART_NEG
- תבאו: VERB,qal,imperf,2,m,pl
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לגור: VERB,qal,inf
- שם: ADV
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:19-22 (structural): Immediate narrative antecedent: in Jeremiah 42 God tells Jeremiah to warn the people not to go to Egypt; Jeremiah relays this command, which the men in 43:2 reject as false.
- Jeremiah 43:3-7 (structural): Direct continuation of the episode: Johanan and the men forcibly take Jeremiah to Egypt, demonstrating their rejection of the prophetic warning described in 43:2.
- Isaiah 30:1-3 (thematic): Parallel prophetic theme condemning Judah's attempt to seek security by turning to Egypt (political/military reliance on Egypt) rather than trusting Yahweh.
- Ezekiel 17:15-16 (thematic): Ezekiel recounts Judah's seeking refuge in Egypt and condemns that flight; echoes the motif of trusting Egypt for safety and the prophetic judgment that follows.
Alternative generated candidates
- then Azariah son of Hoshayah and Johanan son of Kareah and all the bold men said to Jeremiah, “You speak falsely; the LORD our God did not send you to say, ‘You shall not go into Egypt to dwell there.’
- Zedekiah (or Azariah) son of Hoshai and Johanan son of Kareah and all the bold men said to Jeremiah, “You are lying: the LORD our God did not send you to say, ‘You shall not go into Egypt to dwell there.’
Jer.43.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- ברוך: ADJ,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מסית: VERB,piel,ptc,ms,sg
- אתך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- בנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- למען: PREP
- תת: VERB,qal,inf
- אתנו: PRON,1,pl
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הכשדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- להמית: VERB,hiphil,inf
- אתנו: PRON,1,pl
- ולהגלות: CONJ+VERB,hiphil,inf
- אתנו: PRON,1,pl
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 45:1-5 (thematic): Direct address to Baruch son of Neriah; an oracle about Baruch’s fate and God’s promise of preservation contrasts the accusation here that Baruch has led people to be delivered to the Chaldeans.
- Jeremiah 36:26-32 (allusion): Earlier narrative showing Baruch’s role as Jeremiah’s scribe and agent (reading and preserving Jeremiah’s words); provides background for the charge in 43:3 that Baruch has been influential in the crisis.
- Jeremiah 43:2-4 (structural): Immediate literary context: the people openly accuse Jeremiah and Baruch of misleading them and then act on that accusation. Verse 43:3 is part of this exchange and is echoed/continued in verses 4–7.
- 2 Chronicles 36:17-21 (thematic): Describes Judah being handed over to the Babylonians and the exile to Babylon; thematically parallels the threatened consequence in 43:3—being delivered into the hand of the Chaldeans and deported to Babylon.
Alternative generated candidates
- But Baruch son of Neriah enticed you to deceive us, so that we should give ourselves into the hand of the Chaldeans, to die and to be carried off to Babylon.”
- For Baruch son of Neriah has seduced you, and he has pronounced over you the judgment to deliver us into the hand of the Chaldeans, to put us to death or to carry us away captive to Babylon.”
Jer.43.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולא: CONJ
- שמע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יוחנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- החילים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לשבת: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:20 (verbal): Earlier in the same episode God (through Jeremiah) commands the people to remain in Judah — the same divine instruction that is rejected in 43:4.
- Jeremiah 43:7 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: the people depart for Egypt and take Jeremiah with them, showing the concrete outcome of their refusal to obey.
- Ezekiel 17:15-16 (thematic): Describes seeking help in Egypt and breaking covenantal trust — thematically parallels Judah's flight to Egypt against prophetic warning.
- Isaiah 31:1 (thematic): A prophetic denunciation of relying on Egypt for help (and on horses) — echoes Jeremiah's rebuke of seeking refuge in Egypt rather than obeying the LORD.
- Jonah 1:3 (thematic): Jonah's flight from a divine prophetic commission provides a thematic parallel of refusing or fleeing from God's direct command.
Alternative generated candidates
- Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces and all the people did not obey the voice of the LORD to remain in the land of Judah.
- Then Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces took all the remnant of Judah who had returned from all the nations to which they had been driven—
Jer.43.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יוחנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- החילים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- שארית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שבו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- מכל: PREP
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נדחו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
- שם: ADV
- לגור: VERB,qal,inf
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
Parallels
- Jeremiah 40:11 (verbal): Similar wording and episode naming Johanan son of Kareah and the captains taking the remnant of Judah — closely related narrative moment in the same sequence of chapters.
- Jeremiah 42:10-22 (structural): God's command through Jeremiah that the people remain in the land of Judah and the promised outcome if they obey — provides the prophetic instruction that the people (contrary to it) ignore when Johanan leads the remnant away in ch. 43.
- Isaiah 11:11-12 (thematic): Prophetic motif of God gathering 'the remnant' from the nations and bringing them back to their land — theological parallel to the language of a remnant 'who returned from all the nations' in Jer 43:5.
- 2 Chronicles 36:22-23 / Ezra 1:1-4 (thematic): The later, positive restoration motif (Cyrus' decree permitting the exiles to return to Judah) that echoes and contrasts with earlier references to peoples scattered among the nations and the various movements of remnant groups back to the land.
Alternative generated candidates
- But Johanan son of Kareah and all the captains of the forces took all the remnant of Judah who had returned from all the nations where they had been driven to dwell—
- the men, the women, the children, and the king’s daughters, and every soul whom Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had left with Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan—and Jeremiah the prophet and Baruch son of Neriah.
Jer.43.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- הגברים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- הנשים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- הטף: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- בנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- הנפש: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הניח: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- נבוזראדן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רב: ADJ,m,sg
- טבחים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- גדליהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיקם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שפן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנביא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- ברוך: ADJ,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נריהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 40:6-7 (verbal): Repeats the action of Nebuzaradan leaving some of the people and placing them under Gedaliah’s oversight (the same figures—the poor/remaining people—and Gedaliah—are mentioned).
- Jeremiah 39:10-14 (verbal): Earlier account of Nebuzaradan’s treatment of the survivors, including the transfer of some of the poor to Gedaliah and the handling of Jeremiah and Baruch—paralleling names and actions in 43:6.
- 2 Kings 25:22-24 (structural): Parallel Deuteronomistic/historical account of the fall of Jerusalem that likewise records Nebuzaradan’s disposition of the remaining people (leaving some in the land to tend vineyards/fields).
- Jeremiah 52:24-27 (structural): The appendix to Jeremiah offers a corroborating summary of the exile events and the fate of those left behind by Nebuzaradan, echoing the personnel and outcomes reflected in 43:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- the men and women, the children and the daughters of the king, and every person whom Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had left with Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan— and Jeremiah the prophet and Baruch son of Neriah.
- So they came into the land of Egypt, for they had not obeyed the voice of the LORD; and they went as far as Tahpanhes.
Jer.43.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- בקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- עד: PREP
- תחפנחס: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Jeremiah 42:20 (verbal): Nearly identical wording — the remnant 'obeyed not the voice of the LORD, but went to Egypt' and came to Migdol, Tahpanhes, Memphis, and Patros; direct parallel account of the same event.
- Jeremiah 44:15 (thematic): The Judean exiles in Egypt refuse Jeremiah's warnings and persist in their decision to remain in Egypt; continues the theme of disobedience and flight to Egypt.
- 2 Kings 25:26 (structural): After Gedaliah's assassination survivors fled to Egypt for refuge; a historical precedent showing the pattern of Judeans seeking safety in Egypt instead of remaining under Babylonian rule.
- Isaiah 31:1 (thematic): Prophetic condemnation of relying on Egypt for help rather than trusting Yahweh ('Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help'); echoes Jeremiah's rebuke of seeking Egyptian refuge.
- Hosea 9:3 (allusion): Speaks of Israel turning again to Egypt and suffering exile; uses the motif of returning to Egypt as part of divine judgment, paralleling Jeremiah's depiction of flight to Egypt.
Alternative generated candidates
- So they came into the land of Egypt, for they had not obeyed the voice of the LORD, and they came as far as Tahpanhes.
- Now the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah at Tahpanhes, saying,
Jer.43.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- ירמיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בתחפנחס: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Jeremiah 43:7 (structural): Immediate context: narrates the people taking Jeremiah to Tahpanhes, which sets the scene for 43:8's formulaic report that the word of the LORD came to him there.
- Jeremiah 1:4 (verbal): Uses the same prophetic introductory formula 'the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah,' marking the beginning of divine communications to the prophet.
- Jeremiah 25:1 (verbal): Another instance of the recurring opening 'the word that came unto Jeremiah,' introducing a major prophetic oracle and reflecting the book's formulaic reportage of revelation.
- Jeremiah 32:1 (structural): Like 43:8, specifies the historical setting for a divine message to Jeremiah (here the tenth year of Zedekiah), serving a similar narrative function of locating a prophecy in time/place.
Alternative generated candidates
- The word of the LORD came to Jeremiah at Tahpanhes, saying,
- “Take great stones and hide them in mortar in the brickwork that is at the entrance of Pharaoh’s house at Tahpanhes, in the sight of the men of Judah,
Jer.43.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- קח: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- בידך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff,2,m,sg
- אבנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- גדלות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- וטמנתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- במלט: PREP
- במלבן: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בפתח: PREP
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בתחפנחס: PREP
- לעיני: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,cons
- אנשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהודים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 4:1-3 (structural): Ezekiel uses a clay tablet/brick as an acted prophetic sign to depict the siege of Jerusalem—parallel to Jeremiah’s instruction to hide stones in mortar at Pharaoh’s house as a symbolic, performative prophecy.
- Isaiah 20:2-3 (structural): Isaiah performs a dramatic, physical sign (walking naked and barefoot) to symbolize coming humiliation of Egypt and Cush—another example of prophets using visible actions to enact their message, like Jeremiah’s burial of stones.
- Jeremiah 32:6-15 (structural): Jeremiah commands purchase of land and the placing of deeds in an earthenware jar as a tangible sign concerning future restoration—comparable to burying stones in mortar as a material prophetic act that conveys a future outcome.
- Jeremiah 19:1-13 (structural): Jeremiah breaks a clay bottle at the Valley of Ben-hinnom as a symbolic act of coming destruction on Jerusalem—another instance of using an object and public action to dramatize imminent judgment, akin to the Tahpanhes sign.
- Ezekiel 29:6-8 (thematic): Ezekiel pronounces judgment on Egypt and predicts its humbling and exile by Nebuchadnezzar—thematically aligning with Jeremiah’s sign at Pharaoh’s house in Tahpanhes, which signals Egypt’s impending subjugation.
Alternative generated candidates
- “Take great stones in your hand and hide them in mortar in the pavement of the entrance of Pharaoh’s house in Tahpanhes, in the sight of the Jews.
- and say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will send and take Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and I will set his throne upon these stones that I have hidden, and he shall spread his royal canopy over them.
Jer.43.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואמרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- כה: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צבאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
- שלח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ולקחתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- נבוכדראצר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- בבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ושמתי: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- כסאו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ממעל: ADV
- לאבנים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- האלה: DEM,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- טמנתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
- ונטה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- שפרירו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Jeremiah 25:9 (verbal): Explicitly identifies Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon as 'my servant' whom God summons to execute judgment—language closely echoed in Jer 43:10.
- Jeremiah 27:6 (verbal): Declares that God will give the nations into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar and make him serve, paralleling the theme of God installing Nebuchadnezzar as an instrument of His will.
- Habakkuk 1:6 (thematic): God announces He is raising up the Chaldeans (Babylonians) as a bitter, swift people to execute judgment—similar motif of God employing a foreign power to punish nations.
- Daniel 4:17 (thematic): Speaks of the Most High ruling over the kingdoms of men and giving them to whom He wills; resonates with Jer 43:10’s affirmation of divine sovereignty in elevating Nebuchadnezzar.
- Isaiah 10:5-7 (thematic): Portrays a foreign ruler (the Assyrian) as the 'rod of My anger' used by God to punish nations—a comparable theological motif of God using foreign kings to accomplish judgment.
Alternative generated candidates
- And say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will send and take Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon my servant, and I will set his throne above these stones that I have hidden; and he shall spread his royal pavilion over them.
- He shall come and strike the land of Egypt; those appointed for death shall die, those appointed for captivity shall go into captivity, and those appointed for the sword shall be killed with the sword.
Jer.43.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- והכה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- למות: VERB,qal,inf
- למות: VERB,qal,inf
- ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
- לשבי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לשבי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
- לחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 29:19-20 (verbal): God declares he will give Egypt into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar and bring destruction on the land — a direct parallel to Jeremiah's announcement that a foreign king will smite Egypt and bring death, captivity, and the sword.
- Jeremiah 27:6 (structural): Within Jeremiah God states he has given the lands (including Egypt) into Nebuchadnezzar's hand, echoing the same structural theme of divine commissioning of a foreign conqueror to punish Egypt.
- Jeremiah 46:25-26 (thematic): Another oracle against Egypt in the same book predicts punishment and handing over of Egyptian cities and people to enemies, resonating with the motifs of slaughter, captivity, and subjugation found in 43:11.
- Isaiah 19:4-5 (thematic): Isaiah's judgment oracle foretells that Egypt will be delivered into the hand of a harsh ruler and suffer humiliation and loss — thematically parallel to Jeremiah's depiction of death, captivity, and sword coming on Egypt.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall come and strike the land of Egypt; those who are for death shall die, and those who are for captivity shall be taken captive, and those who are for the sword shall be cut off.
- I will kindle a fire in the houses of the gods of Egypt, and they shall be burned; Nebuchadnezzar shall carry them away, and he shall strip the land of Egypt as one strips off a garment, and he shall depart from there in peace.
Jer.43.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והצתי: VERB,hiphil,perf,1,sg
- אש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בבתי: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,cs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ושרפם: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg+3,pl,obj
- ושבם: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg+3,pl,obj
- ועטה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כאשר: CONJ
- יעטה: VERB,qal,impf,3,ms
- הרעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- בגדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- משם: PREP
- בשלום: PREP
Parallels
- Ezekiel 30:13 (verbal): Ezekiel announces the destruction of Egypt's idols and images and the laying waste of the land — closely parallels Jeremiah's burning of the houses of Egypt's gods and the pronouncement of desolation.
- Isaiah 19:1 (thematic): Isaiah depicts Yahweh coming upon Egypt so that the idols are shaken or put to shame at his presence — a similar theme of divine assault on Egyptian religion.
- Genesis 19:24-25 (allusion): The destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah by fire is the prototypical image of divine annihilation; Jeremiah’s comparison to that overthrow echoes this model of total fiery judgment.
- Jeremiah 44:11-14 (structural): Within the same prophetic context Jeremiah repeats and expands the threat against the remnant in Egypt and against Egyptian idolatry — a direct book-level parallel to 43:12’s judgment on Egypt’s gods.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will kindle a fire in the houses of the gods of Egypt, and they shall be burned and carried away captive; and I will strip the land of Egypt as a man strips off his garment and departs.
- He will strip the land and depart, and he will come forth from it in peace.
Jer.43.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושבר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- מצבות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- בתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs,1cs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ישרף: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- באש: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 12:2 (verbal): Commands Israel to 'break down their altars, smash their sacred stones, and burn their Asherim' — language and action (breaking pillars, burning cult-places) closely parallel Jeremiah's decree against Egyptian cultic sites.
- Isaiah 19:1 (thematic): Prophecy of the LORD coming into Egypt so that 'the idols of Egypt will tremble' and the hearts of the Egyptians will melt — thematically parallels Jeremiah's prediction of destruction of Egyptian gods and their shrines.
- Ezekiel 30:13 (verbal): Announces the LORD will 'destroy the idols' and cause their images to cease in the judgment on Egypt — a direct verbal/thematic echo of destroying Egyptian cultic objects and houses of gods.
- Psalm 115:4-8 (thematic): Contrasts the powerlessness of carved idols (they cannot speak, see, or save) with the living God; thematically supports Jeremiah's portrayal of God judging and burning the impotent gods of Egypt.
Alternative generated candidates
- And I will break the obelisks of the sun‑house that are in the land of Egypt, and the houses of the gods of Egypt I will burn with fire.’”
- He will break the sacred pillars of the house of the sun that are in the land of Egypt, and the temples of the gods of Egypt he will burn with fire.’”
Johanan son of Kareah and all the commanders of the forces who were with him took all the remnant of the people whom Ishmael son of Nethaniah had carried away from Mizpah after he struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam—men of war, fighting men, women, children, and eunuchs whom he had taken from Gibeon.
They went and dwelt at Geruth Chimham, which is near Bethlehem, intending to go to Egypt.
They feared the Chaldeans, because they were afraid of them—since Ishmael son of Nethaniah had struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam, whom the king of Babylon had appointed over the land.
Then all the commanders of the forces, Johanan son of Kareah, Jezaniah son of Hoshayah, and all the people, from the least to the greatest, came to Jeremiah.
They said to Jeremiah the prophet, “Please present our petition before you and pray for us to the LORD your God on behalf of all this remnant; for we are few compared to many, as you see us.”
“May the LORD your God show us the way we should go and the thing we should do.”
Jeremiah the prophet said to them, “I have heard; I will pray to the LORD your God according to your words. Whatever the LORD answers you, I will tell you—I will not hide anything from you.”
They said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness between us: if we do not do everything that the LORD your God sends you to tell us, then so be it.”
“Whether it is good or evil, we will obey the voice of the LORD our God to whom we send you; so that it may go well with us when we obey the voice of the LORD our God.”
At the end of ten days the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah.
He called Johanan son of Kareah, and all the commanders who were with him, and all the people, from the least to the greatest. And he said to them, “Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, whom you sent me to consult:
If you will remain in this land, I will build you and not pull down; I will plant you and not uproot; for I relent of the disaster I brought upon you.
Do not fear the king of Babylon, whom you fear; do not be afraid of him, declares the LORD; for I am with you to save you and to deliver you from his hand.
I will take pity on you, have mercy on you, and bring you back to your land. But if you say, ‘We will not remain in this land,’ refusing to obey the voice of the LORD your God,
and if you say, ‘No—we will go to the land of Egypt, where we will not see war, and the sound of the trumpet will not be heard, and there we shall have no hunger; there we will dwell,’
then hear the word of the LORD, O remnant of Judah. Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: If you set your faces to go to Egypt and go to live there,
the sword you fear will overtake you there in the land of Egypt, and the famine for which you dread will cling to you there; there you shall die.
All the men who set their faces to go to Egypt to dwell there shall die by sword, by famine, and by pestilence; none of them shall remain or escape, for I will bring disaster upon them.
For thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: As I poured out my wrath and my anger on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so I will pour out my wrath and my anger on you when you come to Egypt. You shall become a horror, a curse, and an object of reproach and scorn, and you shall never see this place again.
Hear the word of the LORD, O remnant of Judah: Do not go to Egypt; know for certain that I have warned you today.
You have deceived your own souls by sending me to the LORD your God, saying, ‘Pray for us to the LORD our God, and whatever the LORD our God answers, tell us, and we will do it.’
I have told you today, but you would not obey the voice of the LORD your God or anything that I sent you to say. Now therefore know for certain that by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence you shall die in the place where you desire to go to live.”
When Jeremiah finished speaking to all the people all the words of the LORD their God—everything the LORD their God had sent him to speak to them concerning all these things—
Azariah son of Hoshaiah, Johanan son of Kareah, and all the stubborn men said to Jeremiah, “You are lying; the LORD our God did not send you to say, ‘You shall not go to Egypt to dwell there.’”
They charged, “Baruch son of Neriah has seduced you to hand us over into the hand of the Chaldeans, to put us to death and to carry us away to Babylon.”
Johanan son of Kareah and all the commanders and all the people did not obey the voice of the LORD to stay in the land of Judah.
Johanan son of Kareah and all the commanders took all the remnant of Judah who had returned from all the nations to which they had been driven to dwell in the land of Judah.
They took the men and the women, the children, the king’s daughters, and all the people whom Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, had left with Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, and Jeremiah the prophet and Baruch son of Neriah.
They went into the land of Egypt, for they did not obey the voice of the LORD, and they came to Tahpanhes.
The word of the LORD came to Jeremiah at Tahpanhes, saying,
“Take large stones in your hand and hide them in clay in the mortar at the entrance of Pharaoh’s house at Tahpanhes, in the sight of the Jews. And say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will send for and take Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, my servant, and I will set his throne above these stones that I have hidden and will spread his royal canopy over them.
He shall come and strike the land of Egypt—death for death, captivity for captivity, sword for sword.
I will kindle a fire in the houses of the gods of Egypt; he shall burn them, carry them off, and plunder the land of Egypt, and he shall depart from there in peace as one strips off his garment.
He will break the pillars of the house of the sun in the land of Egypt, and he will burn the houses of the gods of Egypt with fire.’”