Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions
1 Chronicles 27:25-34
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1 C.27.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- אצרות: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עזמות: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עדיאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- האצרות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- בשדה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בערים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ובכפרים: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ובמגדלות: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהונתן: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 27:24-31 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter listing the officials in charge of the king's equipment, storehouses and provisions—this verse is part of that contiguous inventory of royal administrators.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20-28 (verbal): Another Chronicler's list of officials responsible for treasuries (of the house of the LORD and sacred/dedicated things); parallels the institutional role of overseers of storehouses and custodial offices.
- 1 Kings 4:6-19 (structural): Solomon's system of twelve district officers who provided provisions and managed the king's household—a parallel model of centralized royal administration and provisioning to which the Chronicler's list corresponds.
- 2 Chronicles 8:14-16 (thematic): Summarizes Solomon's administrative apparatus for provisioning the king and his household (monthly officers), echoing the same theme of officials assigned to royal supplies and stores.
- Ezra 1:8-11 (thematic): Accounts of valuables and sacred objects being collected, counted and put under custody in treasuries—a related concern with storehouses/treasuries and officials charged with their oversight.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the king's storehouses, Azmaveth son of Adiel; and over the storehouses in the fields, in the towns, in the villages, and in the towers, Jonathan son of Azariah.
- And over the king's storehouses, Azmaveth son of Adiel; and over the storehouses in the fields, in the cities, in the villages, and in the towers, Jonathan son of Uzziah.
1 C.27.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- עשי: VERB,qal,impv,2,f,sg
- מלאכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לעבדת: PREP
- האדמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- עזרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כלוב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 27:25 (structural): Same chapter's administrative list—names other royal officials (guards, chariots, commanders), showing the broader bureaucratic context in which an overseer of fieldwork is appointed.
- 1 Chronicles 27:27 (structural): Immediate parallel within the chapter: names the official over the gathering of grain, illustrating the division of agricultural responsibilities among David's administrators.
- Genesis 47:23-24 (thematic): Joseph appoints overseers over the land to manage cultivation and collect produce in Egypt—parallels the appointment of a royal official charged with field work and agriculture.
- 1 Kings 4:7 (thematic): Solomon's system of twelve officers who supplied the king and oversaw provisions reflects a similar royal administrative organization for managing agricultural production and resources.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the workers of the field, for the tilling of the ground, Ezri son of Kelub.
- And over those who did the work of the field, for tilling the ground, Ezri son of Kelub.
1 C.27.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הכרמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- שמעי: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- הרמתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- שבכרמים: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לאצרות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- היין: NOUN,m,sg,def
- זבדי: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- השפמי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 27:25-31 (structural): Immediate parallel/context: the surrounding verses list David’s household officers (treasuries, vineyards, oliveyards, and provision administrators), of which v.27 (Shemay the Ramathite; Zabdi the Shiphmite) is a part.
- 1 Kings 4:7-19 (thematic): Solomon’s administrative roster of officers in charge of provisions, vineyards, oliveyards and regional supply (household and resource management) parallels the chronicler’s concern with royal provisioning and resource overseers.
- 2 Samuel 8:15-18 (structural): A comparable list of David’s chief officials (Joab, Benaiah, Zadok, Seraiah, etc.)—illustrates the same practice of recording royal officers and household administrators in the narratives of David’s reign.
- Genesis 47:23-26 (thematic): Accounts of appointing overseers and collecting/storekeeping of agricultural produce in Egypt (officials to manage grain and produce) echo the theme of centralized control and appointed managers for vineyards/winepresses and treasuries.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the vineyards, Shimei the Ramathite; and over those who keep the vineyards for the wine stores, Zabdi the Shiphmite.
- And over the vineyards, Shimei the Ramathite; and over the vineyard workers and the wine storerooms, Zabdi the Shiphmite.
1 C.27.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הזיתים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והשקמים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בשפלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בעל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חנן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הגדרי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- אצרות: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- השמן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- יועש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 20:23 (verbal): Almost verbatim parallel: 2 Samuel names Baal‑hanan (son of Achbor) as overseer of the olive and sycamore trees in the lowland and Joash as officer over the oil stores, matching 1 Chr 27:28.
- 2 Samuel 20:23–26 (structural): The surrounding passage in 2 Samuel gives the same roster of David's officials responsible for agricultural resources and storehouses, corresponding to the broader administrative list in 1 Chr 27:23–31.
- 1 Chronicles 27:23–31 (structural): Internal parallel: 1 Chr 27:28 is part of this larger section enumerating David's household officers and supervisors of vineyards, olive‑groves, and storehouses.
- 1 Kings 4:7–19 (thematic): Thematic parallel in Solomon's administration: a list of officials assigned to supply the king and manage provisions (monthly provisioning, officers over produce), reflecting the same concern for organized oversight of royal resources.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the olive trees and the sycamores that are in the lowland, Baal-hanan the Gederite; and over the oil stores, Joash.
- And over the olive trees and the sycamores that are in the lowland, Baalhanan the Gederite; and over the oil storerooms, Joash.
1 C.27.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הבקר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הרעים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- בשרון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שרטי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השרוני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הבקר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בעמקים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שפט: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עדלי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 27:28 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same administrative roster — names officials placed 'over the camels, over the donkeys, over the flocks,' same function and wording as v.29's officials over cattle.
- 1 Chronicles 27:25 (verbal): Same chapter's list of estate and provision officials (storehouses, wheat, barley, wine, oil) — part of the same systematic catalogue of David's household and resource overseers.
- 2 Samuel 8:15-18 (thematic): Lists David's chief officers (Joab, Jehoshaphat, Zadok, Abiathar, Seraiah, Benaiah) and reflects the broader pattern of royal administrative appointments that 1 Chr 27 exemplifies.
- 1 Kings 4:7-19 (structural): Solomon's twelve district officials who provided provisions for the king parallel David's regional/functional officials in 1 Chr 27 — both describe centralized provisioning and administrative organization.
- Exodus 18:21-26 (thematic): Jethro's instruction to appoint capable officials over thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens shows an analogous principle of delegated administrative authority and regional officials as seen in 1 Chr 27:29.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the cattle grazing in Sharon, Shitrai the Sharonite; and over the cattle in the valleys, Shaphat son of Adlai.
- And over the cattle in Sharon, Shitrai the Sharonite; and over the cattle in the valleys, Shaphat son of Adlai.
1 C.27.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הגמלים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אוביל: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- הישמעלי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- האתנות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- יחדיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המרנתי: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 27:29 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same chapter listing another royal official charged with livestock (continues the catalogue of officers over animals/resources).
- 1 Chronicles 27:31 (structural): Another adjacent verse in the same administrative roster naming an official in charge of a particular resource (vineyards), showing the chapter's pattern of assigned stewards.
- 1 Kings 4:7 (thematic): Solomon's system of twelve officers who provided for the king's household parallels David's appointed stewards responsible for specific resources (animals, vineyards, flocks).
- Genesis 39:4 (thematic): Joseph is made overseer of Potiphar's house and possessions; thematically comparable to named stewards (over camels, donkeys) placed in charge of the king's animals and property.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the camels, Obil the Ishmaelite; and over the donkeys, Jehdeiah the Meronothite.
- And over the camels, Obil the Ishmaelite; and over the donkeys, Jehdeiah the Meronothite.
1 C.27.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הצאן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- יזיז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ההגרי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- הרכוש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 20:23-26 (quotation): Direct parallel list in Samuel naming the officials over camels, donkeys and flocks (the same roster Chronicles repeats).
- 1 Chronicles 27:29-30 (verbal): Immediate context in the same chapter enumerating the other royal stewards and mirrors the administrative assignment 'over the flocks'.
- 1 Kings 4:7 (thematic): Solomon's administration: set of officers appointed over provisions and resources—parallel theme of royal officials managing the king's property.
- 2 Samuel 8:16-18 (thematic): Another list of David's principal officials (Joab, recorder, priests, secretary), showing the broader pattern of appointed administrators in David’s reign.
Alternative generated candidates
- And over the flocks, Iziz the Haggirite. All these were officers of the property that belonged to King David.
- And over the flocks, Jeziz the Hagarite. All these were the officers of the property that belonged to King David.
1 C.27.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהונתן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יועץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מבין: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וסופר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ויחיאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חכמוני: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עם: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 20:26 (verbal): Nearly identical wording — identifies Jonathan as David’s uncle, a counselor/man of understanding and scribe, and names Jehiel son of Hachmoni with the king’s sons (direct parallel/duplicate).
- 2 Samuel 8:16 (structural): Part of the royal administrative listings for David’s reign (mentions recorders/officials), paralleling 1 Chron 27’s enumeration of court officers and counselors.
- 1 Kings 4:3 (structural): Lists royal scribes/officials (e.g., Elihoreph and Ahijah as scribes, the recorder) showing the same institutional role of 'scribe' and counselor in the Israelite monarchy.
- Exodus 18:17-26 (thematic): Jethro’s advice to Moses to appoint able, understanding men as judges/administrators parallels the theme of having wise counselors and officials (a 'man of understanding' serving in leadership).
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jonathan, David's uncle, was counselor—a man of understanding and a scribe; and Jehiel son of Hachmoni was with the king's sons.
- And Jonathan, David's son, was a counselor, a man of understanding and a scribe; and Jehiel son of Hachmoni was with the king's sons.
1 C.27.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחיתפל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יועץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחושי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הארכי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 17:1–4 (structural): Ahithophel functions as chief counselor, offering a bold military plan against David—same role of ‘advisor’ highlighted in Chronicles.
- 2 Samuel 16:16–23 (structural): Narrates Hushai the Archite’s loyalty to David and his return to Absalom to act as a counter‑counselor—parallels Chronicles’ identification of Hushai as the king’s friend.
- 2 Samuel 17:14, 23 (thematic): Shows the rivalry of the two advisers (Hushai’s counsel chosen over Ahithophel’s) and Ahithophel’s subsequent suicide—develops the consequences implicit in the portrait of the two men in Chronicles.
- Psalm 55:12–14 (allusion): A lament about betrayal by a close companion; Jewish tradition and many commentators link this theme to Ahithophel’s treachery, thematically resonating with the Chronicles note of opposing advisors.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ahithophel was counselor to the king; and Hushai the Archite was the king's friend.
- And Ahithophel was counselor to the king, and Hushai the Archite was the king's companion.
1 C.27.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחרי: CONJ
- אחיתפל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוידע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניהו: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ואביתר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צבא: NOUN,m,sg,const
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יואב: NOUN,prop,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 8:15-18 (verbal): A parallel summary of David's administration naming Joab as commander and listing principal officers (Benaiah/Jehoiada, priests) similar to 1 Chr 27:34.
- 1 Chronicles 18:14-17 (structural): An earlier Chronicler's summary of David's reign that closely mirrors the list of officials—Joab as captain and the priests Abiathar/Zadok—paralleling the personnel named in 1 Chr 27:34.
- 2 Samuel 20:23-26 (structural): Another administrative list under David that designates Joab as commander and assigns other high officials (Benaiah, Adoram, the priests, and scribes), corroborating the offices cited in 1 Chr 27:34.
- 1 Kings 2:28-35 (allusion): Later narrative about Joab's fate under Solomon which presupposes his longstanding role as David's military commander—an office asserted in 1 Chr 27:34.
Alternative generated candidates
- And after Ahithophel, Jehoiada son of Benaiah, and Abiathar; and Joab was commander of the king's army.
- And after Ahithophel, Jehoiada son of Benaiah and Abiathar; and Joab was commander of the king's army.
And over the king's treasuries, Azmaveth son of Adiel; and over the treasuries in the field, in the towns, in the villages, and in the towers, Jonathan son of Aziah. And over the workers of the field, those who serve the soil, Ezri son of Chelub. And over the vineyards, Shimei the Ramathite; and over those who gather the vintage for the wine storehouses, Zabdi the Shiphmite. And over the olive trees and the sycamores that are in the lowland, Baal-hanan the Gederite; and over the oil storehouses, Joash. And over the cattle grazing in Sharon, Sarthai the Sharonite; and over the cattle in the valleys, Shaphat son of Adlai. And over the camels, Obil the Ishmaelite; and over the donkeys, Jehdeiah the Meronothite. And over the flocks, Yaziz the Hagrite; all these were the officers of the property that belonged to King David. And Jonathan was David's counselor, a man of understanding and a scribe; and Jehiel son of Hachmoni was with the king's sons. And Ahithophel was counselor to the king, and Hushai the Archite was the king's companion. And after Ahithophel, Jehoiada son of Benaiah and Abiathar; and Joab was commander of the king's army.