Psalms 92–97
Psalm 92:1-97:12
Psa.92.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מזמור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השבת: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 20:8-11 (thematic): The Decalogue's command to 'remember the Sabbath day' provides the law background for a psalm designated specifically for the Sabbath—both frame the day as set apart for God.
- Deuteronomy 5:12-15 (verbal): Deuteronomy's parallel formulation of the Sabbath command (observe/keep the Sabbath day) echoes the liturgical designation of Psalm 92 as intended for that holy day.
- Isaiah 58:13-14 (thematic): Isaiah links honoring the Sabbath with delight in the Lord and worship; Psalm 92 as a 'song for the Sabbath' fits this theme of Sabbath observance expressed in praise and blessing.
- Exodus 31:16-17 (allusion): The Sabbath as a perpetual sign between God and Israel in Exodus resonates with the psalm's liturgical placement—an ongoing, communal act of worship tied to Sabbath identity.
- Hebrews 4:9-10 (thematic): The New Testament motif of 'Sabbath rest' for God's people in Hebrews develops the theological meaning of Sabbath observance, connecting the liturgical use of a Sabbath psalm to the idea of covenantal rest in God.
Alternative generated candidates
- A psalm; a song for the Sabbath day.
Psa.92.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- להדות: VERB,qal,inf
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ולזמר: CONJ+VERB,qal,inf
- לשמך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,sg
- עליון: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 100:4 (verbal): Commands worshippers to enter with thanksgiving and to 'bless his name'—a close verbal and liturgical parallel to giving thanks and singing to God's name.
- Psalm 147:7 (verbal): Explicit call to 'sing unto the LORD with thanksgiving,' mirroring the paired actions of singing and thanksgiving in Ps 92:2.
- Psalm 95:1-2 (thematic): A communal exhortation to sing, shout for joy, and come before God with thanksgiving—same liturgical theme of praise and thanksgiving.
- Isaiah 12:4 (allusion): A prophetic call to 'give thanks to the LORD' and 'call upon his name'—an OT proclamation that resonates with singing and praise directed to God's name.
- Hebrews 13:15 (thematic): NT echo: believers are urged to offer 'a sacrifice of praise' and to acknowledge God’s name—recaptures the link between thanksgiving, praise, and naming God found in Ps 92:2.
Alternative generated candidates
- It is good to give thanks to the LORD, to sing praises to your name, O Most High;
Psa.92.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- להגיד: INF,hiph
- בבקר: PREP
- חסדך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- ואמונתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+2ms
- בלילות: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 42:8 (verbal): Day/night contrast with God’s steadfast love and nocturnal song—close verbal and thematic parallel (day/夜, steadfast love/夜-praise).
- Psalm 63:6 (thematic): Remembrance and meditation on God during the night watches—theme of nightly devotion and praise.
- Psalm 119:62 (verbal): “At midnight I rise to give thanks to you” — explicit practice of nocturnal praise, echoing proclamation of God's faithfulness at night.
- Psalm 77:6 (thematic): Recalling song and meditating in the night; similar motif of remembering and reflecting on God's acts/faithfulness after dark.
- Psalm 119:148 (thematic): Waking before the watches of the night to meditate on God’s promises—combines night watchfulness with meditation on God’s steadiness/faithfulness.
Alternative generated candidates
- to declare your steadfast love in the morning and your faithfulness at night;
Psa.92.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ע: ADJ,m,pl,cons
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- עשור: NUM,card,10
- ועלי: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- נבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- הגיון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכנור: PREP
Parallels
- Psalm 33:2-3 (verbal): Both passages call for praise to the LORD with stringed instruments (lyre/nevel, harp/kinnor) and making melody — close vocabulary and musical imagery.
- Psalm 150:3-5 (verbal): A litany of instruments used to praise God (trumpet, lute, harp, tambourine, strings) echoes the Psalm 92 emphasis on praising God with varied musical accompaniment.
- Psalm 81:2 (verbal): Direct call to 'make a joyful noise' with lyre/harp and tambourine—similar imperative to use instruments in worship as in Psalm 92.
- Exodus 15:20-21 (thematic): Miriam and the women praise God with timbrels and song after deliverance; thematically parallels the use of musical praise to celebrate God's acts.
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Describes David organizing Levites as singers and instrumentalists for worship, paralleling Psalm 92's focus on organized liturgical music (specific instruments and musical service).
Alternative generated candidates
- on the ten-stringed lyre, on the lute, on the harp—making melody on the strings.
Psa.92.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- שמחתני: VERB,hiph,perf,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בפעלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,m,sg
- במעשי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ידיך: NOUN,f,pl,cs,2ms
- ארנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 19:1 (verbal): Speaks of the heavens declaring 'the work of his hands'—the same phrase and theme of rejoicing in God's creative works.
- Psalm 104:31 (structural): Both verses link divine glory and delight to God's works; here the text portrays God rejoicing in his works, paralleling the psalmist's joy in them.
- Psalm 145:10 (thematic): Declares that all God's works praise him and his faithful bless him, echoing the theme of joy and praise directed toward God's deeds.
- Psalm 111:2 (verbal): Affirms that 'great are the works of the LORD' and that they are a subject of delight—closely related language and emphasis on rejoicing in God's works.
- Habakkuk 3:18 (thematic): Expresses the prophet's determination to rejoice in the LORD despite circumstances, paralleling the personal rejoicing in God's actions found in Ps 92:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- For you, LORD, have made me glad by your deeds; at the works of your hands I sing for joy.
Psa.92.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מה: PRON,int
- גדלו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff:3ms
- מעשיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2,ms
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מאד: ADV
- עמקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מחשבתיך: NOUN,f,pl,abs,2,m
Parallels
- Psalm 139:17-18 (verbal): Uses the same key term 'thoughts' of God and a similar exclamation about their vastness/unfathomable number ('How precious are your thoughts... How vast is the sum of them').
- Romans 11:33 (thematic): Celebrates the inscrutable wisdom and judgments of God ('Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God!... unsearchable his judgments'), echoing Psalm 92:6's emphasis on the depth of God's thoughts and works.
- Job 11:7 (verbal): Poses the rhetorical challenge of fathoming God ('Can you find out the deep things of God? Can you find out the limits of the Almighty?'), closely paralleling Psalm 92:6's claim about the depth of God's thoughts.
- Isaiah 55:8-9 (thematic): Contrasts human and divine thought and ways ('For my thoughts are not your thoughts...'), thematically related to the psalm's assertion of the greatness and depth of God's counsels.
- Psalm 40:5 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD's many wondrous works and the inability to fully comprehend them ('Many, O LORD my God, are the wonders you have done... none can fathom'), resonating with Psalm 92:6's admiration for God's great works and deep thoughts.
Alternative generated candidates
- How great are your works, LORD! Very deep are your thoughts.
Psa.92.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בער: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- ידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- וכסיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- יבין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- זאת: DEM,f,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 44:18 (verbal): Uses the same double-negation of knowledge/understanding about people who are blind/ignorant—'they know not, neither do they understand,' paralleling the psalm's 'a senseless man does not know; a fool does not understand.'
- Isaiah 6:9-10 (thematic): God commissions hardening so that people 'hear but do not understand, and see but do not perceive,' echoing the theme of willful or divinely-permitted failure to understand in Psalm 92:7.
- Matthew 13:13-15 (quotation): Jesus cites Isaiah to explain why many 'hear but do not understand'—a New Testament restatement of the motif that the senseless/fool do not grasp divine truth, paralleling the psalmic line.
- Proverbs 18:2 (thematic): Proverbs observes that 'a fool does not delight in understanding,' thematically matching Psalm 92:7's contrast between the wise and the senseless who fail to know or understand.
Alternative generated candidates
- A senseless man does not know, and a fool does not understand this.
Psa.92.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בפרח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כמו: PREP
- עשב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויציצו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- פעלי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- און: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- להשמדם: PREP+VERB,hiph,inf,3,pl
- עדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
Parallels
- Psalm 37:2 (verbal): Directly parallels the image of the wicked fading 'like the grass'; both verses use grass/withering language to stress the transience of the wicked's prosperity.
- Isaiah 40:6-8 (verbal): Uses the explicit formula 'all flesh is grass' and the fading of flowers to affirm the same theme of fleeting life and glory as Psalm 92:8.
- Job 14:2 (thematic): Compares human life to a flower that is cut down, echoing the idea that apparent vigor is temporary and ends in destruction or decay.
- Psalm 37:35-36 (thematic): Describes seeing the wicked flourish briefly and then suddenly perish—mirrors Psalm 92:8's contrast between transient success and ultimate destruction.
- Psalm 1:4 (thematic): Portrays the wicked as unstable/ephemeral (chaff) driven away by the wind; shares the common motif that the wicked do not endure despite momentary prosperity.
Alternative generated candidates
- When the wicked spring up like grass and all evildoers flourish, they are destined to be destroyed forever.
Psa.92.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואתה: CONJ+PRON,2,m,sg
- מרום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעלם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 97:9 (verbal): Uses closely related language of God's exaltation—'You, LORD, are most high over the earth; you are exalted far above all gods,' echoing the declaration that the LORD is exalted.
- Psalm 113:4–5 (verbal): Proclaims the LORD's high and lofty status—'The LORD is high above all nations; his glory above the heavens,' paralleling the theme of God's exaltation and height.
- Psalm 10:16 (thematic): Declares God's eternal kingship—'The LORD is king forever and ever'—which corresponds to the sense of the LORD being exalted for all time.
- Exodus 15:18 (thematic): 'The LORD shall reign forever and ever' (the song of deliverance), affirming God's eternal reign and exalted status like Psalm 92:9's 'you are exalted forever.'
- Isaiah 57:15 (allusion): Describes God as the 'High and Lofty One who inhabits eternity,' an image of transcendent, eternal exaltation that resonates with the brief declaration in Psalm 92:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- But you, LORD, are exalted forever.
Psa.92.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- הנה: PART
- איביך: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- הנה: PART
- איביך: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יאבדו: VERB,qal,impf,3,mp
- יתפרדו: VERB,hitp,imperfect,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- פעלי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- און: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 10:35 (quotation): Contains the liturgical formula 'Rise up, O LORD... let thine enemies be scattered,' a verbal parallel to the image of the LORD's enemies being scattered and undone.
- Psalm 68:1 (verbal): 'Let God arise, let his enemies be scattered' closely echoes the idea and wording of the enemies' destruction and dispersion in Ps 92:10.
- Psalm 37:20 (thematic): Speaks of the wicked perishing and being consumed like smoke, paralleling Ps 92:10's assertion that the LORD's enemies will perish and be dispersed.
- Psalm 9:3 (thematic): Describes enemies turning back and perishing at God's presence, echoing the theme of divine defeat and destruction of the wicked found in Ps 92:10.
- Isaiah 41:11–12 (allusion): Promises that those who contend with Israel will be ashamed, confounded and made as nothing—an analogous prophetic portrayal of the enemies' downfall and scattering.
Alternative generated candidates
- For behold, your enemies, O LORD; behold, your enemies shall perish; all evildoers shall be scattered.
Psa.92.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותרם: VERB,qal,perf,3,ms
- כראים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- קרני: NOUN,f,sg,suff1
- בלתי: NEG
- בשמן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רענן: ADJ,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Samuel 2:1,10 (verbal): Hannah's song speaks of 'my horn is exalted' (v.1) and v.10 speaks of God exalting 'the horn of his anointed'—the same image of a horn raised in divine vindication and honor as in Ps 92 (and linked to anointing).
- Psalm 75:10 (thematic): Uses the horn as a symbol of strength and status—'the horns of the righteous shall be exalted'—paralleling Ps 92's theme of the righteous' horn being lifted up.
- Psalm 23:5 (verbal): 'Thou anointest my head with oil' echoes the concrete image of being anointed with oil in Ps 92 ('anointed with fresh oil'), both signaling blessing, honor, and renewal.
- Psalm 45:7 (thematic): Speaks of God anointing with 'the oil of gladness,' linking divine anointing with royal/eschatological exaltation—paralleling Ps 92's connection between exalted horn and fresh anointing.
Alternative generated candidates
- You have exalted my horn like that of the wild ox; you have anointed me with fresh oil.
Psa.92.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותבט: VERB,hifil,perf,3,f,sg
- עיני: NOUN,f,pl,cons+1s
- בשורי: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff
- בקמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- מרעים: VERB,qal,ptc,,m,pl
- תשמענה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
- אזני: NOUN,f,pl,suff
Parallels
- Psalm 35:1-3 (thematic): David petitions God to contend with those who rise up against him; both passages portray adversaries assembling against the psalmist and the speaker’s awareness of hostile threats.
- Psalm 27:2-3 (thematic): Describes evildoers advancing against the speaker and his trust that they will be thwarted—parallels the motif of enemies 'rising up' against the faithful individual.
- Psalm 17:11-13 (allusion): Speaks of enemies lying in wait, watching the psalmist’s steps and preparing to strike—echoes the eye/ear imagery of vigilance and hostile intent found in the verse.
- Psalm 140:9-11 (thematic): A plea for rescue from wicked men who plot and rise up against the speaker; thematically linked by the danger posed by adversaries and the psalmist’s appeal to God.
Alternative generated candidates
- My eye has seen the downfall of my foes; my ears have heard the doom of the wicked who rise against me.
Psa.92.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כתמר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יפרח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- כארז: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בלבנון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישגה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 1:3 (thematic): Both portray the righteous as a flourishing, well‑rooted tree beside water—an image of stability, fruitfulness, and blessing.
- Jeremiah 17:7-8 (thematic): The blessed person who trusts in the LORD is compared to a tree planted by water that prospers and endures—parallel language of flourishing and resilience.
- Psalm 52:8 (verbal): Uses similar tree imagery ('a green olive tree in the house of God') to express the faithful one’s flourishing in God’s presence.
- Hosea 14:6-7 (verbal): Speaks of shoot/branch imagery and compares restored Israel’s beauty and fragrance to the olive and Lebanon—echoing the motif of flourishing trees and Lebanon’s cedars.
- Ezekiel 17:22-24 (allusion): God plants a sprig that becomes a majestic cedar on the high mountain (Lebanon); the transformation into a cedar echoes Psalm 92’s cedar imagery of growth and exaltation.
Alternative generated candidates
- The righteous flourish like the palm tree; they grow like a cedar in Lebanon.
Psa.92.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שתולים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- בבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בחצרות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- יפריחו: VERB,hiphil,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 1:3 (verbal): Both verses use the planted-tree imagery (tree beside streams) to describe the righteous who prosper and bear fruit.
- Jeremiah 17:7-8 (thematic): Speaks of one 'planted by the water' who prospers and does not fear heat—similar language of being rooted and flourishing through trust in God.
- Psalm 52:8 (verbal): Declares 'I am like a green olive tree in the house of God,' echoing the motif of a tree planted in the house of the LORD and thriving.
- Isaiah 61:3 (allusion): Refers to the people as 'oaks of righteousness, the planting of the LORD,' employing the theme of divine planting and enduring flourishing.
- Psalm 92:12 (structural): Earlier in the same psalm the righteous are compared to trees (palm/cedar) that flourish—an internal parallel reinforcing the planted/fruitful image.
Alternative generated candidates
- Planted in the house of the LORD, they flourish in the courts of our God.
Psa.92.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עוד: ADV
- ינובון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בשיבה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- דשנים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ורעננים: CONJ+ADJ,m,pl,abs
- יהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 92:12-14 (structural): Immediate context: the same psalm uses the planted-tree metaphor and states that the righteous, planted in the house of the LORD, will still bear fruit in old age.
- Psalm 1:3 (thematic): Similar tree imagery for the righteous—'like a tree planted by streams of water' whose leaf does not wither and who prospers in all he does, paralleling the idea of fruitfulness and freshness.
- Jeremiah 17:7-8 (verbal): Uses the same planted-by-water metaphor and explicitly links trust in the LORD to sustained green leaves and continual fruit-bearing—even under adverse conditions, echoing Ps. 92:15.
- Isaiah 40:31 (thematic): Promises renewed strength and endurance for those who wait on the LORD—a related theme of continued vitality and flourishing (often applied to old age) found in Ps. 92:15.
Alternative generated candidates
- They still bear fruit in old age; they are full of sap and green,
Psa.92.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- להגיד: INF,hiph
- כי: CONJ
- ישר: ADJ,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- צורי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ולא: CONJ
- עולתה: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,m,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 32:4 (verbal): Uses the image of God as Rock and affirms God's perfect/just character—'The Rock, his work is perfect... a God of faithfulness and without iniquity,' echoing 'the LORD is upright... my rock, there is no unrighteousness in him.'
- Psalm 18:31 (verbal): Directly parallels the 'rock' language: 'For who is God, but the LORD? and who is a rock, except our God?'—connecting the declaration of Yahweh's uprightness and role as rock.
- 1 Samuel 2:2 (verbal): Hannah's hymn declares 'there is none holy as the LORD... neither is there any rock like our God,' echoing the exclusive righteousness and rock-metaphor of Psalm 92:16.
- Psalm 119:137 (thematic): Asserts God's righteousness and upright judgments—'Righteous art thou, O LORD, and upright are thy judgments'—thematically reinforcing the claim that the LORD is upright and without wrongdoing.
Alternative generated candidates
- to declare that the LORD is upright—my rock, and in him there is no unrighteousness.
Psa.93.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- גאות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לבש: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- לבש: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- התאזר: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,sg
- אף: ADV
- תכון: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- תבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בל: PART
- תמוט: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 96:10 (verbal): Repeats the proclamation 'The LORD reigns' and the idea that the world is established and will not be moved—close verbal and thematic parallel to Ps 93:1.
- Psalm 97:1 (verbal): Begins with the same declaration 'The LORD reigns,' calling for the earth to rejoice—another psalmic refrain of divine kingship.
- Psalm 29:10 (thematic): Speaks of Yahweh enthroned over the waters and reigning as king forever, echoing Ps 93's theme of divine sovereignty and eternal rule.
- Psalm 104:1 (verbal): Attributes majesty and splendid clothing to God ('clothed with splendor and majesty'), paralleling Ps 93:1's language of Yahweh being robed in majesty and girded with strength.
- Exodus 15:18 (thematic): Proclaims 'The LORD shall reign for ever and ever' after the victory at the sea—an early, Old Testament affirmation of Yahweh's eternal kingship reflected in Ps 93:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD reigns; he is robed in majesty. The LORD is clothed; he has girded himself with strength. Indeed the world is established; it shall not be moved.
Psa.93.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נכון: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- כסאך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:2ms
- מאז: ADV
- מעולם: ADV
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 45:6 (verbal): Declares the throne as eternal—"Your throne, O God, is forever and ever"—echoing Ps 93:2's affirmation that the throne is established from of old and God is from everlasting.
- Daniel 7:9 (thematic): Vision of the 'Ancient of Days' seated on an eternal throne; thematically parallels Ps 93:2's emphasis on God's timeless, established kingship.
- Psalm 10:16 (thematic): Proclaims the LORD's everlasting kingship—"The LORD is king forever and ever"—matching Ps 93:2's assertion of God's eternal reign.
- Psalm 29:10 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD enthroned forever—"The LORD sat as king at the flood... the LORD sits as king forever"—similar language of a throne established and enduring.
- Isaiah 9:7 (thematic): Messianic promise that the government of the Davidic throne will be established and endure forever, echoing Ps 93:2's motif of an established, everlasting throne.
Alternative generated candidates
- Your throne is established from of old; you are from everlasting.
Psa.93.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נשאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- נהרות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- נשאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- נהרות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- קולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- ישאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- נהרות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- דכים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 29:3 (verbal): Uses the same thunderous-water imagery — ‘voice’/‘many waters’ and the Lord’s relation to tumultuous waters, echoing the phrasing and theme of roaring floods.
- Revelation 1:15 (allusion): Describes Christ’s voice as ‘like the sound of many waters,’ clearly drawing on the Psalms’ motif of a voice like overwhelming waters.
- Job 38:8-11 (thematic): God’s control and restraint of the sea is depicted (shutting up the sea, setting limits), matching the theme of Yahweh’s sovereignty over tumultuous waters.
- Psalm 104:6-9 (thematic): Portrays the primeval waters and God’s rebuke causing them to flee — similar imagery of waters subdued by the Lord’s power.
- Nahum 1:4 (thematic): Speaks of God rebuking the sea and drying up rivers; parallels the depiction of Yahweh’s dominion over raging waters and floods.
Alternative generated candidates
- The floods have lifted up their voice, O LORD; the floods lift up their pounding waves.
Psa.93.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מקלות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- רבים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- אדירים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- משברי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- אדיר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- במרום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.29:3-4 (verbal): Both verses use watery imagery to describe Yahweh's power—the LORD's voice/majesty is mightier than many waters and the breakers of the sea.
- Job 38:8-11 (thematic): God's command to restrain the sea and set its limits parallels Psalm 93's theme of the Lord's sovereign supremacy over the chaotic waters.
- Job 26:12 (verbal): Speaks of God routing or stilling the sea 'by his power,' echoing Psalm 93's depiction of divine might over vast waters.
- Nahum 1:4-5 (thematic): Describes the LORD's control over storms and floods and his irresistible power—similar language of divine dominion over the sea and its tumult.
- Ps.18:16-17 (thematic): God's act of drawing the psalmist out of 'many waters' echoes the motif of Yahweh's authority over overwhelming waters found in Psalm 93:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- Mightier than the thundering of many waters, mightier than the breakers of the sea— the LORD on high is mighty.
Psa.93.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עדתיך: NOUN,f,pl,suff_2ms
- נאמנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מאד: ADV
- לביתך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cs+PRON,2,f,sg
- נאוה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לארך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 19:7 (verbal): ’The testimony of the LORD is sure’ echoes Ps 93:5’s opening claim about the certainty of God’s testimonies (very sure).
- Psalm 111:7 (verbal): Declares that ‘all his commandments are sure,’ closely paralleling Ps 93:5’s affirmation of the trustworthiness of God’s testimonies/commandments.
- Psalm 119:160 (thematic): ’The sum of thy word is truth; and every one of thy righteous judgments endureth for ever’ links the truth and enduring nature of God’s word/judgments to Ps 93:5’s ‘testimonies… for ever.’
- Psalm 26:8 (thematic): ’LORD, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place where thine honour dwelleth’ parallels the theme that God’s dwelling/house is holy and fitting for his presence (cf. ‘holiness becometh thy house’).
- 1 Kings 8:13 (allusion): Solomon’s declaration that he built a house for God ‘to dwell therein for ever’ echoes Ps 93:5’s claim about the perpetuity and sanctity of the LORD’s house.
Alternative generated candidates
- Your testimonies are very sure; holiness adorns your house, O LORD, for length of days.
Psa.94.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- נקמות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- נקמות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הופיע: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 32:35 (verbal): Declares 'Vengeance is mine, I will repay'—the motif of God as the one who executes vengeance parallels the plea for the 'God of vengeance' in Ps 94:1.
- Romans 12:19 (quotation): Paul quotes Deut 32:35 ('Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord') to insist that God will avenge wrongs—an NT echo of the same theological claim in Ps 94:1.
- Isaiah 61:2 (thematic): Speaks of 'the day of vengeance of our God' alongside comfort for God’s people; parallels the theme of divine vindication and retributive justice in Ps 94:1.
- Nahum 1:2 (verbal): Describes the LORD as 'a jealous and avenging God' who takes vengeance and is full of wrath—language very close to the characterization 'God of vengeance' in Ps 94:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- O LORD, God of vengeance, O God of vengeance, shine forth.
Psa.94.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הנשא: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg,def
- שפט: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- השב: VERB,hif,imp,2,m,sg
- גמול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- גאים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 18:25 (verbal): Abraham appeals to God as “the Judge of all the earth,” mirroring Psalm 94’s address to God as judge.
- Deuteronomy 32:35 (verbal): “Vengeance is mine; I will repay” parallels Psalm 94’s call for God to return recompense to the proud (השב גמול).
- Isaiah 33:22 (thematic): Declares the LORD as judge, lawgiver, and king — thematically echoing Psalm 94’s appeal to God’s judicial authority.
- Romans 12:19 (quotation): “Vengeance is mine; I will repay, says the Lord” echoes the OT motif (cf. Deut. 32:35) and parallels Psalm 94’s plea for God to repay the proud.
Alternative generated candidates
- Rise up, O judge of the earth; repay the proud what they deserve.
Psa.94.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עד: PREP
- מתי: ADV,int
- רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- מתי: ADV,int
- רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יעלזו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Habakkuk 1:2 (verbal): Both open with the cry 'How long...?' (Heb. 'עד־ מתי'), asking God how long injustice and the wicked's triumph will continue.
- Psalm 35:17 (verbal): A similar lament—'O LORD, how long will you look on?'—expresses urgency over enemies' success and God's apparent delay in acting.
- Job 21:7 (thematic): Job questions the prosperity and long life of the wicked—parallel theme of indignation and puzzlement at the wicked's flourishing.
- Psalm 73:3 (thematic): The psalmist complains about envying the arrogant because of the apparent prosperity of the wicked, echoing Psalm 94:3's concern with wicked rejoicing.
- Psalm 10:3 (thematic): Describes the wicked's boasting and apparent triumph—connects to Psalm 94:3's depiction of the wicked exulting while injustice persists.
Alternative generated candidates
- How long shall the wicked, O LORD—how long shall the wicked exult?
Psa.94.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יביעו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- ידברו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- עתק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יתאמרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- כל: DET
- פעלי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- און: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 12:4 (verbal): Uses very similar language about false/lofty speech and identifies those who do evil (Hebrew phrasing parallels “מרומים דברי שקר… כל־ פעלי און”).
- Psalm 73:8 (thematic): Speaks of the proud/wicked who ‘set their mouth against the heavens’ and boast, echoing the theme of arrogant speech by evildoers.
- Psalm 10:3 (thematic): Describes the wicked who ‘boast’ and speak from a proud heart—parallel motif of arrogant, self‑assertive words by the unjust.
- Psalm 52:2 (thematic): Focuses on the deceitful and destructive words of the wicked (‘thy tongue deviseth mischiefs’), linking to the verse’s concern with harmful speech of evildoers.
Alternative generated candidates
- They pour out arrogant words; all the workers of wickedness boast.
Psa.94.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ידכאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ונחלתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cons,2,m,sg
- יענו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 79:1-4 (verbal): The nations enter and profane God's inheritance and 'have slain thy servants'—a close verbal parallel to 'they slay thy people' and 'afflict thy heritage.'
- Psalm 44:22 (verbal): Speaks of the community being slain 'all the day' and counted as sheep for the slaughter—thematically and verbally akin to the persecution of God's people in Ps 94:5.
- Psalm 74:4-5 (thematic): Describes enemies conspiring to destroy God's people and defile the sanctuary—parallels the hostile intent and violence against the LORD's heritage in Ps 94:5.
- Micah 2:1-2 (thematic): Condemns those who covet and seize fields and oppress their neighbors—echoes the theme of violent oppression and dispossession of another's inheritance.
Alternative generated candidates
- They crush your people, O LORD, and afflict your heritage.
Psa.94.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אלמנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וגר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהרגו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ויתומים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ירצחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Exodus 22:22 (verbal): The legal prohibition against afflicting widows and orphans—Psalm 94 condemns those who do the opposite (harming/killing them).
- Deuteronomy 10:18 (thematic): God is described as executing justice for the widow and orphan; Psalm 94 indicts human agents who persecute these vulnerable groups, opposing divine concern.
- Psalm 10:18 (thematic): A psalmic plea for God to judge on behalf of the oppressed, specifically mentioning the fatherless—shares the same concern about violence toward widows/orphans as Ps 94.
- Job 24:3–4 (thematic): Depicts social violence against the fatherless and widows (deprived of shelter/clothing), paralleling the abuse and murder of vulnerable people in Ps 94:6.
- Zechariah 7:10 (thematic): Prophetic injunction not to oppress the widow, the orphan, or the sojourner—echoes the social-justice theme and condemns the mistreatment named in Ps 94:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- They kill the widow and the foreigner, and murder the fatherless.
Psa.94.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- יראה: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- יבין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 10:11 (verbal): The wicked say in their heart that God has forgotten or will not see: 'He says in his heart, “God has forgotten; He hides His face; He will never see it.”'—a near verbal parallel to Ps 94:7's claim that God does not see or understand.
- Psalm 73:11 (verbal): The taunt that God lacks knowledge: 'They say, “How can God know? Is there knowledge in the Most High?”'—expresses the same skeptical presumption about God's awareness found in Ps 94:7.
- Job 21:7-15 (thematic): Job records the observation and taunts about the apparent prosperity and impunity of the wicked—questions and claims that God does not notice or punish their deeds echo the sentiment of Ps 94:7.
- Psalm 36:1 (thematic): 'Transgression speaks to the wicked... there is no fear of God before his eyes.' This describes the wicked's attitude of impunity and indifference to God's presence, thematically related to the claim in Ps 94:7 that God will not see or consider.
Alternative generated candidates
- They say, 'The LORD does not see; the God of Jacob does not perceive.'
Psa.94.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בינו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- בערים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בעם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- וכסילים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מתי: ADV,int
- תשכילו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Proverbs 1:22 (verbal): A direct verbal and thematic parallel: both address the 'simple' or 'foolish' with the question 'how long/when will you be wise?', urging people to gain understanding.
- Galatians 3:1 (verbal): Paul's rebuke 'O foolish Galatians…' parallels the Psalm's denunciation of fools for lack of understanding and calls for repentance and wisdom.
- Mark 8:17 (thematic): Jesus reproaches his disciples for not understanding ('Do you not yet perceive?'), echoing the Psalm's demand that the people grow in insight and wisdom.
- Psalm 14:1 (thematic): Both verses treat the motif of the 'fool' who lacks knowledge of God; Psalm 14 declares the folly of denying God, similar to Psalm 94's call for understanding among the people.
Alternative generated candidates
- Understand, you senseless among the people; and you fools, when will you be wise?
Psa.94.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הנטע: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg,def
- אזן: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- הלא: PART
- ישמע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אם: CONJ
- יצר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עין: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- הלא: PART
- יביט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Proverbs 20:12 (verbal): Uses nearly identical language — “the hearing ear and the seeing eye” — attributing ear and eye to Yahweh’s creation, echoing the rhetorical question about whether God does not hear/see.
- Job 34:21 (thematic): Affirms that God’s eyes are on human ways and that he sees all a person’s steps, paralleling the Psalm’s appeal to God’s capacity to hear and see human affairs.
- Psalm 33:13-15 (thematic): Declares that the LORD looks down from heaven, sees all people, and fashions hearts, connecting God’s seeing/hearing with his role as creator and judge as in Ps 94:9.
- Psalm 139:1-2 (allusion): Speaks of God’s intimate knowledge and perception of the psalmist’s innermost actions and thoughts, reflecting the same conviction that the Creator perceives hearing and sight and thus knows human deeds.
Alternative generated candidates
- He who planted the ear—does he not hear? He who formed the eye—does he not see?
Psa.94.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- היסר: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הלא: PART
- יוכיח: VERB,hiph,imprf,3,m,sg
- המלמד: VERB,piel,part,0,m,sg
- אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דעת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Job 36:22 (verbal): Both verses use similar language about God as teacher—'Who teacheth like him?'—emphasizing God's unique role in instructing mankind.
- Isaiah 28:26 (verbal): Isaiah speaks of God instructing and teaching the farmer/worker, echoing the wording and idea of God as one who 'teaches knowledge' to people.
- Daniel 2:21 (thematic): Daniel attributes wisdom and knowledge to God's sovereign distribution—parallel to Psalm 94's theme that God is the source/teacher of knowledge.
- Psalm 32:8 (thematic): God's promise 'I will instruct thee and teach thee' parallels Psalm 94's portrayal of God as instructor of human knowledge and guidance.
- Proverbs 3:11-12 (thematic): These verses treat God's reproving/correcting of people as a form of loving instruction, linking the Psalm's coupling of God's teaching with his reproof/chastening.
Alternative generated candidates
- Does he who disciplines the nations not reprove? He who teaches mankind knowledge—does he not understand?
Psa.94.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מחשבות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- הבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 139:2 (verbal): Speaks of God perceiving human thoughts (“You know my thoughts from afar”), directly paralleling the Psalm’s assertion that the LORD knows man’s thoughts.
- Jeremiah 17:10 (verbal): God declares he 'searches the heart and tests the mind,' closely matching the idea that the LORD knows human thoughts and inner motives.
- 1 Chronicles 28:9 (verbal): Affirms that the LORD 'searches all hearts and understands every plan and thought,' echoing the Psalm’s claim about divine knowledge of human thoughts.
- Hebrews 4:12-13 (thematic): Stresses that nothing in creation is hidden from God and that all are exposed to his sight—the New Testament application of God’s exhaustive knowledge of human thoughts and intentions.
- 1 Samuel 16:7 (thematic): Contrasts human judgment with divine insight—'the LORD looks at the heart'—relating to the Psalm’s theme that God knows inner thoughts which humans may not see.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD knows the thoughts of man, that they are but vanity.
Psa.94.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אשרי: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- הגבר: ADJ,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- תיסרנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומתורתך: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+poss,2,m
- תלמדנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Proverbs 3:11-12 (verbal): Both passages commend divine discipline as a sign of God's care: 'do not despise the LORD's discipline... for whom the LORD loves he corrects' — close verbal and theological parallel to 'blessed is the man whom you discipline, O LORD.'
- Hebrews 12:5-11 (quotation): The author cites the principle of parental divine discipline (echoing Proverbs) and develops it: God's chastening is proof of sonship and is for our training and holiness, paralleling Psalm 94:12's link between chastening and being taught by God's law.
- Job 5:17 (thematic): Job (via Eliphaz) declares that the man whom God reproves is blessed — a direct thematic parallel affirming that divine reproof leads to blessing, like Psalm 94:12.
- Psalm 119:71 (thematic): 'It is good for me that I was afflicted, that I might learn your statutes' — closely parallels the idea that God's discipline/affliction leads to learning and conforming to his law, matching Psalm 94:12's 'and teach us out of your law.'
Alternative generated candidates
- Blessed is the man whom you chasten, O LORD, whom you teach out of your law,
Psa.94.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- להשקיט: VERB,hiph,inf
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- מימי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- יכרה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לרשע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שחת: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Ps.7:15 (verbal): Uses the same imagery of digging a pit for the wicked (a trap laid for evildoers), paralleling the 'until a pit is dug for the wicked' language.
- Ps.94:23 (structural): Within the same psalm: both verses affirm God’s vindication of the righteous and the coming retribution on the wicked—rest for the godly until God executes judgment.
- Ps.37:9-10 (thematic): Promises that the wicked will be cut off and that the righteous will be delivered/inherit in due time—echoes the promise of relief for the godly concomitant with judgment on the wicked.
- Isa.26:20 (thematic): Calls the faithful to wait in safety 'until the indignation is past,' similarly portraying a period of protection or rest for God's people until divine judgment on the wicked is carried out.
- 2 Thess.1:6-7 (thematic): Speaks of God repaying affliction to persecutors and granting relief to the afflicted when the Lord is revealed—New Testament parallel of relief for the righteous coinciding with judgment on evildoers.
Alternative generated candidates
- to give him relief from the days of trouble, until a pit is dug for the wicked.
Psa.94.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יטש: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ונחלתו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- יעזב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 31:6 (verbal): God's promise not to fail or abandon his people — language close to 'will not forsake his inheritance,' affirming divine presence with Israel.
- Deuteronomy 31:8 (verbal): Assurance that the LORD goes before Israel and will not leave or forsake them; a parallel verbal motif of divine non‑abandonment.
- Joshua 1:5 (verbal): The promise 'I will never leave you nor forsake you' to Joshua echoes the same assurance that God will not abandon his people or their possession.
- Hebrews 13:5 (quotation): New Testament citation of the OT promise ('I will never leave you nor forsake you'), explicitly invoking the theme of God's refusal to abandon his people.
- Psalm 37:28 (thematic): Affirms that the LORD loves justice and will not abandon the faithful — thematically aligned with God not forsaking his 'inheritance' or people.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the LORD will not forsake his people, nor will he abandon his inheritance.
Psa.94.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- עד: PREP
- צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישוב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחריו: CONJ+PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- ישרי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Amos 5:24 (verbal): Presents the closely linked pair 'justice' and 'righteousness' (or righteousness and justice) as an ideal that should prevail—parallel language and moral vision to Ps 94:15.
- Isaiah 1:17 (thematic): Calls the people to 'learn to do good; seek justice, correct oppression'—an ethical exhortation that connects pursuit of justice with upright life, echoing Ps 94:15's association of justice and the upright.
- Psalm 89:14 (verbal): Declares 'Righteousness and justice are the foundation of your throne,' pairing the same concepts as foundational and divinely rooted—linguistic and theological parallel to Ps 94:15's coupling of justice and righteousness.
- Micah 6:8 (thematic): Summarizes what God requires—'to act justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly'—linking right conduct (uprightness of heart) with justice, resonant with Ps 94:15's promise that the upright will follow justice.
- Jeremiah 23:5-6 (thematic): Promises a Davidic ruler who will 'execute justice and righteousness in the land,' expressing the restoration of justice and righteousness—a prophetic counterpart to the restorative note in Ps 94:15.
Alternative generated candidates
- For judgment will return to righteousness, and all the upright in heart will follow it.
Psa.94.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מי: PRON,interr,sg
- יקום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- עם: PREP
- מרעים: VERB,qal,ptc,,m,pl
- מי: PRON,interr,sg
- יתיצב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- עם: PREP
- פעלי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- און: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.35:1 (verbal): A direct plea for support against adversaries—'Plead my cause... fight against them that fight against me' parallels the cry for someone to rise and stand against the wicked.
- Ps.43:1 (thematic): Both appeal for vindication and defense before unjust opponents—asking God to judge/plead the psalmist's cause against evildoers.
- Ps.118:6-7 (thematic): Expresses confidence that the LORD stands with the speaker so no man can prevail—answers the question of who will stand with the righteous against foes.
- Isa.59:16 (allusion): God 'saw that there was no man... no intercessor,' prompting divine action; thematically mirrors the search for someone to rise up and stand against iniquity.
Alternative generated candidates
- Who will rise up for me against evildoers? Who will stand up for me against workers of iniquity?
Psa.94.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לולי: CONJ
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עזרתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3fs
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- כמעט: ADV
- שכנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- דומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
Parallels
- Psalm 94:18 (structural): Immediate context: v.17’s hypothetical is continued and resolved in the next verse — when the psalmist’s foot slipped God’s steadfast love held him up (direct continuation of the help theme).
- Psalm 121:1-2 (thematic): Same reliance on the LORD as helper — help comes from the LORD who watches over Israel, echoing the dependence expressed in Ps 94:17.
- Psalm 116:8-9 (verbal): Language of deliverance of the soul and preservation from death or despair parallels Ps 94:17’s claim that, without the LORD’s help, the psalmist’s life/spirit would have failed.
- Isaiah 41:10 (thematic): God’s promise to uphold and strengthen ("I will uphold you") parallels the image of God preventing the psalmist from slipping or being overcome.
- Hebrews 13:6 (allusion): New Testament echo of the same trust: 'The Lord is my helper; I will not fear,' reflecting the psalmist’s confidence in God’s sustaining help.
Alternative generated candidates
- If the LORD had not been my help, my soul would soon have dwelt in silence.
Psa.94.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אם: CONJ
- אמרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,com,sg
- מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- חסדך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- יסעדני: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg+1cs
Parallels
- Ps.73:2-3 (verbal): Uses almost identical imagery of slipping/stumbling—“my feet had almost slipped” parallels the confession of a slipped foot and need for divine help.
- Ps.94:19 (structural): Immediate context/continuation: after God’s steadying, the psalmist describes God’s consolations that sustain him in distress.
- Ps.18:18-19 (thematic): Portrays the LORD as the psalmist’s stay/rescue in calamity—parallel theme of God holding up or supporting the one who is falling.
- Ps.121:3-4 (verbal): God’s protection of the foot—“he will not let your foot be moved”—echoes the motif of divine care that prevents or remedies a fall.
- Prov.24:16 (thematic): The idea of falling and being raised (the righteous rises again) resonates with the psalmist’s experience of slipping and being upheld by God’s steadfast love.
Alternative generated candidates
- When I said, 'My foot is slipping,' your steadfast love, LORD, upheld me.
Psa.94.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ברב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שרעפי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+1s
- בקרבי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,poss1s
- תנחומיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2ms
- ישעשעו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
Parallels
- Psalm 23:4 (verbal): Both speak of God's comforting presence in danger and distress — “thy rod and thy staff they comfort me” parallels God’s consolations that cheer the soul.
- Psalm 119:50 (verbal): Explicit link between comfort and affliction: “This is my comfort in my affliction, that thy word hath quickened me,” echoing consolation as relief for inner trouble.
- Isaiah 40:1 (allusion): The prophetic call “Comfort ye, comfort ye my people” thematically parallels divine consolation given to soothe and restore those in anguish.
- Matthew 5:4 (thematic): “Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted” resonates with the promise that God’s consolation brings joy and relief to the afflicted soul.
- 2 Corinthians 1:3-4 (thematic): Paul’s portrayal of God as one who “comforts us in all our tribulations” echoes the psalm’s theme that divine consolations revive and gladden the soul.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the multitude of my anxious thoughts within me, your consolations have brought joy to my soul.
Psa.94.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- היחברך: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- כסא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוות: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- יצר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עמל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- חק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Isa. 10:1 (verbal): Condemns those who 'decree iniquitous decrees' and write oppressive statutes—language and idea closely parallel the charge against rulers who frame injustice by statute.
- Isa. 1:23 (thematic): Accuses princes of being rebels and companions of thieves who accept bribes and pervert justice, echoing the theme of corrupt leadership allied with wrongdoing.
- Ps. 82:2-4 (thematic): God rebukes unjust judges and rulers who show partiality and fail to defend the oppressed; shares the psalm's concern with rulers perverting justice under God's sovereignty.
- Prov. 29:12 (thematic): Observes that when a ruler listens to lies his officials become corrupt—reflects the dynamic of leadership fostering injustice found in Psalm 94:20.
Alternative generated candidates
- Will the throne of wickedness be allied with you, which fashions mischief by statute?
Psa.94.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יגודו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- נפש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ודם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- נקי: ADJ,m,sg
- ירשיעו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Ps.35:11 (thematic): Speaks of false witnesses and malicious plotting against the speaker — parallels the idea of conspiring against the righteous and condemning the innocent.
- Ps.37:12-15 (verbal): 'The wicked plot against the just' and 'they gnashed on him with their teeth' echo the imagery of devising harm against the righteous found in Ps 94:21.
- Ps.109:2 (verbal): 'The mouth of the wicked and the mouth of the deceitful are opened against me' parallels the hostile counsel and accusations aimed at the righteous/innocent.
- Prov.6:16-19 (verbal): Lists 'hands that shed innocent blood' as an abomination — directly echoes the condemnation of shedding/condemning innocent blood in Ps 94:21.
- Isa.59:7 (thematic): Describes people who 'make haste to shed innocent blood' and whose thoughts are evil — thematically parallels the charge of conspiring against and condemning the innocent.
Alternative generated candidates
- They plot against the life of the righteous and condemn the innocent blood.
Psa.94.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- למשגב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- לצור: VERB,qal,inf
- מחסי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1s
Parallels
- Psalm 18:2 (verbal): Uses the same imagery and language—'The LORD is my rock, my fortress and my deliverer; my God is my rock, in whom I take refuge'—directly parallel to God as rock/refuge/stronghold.
- Psalm 31:3 (verbal): 'For you are my rock and my fortress'—shares the exact metaphors of rock and fortress as protection and refuge in distress.
- Psalm 62:6 (verbal): 'He only is my rock and my salvation; he is my fortress, I shall not be shaken'—again portrays God as rock/fortress and the psalmist’s refuge and security.
- Proverbs 18:10 (thematic): 'The name of the LORD is a strong tower; the righteous run into it and are safe'—same theme of the LORD as a stronghold/tower of refuge for the righteous.
- Nahum 1:7 (thematic): 'The LORD is good, a stronghold in the day of trouble; he knows those who take refuge in him'—portrays God as a dependable stronghold and refuge in trouble, echoing Psalm 94:22.
Alternative generated candidates
- But the LORD has been my stronghold, and my God the rock of my refuge.
Psa.94.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- אונם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3,m,pl
- וברעתם: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,m,pl
- יצמיתם: VERB,hiphil,imperfect,3,m,sg,obj:3,m,pl
- יצמיתם: VERB,hiphil,imperfect,3,m,sg,obj:3,m,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 32:35 (verbal): Uses the same divine claim of recompense—'Vengeance is mine; I will repay'—paralleling God’s promise to repay the wicked for their iniquity.
- Romans 12:19 (quotation): Direct NT citation of the Lord’s declaration 'Vengeance is mine; I will repay,' applied to the theme of divine retribution rather than human revenge.
- Hebrews 10:30 (quotation): Quotes the same divine formula ('Vengeance is mine; I will repay') and links it to God’s role as judge, echoing Psalm 94’s assertion that the LORD will punish the wicked.
- Psalm 28:4 (verbal): Prays that God 'repay them for their deeds'—a close verbal and thematic parallel emphasizing divine recompense for evil actions.
- Psalm 7:16 (thematic): Depicts retribution—'his mischief returns on his own head'—a thematic parallel affirming that the wicked will suffer the consequences of their evil, as Psalm 94 declares.
Alternative generated candidates
- He will repay them their iniquity and will cut them off in their wickedness; the LORD our God will cut them off.
Psa.95.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לכו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
- נרננה: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- נריעה: VERB,qal,cohort,1,c,pl
- לצור: VERB,qal,inf
- ישענו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 100:1 (verbal): Opening call to communal praise—'Make a joyful noise to the LORD' echoes the summons to sing and shout in Ps 95:1.
- Psalm 98:4 (verbal): Commands all the earth to 'make a joyful noise' and 'break forth into joyous song,' closely parallel in tone and vocabulary to Ps 95:1.
- Psalm 18:46 (18:47 MT) (verbal): Uses the title 'rock' and 'rock of my salvation'—language identical in imagery to Ps 95:1's 'Rock of our salvation.'
- Exodus 15:1 (thematic): A song of praise sung after divine deliverance ('I will sing to the LORD')—parallels Ps 95:1's joyful, victorious worship language.
- Isaiah 12:6 (thematic): A communal shout of praise ('Shout aloud and sing for joy') celebrating God's saving acts, thematically matching Ps 95:1's call to sing and shout to the Rock of salvation.
Alternative generated candidates
- Come, let us sing to the LORD; let us shout for joy to the rock of our salvation.
Psa.95.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נקדמה: VERB,qal,cohort,1,com,pl
- פניו: NOUN,m,pl,cons+3,m,sg
- בתודה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בזמרות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- נריע: VERB,qal,cohort,1,com,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 100:4 (verbal): Both exhort entry into God's presence 'with thanksgiving' (בזאת תודה); similar worship language of approach and gratitude.
- Psalm 92:1 (verbal): Explicit affirmation that it is good 'to give thanks to the LORD and to sing praises' — same pairing of thanksgiving and singing.
- Psalm 98:4 (verbal): Calls for the whole earth to 'make a joyful noise' (רננו/נריע), echoing the summons to shout and sing before God.
- Colossians 3:16 (thematic): New Testament instruction to teach and admonish one another with 'psalms, hymns and spiritual songs,' singing with thankfulness in the heart to God — parallels the Psalm's link of song and thanksgiving.
- Acts 16:25 (structural): Narrative example of believers 'singing hymns to God' together (Paul and Silas), illustrating the Psalm's call to joyful, communal singing in worship.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let us come into his presence with thanksgiving; let us make a joyful noise to him with songs of praise.
Psa.95.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- אל: NEG
- גדול: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ומלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גדול: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 96:4 (verbal): Uses almost the same language: declares the LORD great and to be feared 'above all gods,' echoing Ps 95:3's praise of God's supremacy over other gods.
- Psalm 135:5-6 (verbal): Explicitly states 'the LORD is great; our Lord is above all gods,' closely mirroring Ps 95:3's affirmation of God's greatness and superiority.
- Deuteronomy 10:17 (thematic): Proclaims Yahweh as 'God of gods and Lord of lords,' the same theological theme of divine supremacy found in Ps 95:3.
- Psalm 47:2 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD as a great King over all the earth, paralleling Ps 95:3's emphasis on God's kingship and exalted rule above all others.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the LORD is a great God, and a great King above all gods.
Psa.95.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בידו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- מחקרי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ותועפות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הרים: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Job 38:4-6 (thematic): God’s sovereignty over the earth’s foundations, depths and mountains — God challenges human understanding of creation and the placing of the earth’s foundations.
- Isaiah 40:12 (verbal): Uses the image of God holding/measuring the waters and the earth in his hand — close verbal imagery to 'in whose hand are the depths of the earth.'
- Psalm 95:5 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same thought within the psalm: the sea and dry land belong to the LORD, formed by his hands (direct parallel and completion of v.4).
- Psalm 24:1-2 (thematic): Affirms the earth belongs to Yahweh and that he founded it upon the seas — a parallel declaration of divine ownership and creative act.
- Psalm 104:6-8 (thematic): Describes God’s control over the waters and mountains (waters above the mountains then restrained) underscoring divine mastery over earth’s depths and heights.
Alternative generated candidates
- In his hand are the depths of the earth; the heights of the mountains are his also.
Psa.95.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- והוא: CONJ+PRON,3,m,sg
- עשהו: VERB,qal,ptc,ms,sg+3,m,sg
- ויבשת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ידיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,suff:3,m,sg
- יצרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Genesis 1:9-10 (verbal): The creation narrative describing God gathering the waters and making the dry land echoes the claim that the sea is His and that His hands formed the dry land.
- Job 38:8-11 (allusion): God's speech about shutting up the sea and setting its bounds and causing dry land to appear parallels the psalm's emphasis on God's sovereign act in making the sea and forming the land.
- Isaiah 45:12 (verbal): God declares that He made the earth and stretched out the heavens, and that His hands formed creation—language closely matching the psalm's 'His hands formed the dry land.'
- Psalm 104:5-9 (thematic): A poetic depiction of God establishing the earth and setting limits on the waters mirrors Psalm 95’s affirmation that the sea belongs to God and the dry land is His workmanship.
- Psalm 24:1 (thematic): The assertion that the earth and everything in it belong to the LORD complements Psalm 95:5’s claim of divine ownership and creative activity regarding sea and land.
Alternative generated candidates
- The sea is his, for he made it, and his hands formed the dry land.
Psa.95.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- נשתחוה: VERB,hitp,cohort,1,_,pl
- ונכרעה: VERB,qal,cohort,1,_,pl
- נברכה: VERB,qal,cohort,1,_,pl
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עשנו: NOUN,ptc,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 99:5 (thematic): Call to worship and bow before the LORD; both psalms exhort worship at God's sanctuary/footstool and emphasize his holiness.
- Psalm 99:9 (thematic): Another parallel psalmic summons to worship and bow down before the holy God, echoing communal liturgical praise.
- Revelation 4:10 (verbal): The twenty‑four elders fall down and worship before the throne—an apocalyptic scene that echoes the posture of prostration and worship in Ps 95:6.
- Philippians 2:10 (verbal): Paul declares that every knee will bow at the name of Jesus; parallels the motif of kneeling/bowing in worship found in Ps 95:6.
- Genesis 24:26–27 (structural): Abraham falls on his face and worships the LORD—an early narrative instance of prostration before God comparable to the psalmist's injunction to bow and kneel.
Alternative generated candidates
- Come, let us bow down and worship; let us kneel before the LORD, our Maker.
Psa.95.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- ואנחנו: CONJ+PRON,1,pl
- עם: PREP
- מרעיתו: NOUN,f,sg,poss:3ms
- וצאן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אם: CONJ
- בקלו: PREP
- תשמעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 100:3 (verbal): Almost identical wording: 'we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture' — same language of corporate belonging and pasture imagery.
- Ezekiel 34:31 (verbal): Very close phrasing reversed: 'Ye are my sheep, the sheep of my pasture; and I am your God' — same shepherd/sheep metaphor and covenantal identification.
- Psalm 23:1 (thematic): Shared shepherd motif: 'The LORD is my shepherd' expresses the same pastoral care and dependent relationship between God and his people.
- Hebrews 3:7 (quotation): Direct New Testament citation of Psalm 95:7–8 ('Today if ye will hear his voice…') used as a warning against hardening the heart.
- Hebrews 4:7 (quotation): Reiterates the Psalm's 'Today if ye will hear his voice' line to link hearing God's voice with entering God's rest.
Alternative generated candidates
- For he is our God, and we are the people of his pasture, the sheep of his hand. Today, if you will hear his voice:
Psa.95.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- תקשו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- לבבכם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
- כמריבה: PREP+NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- כיום: ADV
- מסה: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- במדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 17:1-7 (verbal): Earliest narrative of Massah and Meribah: the people quarrel with Moses and test God for water; Exodus 17:7 names the place 'Massah' and 'Meribah', which Psalm 95 recalls.
- Numbers 20:2-13 (verbal): Later Meribah episode at Kadesh where Israel's quarreling and testing of God leads to Moses striking the rock; a key background for Psalm 95's warning.
- Deuteronomy 6:16 (verbal): Direct admonition not to 'put the Lord your God to the test, as you tested him at Massah' — an explicit echo of the Massah/Meribah tradition behind Psalm 95:8.
- Hebrews 3:7-8 (quotation): New Testament directly quotes Psalm 95:7–8 ('Today, if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts'), using the Psalm's warning against the Israelite rebellion.
- Psalm 78:17, 41 (thematic): Psalm 78 recounts Israel's recurrent testing and unbelief in the wilderness (asking for food, testing God), thematically paralleling the Massah/Meribah motif invoked in Psalm 95:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- Do not harden your hearts as at Meribah, as on the day of Massah in the wilderness.
Psa.95.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נסוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- אבותיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- בחנוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- גם: ADV
- ראו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- פעלי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
Parallels
- Exodus 17:7 (thematic): Narrative of Massah and Meribah where Israel tested the LORD (‘Is the LORD among us?’) despite witnessing His works — the historical setting behind Ps 95:8–9.
- Numbers 14:22-23 (verbal): Speaks of the wilderness generation that ‘tested’ God and did not obey — uses the language of testing that Psalm 95 attributes to Israel and records God’s judgment.
- Hebrews 3:8-11 (quotation): New Testament passage that directly cites Psalm 95’s warning about hardening hearts and recounts the wilderness generation’s testing of God, applying the Psalm to hearers.
- Psalm 78:41 (verbal): Parallel Israelite lament that they ‘turned back and tempted God’ and forgot His works — a psalmic retelling of the same theme of testing God after seeing His deeds.
Alternative generated candidates
- When your fathers tested me; they tried me and saw my works.
Psa.95.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ארבעים: NUM,m,pl
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אקוט: VERB,qal,perf,1,ms,sg
- בדור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- עם: PREP
- תעי: ADJ,part,m,pl,abs
- לבב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- והם: CONJ+PRON,3,m,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- ידעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- דרכי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Hebrews 3:10 (quotation): Direct NT quotation of Ps 95:10 (they always go astray in their heart and have not known my ways) used to warn against unbelief and hardness of heart.
- Numbers 14:29-33 (verbal): God pronounces forty years of wandering on that generation because of their rebellion; links the forty‑year sentence with their unfaithfulness and refusal to follow God's ways.
- Deuteronomy 1:34-36 (allusion): Moses recalls the LORD's anger at the people and the decree that that generation would not enter the promised land—paralleling God's grievance with the rebellious generation.
- Psalm 78:40-42 (thematic): Retells Israel's repeated provoking of God in the wilderness and their forgetfulness/ testing of him—echoes the charge that the people erred in their hearts and did not know God's ways.
Alternative generated candidates
- Forty years I was provoked with that generation and said, 'They are a people who err in heart, and they do not know my ways.'
Psa.95.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשבעתי: VERB,niphal,perf,1,_,sg
- באפי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suf,1,sg
- אם: CONJ
- יבאון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- מנוחתי: NOUN,f,sg,poss1s
Parallels
- Hebrews 3:11 (quotation): Directly cites Psalm 95:11 — 'I swore in my wrath, They shall not enter into my rest' — using it as a warning about unbelief and failure to enter God's rest.
- Hebrews 4:3-5 (quotation): Explicitly appeals to Psalm 95:11 (verse 5) in its argument about God's rest and the divine oath that barred the disobedient from entering that rest.
- Numbers 14:30 (verbal): God declares that the faithless generation will not enter the promised land ('your dead bodies shall fall in this wilderness... you shall not enter the land'), paralleling the consequence of the divine oath in Psalm 95:11.
- Deuteronomy 1:35-37 (thematic): Records God's sworn refusal to allow the rebellious generation to enter the land because of their lack of faith — thematically parallel to Psalm 95:11's oath in wrath denying entry into God's rest.
Alternative generated candidates
- Therefore I swore in my wrath that they should not enter into my rest.
Psa.96.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שירו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- שיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חדש: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- שירו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Ps.98:1 (verbal): Begins with the identical injunction 'Sing to the LORD a new song' and continues the theme of God's marvelous acts prompting worldwide praise.
- Ps.33:3 (verbal): Commands to 'Sing to him a new song; play skillfully'—shares the specific phrase 'new song' and the call to musical praise.
- Ps.149:1 (verbal): Opens with 'Praise the LORD! Sing to the LORD a new song,' echoing the exact call to sing a new song in corporate worship.
- Isa.42:10 (allusion): Calls for singing 'a new song' from the ends of the earth—links the motif of a universal, renewed praise extending to all nations.
- Rev.5:9 (allusion): The heavenly 'new song' sung to the Lamb recalls the psalmic theme of a fresh song of praise connected to God's saving acts and universal worship.
Alternative generated candidates
- Sing to the LORD a new song; sing to the LORD, all the earth.
Psa.96.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שירו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ברכו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- בשרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מיום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישועתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 105:1-2 (verbal): Commands to give thanks/call on the LORD, sing to him, and make known his deeds—language and imperatives parallel to 'Sing to the LORD, bless his name; tell of his salvation.'
- Isaiah 12:4 (verbal): 'Give thanks to the LORD, call upon his name, make known his deeds' closely echoes the summons to bless God's name and proclaim his salvation.
- Psalm 145:2 (thematic): 'Every day I will bless you, and I will praise your name forever and ever' parallels the daily/continual proclamation and blessing of God's name.
- Psalm 98:1-2 (thematic): Calls for singing to the LORD because he has accomplished salvation—connects the call to sing with the declaration of God's saving acts.
- Psalm 34:1 (thematic): 'I will bless the LORD at all times; his praise shall continually be in my mouth' echoes the ongoing, day-by-day theme of blessing and declaring God's goodness.
Alternative generated candidates
- Sing to the LORD; bless his name; proclaim his salvation day by day.
Psa.96.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ספרו: VERB,qal,impv,2,_,pl
- בגוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כבודו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- נפלאותיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 16:24 (verbal): Almost identical wording in the ark‑psalm: 'Declare his glory among the nations, his marvelous works among all the peoples,' a direct liturgical parallel/quotation of the same tradition.
- Psalm 105:1 (verbal): Shares the command to make known God's deeds among the nations ('Give thanks to the LORD; call upon his name; make known his deeds among the peoples'), echoing the same motif of proclamation.
- Isaiah 12:4 (allusion): Isaiah calls for declaring the LORD's deeds among the peoples ('...make known his deeds among the nations'), echoing the psalmic summons to proclaim God's glory to the nations.
- Revelation 15:3–4 (allusion): New Testament hymn language celebrating 'great and marvelous are your deeds' and God's rule over the nations, reflecting the psalm's theme of proclaiming God's wondrous works to all peoples.
- Romans 15:9 (thematic): Paul speaks of the Gentiles glorifying God for his mercy—a thematic development of the psalm's call for the nations to hear and praise God's works.
Alternative generated candidates
- Declare his glory among the nations, his marvelous works among all the peoples.
Psa.96.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- גדול: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ומהלל: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,sg
- מאד: ADV
- נורא: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 95:3 (verbal): Directly parallels the wording and idea: both declare Yahweh a great God and a great King above all gods, asserting his supremacy.
- Exodus 15:11 (verbal): The victory-song rhetoric asks who is like Yahweh among the gods and emphasizes his majestic uniqueness—echoing the praise of God's greatness and fearfulness.
- Deuteronomy 10:17 (thematic): Declares Yahweh as 'God of gods, Lord of lords,' a legal/Deuteronomic formulation of divine supremacy that parallels the psalm's claim that he is to be feared above all gods.
- Psalm 86:8 (verbal): Affirms there is none like the Lord among the gods, closely echoing the psalmist's claim of Yahweh's incomparable status and deserving of praise.
- Psalm 96:5 (structural): The immediate context: it contrasts Yahweh's greatness with the gods of the nations (called idols), reinforcing why Yahweh is to be feared above all other gods.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the LORD is great and greatly to be praised; he is to be feared above all gods.
Psa.96.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- כל: DET
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- העמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אלילים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Jeremiah 10:11-12 (verbal): Explicit contrast between worthless idols and the true God who made the heavens and earth—Jeremiah 10:12 declares that the LORD made the earth by his power, echoing Psalm 96:5’s claim that Yahweh made the heavens while the gods of the nations are idols.
- Isaiah 45:18 (thematic): Affirms Yahweh as creator of the heavens and earth ('he created the heavens'), underscoring the same creator–idol contrast of Psalm 96:5.
- Isaiah 40:25-26 (thematic): Challenges idolaters by pointing to the Creator of the stars and heavens; like Psalm 96:5 it grounds Yahweh’s supremacy in his work of creation against powerless idols.
- Psalm 115:4-8 (thematic): Denounces the idols of the nations as man‑made, mute objects and implicitly contrasts them with the living God—parallels the assertion in Psalm 96:5 that the gods of the peoples are idols.
- Psalm 135:15-18 (thematic): Similar polemic against idols as the handiwork of humans and incapable of creator‑acts; reinforces Psalm 96:5’s opposition between idols and Yahweh, the maker of the heavens.
Alternative generated candidates
- For all the gods of the peoples are idols, but the LORD made the heavens.
Psa.96.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הוד: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- והדר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לפניו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- עז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותפארת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- במקדשו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ps.29:2 (verbal): Both verses call for ascribing glory and worshiping God in splendor/majesty; shared language about worship in the 'splendor' or 'majesty' of holiness.
- Ps.93:1 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD 'robed in majesty' and having put on strength—language of majesty and strength parallels 'honor and majesty' and 'strength' in God's sanctuary.
- Isa.6:3 (thematic): Heavenly vision where God's holiness and glory fill the temple; thematically parallels the presence of beauty/majesty in God's sanctuary.
- Exod.15:11 (verbal): Proclaims the LORD 'majestic in holiness' and awesome in glorious deeds—verbal and theological resonance with God's majesty and holiness before him.
- 1 Chr.16:29 (quotation): Liturgical call to 'worship the LORD in the splendor of holiness' from the same cultic/psalmic tradition, echoing the emphasis on God's majesty and the splendor of his sanctuary.
Alternative generated candidates
- Honor and majesty are before him; strength and beauty are in his sanctuary.
Psa.96.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הבו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- משפחות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עמים: NOUN,pl,m,abs
- הבו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כבוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועז: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 29:1 (verbal): Almost identical wording: a call to 'ascribe to the LORD ... glory and strength'—same verb and nouns, though addressed to heavenly beings rather than 'families of the peoples.'
- 1 Chronicles 16:28-29 (quotation): Chronicles repeats the summons nearly verbatim—'Ascribe to the LORD, O families of the peoples; ascribe to the LORD glory and strength'—a direct liturgical echo of Ps 96:7.
- Deuteronomy 32:3 (thematic): Moses' call to proclaim the name of the LORD and 'ascribe greatness to our God' parallels the Psalmic injunction to ascribe honor to Yahweh—shared cultic language of public confession and praise.
- Revelation 5:13 (thematic): A universal doxology in heaven and earth ascribes blessing, honor, glory and might to God and the Lamb, reflecting Ps 96's theme of all peoples/families giving glory and strength to the Lord.
Alternative generated candidates
- Ascribe to the LORD, O families of the peoples; ascribe to the LORD glory and strength.
Psa.96.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הבו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כבוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- שאו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
- מנחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ובאו: VERB,qal,imp,2,mp
- לחצרותיו: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ps.29:2 (verbal): Shares the nearly identical injunction 'Ascribe to the LORD the glory due his name,' echoing the command to give God glory.
- Ps.100:4 (verbal): Calls worshipers to 'enter his gates with thanksgiving, and his courts with praise,' paralleling 'bring an offering and come into his courts.'
- Ps.95:2 (thematic): Invites the community to 'come before his presence with thanksgiving' and make a joyful noise—thematic parallel of coming into God's presence with offerings and praise.
- Ps.96:9 (structural): Immediate continuation of v.8 within the same psalm; develops the worship motif with 'Worship the LORD in the splendor of holiness,' linking glory, offering, and courtly worship.
Alternative generated candidates
- Ascribe to the LORD the glory due his name; bring an offering, and come into his courts.
Psa.96.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השתחוו: VERB,hitp,imp,2,m,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- בהדרת: PREP
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- חילו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+pr3ms
- מפניו: PREP+3ms
- כל: DET
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Psalm 29:2 (verbal): Uses almost the same wording—'worship the LORD in the beauty/splendor of holiness'—a direct verbal parallel calling for worship in God's holy splendor.
- Psalm 95:6 (thematic): Calls the people to bow down and worship the LORD their Maker; shares the theme of corporate reverent worship before God.
- Habakkuk 2:20 (thematic): Proclaims 'the LORD is in his holy temple; let all the earth keep silence before him,' paralleling the call for all the earth to stand in awe/tremble before God.
- Isaiah 6:3-5 (thematic): The vision of God's holiness ('Holy, holy, holy') produces fear and self‑awareness in the worshiper—echoes worship in holiness and the awe/trembling before God.
Alternative generated candidates
- Worship the LORD in holy splendor; tremble before him, all the earth.
Psa.96.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אמרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בגוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- אף: ADV
- תכון: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- תבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בל: PART
- תמוט: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- ידין: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עמים: NOUN,pl,m,abs
- במישרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Ps.93:1 (verbal): Shares the opening declaration 'The LORD reigns' and the language about the world being established/unchanging ('the world also is established; it shall not be moved'), a close verbal parallel.
- Ps.97:1 (verbal): Begins with the same proclamation 'The LORD reigns' and develops the theme of God's kingship over the earth, echoing the call to recognize YHWH's rule.
- 1 Chron.16:31-33 (quotation): Part of David's thanksgiving that echoes the psalmic formula 'say among the nations, “The LORD reigns”' and the theme of the nations' response and God's coming judgment—drawing on the same liturgical material.
- Ps.98:9 (verbal): Contains virtually identical language about God's coming judgment ('For he comes to judge the earth... He will judge the peoples with equity'), paralleling the judgment clause of Ps 96:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- Say among the nations, 'The LORD reigns; yes, the world is established; it shall not be moved. He will judge the peoples with equity.'
Psa.96.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ישמחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- השמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ותגל: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ירעם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- ומלאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Ps.98:7-8 (verbal): Nearly identical imagery — heaven, earth, and the sea (and its fullness) are called to roar/rejoice in response to God's reign.
- Isa.44:23 (allusion): Calls on the heavens and earth to sing and rejoice because the LORD has acted; shares the summons of cosmic praise found in Ps 96:11.
- Isa.49:13 (verbal): Directly echoes the call for heaven and earth to be glad and sing, paralleling the language of cosmic rejoicing in Psalm 96:11.
- Ps.148:7-10 (thematic): A broader catalogue of creation (sea, depths, weather, animals) praising the LORD — the same theme of the natural world responding in praise.
- Job 38:7 (thematic): Depicts cosmic beings and creation rejoicing at God's creative acts, resonating with the motif of the heavens and earth rejoicing in Psalm 96:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice; let the sea roar, and all that fills it.
Psa.96.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יעלז: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- שדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- אז: ADV
- ירננו: VERB,piel,impf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- עצי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יער: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 96:11 (structural): Immediate context—v.11–13 form a unit calling heaven, earth, and nature to rejoice; v.12 continues the same liturgical summons (fields and trees responding in joy).
- Psalm 98:7–8 (verbal): Close parallel in language and imagery: both psalms call natural features (rivers/hills/trees) to clap or sing for joy before the LORD, reflecting a shared hymn tradition of creation praise.
- Isaiah 55:12 (verbal): Isaiah uses nearly the same motif—mountains and hills break forth into singing and 'all the trees of the field' clap—echoing the image of nature rejoicing in salvation/return.
- Revelation 5:13 (thematic): A New Testament example of cosmic praise: every creature in heaven and on earth sings to the Lamb, continuing the biblical theme of all creation responding in song to God’s acts.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let the field exult, and everything in it; then shall all the trees of the forest sing for joy.
Psa.96.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לשפט: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ישפט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- תבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בצדק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועמים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- באמונתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 98:9 (verbal): Almost identical wording — both verses proclaim God’s coming to judge the earth and that he will judge the world/peoples in righteousness or equity.
- Psalm 9:8 (verbal): Shares the key legal formula “he judges the world/peoples with righteousness/uprightness,” echoing the same portrayal of God as righteous judge.
- Psalm 96:10 (structural): Within the same psalm the adjacent verse declares the LORD’s reign and likewise affirms that he will judge the peoples with righteousness/fairness, reinforcing the present verse’s theme.
- Isaiah 11:4–5 (thematic): Prophetic description of the coming ruler who judges with righteousness and faithfulness — parallels the motif of a divinely ordained, just judgment of the nations and the earth.
Alternative generated candidates
- Before the LORD, for he comes; he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness and the peoples with his truth.
Psa.97.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- תגל: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ישמחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- איים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- רבים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 96:10-11 (verbal): Repeats the declaration 'The LORD reigns' and summons the earth to rejoice—very close liturgical language and imagery to Psalm 97:1.
- 1 Chronicles 16:31 (structural): Part of the ark-dedication liturgy that calls heaven and earth to rejoice and proclaims 'The LORD reigns,' echoing the communal praise formula of Ps 97:1.
- Psalm 93:1 (verbal): Begins with the same assertion 'The LORD reigns,' emphasizing God's kingship and establishing the same theological theme of divine sovereignty over the earth.
- Psalm 98:4-9 (thematic): Calls all the earth (sea, coastlands, rivers, hills) to sing and rejoice before the LORD—shares the cosmological rejoicing motif found in Ps 97:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD reigns; let the earth rejoice; let the many coastlands be glad.
Psa.97.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ענן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וערפל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- סביביו: NOUN,m,pl,pr_3ms
- צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומשפט: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מכון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כסאו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 89:14 (verbal): Nearly identical wording: 'Righteousness and justice are the foundation of your throne,' directly parallels the declaration about God's rule in Ps 97:2.
- Psalm 18:11 (verbal): Describes thick clouds and darkness surrounding God ('his pavilion round about him were dark waters and thick clouds of the skies'), matching the imagery of clouds and darkness encircling the Lord in Ps 97:2.
- Exodus 24:15-16 (structural): The cloud covering Mount Sinai and the glory of the LORD dwelling on the mountain links the motif of cloud as the visible accompaniment of God's presence found in Ps 97:2.
- Psalm 99:4 (thematic): Affirms the kingly love of justice and the establishment of equity ('The King in his might loves justice'), echoing Ps 97:2's emphasis on righteousness and justice as the basis of God's reign.
Alternative generated candidates
- Clouds and thick darkness surround him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.
Psa.97.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לפניו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- תלך: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- ותלהט: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- סביב: ADV
- צריו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 50:3 (verbal): Both verses use nearly identical imagery of God coming with a devouring fire that consumes before him and creates upheaval around him.
- Deuteronomy 4:24 (quotation): Describes the LORD as a 'consuming fire,' echoing the theme of divine holiness and destructive power that burns up enemies.
- Exodus 13:21 (structural): Depicts the LORD going before Israel as a pillar of fire, a theophanic motif of divine presence and guidance 'before' the people, paralleling the image of fire preceding God.
- Psalm 18:8-9 (verbal): Theophanic language—smoke, devouring fire, and violent manifestations of God's presence—parallels the imagery of fire consuming opponents around the Lord.
- Hebrews 12:29 (quotation): New Testament echo of the OT motif: 'our God is a consuming fire,' reflecting the same idea of God's purifying/judgmental fire that destroys hostile forces.
Alternative generated candidates
- A fire goes before him and burns up his foes round about.
Psa.97.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- האירו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- ברקיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ראתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ותחל: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Psalm 77:18 (verbal): Uses nearly the same language: "Thy thunder was in the heavens; the lightnings lightened the world: the earth trembled and shook," closely matching the lightning and earth‑trembling imagery.
- Psalm 18:7-15 (thematic): Theophany language—thunder, lightning, and the earth shaking as the LORD appears (earthquake and cosmic upheaval connected to divine presence).
- Job 37:3 (verbal): Speaks of God directing lightning under the whole heaven and to the ends of the earth, echoing the motif of lightning illuminating the world.
- Habakkuk 3:4-6 (thematic): A theophany depiction: God’s brightness and flashing rays and the shaking of the earth—same motif of divine light/brightness and earth trembling.
- Exodus 19:16-18 (allusion): Sinai theophany with thunder, lightning, smoke, and the mountain quaking—parallel setting where divine lightning/manifestation causes the earth and people to tremble.
Alternative generated candidates
- His lightnings light the world; the earth sees and trembles.
Psa.97.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הרים: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- כדונג: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נמסו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מלפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלפני: PREP
- אדון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Nahum 1:5 (verbal): Speaks of mountains quaking and hills melting at God’s presence—a close verbal and thematic parallel to 'mountains melt like wax before the Lord.'
- Isaiah 64:1 (verbal): Prayer for God to come down 'that the mountains might flow down'—uses melting/flowing mountain imagery similar to Ps 97:5.
- Habakkuk 3:6 (thematic): Describes ancient mountains crumbling and everlasting hills bowing at the divine presence—same theme of cosmic upheaval before Yahweh.
- Psalm 114:4 (thematic): At the exodus the mountains 'skipped like rams'—another poetic depiction of mountains moved or altered by God's presence, paralleling Ps 97:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- The mountains melt like wax before the LORD, before the Lord of all the earth.
Psa.97.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הגידו: VERB,hiph,impv,2,m,pl
- השמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- צדקו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- וראו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- העמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- כבודו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 19:1 (verbal): Both verses say the heavens declare God's character—Psalm 19:1: 'The heavens declare the glory of God,' closely echoing 'the heavens declare his righteousness.'
- Isaiah 40:5 (thematic): Isaiah foretells the revelation of the LORD's glory to all flesh—'the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it'—paralleling 'all the peoples see his glory.'
- Romans 1:20 (thematic): Paul argues that creation makes God's invisible attributes known to all people—creation reveals God's power/glory, resonating with the heavens declaring his righteousness to the nations.
- Habakkuk 2:14 (thematic): Habakkuk proclaims that the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the LORD's glory as the waters cover the sea, echoing the universal revelation of God's glory to all peoples.
Alternative generated candidates
- The heavens declare his righteousness, and all the peoples have seen his glory.
Psa.97.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יבשו: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- פסל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המתהללים: VERB,hitpael,ptcp,3,m,pl,def
- באלילים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- השתחוו: VERB,hitp,imp,2,m,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 96:5 (thematic): Affirms Yahweh’s supremacy over so-called gods/idols; contrasts the LORD who made the heavens with worthless idols, echoing Ps 97’s denunciation of idolaters and claim that all gods must bow to Yahweh.
- Psalm 115:4-8 (thematic): Condemns the impotence of carved idols (silver and gold) and the folly of trusting them—paralleling Ps 97’s rebuke of those who serve and boast in idols.
- Psalm 82:1 (structural): Depicts God presiding among the ‘gods’ (the divine council); Ps 97.7’s address to ‘all you gods’ to worship Yahweh resonates with the divine-council motif of divine beings summoned before the true God.
- Isaiah 46:5-7 (thematic): Mocks the making and carrying of idols that cannot move or speak, paralleling Ps 97’s shaming of idol-worshipers and asserting the living God’s supremacy over lifeless images.
- 1 Corinthians 8:5-6 (thematic): New Testament reflection that 'there are many so‑called gods' but ‘to us there is one God,’ echoing Ps 97’s idea that other 'gods' are subordinate and must acknowledge/worship the one true God.
Alternative generated candidates
- Confounded be all who serve carved images and boast of idols; bow down to him, all you gods.
Psa.97.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שמעה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ותשמח: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ציון: NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- ותגלנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
- בנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- למען: PREP
- משפטיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2ms
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Zephaniah 3:14 (verbal): Directly echoes the call for Zion/its daughters to rejoice ('Sing, O daughter of Zion; shout, O Israel'), parallel imperative to rejoice before the LORD.
- Zechariah 9:9 (verbal): Begins with 'Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion,' same vocative to Zion/daughter of Zion urging rejoicing in connection with the LORD's salvation/judgment.
- Joel 2:23 (verbal): Explicitly summons 'children of Zion' to be glad and rejoice in the LORD your God, closely matching Ps 97:8's address and reason for rejoicing (the LORD's acts/judgments).
- Isaiah 52:9 (thematic): Calls Zion/Jerusalem to 'break forth into joy' because the LORD has comforted his people—parallels Ps 97:8's exhortation to gladness grounded in the LORD's saving/judicial acts.
- Psalm 98:4 (thematic): A neighboring psalmic summons to make a joyful noise for the LORD because he has done marvelous things; thematically parallels Ps 97:8's rejoicing in the LORD's judgments/salvation.
Alternative generated candidates
- Zion hears and is glad; and the daughters of Judah rejoice because of your judgments, O LORD.
Psa.97.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עליון: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- מאד: ADV
- נעלית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 95:3 (verbal): Explicitly states the LORD is a great God and a King above all gods, closely mirroring the claim of YHWH’s supremacy 'above all the earth' and 'above all gods.'
- Psalm 96:4-5 (thematic): Asserts the greatness of the LORD and contrasts him with the 'gods of the peoples' (idols), echoing Psalm 97:9’s theme of YHWH’s exaltation over all gods.
- Deuteronomy 10:17 (structural): Declares YHWH as 'God of gods and Lord of lords,' a juridical/theological formulation of divine supremacy comparable to Psalm 97:9’s exalted language.
- Exodus 15:11 (allusion): The triumphant song asks 'Who is like you among the gods, O LORD?'—an ancient hymn that parallels Psalm 97:9’s praise of YHWH’s uniqueness and superiority.
- Isaiah 37:16 (thematic): Hezekiah addresses YHWH as enthroned above the cherubim and sole God, reflecting the motif of the LORD’s supreme, exalted position over all.
Alternative generated candidates
- For you, LORD, are most high over all the earth; you are exalted far above all gods.
Psa.97.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אהבי: NOUN,m,sg,poss-1s
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- שנאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- שמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- נפשות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- חסידיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3ms
- מיד: PREP
- רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יצילם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Proverbs 8:13 (verbal): Explicitly links fearing the LORD with hating evil—closely echoes the command “hate evil” addressed to those who love Yahweh.
- Psalm 145:20 (verbal): States that the LORD preserves all who love him and that the wicked perish—parallels the preservation/deliverance of God’s faithful in Ps 97:10.
- Psalm 37:28 (thematic): Affirms that the LORD loves justice and will not forsake his saints, preserving them while the wicked are cut off—similar theme of divine protection of the godly and judgment on the wicked.
- Psalm 34:17-19 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD hearing the righteous and delivering them from trouble (many afflictions), resonating with Ps 97:10’s promise that God saves his faithful from the hand of the wicked.
Alternative generated candidates
- You who love the LORD, hate evil; he preserves the lives of his saints; he delivers them from the hand of the wicked.
Psa.97.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- זרע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לצדיק: PREP
- ולישרי: CONJ+PREP+ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 112:4 (verbal): Uses similar language: 'Light dawns for the upright'—direct verbal parallel tying light to the upright/righteous.
- Proverbs 4:18 (thematic): Compares the path of the righteous to increasing light ('like the dawn'), echoing the idea of light as the destiny or portion of the righteous.
- Psalm 27:1 (thematic): Declares the LORD as 'my light and my salvation,' linking divine light with protection and joy for the righteous.
- Psalm 119:105 (thematic): 'Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path'—connects light with guidance and blessing given to the righteous/faithful.
- Isaiah 60:1 (thematic): 'Arise, shine, for your light has come'—applies the motif of light coming to God's people, paralleling joy and restoration for the upright.
Alternative generated candidates
- Light is sown for the righteous, and gladness for the upright in heart.
Psa.97.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שמחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,mp
- צדיקים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
- והודו: CONJ+VERB,piel,imprf,3,m,pl
- לזכר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קדשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 32:11 (verbal): Same exhortation: 'Be glad/rejoice in the LORD, O you righteous'—a direct call for the righteous to rejoice.
- Psalm 33:1 (verbal): Similar wording calling the righteous to rejoice and praise the LORD, linking rejoicing with praise of God's name.
- Psalm 30:4 (verbal): Very close verbal parallel: 'Sing unto the LORD... and give thanks at the remembrance of his holiness'—nearly identical phrasing about giving thanks for God's holiness.
- Psalm 29:2 (thematic): Connects worship/thanks with God's holiness: 'worship the LORD in the beauty of holiness,' echoing the appeal to praise because of God's holiness.
- Psalm 105:3 (thematic): Links rejoicing and glorying in God's holy name: 'Glory in his holy name; let the heart of them rejoice that seek the LORD,' similar theme of righteous rejoicing over God's holiness.
Alternative generated candidates
- Rejoice in the LORD, O you righteous; give thanks to the remembrance of his holiness.
A psalm, a song for the Sabbath day.
It is good to give thanks to the LORD, to sing praises to your name, O Most High;
to declare your steadfast love in the morning and your faithfulness at night;
on the ten-stringed lute, on the harp, on the melody with the lyre.
For the LORD has made me glad by his deeds; at the works of his hands I sing for joy.
How great are your works, O LORD! Your thoughts are very deep.
A senseless man does not know, nor does a fool understand this.
When the wicked spring up like grass and all evildoers blossom—to be cut off forever. But you are exalted forever, O LORD.
For behold, your enemies, O LORD; for behold, your enemies shall perish; all the workers of evil shall be scattered.
You have exalted my horn like the wild ox; I have been anointed with fresh oil.
My eyes have seen the downfall of my foes; my ears have heard of the wicked who rise against me.
The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree; they shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon.
Planted in the house of the LORD, they shall flourish in the courts of our God.
They shall still bear fruit in old age; they shall be full of sap and fresh,
to declare that the LORD is upright; he is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in him.
The LORD reigns; he is robed with majesty; the LORD is girded with might— the world stands firm and shall not be shaken.
Your throne is established from of old; you are from everlasting.
The floods lift up, O LORD; the floods lift up their voice; the floods lift up their roaring.
Mightier than the breakers of the sea— the LORD on high is mighty.
Your testimonies are very sure; holiness befits your house, O LORD, for evermore.
O LORD God, to whom vengeance belongs—O God, to whom vengeance belongs—shine forth!
Rise up, O Judge of the earth; repay the proud what they deserve.
How long, O LORD, shall the wicked exult? How long shall the wicked shout for joy?
They pour out words, they speak conceit; all the workers of evil boast themselves.
They crush your people, O LORD, and afflict your inheritance.
They kill the widow and the stranger, and slay the fatherless.
They say, “The LORD will not see; the God of Jacob will not perceive.”
Fools among the people—when will you be wise?
He who planted the ear—does he not hear? He who formed the eye—does he not see?
He who disciplines the nations—will he not reprove? He who teaches mankind—does he not know?
The LORD knows the thoughts of man; that they are but a fleeting breath.
Blessed is the man whom you discipline, O LORD, and whom you teach from your law.
To give him relief from the days of trouble, until a pit is dug for the wicked.
For the LORD will not forsake his people, nor will he abandon his heritage.
For justice shall return to the righteous, and all upright in heart shall follow it.
Who will rise up for me against evildoers? Who will stand for me against workers of iniquity?
If the LORD had not been my help, my soul would soon have dwelt in silence.
When I said, “My foot is slipping,” your steadfast love, O LORD, held me up.
In the multitude of my anxieties within me, your consolations delight my soul.
Shall the throne of wickedness, which frames mischief by statute, have fellowship with you?
They plot against the life of the righteous and condemn innocent blood. But the LORD has been my stronghold, and my God the rock of my refuge.
He will repay them for their iniquity and cut them off in their wickedness; the LORD our God will cut them off.
Come, let us sing to the LORD; let us make a joyful noise to the Rock of our salvation.
Let us come before his presence with thanksgiving; make a joyful noise to him with songs.
For the LORD is a great God, and a great King above all gods.
In his hand are the depths of the earth, and the heights of the mountains are his.
The sea is his, for he made it, and his hands formed the dry land.
Come, let us bow down and worship; let us kneel before the LORD our Maker.
For he is our God, and we are the people of his pasture, the sheep of his hand. Today, if you would hear his voice:
Do not harden your hearts as at Meribah, as on the day of Massah in the wilderness,
when your fathers tested me and tried me, and saw my works.
For forty years I was vexed with that generation; I said, “They are a people who err in heart, and they have not known my ways.”
Therefore I swore in my wrath that they should not enter into my rest.
Sing to the LORD a new song; sing to the LORD, all the earth.
Sing to the LORD; bless his name; proclaim his salvation day by day.
Declare his glory among the nations, his marvelous works among all peoples.
For the LORD is great and greatly to be praised; he is to be feared above all gods.
For all the gods of the peoples are idols, but the LORD made the heavens.
Honor and majesty are before him; strength and beauty are in his sanctuary.
Ascribe to the LORD, O families of peoples; ascribe to the LORD glory and strength.
Ascribe to the LORD the glory due his name; bring an offering, and come into his courts.
Worship the LORD in the splendor of holiness; tremble before him, all the earth.
Say among the nations, “The LORD reigns; the world also is established; it shall not be moved. He will judge the peoples with equity.”
Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice; let the sea roar, and the fullness thereof.
Let the fields be joyful, and all that is in them; then shall all the trees of the forest sing for joy.
Before the LORD—for he comes; for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness, and the peoples with his truth.
The LORD reigns; let the earth rejoice; let the many islands be glad.
Clouds and thick darkness are round about him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.
A fire goes before him and burns up his enemies round about.
His lightnings light the world; the earth saw and trembled.
The mountains melt like wax before the LORD, before the Lord of all the earth.
The heavens proclaim his righteousness, and all peoples see his glory.
Let those who serve carved images be put to shame, who boast of idols—worship him, all you gods.
Zion hears and is glad; and the daughters of Judah rejoice because of your judgments, O LORD.
For you, LORD, are high above all the earth; you are exalted far above all gods.
You who love the LORD, hate evil; he preserves the souls of his saints; he delivers them from the hand of the wicked.
Light is sown for the righteous and gladness for the upright in heart.
Rejoice in the LORD, O you righteous; give thanks to his holy name.