The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization
1 Chronicles 25:1-31
1 C.25.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבדל: CONJ+VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושרי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הצבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעבדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לבני: PREP
- אסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- והימן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וידותון: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- הנבאים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- בכנרות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בנבלים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ובמצלתים: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- מספרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3mp
- אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- מלאכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לעבדתם: PREP+VERB,qal,inf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-6 (verbal): Describes the appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun (and their brethren) to give thanks and praise before the ark with cymbals, harps and lyres—directly echoes the names, instruments and liturgical role in 1 Chr 25:1.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (structural): Account of David organizing Levites to minister with musical instruments and voices for the bringing of the ark; parallels the commissioning of temple musicians and the institutionalization of musical service.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (allusion): Hezekiah's reform renews Levitical musical service, naming Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and prescribing instruments and thanksgiving—echoes the same families and functions established under David.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31-48 (thematic): Genealogical listing of the Levitical families and their divisions, including the descendants of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun, situating the musician families mentioned in 1 Chr 25:1 within the broader Levitical organization.
Alternative generated candidates
- And David and the commanders of the army set apart for the service the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun, the seers, to sound cymbals, lyres, and harps; and their number, men of skill for the work, was established.
- David, together with the chiefs of the army, set apart for the service the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun — those who prophesied with lyres, harps, and cymbals — and their number were skillful men for their work.
1 C.25.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לבני: PREP
- אסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- זכור: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- ויוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונתניה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואשראלה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הנבא: ART+NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate context: verse 1 reports David and the chiefs appointing Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and their sons to serve as the king’s musicians/prophets—the setting for the list of Asaph’s sons in v.2.
- 1 Chronicles 6:39 (verbal): Genealogical repetition: an earlier list of the sons of Asaph (Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, Asarelah) appears in the Levitical genealogies, essentially the same names and role under the king.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16–19 (thematic): David’s earlier organization of temple singers: these verses describe appointing Asaph (with Heman and others) and their brothers to minister musically before the ark, paralleling the functional role of Asaph’s sons here.
- Psalm 73 (and Psalms of Asaph, e.g. Ps. 50, 74–83) (thematic): Asaphic psalms reflect the cultic/prophetic musical tradition associated with Asaph and his descendants, linking the family named in 1 Chr 25:2 to the body of temple-song authorship.
Alternative generated candidates
- To the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asarelah—these are the sons of Asaph by Asaph the seer before the king.
- To the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asarelah — the sons of Asaph, by Asaph the seer before the king.
1 C.25.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לידותון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ידותון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גדליהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וצרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וישעיהו: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חשביהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומתתיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ששה: NUM,card,m,pl
- על: PREP
- ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- ידותון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכנור: PREP
- הנבא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- הדות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- והלל: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter listing David's appointment of the sons of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun to prophesy with harp, lyre and cymbals — same function and wording about prophesying with instruments.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-19 (structural): Earlier account of organizing temple musicians (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) to minister ‘to give thanks and praise’ when the ark was brought up — parallels the role and institutional placement of Jeduthun’s sons.
- 1 Chronicles 16:41-42 (verbal): Describes the permanent appointment of Heman and Jeduthun and their relatives ‘to give thanks and praise the LORD,’ echoing the language and liturgical purpose found in 1 Chr 25:3.
- Psalm 39 (title) (allusion): Psalm heading ‘To the choirmaster; for Jeduthun’ reflects Jeduthun’s established role in temple liturgy and links the named musician in Chronicles to psalms intended for his troupe.
Alternative generated candidates
- To Jeduthun: the sons of Jeduthun—Gedaliah, Zeri, Jeshaiah, Hashabiah, and Mattithiah—six, by their father Jeduthun, who was the seer with the harp, to give thanks and praise to the LORD.
- To Jeduthun: the sons of Jeduthun — Gedaliah, Zeri, Jeshaiah, Hashavyahu, and Mattithiah — six, by their father Jeduthun, who prophesied with a lyre to give thanks and praise to the LORD.
1 C.25.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- להימן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- הימן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בקיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מתניהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזיאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שבואל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וירימות: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- חנניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חנני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אליאתה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גדלתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,na,sg
- ורממתי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ישבקשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלותי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הותיר: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- מחזיאות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate chapter context: David and the leaders set apart the sons of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun as temple musicians—the list in v.4 continues this roster.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16 (thematic): David's instruction to appoint Levites as singers, specifically naming Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun, provides the institutional background for the families listed in 1 Chr 25:4.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-7 (thematic): Passage describing the appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun to give thanks and lead worship, linking these figures (and their descendants) with liturgical leadership and song.
- Psalm 88:1 (verbal): The superscription 'For the choir director; a Psalm of Heman the Ezrahite' ties Heman (and his tradition of song) to the psalmic corpus, reflecting the same musical family named in 1 Chr 25:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- To Heman: the sons of Heman—Bukkiah, Mattaniah, Uzziel, Shebuel, and Jerimoth, Hananiah, Hanani, Eliathah, Giddalti, Romamti‑Ezer, Joshbekashah, Mallothi, and Hothir—who were left over, male descendants.
- To Heman: the sons of Heman — Bukkiah, Mattaniah, Azriel, Shebuel, and Jerimoth; Hananiah, Hanani, Eliathah, Giddalti, Romamti‑Ezer, Joshbekashah, Mallothi, Hothir, and Mahazioth.
1 C.25.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- להימן: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- חזה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בדברי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,construct
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
- להרים: VERB,hiphil,inf
- קרן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
- להימן: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ארבעה: NUM,card,m,sg
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- ובנות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons
- שלוש: NUM,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1-4 (structural): Immediate context: the same passage that introduces Heman, Asaph, and Jeduthun as David’s heads of the singers and lists their families and duties—continuation and fuller context for the statement that God gave Heman sons and daughters.
- 1 Chronicles 15:17-19 (thematic): Earlier account of David’s appointment of the Levite singers (including Heman) to minister musically before the ark—connects Heman’s official role as a royal seer/musician to his family’s service.
- Psalm 88:1 (heading) (verbal): Psalm ascribed to “Heman the Ezrahite” links Heman with psalmody and temple/music traditions, echoing his identification here as a principal musician/seer.
- Psalm 127:3-5 (thematic): Affirms the theological motif that children are a gift from the LORD—parallels the claim that ‘God gave Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.’
Alternative generated candidates
- All these were sons of Heman the king’s seer in the words of God to lift up the horn; and God gave Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.
- All these were sons of Heman who stood in the king’s presence by the word of God to lift up the horn; and God gave Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.
1 C.25.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- על: PREP
- ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- בשיר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- במצלתים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- נבלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וכנרות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לעבדת: PREP
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- וידותון: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- והימן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate context: names the leaders (Asaph, Jeduthun, Heman) and establishes the organization of the temple singers of which v.6 describes supervision and instruments.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-19 (thematic): David appoints Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun as leaders of the musical service with cymbals, stringed instruments, and harps—paralleling the assignment and instruments mentioned in 1 Chr 25:6.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 (verbal): Describes Levites with cymbals, harps and lyres sounding praise in the house of the LORD; parallels the instruments and temple liturgical setting of 1 Chr 25:6.
- 2 Chronicles 29:30 (allusion): Hezekiah reestablishes temple worship 'with the words of David and of Asaph,' and appoints Levites with instruments—echoing the ongoing tradition and leadership role of Asaph/Jeduthun/Heman in v.6.
- Psalm 50 (title) (allusion): The superscription 'A Psalm of Asaph' illustrates that members of Asaph's family served as temple composers/performers, reflecting the institutional musical role described in 1 Chr 25:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- All these were under their fathers in the songs of the house of the LORD, with cymbals, lyres, and harps, for the service of the house of God, under the direction of the king, and of Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman.
- All these were under their father in the singing of the house of the LORD with cymbals, harps, and lyres, to minister in the house of God — under the direction of the king, Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman.
1 C.25.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- מספרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,3mp
- עם: PREP
- אחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff,3,m,pl
- מלמדי: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- שיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- המבין: VERB,qal,ptc,ms,sg,def
- מאתים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- שמונים: NUM,m,pl
- ושמונה: CONJ+NUM,card,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same chapter that introduces the leaders (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) and the institution of the courses of singers; provides the wider list and purpose to which v.7 belongs.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (thematic): David’s earlier organization of Levites as singers and musicians for the ark—establishes the royal/temple practice of appointing trained singers (teaching, numbering, and instruments) reflected in 1 Chr 25:7.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-6 (thematic): David appoints Levites to minister before the ark to give thanks and praise—parallel theme of designated, instructed temple singers who lead corporate worship.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 (thematic): Description of Levites, singers, and musicians praising at the dedication of the temple—echoes the function and corporate numbers of trained singers cited in 1 Chr 25:7.
- Ezra 2:41 (thematic): Lists the returned exiles including the temple singers—shows continuity of designated singers in post-exilic temple life, paralleling the institutional role described in 1 Chr 25:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their number, with their brothers who were instructed in the songs of the LORD, all who had understanding, was two hundred eighty‑eight.
- And their number, with their brothers, the instructors of the song of the LORD — all who were skillful — was two hundred eighty‑eight.
1 C.25.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויפילו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- גורלות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- משמרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לעמת: PREP
- כקטן: PREP+ADJ,m,sg,abs
- כגדול: PREP+ADJ,m,sg,abs
- מבין: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עם: PREP
- תלמיד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (structural): Records the casting of lots to determine the 24 priestly courses—parallel procedure of casting lots to assign sacred divisions for temple service.
- 1 Chronicles 23:4-6 (thematic): David organizes and numbers the Levites and assigns them to duties—connects with the administrative ordering of Levites/singers and inclusion of both senior and junior officers.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah appoints Levites as singers and organizes temple music and praise—parallels David’s appointment of musical groups and assignment of responsibilities.
- Nehemiah 12:27-43 (structural): Describes organization of Levites and choirs for the dedication of the wall, with arranged courses and paired choirs—echoes the divided, scheduled service of temple musicians determined for rotation.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they cast lots, small and great alike, for the teacher and for the student.
- They cast lots for their courses, small and great alike, teacher with pupil.
1 C.25.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- הגורל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הראשון: ADJ,m,sg,def
- לאסף: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- ליוסף: PREP+NOUN,prop,sg,m
- גדליהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- ובניו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Introduces the appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and the setting apart of their sons for temple music — the immediate context for the lot-allocation named in v.9.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16 (verbal): David commands the Levites to appoint singers (including Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun); parallels the institutional assignment of musical families found in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (verbal): Describes the division of the priests into courses by casting lots — closely parallels the use of lots here to distribute temple service among Levites.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah organizes Levites and musicians for temple worship and thanksgiving, reflecting the same functional role and organization of temple singers as in 1 Chr 25:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- The first lot fell to Asaph; to Joseph—Gedaliah was second: he and his brothers and his sons, twelve.
- For the first lot fell to Asaph; for Joseph, Gedaliah was second — he and his brothers and sons were twelve.
1 C.25.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השלשי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- זכור: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1-7 (verbal): Immediate context that introduces and lists the temple singers (Heman, Asaph, Jeduthun) and their sons/brothers; 25:10 is one line in this same cataloging of families and numbers.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (structural): David's systematic division of priestly families into numbered courses — a parallel method of organizing religious service by family/rotation, analogous to the singers' divisions.
- 1 Chronicles 23:3-5 (structural): David’s census and assignment of the Levites to duties (including temple service) and the grouping of their families — parallels the organization and enumeration of singer-families in ch.25.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-24 (thematic): An earlier account of appointing Levites as singers and naming Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun for musical duties when bringing the ark — parallels both personnel and function.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (allusion): Hezekiah’s restoration of temple worship includes organizing Levites and singers to minister with music—a later enactment of the same institutional practice reflected in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The third, Zaccur—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The third lot to Zaccur — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הרביעי: ADJ,ord,m,sg,def
- ליצרי: PREP+PNOUN,m,sg
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Sets the overall context — David and the chiefs of Israel appoint Levites as singers and divide them into groups, the chapter framing the specific listing that includes verse 25:11.
- 1 Chronicles 25:6 (verbal): Uses the same formula of assigning a numbered leader and giving the count of his sons and brethren (parallel listing for another chief, showing the repeated cataloguing pattern).
- 1 Chronicles 15:19 (thematic): Mentions Heman, Asaph and Jeduthun as leaders of the musicians appointed by David — the same three families to which verse 25:11 attributes a designated place.
- 1 Chronicles 16:41–42 (thematic): Describes Asaph, Jeduthun and Heman and their descendants ministering as singers and gatekeepers, corroborating the family-based, hereditary temple-musician roles referenced in 25:11.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25 (allusion): Hezekiah organizes Levites for temple service and explicitly names the sons of Jeduthun among the musicians, reflecting the continued identification of Jeduthun’s family found in 1 Chronicles 25:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fourth, Nethaniah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The fourth to Yitzri — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- החמישי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- נתניהו: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate chapter introduction: David and the chiefs set apart the Levites as singers and organizes the same list of musical families of which Netaniah and his sons/brothers are part.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-19 (verbal): David appoints Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun to give thanks and to sound instruments—establishes the same leadership and musical tradition to which Netaniah’s family belongs.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 (thematic): Description of Levites (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) standing with musical instruments at the ark—parallels the temple-musician role and organized family groups like Netaniah’s twelve.
- Psalm 73 (heading) / Psalm 50 (heading) (allusion): Psalms ascribed to Asaph (head of a temple-musician guild) allude to the institutional, hereditary guilds of temple singers referenced in 1 Chr 25, to which Netaniah’s household belonged.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fifth, Mattaniah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The fifth to Nethaniah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הששי: NUM,ord,m,sg,def
- בקיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (thematic): Introduces David's arrangement of singers and names the chief musicians (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun); verse 13 is one entry in the roster of those musical families established there.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16 (structural): Records David's appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun to lead the music for the ark—parallels the organizational role and leadership of the families listed in 1 Chr 25, including the group in v.13.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4–6 (thematic): Describes Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun ministering with songs and thanksgiving before the ark, providing the functional background for the family divisions enumerated in 1 Chr 25:13.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1–19 (structural): Lists the priestly courses divided into family groups for temple service; structurally parallels the division of Levite/musical families in 1 Chr 25 (including the specific family count in v.13).
- 1 Chronicles 26:1–32 (structural): Gives a comparable cataloging of gatekeepers and their households for service; parallels 1 Chr 25:13 in its method of organizing temple personnel by family and number.
Alternative generated candidates
- The sixth, Bukkiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The sixth to Bukkiah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השבעי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ישראלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1Chr 25:1 (structural): Immediate context: introduces the appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and their sons as temple musicians—this verse is one entry in that same roster.
- 1Chr 25:8 (verbal): Uses the same genealogical/formulaic wording (“his sons and brethren, twelve”) for another chief in the same catalogue, showing a repeated roster formula.
- 1Chr 24:6-19 (thematic): Lists the organized divisions of priests and Levites for temple service—parallels the broader theme of organizing family-based ministries for worship.
- 2Chr 29:25-30 (thematic): Describes the Levites (including Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun) standing and ministering with instruments and voices in the temple—parallels the functional role of the named families.
- 1Chr 16:4-7 (thematic): Records David setting aside Asaph and his brethren to give thanks and praise before the ark—another passage assigning Asaph’s family to liturgical duties, echoing the roster in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The seventh, Asarelah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The seventh to Asarelah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השמיני: ADJ,ord,m,sg,def
- ישעיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1-8 (structural): Contextual parallel within the same chapter: the chapter organizes the Levitical singers into families and lists the leaders (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) and their allotted sons—v.15 is one entry in this roster.
- 1 Chronicles 23:5-6 (structural): David's earlier organization of the Levites into duties and households; parallels the administrative ordering of Levites (including musicians) and assignment of family groups for temple service.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (structural): Division of the priests into courses by David; parallels 1 Chr 25 in form and purpose—arranging families into numbered groups for regular service in the sanctuary.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah's restoration of Levitical music and appointment of singers and musicians for temple worship; thematically parallels the role and function of the families listed in 1 Chr 25:15.
- Ezra 2:41 (cf. Nehemiah 7:44) (verbal): Lists of temple singers and porters among those returning from exile (the 'singers' as a distinct group); a later roster that parallels the institutional category of 'singers' and their families attested in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The eighth, Jeshaiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The eighth to Jeshaiah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- התשיעי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- מתניהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (thematic): Introductory verse establishing David's appointment of skilled musicians and the Levitical guild from which the individual leaders (like Mattaniah) are drawn.
- 1 Chronicles 25:15 (structural): Immediately adjacent verse in the same catalogue listing the eighth musical leader—parallels the enumerative pattern and family-counting used for the ninth (Mattaniah).
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-24 (thematic): Earlier account of David organizing singers and musicians for moving the ark; provides the functional and institutional background to the musical families listed in ch.25.
- Nehemiah 12:31-47 (thematic): Postexilic description of priests and Levites organized into musical divisions for a public dedication; echoes the practice of naming musical leaders and families for liturgical service.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah's restoration of temple worship includes appointing Levites and musicians and prescribing their duties—parallels the institutional role and liturgical function of Mattaniah and his kin.
Alternative generated candidates
- The ninth, Mattithiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The ninth to Mattithiah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- העשירי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- שמעי: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Introduces the appointment of temple singers by David and the chiefs (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun), providing the immediate context and origin for the later detailed family lists in which Shimei is named.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-19 (verbal): Describes the earlier organization and appointment of Levites as singers (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun and their sons), paralleling both the personnel and function of the musician families listed in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (structural): Lists the priestly divisions into numbered courses (sons and brothers), paralleling the same organizational pattern and genealogical formula used for the Levitical musicians in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20-28 (verbal): Gives a parallel list of Levite gatekeepers with the same style of enumeration ('the nth… his sons and brethren were X'), mirroring the formulaic household counts used for the musician families (including Shimei).
- 2 Chronicles 29:25 (thematic): Describes the appointment of Levites as musicians (cymbals, harps, lyres) in temple worship — thematically parallels the role and cultic function of the families enumerated in 1 Chr 25, including Shimei's household.
Alternative generated candidates
- The tenth, Shemaiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The tenth to Shimei — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עשתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- עזראל: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate context: the appointment and organization of musicians (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) whose sons and brothers are named and numbered in vv.18–31.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31-48 (verbal): Genealogical list of Levites and the households of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun—repeats the names and family groupings that are enumerated here.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-6 (thematic): David appoints Asaph, Heman and their relatives to give thanks and sing before the ark—parallels the establishment of Levitical musicians and their duties.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah’s reformation: Levites and musicians are organized for temple worship (singers, instruments, divisions), echoing the temple-musician arrangements in 1 Chr 25.
- Psalms 73–83 (thematic): A body of psalms attributed to Asaph (and his school); these compositions reflect the liturgical/musical role of Asaph’s family recorded in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The eleventh, Azarel—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The eleventh to Azrael — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- לחשביה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (thematic): Introduction to David's appointment of the Levites as singers and musicians—sets the context for the numbered groups mentioned in v.19.
- 1 Chronicles 25:8 (verbal): Earlier enumeration of Asaph’s family and their service; provides the names and family context underlying the summary statement in v.19.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20 (verbal): Similar phrasing about a leader’s ‘‘sons and brothers, twelve’’ in the listing of gatekeepers—parallel administrative/household enumeration formula.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12–13 (thematic): Description of Levites and musicians assembled to give thanks and praise at the ark’s installation—parallels the function and liturgical role of the groups enumerated in 1 Chronicles 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The twelfth, Hashabiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The twelfth to Hashavyahu — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לשלשה: PREP+NUM,card,m,sg
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- שובאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:19 (verbal): Immediate neighboring verse using the same formula to list a temple-musician family and their numbers (’To Shuppim and Hosah were fourteen…’), showing the repetitive genealogical phrasing.
- 1 Chronicles 25:21 (verbal): Another line in the same chapter with the identical structural formula listing a leader of singers and the count of his sons and brothers (’To Mattithiah were twelve…’), paralleling the census-style entries.
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Opens the chapter by stating that David and the chiefs set Heman, Asaph, and Jeduthun over the musical service—provides the organizational framework for the family listings such as v.20.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (thematic): David’s earlier appointment of Levites as singers and musicians before the ark parallels the same institutional practice of organizing temple musicians reflected in 1 Chr 25.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah’s reconstitution of the Levitical singers and musical worship mirrors the theme of assigning families of musicians and ordering temple liturgical service found in 1 Chr 25:20.
Alternative generated candidates
- The thirteenth, Shebuel—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The thirteenth to Shubael — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לארבעה: PREP+NUM,m,sg,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- מתתיהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:20 (verbal): Immediate neighboring verse in the same roster of temple singers; continues the enumeration of named leaders and their households (direct continuation of the list).
- 1 Chronicles 25:22 (verbal): Follows 25:21 within the same catalog of musical families — similarly records a leader with ‘his sons and brothers’ and the number assigned, showing the same list-format and formulaic wording.
- 1 Chronicles 23:6–23 (structural): Earlier chapter that organizes Levitical families and their assignments to temple service; parallels the administrative ordering and household counts of Levites used in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 24:3–19 (structural): Lists the divisions of Aaron's sons and the organization of priestly courses; parallels 1 Chr 25 in presenting formal, numbered divisions of cultic personnel and household groupings.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25–30 (thematic): Describes Levites and musicians appointed for temple worship under Hezekiah’s reforms; thematically parallels David’s appointment of musical/leviral households and the role of Levites in liturgical music.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fourteenth, Mattithiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The fourteenth to Mattathiah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לחמשה: PREP,NUM,m,sg
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- לירמות: PREP,NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Introduces the same context — David and the chiefs organizing the singers (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) — framing the list of musical families to which v.22 belongs.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16–22 (thematic): Describes David’s earlier appointment and organization of Levites as musicians for worship (assignment of singers and instruments), a comparable administrative arrangement to the lists in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 23:4–5 (thematic): David and the leaders set Levites and their sons apart for service, including duties of the house of the LORD and roles that encompass the singing families later detailed in ch.25.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25–30 (allusion): Hezekiah reconstitutes Levitical singers 'according to the commandment of David and of his father' (naming Asaph), reflecting and invoking the same Davidic organization of singer-families embodied in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fifteenth, Jerimoth—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The fifteenth to Jerimoth — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לששה: PREP+NUM,m,sg,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- לחנניהו: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (thematic): Introduces David's appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and their descendants as temple musicians—gives the overall context for the numbered divisions to which v.23 belongs.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1–19 (structural): Describes the division of the priestly courses by lot; parallels the organizational pattern of dividing Levites into numbered groups for service (an analogous administrative structure to the musicians' divisions).
- 1 Chronicles 15:16, 19–22 (verbal): Records David's earlier appointment of Levites as singers and the instruments they used—parallels vocabulary and the theme of instituting organized musical service before the ark/Tabernacle.
- 1 Chronicles 25:22 (verbal): An immediately adjacent entry in the same list ('for the fifteenth...') using the same formula and structure for assigning a named leader with his sons and relatives; shows the patterned, sequential allocation of musical groups that includes v.23.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25–30 (thematic): Hezekiah's restoration of Levitical singers and temple music echoes the institutional role and duties of the musical divisions described in 1 Chronicles 25, illustrating continuity in Israelite worship practice.
Alternative generated candidates
- The sixteenth, Hananiah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The sixteenth to Hananiah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לשבעה: PREP+NUM,m,sg
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- לישבקשה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (thematic): David appoints Levites as musicians—names Heman, Asaph and Jeduthun appear here as chiefs of the musical corps, paralleling the genealogical listing of their sons and divisions in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-7 (thematic): Describes the Levitical musicians (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) and their role in worship and thanksgiving, providing the functional background for the family lists and numbers given in 1 Chr 25:24.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31-48 (structural): Gives genealogies and assignments of Levites and priests; parallels 1 Chr 25’s detailed listing of Levite families and the allocation of sons and duties (structural/genealogical correspondence).
- Nehemiah 12:31-47 (verbal): At the dedication of Jerusalem’s wall the same musical families (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun and their divisions) are named and organized for temple worship, echoing the names and groupings recorded in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The seventeenth, Joshbekashah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The seventeenth to Joshbekashah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לשמונה: PREP+NUM,f,sg,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- לחנני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Introduces David's organization of the Levites into musical divisions from which verse 25 (a specific assignment) derives — same chapter and overall structure of numbered groups.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (thematic): Describes the original appointment of Levites as singers and names Chenaniah (similar to Hanani) as chief of the music, providing background for the later numbered families in 1 Chr 25.
- Nehemiah 12:27-43 (thematic): Accounts of organizing singers and Levite divisions for the dedication of Jerusalem's wall, including named families and paired companies of singers — parallels the practice of numbering and assigning musical groups in 1 Chr 25.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah's reorganization of Levitical singers and musicians for temple worship mirrors the institutional role and duties of the named families listed in 1 Chr 25:25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The eighteenth, Hanani—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The eighteenth to Hanani — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לתשעה: PREP+NUM,m,sg
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- למלותי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate chapter parallel: introduces David’s appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and their sons for the musical divisions—verse 26 continues the enumeration of those sons and brothers.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (verbal): David’s earlier organization of Levites as musicians (naming Heman, Asaph and Jeduthun and assigning cymbals, harps, lyres) parallels the personnel and musical functions listed in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 23:5 (thematic): Like 1 Chr 25’s listing of sons and brothers set aside for temple service, 1 Chr 23 treats the allocation of Levites to ministering duties and the numbering of families.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-6 (thematic): Passage describing Levites appointed to minister, give thanks and praise before the ark parallels the functional purpose behind the musical families enumerated in 1 Chr 25: they are set apart for liturgical service.
- Nehemiah 12:28-30 (allusion): Postexilic record of temple musicians and the organization of singers (including families of Asaph/Heman) echoes the chronicler’s earlier listing and shows continuity of these musical divisions.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nineteenth, Mallothi—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The nineteenth to Mallothi — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לעשרים: PREP+NUM,m,pl,abs
- לאליתה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Introductory verse establishing David's appointment of singers and musicians—sets the administrative context for the list to which v.27 belongs.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (structural): Parallel organizational scheme: lists priestly/Levitical divisions and courses for temple service, analogous to the numbered families and rotations in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31-38 (verbal): Genealogical listing of Levites (including families of Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) that corresponds to the names and family-group assignments found in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 23:4-6 (thematic): David's earlier organization of Levites for temple ministry (numbering and age qualifications) parallels the assignment of sons and brothers to numbered service groups in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The twentieth, Eliathah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The twentieth to Eliathah — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לאחד: PREP
- ועשרים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- להותיר: VERB,hiph,inf
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:24 (structural): Another entry in the same chapter uses the identical cataloguing formula — naming a leader and giving the number of his 'sons and brothers' assigned to a division of temple musicians.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (structural): Parallel organizational scheme: David divides priestly service into numbered courses (families/turns), analogous to the numbered divisions of temple musicians in 1 Chr 25.
- 1 Chronicles 23:4-6 (thematic): David's organization and numbering of Levites for temple service (assigning duties and groups) parallels the assignment of leaders and their 'sons and brothers' in the musical divisions.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah restores and organizes the Levites for temple music and worship, describing their stations and numbers — thematically parallel to Chronicles' listing of musical leaders and households.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 (thematic): Description of Levites with cymbals, harps and lyres praising at the ark-transfer echoes the role and corporate musical service assigned to the families listed in 1 Chr 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- The twenty‑first, Hothir—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The twenty‑first to Hothir — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לשנים: PREP+NUM,m,du,abs
- ועשרים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- לגדלתי: PREP+VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Immediate chapter introduction: David and the commanders organize the sons of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun for musical service — provides the broader context for the individual allotments like v.29.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-19 (thematic): David organizes priestly courses by lot, assigning sons and brothers to numbered divisions — a parallel administrative pattern to the assignment of Levites and musicians in 1 Chr 25:29.
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (thematic): David appoints Levites as singers and musicians for bringing the ark, listing families and duties — an earlier instance of appointing musical ministers analogous to the allocations in 1 Chr 25:29.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (thematic): Hezekiah arranges the Levites and musicians for temple worship, organizing singers and instruments — a later, parallel account of structuring temple music and liturgical service.
Alternative generated candidates
- The twenty‑second, Giddalti—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The twenty‑second to Giddalti — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לשלשה: PREP+NUM,card,m,sg
- ועשרים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- למחזיאות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 25:1 (structural): Introduces David’s appointment of Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and their sons as the organized groups of singers—provides the immediate structural context for the numbered lists in v.30.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-6 (verbal): David appoints Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun to minister with cymbals, harps and lyres—parallels the assignment of musicians and instruments underlying 25:30.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 (thematic): Describes the Levites (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun) as trained musicians praising at the temple dedication—echoes the organized choir and musical service in 1 Chr 25.
- 2 Chronicles 29:25-30 (quotation): Hezekiah arranges the Levites to sing 'according to the commandment of David' and outlines divisions and duties—directly echoes Davidic organization reflected in 1 Chr 25:30.
- 2 Chronicles 35:15 (allusion): At Josiah’s Passover the singers minister 'according to the commandment of David and of Asaph,' showing later liturgical use of the Davidic/Asaphic musical divisions named in 1 Chr 25:30.
Alternative generated candidates
- The twenty‑third, Joshbekashah—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The twenty‑third to Mahazioth — his sons and brothers were twelve.
1 C.25.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לארבעה: PREP+NUM,m,sg
- ועשרים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- לרוממתי: PREP+VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
- עזר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 15:16-22 (structural): David appoints Asaph, Heman and Jeduthun and their brethren as musicians, listing instruments and duties—parallel roster and function to the musician divisions described in 1 Chr 25:31.
- 1 Chronicles 16:4-7 (thematic): David appoints Levites to minister with songs and instruments before the ark, reflecting the same temple-music appointment and liturgical role as in 1 Chr 25:31.
- 2 Chronicles 5:12-13 (thematic): Priests and Levites with trumpets and instruments praise when the ark is brought in; parallels the use of organized Levitical musical groups for public worship.
- Ezra 3:10-11 (thematic): Levites sing and give thanks with cymbals and other instruments at the foundation of the second temple—another instance of Levitical choirs and instrumental divisions in a cultic setting.
- Psalm 68:25 (allusion): Mentions singers and musicians (often associated with Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun)—an image resonant with the organized groups of temple musicians described in 1 Chr 25:31.
Alternative generated candidates
- The twenty‑fourth, Romamti‑Ezer—his sons and his brothers, twelve.
- The twenty‑fourth to Romamti‑Ezer — his sons and brothers were twelve.
David and the commanders of the army set apart for the service the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun, who prophesied, with lyres, harps, and cymbals; and their number, men of skill for their service, was recorded.
To the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asarelah — the sons of Asaph, by Asaph the seer who stood before the king.
To Jeduthun: the sons of Jeduthun — Gedaliah, Zeri, Jeshaiah, Hashabiah, and Mattithiah — six, by their father Jeduthun; with the lyre he prophesied, giving thanks and praise to the LORD.
To Heman: the sons of Heman — Bukkiah, Mattaniah, Uzziel, Shubael, Jerimoth, Hananiah, Hanani, Eliathah, Giddalti, Rammamti‑Ezer, Joshbekashah, Mallothi, Hothir, Mahazioth.
All these were sons of Heman, the king’s seer in the words of God for lifting up the horn; and God gave Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.
All these, by their fathers, were in the song of the house of the LORD, with cymbals, harps, and lyres for the ministry of the house of God, under the king — Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman.
Their number, with their brothers who taught the song to the LORD — all the skillful — was two hundred eighty‑eight.
They cast lots for their divisions, the small and the great alike, both among the men and among the apprentices.
The first lot came out for Asaph; for Joseph, Gedaliah was second — he and his brothers and his sons were twelve.
The third for Zaccur — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The fourth for Izri — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The fifth for Nethaniah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The sixth for Bukkiah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The seventh for Asarelah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The eighth for Jeshaiah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The ninth for Mattaniah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The tenth for Shimei — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The eleventh for Azarel — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The twelfth for Hashabiah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The thirteenth for Shubael — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The fourteenth for Mattithiah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The fifteenth for Jerimoth — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The sixteenth for Hananiah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The seventeenth for Joshbekashah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The eighteenth for Hanani — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The nineteenth for Mallothi — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The twentieth for Eliathah — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The twenty‑first for Hothir — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The twenty‑second for Giddalti — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The twenty‑third for Mahazioth — his sons and his brothers were twelve.
The twenty‑fourth for Rammamti‑Ezer — his sons and his brothers were twelve.