Jesus Mocked and Scourged
Matthew 27:27-31
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Matt.27.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Τοτε: ADV
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- στρατιωται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ηγεμονος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- παραλαβοντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- Ιησουν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,nom,sg,n
- πραιτωριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- συνηγαγον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- επ᾽αυτον: PREP+PRON,acc,sg,m
- ολην: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- σπειραν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Mark 15:16 (verbal): Direct Synoptic parallel — Mark likewise records the soldiers taking Jesus into the praetorium and assembling the whole cohort to mock him.
- John 19:2 (structural): John describes the soldiers’ subsequent actions (twisting a crown of thorns, clothing him in purple) after bringing Jesus to the governor’s headquarters, paralleling Matthew’s scene of the soldiers’ humiliation.
- Luke 23:36 (thematic): Luke recounts Roman soldiers mocking Jesus and offering him sour wine, thematically paralleling the troop’s role in Matthew’s praetorium scene.
- Psalm 22:7 (allusion): Psalmic imagery of onlookers mocking and making mouths at the sufferer echoes the humiliation inflicted by the soldiers in the passion narrative.
- Isaiah 53:3 (allusion): Isaiah’s description of the suffering servant as 'despised and rejected' thematically parallels Jesus’ treatment by the governor’s soldiers in Matthew.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then the governor’s soldiers took Jesus into the governor’s headquarters, and they gathered the whole cohort around him.
- Then the governor's soldiers took Jesus into the governor's headquarters and gathered the whole cohort about him.
Matt.27.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εκδυσαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- χλαμυδα: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- κοκκινην: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- περιεθηκαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 15:17 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel—Mark describes the Roman soldiers stripping Jesus and putting a purple (βυσσινον) robe on him as part of the same mocking royal mockery scene.
- John 19:2 (verbal): John likewise records the soldiers clothing Jesus in a purple robe and mocking him as king (ties to the crown of thorns and purple/scarlet robe motif).
- Luke 23:11 (structural): Luke narrates Herod and his soldiers mocking Jesus and dressing him in a 'gorgeous' robe before sending him back to Pilate—parallels the motif of humiliation by royal apparel in the Passion accounts.
- Psalm 22:18 (22:19 LXX) (thematic): Psalm 22 anticipates the derisive treatment of the righteous sufferer (e.g., dividing garments, mocking) and is a theological background for the Passion's humiliation motifs, including the placing of a mock-royal robe on Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- They stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him.
- They stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him.
Matt.27.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- πλεξαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- στεφανον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εξ: PREP
- ακανθων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- επεθηκαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- επι: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- κεφαλης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,3,m
- και: CONJ
- καλαμον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- δεξια: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,3,m
- και: CONJ
- γονυπετησαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- εμπροσθεν: PREP
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,3,m
- ενεπαιξαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- λεγοντες·Χαιρε: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,m
- βασιλευ: NOUN,voc,sg,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Ιουδαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- Mark 15:17-18 (verbal): Soldiers place a purple cloak and a twisted crown of thorns on Jesus and mockingly salute him 'Hail, King of the Jews,' a near-verbatim parallel to Matthew's description.
- John 19:2-3,5 (verbal): John likewise records the crown of thorns, the reed, and the soldiers' mocking salutation, confirming the same mocking ritual and words.
- Luke 22:63-65 (thematic): Earlier Roman/soldier mockery of Jesus at the high priest's house (beating, blindfolding, taunting) echoes the theme of contempt and derision culminating in the crucifixion scene.
- Psalm 22:7-8 (allusion): The psalmist depicts bystanders mocking the sufferer ('He trusts in the LORD; let the LORD deliver him'), a prophetic/typological source often linked to Gospel accounts of Jesus' public derision.
- Isaiah 53:3 (thematic): The Suffering Servant is described as 'despised and rejected,' reflecting the theme of scorn and humiliation that characterizes the crown-of-thorns episode.
Alternative generated candidates
- They twisted a crown of thorns and set it on his head, and they put a reed in his right hand. Kneeling before him, they mocked him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!"
- And braiding a crown of thorns they set it on his head and placed a reed in his right hand; and kneeling before him they mocked him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!"
Matt.27.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εμπτυσαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- εις: PREP
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- ελαβον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- καλαμον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ετυπτον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- κεφαλην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,3,m
Parallels
- Mark 15:19 (verbal): Nearly identical wording—they spat on him, took the reed, and struck his head (direct narrative parallel to Matthew 27:30).
- John 19:3 (verbal): The soldiers mock Jesus by striking him and spitting on him—another close verbal parallel in the Passion narratives.
- Matthew 26:67 (verbal): An earlier episode in Matthew’s Gospel where Jesus is spat upon and struck during his Jewish trial—same pattern of abuse.
- Isaiah 50:6 (allusion): Servant-suffering language: 'I gave my back to those who struck me, and my cheeks to those who plucked out the beard; I did not hide my face from shame and spitting'—an Old Testament source echoed in the Passion.
- Psalm 22:7–8 (thematic): Imagery of public mockery and insults ('All who see me mock me; they hurl insults...') parallels the taunting and spitting Jesus endures.
Alternative generated candidates
- They spat on him, and took the reed and struck him on the head.
- They spat upon him and took the reed and struck him on the head.
Matt.27.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- οτε: CONJ
- ενεπαιξαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- εξεδυσαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- χλαμυδα: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ενεδυσαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- τα: ART,nom,pl,neut
- ιματια: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,3,m
- και: CONJ
- απηγαγον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,nom,sg,n
- σταυρωσαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
Parallels
- Mark 15:20 (verbal): Very close verbal parallel: soldiers/mockers strip the robe, put his clothes on him, and lead him out to be crucified (near-identical sequence).
- Luke 23:11 (verbal): Herod and his soldiers mock Jesus, array him in a robe and send him back to Pilate—parallel motif of mockery, dressing, and humiliation prior to crucifixion.
- John 19:2-5 (verbal): Pilate’s soldiers place a robe/crown of thorns on Jesus, mock him and present him to the crowd; connects the mocking, dressing, and public shaming that precede the handing over to be crucified.
- Psalm 22:18 (allusion): Prophetic imagery of the sufferer’s garments being divided and cast lots echoes the stripping and treatment of Jesus’ clothing at his execution.
- Isaiah 53:3 (thematic): Suffering‑servant theme—despised, rejected, and humiliated—which provides the theological backdrop for Jesus’ mockery, stripping, and procession to crucifixion.
Alternative generated candidates
- After they had mocked him, they stripped off the robe and put his own garments on him, and led him away to crucify him.
- When they had mocked him, they stripped off the robe and put his own garments on him, and led him away to crucify him.
Then the governor's soldiers took Jesus into the governor's headquarters and gathered the whole cohort around him.
They stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him.
They wove a crown of thorns and set it on his head, and they placed a reed in his right hand; then, kneeling before him, they mocked him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!"
They spat upon him and took the reed and struck him on the head.
After they had mocked him, they stripped off the robe, put his own clothes on him, and led him away to crucify him.