The Year of Jubilee
Leviticus 25:8-55
Lev.25.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וספרת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- שבע: NUM,card
- שבתת: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- שבע: NUM,card
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- שבע: NUM,card
- פעמים: NOUN,m,du,abs
- והיו: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,pl
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- שבע: NUM,card
- שבתת: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- השנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- תשע: NUM,card,f,sg
- וארבעים: CONJ+NUM,card,m,pl
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:9-10 (structural): Immediate continuation: verse 9 prescribes sounding the trumpet on the tenth day of the seventh month to proclaim the Jubilee, verse 10 declares the year of Jubilee following the seven times seven count in 25:8.
- Exodus 23:10-11 (verbal): Earliest law prescribing a seven-year agricultural cycle and letting the land rest in the seventh year, parallel in concept and language to the sabbath-year count in Leviticus 25:8.
- Deuteronomy 15:1-2 (thematic): Institutes the release (shemittah) at the end of every seven years for debts/slaves; reflects the same seven-year rhythm underlying Leviticus' sabbatical and Jubilee system.
- 2 Chronicles 36:21 (allusion): Explains Israel's Babylonian exile as lasting until the land 'enjoyed its sabbaths,' explicitly alluding to the sabbatical/Jubilee rhythm described in Leviticus 25.
- Jeremiah 34:13-14 (thematic): Condemns Judah for failing to release slaves as required in the year of release (sabbatical provision); demonstrates prophetic enforcement and social implications of the seven‑year cycle.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall count for yourself seven sabbaths of years—seven years seven times—and the days of the seven sabbaths of years shall be for you forty-nine years.
- And you shall count for yourself seven sabbaths of years, seven years seven times; and the days of the seven sabbaths of years shall be to you forty-nine years.
Lev.25.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והעברת: VERB,hifil,perf,2,m,sg
- שופר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תרועה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בחדש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השבעי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- בעשור: PREP+NUM,ord,m,sg,def
- לחדש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביום: PREP
- הכפרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- תעבירו: VERB,hifil,impf,2,m,pl
- שופר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארצכם: NOUN,f,sg,cons,suff,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:10 (structural): Immediate context: the trumpet sounded on the tenth of the seventh month announces the Jubilee—'proclaim liberty throughout the land'—making 25:9 and 25:10 a single legal/ceremonial instruction.
- Leviticus 23:24 (verbal): Both verses command blowing the shofar in the seventh month; 23:24 prescribes a trumpet blast for the holy convocation (Rosh HaShanah), showing the shofar's cultic role in seventh‑month observances.
- Numbers 10:10 (thematic): Describes using trumpets to signal holy convocations, festivals and beginnings of months; parallels Leviticus 25:9's use of the trumpet as a ritual signal across Israelite cultic life.
- Isaiah 27:13 (allusion): Speaks of a 'great trumpet' blown to gather exiles—an eschatological/Jubilee motif that echoes Leviticus' trumpet as proclamation and restoration.
- Joel 2:1 (thematic): 'Blow a trumpet in Zion' functions as a summons and warning; parallels the shofar's role in Leviticus 25:9 as a public, sacred signal announcing a decisive divine act.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then you shall have the ram’s horn sounded—a loud blast—in the seventh month, on the tenth of the month; on the Day of Atonement you shall have the horn sounded throughout all your land.
- Then you shall have the ram's horn sounded with a loud blast, in the seventh month, on the tenth of the month—on the Day of Atonement you shall have the ram's horn sounded throughout all your land.
Lev.25.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וקדשתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- החמשים: NUM,m,sg,abs
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וקראתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- דרור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- לכל: PREP
- ישביה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
- יובל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- ושבתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3m,sg
- ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- משפחתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3m,sg
- תשבו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:8-13 (structural): Immediate context defining the Jubilee regulations (counting seven sabbath years, hallelujah of the fiftieth year) and setting out the same commands about proclaiming liberty and returning property.
- Deuteronomy 15:1-11 (structural): Law of periodic release (the seven‑year remission of debts and freeing of servants) that parallels the Jubilee’s economic and social reset and the ethos of liberty and redistribution.
- Isaiah 61:1-2 (allusion): Proclaims 'liberty to the captives' and 'the year of the LORD’s favor,' language thematically resonant with the Jubilee’s release and restoration motif.
- Luke 4:18-19 (quotation): Jesus reads and applies Isaiah 61 (proclaiming liberty to the oppressed), implicitly invoking the Jubilee theme of release and restoration as fulfilled in his ministry.
- Jeremiah 34:8-17 (thematic): Narrative about the release of Hebrew servants and the prophet’s rebuke when freed servants were re‑enslaved—engages the Jubilee principle of permanent liberty and covenant obligation.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty in the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee for you; and you shall return, each one to his holding, and each one to his family you shall return.
- And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty in the land to all its inhabitants; it shall be a Jubilee for you, and you shall return, each man, to his holding, and each man to his family you shall return.
Lev.25.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יובל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- החמשים: NUM,ord,m,sg,def
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- תזרעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- תקצרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- ספיחיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
- ולא: CONJ
- תבצרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- נזריה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Lev.25.2-7 (structural): Immediate context: the Sabbath-year laws for the land (six years sowing, seventh year rest) of which the Jubilee (50th year) is the climax and extension.
- Exod.23.10-11 (verbal): Commands to let the field lie fallow in the seventh year and not to reap after harvest echo Lev.25:11's prohibition on sowing and reaping during the special rest period.
- Deut.15.1-2 (thematic): Institutes a regular cycle of release (every seven years) for debts and servants—the economic-rest theme that undergirds the Jubilee principle.
- Isa.61.1-2 (allusion): Pronounces liberty, release and the 'year of the LORD’s favor,' language that evokes Jubilee liberation and restoration traditions rooted in Lev.25.
- Luke 4.18-19 (quotation): Jesus reads Isaiah 61 in the synagogue and applies 'the year of the Lord's favor' to his mission, effectively invoking the Jubilee theme of release and restoration found in Lev.25:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- A jubilee it is—this fiftieth year shall be for you; you shall not sow, nor reap what grows of itself, nor gather the grapes of its unpruned vines.
- A Jubilee it is—the fiftieth year shall be for you; you shall not sow, and you shall not reap its aftergrowth, and you shall not gather the grapes of its unpruned vines.
Lev.25.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- יובל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- מן: PREP
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- תאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,2,mp
- את: PRT,acc
- תבואתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:3fs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:10 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the Jubilee section — v.10 proclaims the year of Jubilee and liberty in the land, framing v.12’s declaration that the year is holy and its produce is for the people.
- Deuteronomy 15:1-6 (thematic): Institutes a periodic release (every seven years) of debts and slaves; shares the social-justice and economic-reset logic that underlies the Jubilee regulations.
- Isaiah 61:1-2 (allusion): Speaks of proclaiming 'the year of the Lord’s favor' and liberty for captives — prophetic language derived from Jubilee imagery of release and restoration.
- Luke 4:18-19 (quotation): Jesus reads Isaiah 61 (quoting its 'acceptable year of the Lord') and applies it to himself, explicitly linking his mission to Jubilee themes of liberation and restoration.
- Jeremiah 34:8-22 (thematic): Narrates the failure to honor the year-of-release/sabbatical obligations and the resulting divine judgment, reflecting the covenantal and social consequences tied to Jubilee laws.
Alternative generated candidates
- For it is a jubilee; it shall be holy to you. From the field you shall eat its produce.
- For it is a Jubilee; it shall be holy to you; from the field you shall eat its produce.
Lev.25.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- היובל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- תשבו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:10 (verbal): Proclaims the Year of Jubilee—‘proclaim liberty’—explicitly announcing the release and return that Leviticus 25:13 prescribes.
- Leviticus 25:28 (structural): Provides the legal mechanism for redemption of sold property and states that land returns in the Jubilee, directly explaining the effect named in 25:13.
- Leviticus 27:24-25 (verbal): Speaks of fields that are sold remaining with the purchaser until the Year of Jubilee, when they revert—language and outcome parallel 25:13.
- Deuteronomy 15:1-2 (thematic): Institutes the sabbatical release of debts every seven years (shemitah), the institutional background and theological context for the Jubilee’s restorative release.
- Isaiah 61:1-2 (allusion): Announces ‘the year of the LORD’s favor’ and liberty for the oppressed—a prophetic appropriation of Jubilee motifs later echoed in the New Testament.
Alternative generated candidates
- In this year of jubilee you shall return, each one to his holding.
- In this year of the Jubilee you shall return, each man, to his holding.
Lev.25.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכי: CONJ
- תמכרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,pl
- ממכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעמיתך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- או: CONJ
- קנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מיד: PREP
- עמיתך: NOUN,m,sg,suf
- אל: NEG
- תונו: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:17 (verbal): Repeats the injunction against wronging one another within the same chapter, reinforcing the same moral concern for neighborly dealings.
- Leviticus 19:13 (thematic): Commands not to oppress or defraud a neighbor (including withholding wages), sharing the ethical prohibition against unjust commercial practices.
- Leviticus 19:35-36 (thematic): Mandates honest measures and judgments in commerce, thematically connected to the injunction not to wrong one another in buying and selling.
- Deuteronomy 25:13-15 (thematic): Prohibits dishonest weights and measures—another legal expression of fair dealing in trade that parallels the Leviticus command.
- Proverbs 11:1 (thematic): Condemns false balances and celebrates just weights, providing a wisdom-tradition parallel that upholds honesty in economic exchange.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when you sell a sale to your fellow, or buy from your fellow’s hand, you shall not wrong one another.
- And if you sell something to your fellow, or buy from the hand of your fellow, you shall not wrong one another.
Lev.25.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- במספר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אחר: PREP
- היובל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- תקנה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- מאת: PREP
- עמיתך: NOUN,m,sg,suf
- במספר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- תבואת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- ימכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:16-25 (verbal): Uses the same valuation principle tied to years and the coming Jubilee; laws for valuing houses and land explicitly reference years remaining until release.
- Leviticus 25:23-28 (structural): Closely related Jubilee regulations on redemption and sale of ancestral land—develops the pricing rule in 25:15 into rules for redeeming property and restoring it at Jubilee.
- Deuteronomy 15:1-11 (thematic): Institutes periodic release (the sabbatical remission of debts) and social provisions for the poor; shares Jubilee's social-justice rationale and concern for debt relief.
- Nehemiah 5:1-13 (thematic): Narrates economic oppression through loans, land and servitude and calls for restoration and return of property—practical reform echoing Jubilee ideals about land, debt and redemption.
- Jeremiah 34:8-22 (allusion): Prophetic denunciation of Israel's failure to honor an oath to free slaves and release debts—invokes the language and intent of Jubilee/sabbatical release as a covenant obligation.
Alternative generated candidates
- By the number of years after the jubilee you shall buy from your fellow; by the number of yields he shall sell to you.
- By the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your fellow; by the number of harvest years he shall sell to you.
Lev.25.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לפי: PREP
- רב: ADJ,m,sg
- השנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- תרבה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- מקנתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ולפי: CONJ+PREP
- מעט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- תמעיט: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- מקנתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- כי: CONJ
- מספר: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
- תבואת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- מכר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:15 (verbal): Immediately adjacent provision giving the pricing rule: calculate the sale price ‘‘according to the number of years’’ until the Jubilee — the direct verbal/legislative parallel to v.16.
- Leviticus 25:25 (structural): Introduces the right of a kinsman to redeem land sold by a poor brother; provides the social-legal context for the valuation principle in v.16.
- Leviticus 25:23 (thematic): Declares the land as God’s possession and not to be sold permanently; supplies the theological rationale for limited sales and valuation tied to the Jubilee cycle.
- Jeremiah 32:6-15 (allusion): Jeremiah’s purchase of Hanamel’s field (with sealed deeds and money) is a prophetic enactment that echoes the legal practice of buying/redeeming land and preserving inheritance rights described in Lev.25.
- Ruth 4:7-10 (thematic): Boaz’s kinsman-redeemer transaction (witnessed transfer and payment to secure a relative’s field/wife) parallels the present-day procedures and social purpose of redeeming land in Leviticus 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- According to the greater number of years you shall increase the price, and according to the fewer years you shall diminish the price; for it is the number of yields that he is selling you.
- According to the multitude of years you shall increase the price, and according to the fewness of years you shall reduce the price, for it is a number of harvests that he is selling you.
Lev.25.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולא: CONJ
- תונו: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- עמיתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ויראת: VERB,qal,impf,2,ms
- מאלהיך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff,2ms
- כי: CONJ
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Lev.19:13 (verbal): A nearby legal injunction forbidding mistreatment of a neighbor (not to defraud or oppress), using similar language and social-ethical concern as Lev 25:17.
- Lev.19:18 (thematic): The positive ethic 'love your neighbor as yourself' supplies the moral principle underlying prohibitions against wronging one's neighbor.
- Deut.24:14-15 (verbal): Prohibits oppressing hired workers and taking advantage of the vulnerable—an application of the same covenantal ban on wronging one’s neighbor found in Lev 25:17.
- Isaiah 58:6-7 (thematic): Connects true worship/fear of God with concrete justice for the oppressed (feeding the poor, releasing the wronged), echoing Lev 25:17’s linking of fearing God and treating neighbors rightly.
- Matt.22:39 (cf. Luke 10:27) (allusion): Jesus’ citation of 'love your neighbor as yourself' in the New Testament reframes the Torah’s neighbor-command as central to covenantal faith—resonant with Lev 25:17’s injunction not to wrong one’s neighbor and to fear God.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall not wrong one another, but you shall fear your God; for I am the LORD your God.
- And you shall not wrong one another, and you shall fear your God; for I am the LORD your God.
Lev.25.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועשיתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- חקתי: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- משפטי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תשמרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ועשיתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- וישבתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- על: PREP
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- לבטח: ADV
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:19 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the Jubilee chapter that repeats the injunction to keep God’s statutes and ordinances and repeats the promised result: you shall dwell securely in the land.
- Leviticus 26:3-5 (thematic): A covenantal promise: if Israel follows God’s statutes and observes his commandments, God will give peace, fruitfulness, and secure habitation in the land—same conditional pattern and outcome.
- Deuteronomy 11:8-12 (thematic): Commands Israel to obey God’s statutes and keep his commandments so they may possess and dwell securely in the land; connects obedience to settlement and security like Lev 25:18.
- Psalm 37:3-9 (thematic): Exhorts trust in the LORD and doing good, with the result that the faithful ‘dwell in the land and delight in secure pasture’—echoes the promise of secure dwelling.
- Ezekiel 20:11-12 (allusion): God recounts giving Israel statutes and ordinances (‘I gave them my statutes and made known my judgments’) and sets those laws as the basis for relationship and land-life—language and expectation parallel Leviticus’ call to keep statutes.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall do my statutes, and my judgments you shall keep and do, and you shall dwell on the land in security.
- And you shall do my statutes, and my judgments you shall keep and do, and you shall dwell upon the land securely.
Lev.25.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונתנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- פריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss,3,f
- ואכלתם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לשבע: PREP+NUM,card,pl
- וישבתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לבטח: ADV
- עליה: PREP,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Lev.26:5-6 (verbal): Both promises link abundant agricultural yield with full provision and secure habitation: 'ye shall eat your bread to the full, and dwell in your land safely' echoes Lev 25:19's 'the land shall yield its fruit... and you shall dwell securely.'
- Deut.11:14-15 (verbal): God promises seasonal rain and that the land will 'yield its increase,' so that the people eat and are satisfied—paralleling Lev 25:19's assurance that the land will bear fruit and they will eat their fill.
- Ps.4:8 (verbal): Uses the same motif of personal security in God's care: 'I will both lie down and sleep; for you alone, O LORD, make me dwell in safety,' paralleling Lev 25:19's assurance of dwelling securely on the land.
- Isa.32:18 (thematic): Speaks of peaceful habitation and secure dwellings—'My people will abide in a peaceful habitation, in secure dwellings'—reflecting Leviticus' theme of safety and stability tied to God's blessing on the land.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the land shall give its fruit, and you shall eat to satisfaction, and you shall dwell upon it in security.
- And the land shall give its fruit, and you shall eat to satisfaction, and you shall dwell securely upon it.
Lev.25.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכי: CONJ
- תאמרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- מה: PRON,int
- נאכל: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,pl
- בשנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- השביעת: ADJ,f,sg,def
- הן: PART
- לא: PART_NEG
- נזרע: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- נאסף: VERB,niphal,perf,1,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- תבואתנו: NOUN,f,sg,poss,1,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:21 (verbal): Immediate continuation and answer to 25:20: God promises to command a blessing in the sixth year so that the land will yield enough for the seventh year — direct resolution of the expressed anxiety.
- Exodus 23:10–11 (verbal): Prescribes the land's seventh-year rest (sabbatical year) and provides for gleaning by the poor and animals, addressing the same practical concern about food when the land is not sown.
- Deuteronomy 15:4–11 (thematic): Assures Israel that God will bless them so there will be no poor in the land and instructs generosity in years of plenty — echoes the theme of trusting divine provision when normal economic practices (debt release/sabbatical rhythms) limit production.
- Leviticus 26:3–5 (thematic): Part of the covenantal promise that obedience brings agricultural blessing (rain, harvests, abundance); provides the theological rationale that God will sustain Israel even when ordinary sowing/harvest patterns change.
- Matthew 6:25–34 (thematic): Jesus' teaching not to worry about food because the Father provides mirrors the theological theme of trust in God’s provision when human means (sowing/gathering) are uncertain or suspended.
Alternative generated candidates
- And should you say, What shall we eat in the seventh year—behold, we do not sow and we do not gather our produce—
- And if you say, What shall we eat in the seventh year?—behold, we shall not sow and we shall not gather our yield—
Lev.25.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וצויתי: VERB,hiph,perf,1,?,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ברכתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- בשנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הששית: ADJ,ord,f,sg,def
- ועשת: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- התבואה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- לשלש: PREP+NUM,card,f,pl
- השנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:20 (verbal): Immediate context — the human worry about food in the sabbath year that this verse answers; sets up the promise of sixth‑year provision.
- Leviticus 25:22 (verbal): Direct continuation — reiterates God's presence and that the commanded blessing in the sixth year will secure produce for subsequent years.
- Exodus 23:10-11 (thematic): Governs the land‑sabbatical: sowing for six years and provision during the seventh; both texts link the sixth‑year harvest and God's provision while the land rests.
- Leviticus 26:5 (thematic): Part of the blessing oracle promising sustained agricultural abundance (threshing to vintage), echoing the promise that God will command his blessing on the land.
- Deuteronomy 11:10-12 (thematic): Describes the Promised Land as cared for by the LORD so it yields crops and receives timely rain — a parallel theme of divine care ensuring sufficient produce for the people.
Alternative generated candidates
- then I will command my blessing for you in the sixth year, and it shall make the produce for three years.
- then I will command my blessing for you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth the produce for three years.
Lev.25.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וזרעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- השנה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- השמינת: ADJ,f,sg,def
- ואכלתם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- מן: PREP
- התבואה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ישן: ADJ,f,sg,def
- עד: PREP
- השנה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- התשיעת: ADJ,f,sg,def
- עד: PREP
- בוא: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- תבואתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:3fs
- תאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,2,mp
- ישן: ADJ,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:21 (structural): Immediate context/continuation—God promises to command a blessing so the sixth year’s bounty will sustain people through the sabbath year and until the new produce comes (explains why they may eat the old until the ninth year).
- Exodus 23:10-11 (thematic): Instruction for the land to rest every seventh year and provision being arranged so that people and animals are fed during the sabbath year—same sabbatical-landry cycle behind Lev 25:22.
- Leviticus 26:4-5 (thematic): Promise of agricultural blessing whereby harvest and vintage overlap so that the land yields continuously—parallels Lev 25:22’s assurance of provision across crop-years when sabbath rules apply.
- 2 Chronicles 36:20-21 (allusion): Explains that the land kept its sabbath years during the Babylonian exile (fulfilling the command to let the land rest), linking the sabbatical rhythm of Lev 25 (and its provisions) to later theological interpretation and historical consequence.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall sow in the eighth year, and you shall eat from the old produce until the ninth year; until its produce comes in, you shall eat the old.
- And you shall sow in the eighth year, and you shall eat from the old produce until the ninth year; until its produce comes in you shall eat the old.
Lev.25.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והארץ: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תמכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- לצמתת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- גרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ותושבים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- עמדי: PREP+1cs
Parallels
- Psalm 24:1 (thematic): Affirms divine ownership of the earth ('The earth is the LORD's and the fulness thereof'), paralleling Leviticus' claim that the land belongs to God.
- Deuteronomy 10:14 (thematic): Declares that heaven and earth belong to the LORD, supporting the legal/theological premise that the land is God's and not permanently alienable.
- Psalm 39:12 (verbal): Uses the language of being a 'stranger' and 'sojourner' before God ('I am a stranger with thee, and a sojourner'), directly echoing Leviticus' description of Israel's status.
- 1 Chronicles 29:15 (allusion): David's prayer calls humans 'strangers and sojourners' before God, reflecting the same theological perspective on human transience and divine ownership of the land.
- Exodus 19:5 (thematic): God claims Israel as his special possession ('you shall be my treasured possession'), a related motif of God's ownership and the covenantal relationship linking people and land.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with me.
- And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; for you are strangers and sojourners with me.
Lev.25.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובכל: CONJ+PREP
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אחזתכם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- גאלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תתנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- לארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:23 (verbal): Explicit claim that the land belongs to Yahweh and may not be permanently alienated—background rationale for the requirement to provide redemption for land.
- Leviticus 25:13 (structural): The Jubilee year provision that every one shall return to his possession—connects the redemption requirement to the broader Jubilee structure of land restoration.
- Leviticus 25:25 (verbal): Directly prescribes the nearest redeemer to buy back sold property of a poor Israelite—an immediate procedural parallel to granting redemption for land.
- Leviticus 27:16–25 (allusion): Laws governing valuation and redemption of consecrated houses and fields echo the options and procedures for redeeming land laid out in Leviticus 25.
- Jeremiah 32:6–15 (thematic): Jeremiah’s purchase of a field as a prophetic sign of future restoration echoes the legal and theological idea that land can be redeemed and ultimately belongs to the covenant community under God’s purposes.
Alternative generated candidates
- And in all the land of your holding you shall provide for the redemption of the land.
- And in all the land of your holdings you shall grant a right of redemption for the land.
Lev.25.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- ימוך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- ומכר: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מאחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss3ms
- ובא: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
- גאלו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss3ms
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- וגאל: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ממכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:23 (thematic): Foundational principle that the land belongs to Yahweh and therefore may not be alienated permanently; provides the theological basis for redeeming sold land (the need for a goel).
- Leviticus 25:26 (verbal): Immediate legal continuation of v.25 using similar language of a kinsman redeeming what was sold and outlining the right and obligation to restore the property.
- Leviticus 25:47-49 (structural): Parallel redemption statute applied to a sojourner or an Israelite who sells himself; shares the same legal framework of redemption and the year-of-jubilee remedy.
- Ruth 4:4-10 (thematic): Narrative enactment of the kinsman-redeemer principle—Boaz formally redeems Naomi’s field and takes Ruth, illustrating the operation of the law of redemption in Israelite social practice.
Alternative generated candidates
- If your brother becomes poor and sells some of his holding, then his redeemer, the nearest to him, shall come and redeem what his brother sold.
- If your brother becomes poor and sells part of his holding, his redeemer, the nearest to him, shall come and redeem what his brother sold.
Lev.25.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- גאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- והשיגה: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ומצא: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- כדי: PART
- גאלתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:25 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same law section: prescribes that if a brother becomes poor his kinsman may sell property and a redeemer (gaal) may buy it to restore it to the original family — sets up the redemption language used in v.26.
- Leviticus 25:28 (structural): Follows the same legal scheme about redemption and inability to redeem: explains what happens when the original owner cannot regain the land and how the buyer holds it until the Jubilee, directly related to the condition in v.26.
- Ruth 4:4-10 (allusion): Narrative example of the goel institution: Boaz functions as kinsman‑redeemer, legally redeeming land and taking responsibility for Naomi and Ruth, illustrating the legal and social role presupposed in Lev 25:26.
- Job 19:25 (thematic): Uses the same root idea of a 'redeemer' (gaal) in a personal/eschatological sense — shifts the legal term of Lev 25 into a theological affirmation of a living redeemer who vindicates the individual.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if a man has no redeemer, but his hand prospers and he finds enough for his redemption,
- But if a man has no redeemer, and his hand prospers and he finds sufficient for its redemption,
Lev.25.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וחשב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- ממכרו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- והשיב: VERB,hip,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- העדף: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לאיש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- מכר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- לאחזתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:24 (structural): Establishes the basic rule that land sales are subject to redemption—provides the legal framework for redeeming sold land referenced in v.27.
- Leviticus 25:26 (verbal): Gives the closely related calculation rule: the buyer and redeemer ‘shall reckon... until the year of jubilee’ and the overplus is returned—essentially the same legal formula as v.27.
- Leviticus 25:15 (verbal): Requires that prices for purchases be calculated ‘according to the number of years after the Jubilee,’ the same pricing principle applied to fields in v.27.
- Leviticus 25:29–30 (structural): Provides a parallel redemption regulation for houses in walled cities (one‑year limit for redemption) illustrating a related but distinct temporal limit on reclaiming property.
- Deuteronomy 15:2–3 (thematic): Mandates the regular release of debts in the sabbatical year—thematic kin to Jubilee/land‑restoration laws emphasizing periodic economic reset and relief for the poor.
Alternative generated candidates
- then he shall reckon the years of his sale and restore the balance to the man to whom he sold it, and he shall return to his holding.
- then he shall reckon the years since its sale and return the balance to the man to whom he sold it, and he shall return to his holding.
Lev.25.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- מצאה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השיב: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ממכרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הקנה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- עד: PREP
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- היובל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- ביבל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- לאחזתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:25 (verbal): Same legal setting—sale of an Israelite's land to a neighbor because of poverty; introduces the possibility of redemption that the sequel (v.28) governs.
- Leviticus 25:27 (verbal): Closely related provision: if the seller later gains means he may redeem his property—directly parallels v.28's concern with restoration and redemption procedures.
- Leviticus 25:13 (verbal): Defines the operative effect of the Jubilee: in the year of release every one shall return to his possession—this is the ultimate legal remedy invoked in v.28.
- Leviticus 25:47-49 (thematic): Regulates purchase and redemption of a sojourner or his family by a kinsman and specifies holding until Jubilee—parallels the structure of sale, holding by buyer, and ultimate release in v.28.
- Isaiah 61:1-2 (allusion): Uses language of liberty, release and 'the year of the LORD’s favor' that echoes Jubilee theology; later cited in Luke 4 as a proclamation of liberation tied to Jubilee concepts referenced in Lev.25:28.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if his hand does not find enough to restore to him, then what he sold shall remain in the hand of the buyer until the year of jubilee; and it shall go out in the jubilee, and he shall return to his holding.
- But if his hand does not find enough to restore it, then what he sold shall remain in the hand of its purchaser until the year of the Jubilee; and it shall go out in the Jubilee, and he shall return to his holding.
Lev.25.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- ימכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מושב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עיר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- חומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והיתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- גאלתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- עד: PREP
- תם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- ממכרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- גאלתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:30-31 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same law — repeats and clarifies the one-year right of redemption for a house in a walled city and contrasts it with houses in unwalled villages.
- Leviticus 25:23-28 (thematic): Frames the wider jubilee/land‑redemption legislation: land and property ultimately belong to Yahweh and must be redeemable, providing the background for the city‑house rule in v.29.
- Leviticus 27:16-25 (verbal): Contains parallel legal wording about valuation and redemption of houses in walled cities versus villages, reiterating the special treatment of city houses in jubilee/valuation rules.
- Jeremiah 32:7-15 (thematic): Narrative example of legal purchase/redemption language — Jeremiah buys a field and executes a deed as a prophetic sign of future restoration, echoing the legal and theological logic of redeemable property.
- Ruth 4:4-11 (thematic): Legal transaction of the kinsman‑redeemer (goel) who redeems land and marries the widow; parallels the social/legal institution of redemption and the role of a redeemer in Israelite property law.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, its redemption shall be until the completion of a year from its sale; for a year it shall have its redemption.
- And if a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, then his right of redemption shall be until the completion of the year of its sale; for a year his right of redemption shall be.
Lev.25.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עד: PREP
- מלאת: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תמימה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- וקם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הבית: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בעיר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- חמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לצמיתת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לקנה: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- לדרתיו: PREP+NOUN,pl,cons,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- יצא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ביבל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:23-28 (thematic): Sets out the general rules for land sales, redemption by a kinsman and the return of property at the Jubilee — the legal background against which the special rule for houses in walled cities (v.30) is given.
- Leviticus 25:29-31 (verbal): Immediate context: treats the pricing, redemption and ultimate status of houses in walled cities versus villages; v.30 is part of this unit and echoes its vocabulary and legal distinctions.
- Deuteronomy 15:1-2 (thematic): Law of the year of release (Sabbatical/sabbatical remission of debts) — thematically related to the Jubilee regulations as periodic socio‑economic resets and relief for debtors.
- Isaiah 61:1-2 (allusion): Uses Jubilee imagery (“the year of the LORD’s favor”) and themes of liberty and restoration; later applied messianically (Luke 4) to the Jubilee social-justice ethos reflected in Leviticus 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if it is not redeemed until a full year is completed for it, then the house that is in the walled city shall stand permanently for the one who bought it, for his generations; it shall not go out in the jubilee.
- And if it is not redeemed until a full year is complete for him, then the house that is in the walled city shall stand permanently for the one who bought it, for his generations; it shall not go out in the Jubilee.
Lev.25.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובתי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- החצרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אין: PART,neg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- חמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- סביב: ADV
- על: PREP
- שדה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- יחשב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- גאלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- וביבל: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יצא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.25.30 (verbal): Immediate parallel/contrast — distinguishes houses in walled cities (which may become permanent to the buyer) from the unwalled village houses treated in 25:31.
- Lev.25.23 (thematic): Gives the theological basis for the redemption rules in ch.25: the land belongs to Yahweh, so sale and redemption of property are regulated.
- Lev.27:15-16 (structural): Regulates valuation and redemption of houses/devoted property under vows; parallels the legal framework for when and how houses may be redeemed.
- Num.35:2-3 (thematic): Commands allocation of cities and their suburbs to the Levites — explains the special status of 'houses of the cities of the Levites' mentioned in Leviticus 25:31.
Alternative generated candidates
- But the houses of the settlements that have no wall around them shall be reckoned as the open country of the land; they shall have redemption, and in the jubilee they shall go out.
- But houses of the villages that have no wall around them shall be reckoned as the fields of the land; there shall be redemption for it, and in the Jubilee it shall go out.
Lev.25.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וערי: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,const
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- בתי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- אחזתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- גאלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- ללוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Numbers 35:2-3 (structural): Commands that cities with their suburbs be given to the Levites; parallels Lev 25:32's provision that the Levites' cities and houses are their possession.
- Joshua 21:2-3 (verbal): Records the allotment of specific cities to the Levites from the tribal inheritances, enacting the law that their cities and houses are permanent possessions.
- Deuteronomy 10:9 (thematic): States that the Levites have no portion or inheritance among their brethren and that God is their inheritance—complements Lev 25:32 by explaining why distinct Levitical cities/houses are provided.
- 1 Chronicles 6:54-81 (structural): Gives a detailed list of the Levitical cities and their towns in the settled land, reflecting the concrete fulfillment of the Levitical-city provision in Leviticus 25.
- Leviticus 25:34 (verbal): Closely related verse in the same chapter affirming that the possession of the Levites—the houses in their cities—shall be theirs as an inheritance among Israel (reiterates the perpetual character of the Levitical holdings).
Alternative generated candidates
- And as for the cities of the Levites—the houses in the cities of their holding—an everlasting redemption shall be for the Levites.
- And as for the cities of the Levites, the houses in the cities of their holding—the Levites shall have a perpetual right of redemption.
Lev.25.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- מן: PREP
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- ממכר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועיר: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON:3,m,sg
- ביבל: NOUN,prop,f,sg
- כי: CONJ
- בתי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- אחזתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- בתוך: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 35:1-8 (structural): Commands the designation and provision of cities for the Levites (including pasture-land), paralleling Leviticus’ rule that the Levites have cities and their houses as possessions among Israel.
- Joshua 21:2-3,41-42 (thematic): Records the actual allotment of Levitical cities among the tribes of Israel, fulfilling the Levitical provision that houses in those cities are the Levites’ possession.
- Leviticus 25:29-34 (quotation): Immediate legislative context: rules about redemption of houses and the special status of Levitical houses within Levitical cities (verses 32–33 mirror verse 33 directly).
- 1 Chronicles 6:54-81 (structural): Lists the cities given to the Levites and their dwelling places, illustrating the ongoing reality of Levitical cities and their possessions described in Leviticus 25:33.
Alternative generated candidates
- And as for the Levites, if one of them redeems, then the sale of a house in the city of his holding shall go out in the jubilee; for the houses in the cities of the Levites are their holding in the midst of the Israelites.
- And whatever is redeemed from the Levites—the sale of a house and of the city of his holding—shall go out in the Jubilee; for the houses of the cities of the Levites are their holding among the Israelites.
Lev.25.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושדה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מגרש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עריהם: NOUN,f,pl,cons+PRON,3,m,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- ימכר: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אחזת: NOUN,f,sg,construct
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Lev.25.23 (verbal): States the same principle that land is ultimately Yahweh's and therefore not to be sold in perpetuity — grounds the Levites' perpetual possession in the broader Jubilee principle.
- Numbers 18:20-24 (thematic): Explains that the Levites receive no territorial inheritance like other tribes; their 'inheritance' is divine service and the tithes, which parallels the special, non‑alienable status of their cities/fields.
- Joshua 13:14 (thematic): Affirms that the tribe of Levi received no tribal allotment, for 'the LORD God of Israel is their inheritance,' echoing Lev.25:34's idea of a distinct, perpetual possession rather than normal saleable land.
- Joshua 21:2-4 (structural): Describes how Israel gave cities and their suburbs to the Levites out of the tribal inheritances — a concrete fulfillment of the Levitical-city arrangements and their protected, perpetual status.
- 1 Chronicles 6:54 (structural): Lists the cities and allocations to the Levites (parallel to Joshua 21), providing a later genealogical/historical witness to the permanent, non‑alienable character of Levitical holdings.
Alternative generated candidates
- But the open land around their cities shall not be sold, for it is an everlasting holding for them.
- But the field of the pasture-land of their cities shall not be sold, for it is an everlasting holding for them.
Lev.25.35 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכי: CONJ
- ימוך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- ומטה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- והחזקת: VERB,hifil,perf,2,m,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- גר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותושב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחי: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 15:7-8 (verbal): Both passages command care for a poor brother/neighbor and urge open-handed support rather than indifference; wording and ethical intent closely parallel Leviticus 25:35.
- Deuteronomy 24:19-21 (thematic): Both legislate provisions so that the needy and the stranger may glean from harvests — a social-justice measure protecting the poor and resident aliens.
- Exodus 23:11 (thematic): Commands leaving produce of the land for the poor and the sojourner during the sabbath year; shares the same concern for sustaining the needy within the community.
- Leviticus 25:39-40 (structural): Immediate chapter parallel: continues the Jubilee legislation about a poor Israelite’s status, prohibiting harsh treatment and prescribing support and humane terms for a needy brother.
- Isaiah 58:6-7 (thematic): Prophetic critique that true religion includes feeding the hungry, sheltering the homeless and aiding the afflicted — a moral echo of the obligation to support the poor and stranger in Leviticus 25:35.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if your brother becomes poor and his hand falters with you, you shall support him—whether a resident or a sojourner—that he may live with you.
- And if your brother becomes poor and his hand falters with you, then you shall support him; as a resident and a sojourner he shall live with you.
Lev.25.36 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- תקח: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- מאתו: PREP
- נשך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותרבית: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויראת: VERB,qal,impf,2,ms
- מאלהיך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff,2ms
- וחי: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:37 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter: restates and expands the prohibition — do not lend at interest or charge increase (same legal prohibition and wording).
- Exodus 22:25 (verbal): Direct legal parallel forbidding charging interest to a poor Israelite lender/borrower: 'If you lend money to My people... you shall not act as a creditor to him, nor charge him interest.'
- Deuteronomy 23:19–20 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition against taking interest from a fellow Israelite while permitting interest from foreigners — similar legal concern about usury within the covenant community.
- Deuteronomy 15:7–11 (thematic): Commands open-handed lending and compassion toward the poor in the community rather than exploiting them for profit; shares the ethical impulse behind the ban on interest so that 'your brother may live with you.'
- Nehemiah 5:10–11 (thematic): Narrative application: Nehemiah rebukes nobles and officials for exacting interest from their Jewish brothers and demands restoration — an example of enforcing the law's prohibition against exploiting fellow Israelites.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall not take from him interest or increase, but you shall fear your God, that your brother may live with you.
- Do not take from him interest or increase, but you shall fear your God, that your brother may live with you.
Lev.25.37 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- כספך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תתן: VERB,qal,imprf,2,_,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- בנשך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובמרבית: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תתן: VERB,qal,imprf,2,_,sg
- אכלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2ms
Parallels
- Exodus 22:25 (verbal): Direct legal parallel forbidding charging interest to poor fellow Israelites—’do not exact interest’ echoes Lev 25:37.
- Deuteronomy 23:19-20 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition on taking interest from a brother (with allowance for foreigners), closely matching Levitical interest-law.
- Psalm 15:5 (verbal): Portrait of the righteous as one who ‘does not put out his money at interest’—uses the same language and ethic as Lev 25:37.
- Nehemiah 5:7-11 (thematic): Narrative application and denunciation of nobles charging interest and taking fields/pledges; Nehemiah enforces cancellation of debts in line with Levitical injunctions.
- Proverbs 28:8 (thematic): Wisdom critique of wealth gained by interest/usury—condemns exploitative interest-taking and praises care for the poor, reflecting Lev 25:37’s ethical concern.
Alternative generated candidates
- Your money you shall not give him at interest, and your food you shall not give for increase.
- Your money you shall not give him at interest, and for increase you shall not give your food.
Lev.25.38 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הוצאתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לתת: VERB,qal,inf
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- להיות: VERB,qal,inf,NA,NA,NA
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- לאלהים: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 11:45 (verbal): Nearly identical covenant formula: 'I am the LORD who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God.' Links deliverance from Egypt with God's claim to be Israel's God (basis for holiness).
- Exodus 6:6-8 (verbal): God's promise to bring Israel out of Egypt, bring them into the land, take them as his people and be their God—same cluster of deliverance, land grant, and divine relationship found in Lev 25:38.
- Deuteronomy 5:6 (verbal): Prefatory formula to the Decalogue: 'I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt'—uses the exodus as the authoritative basis for God's covenant claim, paralleling Lev 25:38's invocation of deliverance.
- Leviticus 20:24 (thematic): God's declaration that he will give Israel the land of the Canaanites and be their God—connects possession of the land with the special relationship between Yahweh and Israel, echoing Lev 25:38's promise.
Alternative generated candidates
- I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, to be your God.
- I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, to be your God.
Lev.25.39 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכי: CONJ
- ימוך: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- ונמכר: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תעבד: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- עבדת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- עבד: NOUN,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:40 (structural): Immediate continuation of v.39 — specifies the Israelite sold because of poverty is to be treated as a hired servant or sojourner and serve only until the Year of Jubilee.
- Leviticus 25:42 (verbal): Repeats the rationale: Israelites are God’s servants whom he brought out of Egypt, therefore they must not be ruled over harshly — echoes the prohibition in v.39.
- Leviticus 25:46 (thematic): Provides a contrast: foreigners may be inherited as permanent slaves, highlighting the distinctive, non-permanent status of an impoverished Israelite in v.39.
- Exodus 21:2 (thematic): Governs Hebrew servitude (six years of service, freedom in the seventh) — another legal limit on the duration and character of Israelite servitude related to v.39.
- Deuteronomy 15:12 (thematic): Commands that a Hebrew who becomes a servant is to be released in the seventh year and treated generously — parallels the protective attitude toward Israelite servants expressed in v.39.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if your brother with you becomes poor and is sold to you, you shall not make him serve the service of a slave.
- And if your brother becomes poor with you and is sold to you, you shall not make him serve the service of a slave.
Lev.25.40 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כשכיר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כתושב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- עד: PREP
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- היבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יעבד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:39 (verbal): Immediate context: law about a poor brother who sells himself; the phrase and legal arrangement of being as a 'hired' or 'resident' servant parallels 25:40 directly.
- Leviticus 25:42 (thematic): Provides the rationale for limited servitude — Israelites are God’s servants and must not be permanently sold — theological complement to the temporary‑service rule in 25:40.
- Leviticus 25:10 (thematic): Jubilee proclamation ('proclaim liberty throughout the land') is the institutional backdrop: 25:40’s limitation of service 'until the year of release' points to the Jubilee described here.
- Exodus 21:2 (structural): Parallel legislation on Hebrew servitude: a Hebrew slave serves a limited term (six years) and is then released, echoing the temporary character of service in Lev 25:40.
- Deuteronomy 15:12–15 (thematic): Deuteronomic rule on releasing a Hebrew servant in the seventh year and treating him generously parallels the social‑ethical intent and timing (limited service/release) reflected in Lev 25:40.
Alternative generated candidates
- As a hired worker and as a resident he shall be with you; until the year of jubilee he shall serve with you.
- As a hired worker and as a sojourner he shall be with you; he shall serve with you until the year of the Jubilee.
Lev.25.41 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- מעמך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ובניו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- משפחתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3ms
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- אחזת: NOUN,f,sg,construct
- אבתיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
- ישוב: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:39-40 (structural): Immediate context — the surrounding verses state the law that a poor brother who sells himself shall serve until the year of Jubilee, when he and his children go out and return to their family and ancestral possession (same provision, same wording).
- Exodus 21:2 (thematic): Gives the related rule for a Hebrew slave's release after a period of service (six years, release in the seventh), paralleling the principle of eventual freedom and return to his household found in Leviticus 25:41.
- Deuteronomy 15:12-15 (thematic): Repeats the covenant law about releasing Israelite servants in the seventh year and sending them away liberally to their families — echoes the social-ethical aim of restoring the servant to his household and property.
- Jeremiah 34:8-22 (allusion): Narrates a covenant made (and broken) about freeing Hebrew slaves and letting them go — Jeremiah uses the language and concept of release and return to family/possessions as a moral and covenantal issue, alluding to Jubilee-related obligations.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then he shall go out from you—he and his children with him—and he shall return to his family, and to his fathers’ holding he shall return.
- Then he shall go out from you, he and his children with him, and he shall return to his family, and to the holding of his fathers he shall return.
Lev.25.42 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הוצאתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- ימכרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ממכרת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עבד: NOUN,m,sg,cons
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:55 (quotation): Nearly identical wording and immediate legal rationale: the Israelites are God’s servants brought out of Egypt, and therefore are not to be sold as permanent slaves.
- Deuteronomy 24:7 (verbal): Explicit prohibition against kidnapping and selling a fellow Israelite, echoing the restraint against treating Israelites as merchandise.
- Deuteronomy 15:15 (thematic): Uses the memory of Israel’s servitude in Egypt and God’s redemption as the ethical basis for humane treatment and release of Hebrew servants.
- Jeremiah 34:8-11 (allusion): Prophetic rebuke for re-enslaving fellow Israelites after a promise of release—applies the law’s prohibition and the Exodus rationale found in Lev 25:42 to a historical covenant violation.
Alternative generated candidates
- For they are my servants, whom I brought out from the land of Egypt; they shall not be sold as the sale of a slave.
- For they are my servants, whom I brought out from the land of Egypt; they shall not be sold as slaves are sold.
Lev.25.43 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- תרדה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- בפרך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויראת: VERB,qal,impf,2,ms
- מאלהיך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff,2ms
Parallels
- Leviticus 19:13 (verbal): Forbids oppressing or wronging a neighbor or a hired worker ("לא תונו את עמיתך..."), closely echoing the injunction not to rule over a fellow Israelite ruthlessly.
- Deuteronomy 24:14-15 (verbal): Prohibits withholding wages and oppressing the hired poor ("לא תלחץ שכיר עני..."), a direct restatement of the law against harsh treatment of vulnerable workers.
- Deuteronomy 15:12-15 (thematic): Laws on the release of Hebrew servants and the command to treat them well at their release (remembering Israel's own servitude in Egypt), reinforcing the command not to domineer over fellow Israelites.
- Exodus 21:2-6 (structural): Regulates the institution of Hebrew servitude (terms of service and release), providing the legal framework behind Leviticus 25’s prohibition on ruling over a brother ruthlessly.
- Jeremiah 34:8-22 (allusion): Prophetic narrative criticizing Judah for re-enslaving freed Hebrew servants and breaking the covenant; invokes the same concern for humane treatment and condemns cruel domination.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall not rule over him with harshness, but you shall fear your God.
- You shall not rule over him with ruthlessness, but you shall fear your God.
Lev.25.44 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועבדך: NOUN,m,sg,suff
- ואמתך: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- מאת: PREP
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- סביבתיכם: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- תקנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,pl
- עבד: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ואמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Lev.25.45-46 (verbal): Immediate continuation of the verse; repeats and develops the same rule that foreigners around you may be bought as male and female slaves and may be inherited as property.
- Deut.15.12-18 (thematic): Regulates the release and treatment of Hebrew servants in the seventh year, providing a direct contrast to Lev 25:44 which permits permanent possession of non‑Israelite slaves.
- Exod.21.2-6 (thematic): Gives laws for Hebrew servitude and terms of service, paralleling Leviticus' concern with slave regulations though distinguishing between Israelites and foreigners.
- Deut.23.15-16 (thematic): Prohibits returning a runaway slave who seeks refuge among Israel, offering a protective counterpoint to laws permitting purchase and ownership of foreigners.
- Num.31.50-54 (thematic): Addresses the distribution and status of captives taken in war (non‑Israelite persons allocated to Israel), paralleling the acquisition of slaves from surrounding nations described in Lev 25:44.
Alternative generated candidates
- And your male slave and your female slave who are yours—from the nations that are around you, from them you may buy male and female slave.
- And as for your male slave and your female slave who shall be yours—from the nations that are around you, from them you may buy male and female slaves.
Lev.25.45 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וגם: CONJ
- מבני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,construct
- התושבים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הגרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- עמכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
- מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- תקנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- וממשפחתם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- עמכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הולידו: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,pl
- בארצכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,SUF,2,m,pl
- והיו: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,pl
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- לאחזה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:44-46 (verbal): Immediate continuation and close verbal parallel—these verses together regulate buying of 'strangers' and make a distinction between Israelite and foreign servants (the same legal provision extended in v.45–46).
- Exodus 21:2-6 (thematic): Laws concerning Hebrew servants who serve six years and are released—provides a legal contrast to Lev.25:45, which permits permanent ownership of non‑Israelite sojourners.
- Deuteronomy 15:12-18 (thematic): Regulation requiring release and provision for Israelite slaves in the seventh year and admonition to treat them well—serves as a counterpoint to the treatment of foreign-born servants described in Lev.25:45.
- Deuteronomy 23:15-16 (thematic): Command not to return a fugitive slave who seeks refuge—relevant to the legal status and protection of non‑Israelite persons living among Israel and shows differing rules about foreigners and servitude.
Alternative generated candidates
- And also from the sons of the resident aliens who sojourn with you—from them you may buy, and from their families that are with you, whom they have begotten in your land—and they shall be to you for a possession.
- And also from the children of the residents who sojourn among you—from them you may buy, and from their families who are with you, whom they have begotten in your land; and they shall be for you as a possession.
Lev.25.46 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והתנחלתם: VERB,hitpael,perf,2,m,pl
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- לבניכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,construct+suff_2mp
- אחריכם: PREP+PRON,2,m,pl
- לרשת: PREP+INF,qal
- אחזה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לעלם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- תעבדו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ובאחיכם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+suff_2mp
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- באחיו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+suff_3ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- תרדה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- בפרך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:44–45 (verbal): Immediately adjacent provision allowing Israel to possess slaves from surrounding nations and to bequeath them to descendants — language and legal effect parallel the phrase “inherit them to your children… they shall be your servants forever.”
- Leviticus 25:39–43 (thematic): Earlier in the same chapter Israelite poor who sell themselves are not to be treated as permanent slaves but as hired workers and are to be released in the Jubilee — provides the direct contrast invoked in v.46 between Israelites and foreign slaves.
- Exodus 21:2–6 (verbal): Law on Hebrew servants serving six years and, if he chooses to remain, becoming a permanent servant (ear‑piercing) — parallels the legal mechanism and language for perpetual service versus temporary servitude.
- Deuteronomy 15:12–17 (thematic): Regulation requiring release of Hebrew servants in the seventh year, with provision for voluntary lifelong service and an injunction to treat freed servants generously — echoes both the release principle and the prohibition against ruling harshly over a brother.
- Jeremiah 34:8–22 (allusion): Prophetic indictment of Judah for reneging on a covenant to free Hebrew slaves (and for failing Jubilee/servant obligations), applying the servant laws and warning of consequences — historical enforcement of the same legal/thematic norms.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you may bequeath them to your sons after you, to inherit as a holding forever; in them you may make them serve. But over your brothers, the Israelites—each over his brother—you shall not rule with harshness.
- And you may bequeath them to your sons after you to inherit as a possession forever; you may make them serve. But over your brothers, the Israelites—each over his brother—you shall not rule with ruthlessness.
Lev.25.47 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכי: CONJ
- תשיג: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותושב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- ומך: PREP,of,2,m,sg
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ונמכר: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- לגר: PREP,to+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תושב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- או: CONJ
- לעקר: PREP,to+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משפחת: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- גר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Lev.25:44-46 (structural): Immediate context that specifies that strangers and sojourners may be bought as permanent slaves, in contrast with Israelite servants; verse 47 continues this legal distinction.
- Lev.25:39-43 (thematic): Sets rules for Israelites sold because of poverty (servitude among brethren, release in Jubilee and humane treatment), contrasting with the treatment of foreign slaves described in v.47.
- Lev.25:55 (allusion): Explains the theological rationale for different statuses: Israel belongs to YHWH who redeemed them, grounding laws about Israelite servitude versus foreign slavery.
- Deut.15:12-18 (thematic): Law on the release and fair treatment of Hebrew slaves in the seventh year and provisions for their generous dismissal—provides a covenantal contrast to the permanent status of foreign slaves in Lev 25:47.
- Exod.21:2-6 (verbal): Regulates Hebrew indentured servitude and the possibility/ritual of remaining with a master permanently; parallels legal concerns about duration and status of servitude addressed in Leviticus 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if the hand of a sojourner or resident with you prospers, and your brother with him becomes poor and sells himself to the sojourner or resident with you, or to a member of the sojourner’s clan,
- And if the hand of a resident and a sojourner with you becomes strong, and your brother beside him becomes poor and sells himself to the resident and sojourner with you, or to a member of the resident's clan—
Lev.25.48 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אחרי: PREP
- נמכר: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- גאלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
- מאחיו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,3ms
- יגאלנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,obj1,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:25 (verbal): Prescribes the near kinsman’s right/duty to redeem a poor Israelite’s property — the same redemption concept applied to a person in v.48.
- Leviticus 25:49 (structural): Immediate context that elaborates who may redeem (other kinsmen or the man himself) and how redemption operates — a direct continuation of v.48.
- Ruth 4:4–10 (thematic): Boaz acts as the go'el (kinsman‑redeemer), redeeming property and taking Ruth — a narrative enactment of the Levitical kinsman‑redeemer institution.
- Jeremiah 32:6–15 (thematic): Jeremiah’s purchase of a field as a legally binding act of redemption/hope for future restoration echoes the legal and symbolic practice of redeeming land/relatives in Leviticus 25.
Alternative generated candidates
- after he is sold there shall be for him redemption; one of his brothers may redeem him,
- after he is sold he shall have redemption; one of his brothers shall redeem him,
Lev.25.49 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- או: CONJ
- דדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- או: CONJ
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- יגאלנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,objsuf:1,pl
- או: CONJ
- משאר: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prep:mem
- בשרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ממשפחתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs,prsuf:3ms,prep:mem
- יגאלנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,objsuf:1,pl
- או: CONJ
- השיגה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ונגאל: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg,conj:vav
Parallels
- Lev.25.25 (verbal): Same chapter and legal language of דיין־גאולה (redemption); uses יגאל and sets the principle that a near kinsman may redeem property or person.
- Lev.25.47 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same law section explaining the case of a poor Israelite sold to a foreigner and the right of a kinsman to redeem him (shared vocabulary and legal rule).
- Deut.15.12-15 (thematic): Law about the Hebrew servant’s release and the responsibility toward an impoverished kin—related social-legal concern for kinship obligations and humane treatment/release of dependents.
- Ruth 4:4-10 (allusion): Narrative enactment of the goel (kinsman-redeemer) motif: a near kinsman redeems land and takes responsibility for the widow’s legal restoration (uses גאל/redemption imagery).
- Jer.32:7-9 (thematic): Prophetic purchase/redeeming of a field as a legal-sign act—parallels the institution of redemption of property/relations and uses the same legal-purchase language as in Levitical redemption laws.
Alternative generated candidates
- or his uncle or his uncle’s son may redeem him, or any of his near kin of his family may redeem him; or if his hand prospers, he may redeem himself.
- or his uncle or his uncle's son shall redeem him, or one of his close relatives from his family shall redeem him; or if his hand prospers he may redeem himself.
Lev.25.50 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וחשב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עם: PREP
- קנהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- משנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- המכרו: NOUN,m,sg,def+PRON,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- עד: PREP
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- היבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ממכרו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- במספר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כימי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,construct
- שכיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:39-43 (verbal): Same section governing sale of a fellow Israelite: uses the language of becoming like a hired servant and the obligation that he not be treated as a slave, providing the immediate legal context for the calculation in v.50.
- Leviticus 25:25 (thematic): Law of redemption for land sold because of poverty — introduces the general Jubilee principle (redemption and restoration) that frames the calculation of price 'until the year of Jubilee.'
- Exodus 21:2-6 (thematic): Regulates the term of service for a Hebrew servant (six years and release in the seventh), supplying the background concept of limited-term servitude invoked by the phrase 'as the days of a hired servant.'
- Deuteronomy 15:12-18 (thematic): Commands release or redemption of a Hebrew servant and prescribes treatment and compensation at release — parallels the social-justice concerns and redemption/payment calculus reflected in Lev 25:50.
- Jeremiah 34:14 (allusion): Prophetic denunciation for breaking vows to release slaves and observe the year of release/Jubilee; recalls the covenantal and social obligations underlying the law in Lev 25 concerning redemption and freedom.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he shall reckon with the one who bought him, from the year that he was sold to him until the year of jubilee; and the price of his sale shall be according to the number of years—like the days of a hired worker shall he be with him.
- And he shall reckon with his buyer from the year he sold himself to him until the year of the Jubilee; and the price of his sale shall be according to the number of years; like the days of a hired worker shall he be with him.
Lev.25.51 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אם: CONJ
- עוד: ADV
- רבות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- בשנים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לפיהן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
- ישיב: VERB,hifil,imperfect,3,m,sg
- גאלתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מכסף: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מקנתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.25.52-53 (verbal): Immediate continuation of the same law — prescribes how to compute the redemption price “according to the years” and how the man is to be treated until redemption or release.
- Lev.25.47-49 (thematic): Same chapter discusses an Israelite sold to a foreigner and the possibility of redemption by a kinsman; both passages regulate redemption of persons sold into servitude.
- Exod.21.2-6 (thematic): Laws governing the term of a Hebrew servant (six years and release in the seventh) provide the broader legal background for Leviticus’ rules about redeeming a servant according to remaining years.
- Deut.15.12-18 (structural): Regulation of the release of Hebrew servants in the seventh year and the requirement to treat them generously complements Leviticus’ provisions about redemption and duration of service.
- Jer.34.8-22 (allusion): Prophetic narrative condemning Judah for breaking the covenant to free Hebrew slaves — an example of the social and covenantal consequences when laws about release/redemption are violated.
Alternative generated candidates
- If there are still many years, according to them he shall refund his redemption from the money of his purchase.
- If there are yet many years, according to them he shall refund for his redemption from the price for which he was bought;
Lev.25.52 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- מעט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נשאר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בשנים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עד: PREP
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- היבל: ART+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחשב: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- כפי: PREP
- שניו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ישיב: VERB,hifil,imperfect,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- גאלתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:51 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same passage: instructs that the price of a servant is to be computed according to the years remaining until the Jubilee, leading to his redemption — directly connected wording and legal procedure.
- Leviticus 25:13 (structural): Announces the Year of Jubilee when 'everyone shall return to his possession' and liberty is proclaimed, providing the institutional framework for the redemption described in v.52.
- Leviticus 27:16 (verbal): Regulates valuation and redemption of land vows by calculating price 'according to the years that remain unto the year of jubilee,' using the same method of prorating value by remaining years.
- Deuteronomy 15:12–15 (thematic): Sets a related institution of release for Hebrew servants (after six years) and prescribes humane treatment and redemption, thematically parallel to Jubilee-era restoration and manumission.
- Ruth 4:4–10 (thematic): Narrative example of a kinsman‑redeemer (go'el) buying back a field and securing a family's inheritance — thematically parallels the redemption mechanism and return to property embodied in the Jubilee laws.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if few years remain until the year of jubilee, he shall reckon with him; according to his years he shall refund his redemption.
- and if there remain few years until the year of the Jubilee, he shall reckon with him; according to his years he shall refund for his redemption.
Lev.25.53 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כשכיר: PREP+ADJ,m,sg,abs
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בשנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- ירדנו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- בפרך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעיניך: PREP
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:39-41 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same law: identical language that a poor Israelite who sells himself shall be with you 'as a hired servant and as a sojourner' and will be released in the year of the Jubilee (children also freed).
- Leviticus 25:10 (structural): The Jubilee proclamation — 'proclaim liberty throughout the land' — provides the institutional context for the release language in 25:53 (year of release).
- Exodus 21:2 (thematic): Gives the related rule that a Hebrew servant serves six years and goes out free in the seventh, reflecting the same principle of limited, contractual servitude underlying Lev 25:53.
- Deuteronomy 15:12-15 (verbal): Parallels commandments concerning the release of a Hebrew servant in the seventh year and the ethic of treating the released servant generously — closely mirrors the 'hired/sojourner' and release motifs.
- Jeremiah 34:8-22 (allusion): Narrates Judah's covenant to free Hebrew slaves and its subsequent breach; Jeremiah invokes the Levitical release obligations (including Jubilee concepts) to condemn failure to release servants as prescribed in laws like Lev 25:53.
Alternative generated candidates
- Like a hired worker, year by year, he shall be with him; he shall not rule over him with harshness before your eyes.
- Like a hired worker, year by year, he shall be with him; he shall not rule over him with ruthlessness in your sight.
Lev.25.54 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- באלה: PREP+DEM,pl
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- היבל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ובניו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 25:10 (structural): Announces the Year of Jubilee when property and persons are to be returned to their original owners — the institutional backdrop for v.54's release at Jubilee.
- Leviticus 25:25 (thematic): Sets out the principle of nearest-kinsman redemption for impoverished owners — v.54 addresses the corollary when redemption does not occur before Jubilee.
- Leviticus 25:49-53 (verbal): Gives the concrete rules and price-calculation for redeeming a Hebrew sold to a foreigner; these verses lead directly into v.54's provision about going out in the Jubilee if not redeemed.
- Deuteronomy 15:12-18 (thematic): Commands release of Hebrew servants in the seventh year with generosity — a related liberation motif that parallels Jubilee-era emancipation in Lev 25:54.
- Exodus 21:2 (verbal): States that a Hebrew slave serves six years and goes free in the seventh — a legal precedent echoed by the Jubilee's release provisions in Lev 25:54.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if he is not redeemed by these means, then he and his children with him shall go out in the year of jubilee.
- And if he is not redeemed by these, then he and his children with him shall go out in the year of the Jubilee.
Lev.25.55 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עבדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הוצאתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
- מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Lev.25:23 (verbal): Both verses assert God's ownership and sovereign relationship to Israel (‘the land is mine’ / ‘you are my servants’) and close with the covenant formula ‘I am the LORD your God.’
- Lev.25:42 (verbal): A near‑verbatim reiteration within the same chapter: Israel described as God’s servants whom he brought out of Egypt, framing their protection from permanent sale.
- Exod.6:7 (thematic): Part of the Exodus covenant language—God claims Israel as his people and promises a special relationship (‘I will take you to me… and I will be to you a God’), echoing the servant/possession motif.
- Isa.43:1 (thematic): God’s declaration of redemption and possession (‘I have called you by name; you are mine’) parallels the idea that Israel belongs to the LORD because he brought them out of Egypt.
- Deut.7:6 (thematic): Affirms Israel’s unique status as God’s chosen/holy people (‘for thou art a holy people unto the LORD thy God’), resonating with Leviticus’ claim that Israel are God’s servants.
Alternative generated candidates
- For to me the Israelites are servants—they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.
- For the Israelites are servants to me; they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.
You shall count for yourself seven sabbaths of years—seven years, seven times—and the days of the seven sabbaths of years shall be for you forty-nine years.
Then you shall sound the ram's-horn trumpet with a loud blast in the seventh month, on the tenth of the month; on the Day of Atonement you shall sound the trumpet throughout all your land.
You shall consecrate the fiftieth year and proclaim liberty in the land to all its inhabitants; it shall be Jubilee for you. You shall return, each man to his holding, and each man to his family you shall return.
A Jubilee it is; the fiftieth year it shall be for you. You shall not sow, you shall not reap its aftergrowth, and you shall not harvest the grapes of its unpruned vines.
For it is a Jubilee; it shall be holy to you. From the field you shall eat its produce.
In this year of the Jubilee you shall return, each man to his holding. And when you sell property to your fellow or buy from your fellow's hand, you shall not wrong one another.
According to the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your fellow; according to the number of harvest years he shall sell to you.
In proportion to the many years you shall increase the purchase price, and in proportion to the few years you shall reduce the purchase price, for he is selling to you a number of harvests.
You shall not wrong one another; and you shall fear your God, for I am the LORD your God. And you shall do my statutes, and my ordinances you shall keep and do; and you shall dwell on the land securely. And the land shall give its fruit, and you shall eat to satisfaction and dwell upon it securely. And if you say, 'What shall we eat in the seventh year, since we will not sow and we will not gather our produce?'
Then I will command my blessing for you in the sixth year, and it shall produce the harvest for three years.
You shall sow in the eighth year, and you shall eat from the old produce until the ninth year; until its produce comes in, you shall eat the old.
The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; for you are sojourners and residents with me. And in all the land of your holding you shall grant redemption for the land.
If your brother becomes poor and sells some of his holding, his nearest redeemer shall come and redeem what his brother sold. But if a man has no redeemer, yet his hand gains and he finds enough for his redemption,
then he shall reckon the years of its sale and return the balance to the man to whom he sold it, and he shall return to his holding. But if his hand does not find enough to return to him, then what he sold shall remain in the hand of the one who bought it until the year of the Jubilee; and it shall go out in the Jubilee, and he shall return to his holding.
If a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, its redemption shall be until the completion of the year of its sale; for a full year shall its redemption be. But if it is not redeemed before a full year is completed for it, then the house that is in the city that has a wall shall stand in perpetuity to the one who bought it, throughout his generations; it shall not go out in the Jubilee. But houses in unwalled villages, which have no surrounding wall, shall be reckoned with the open field of the land; they may be redeemed, and in the Jubilee they shall go out. But as for the cities of the Levites, the houses in the cities of their holding—a perpetual right of redemption shall be for the Levites. And what is redeemed from the Levites—namely, a house sale in a city of their holding—shall go out in the Jubilee; for the houses in the cities of the Levites are their holding among the Israelites. But the field of pastureland of their cities may not be sold, for it is an everlasting holding for them.
If your brother becomes poor and his hand falters with you, you shall strengthen him—the sojourner and the resident—that he may live with you.
You shall not take from him interest and increase; and you shall fear your God, so that your brother may live with you.
Your money you shall not give him at interest, and for increase you shall not give him your food.
I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan, to be your God.
If your brother becomes poor beside you and is sold to you, you shall not make him serve the service of a slave.
As a hired worker and as a resident he shall be with you; until the year of the Jubilee he shall serve with you.
Then he shall go out from you, he and his children with him, and he shall return to his family, and to the holding of his fathers he shall return.
For they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt; they shall not be sold as the sale of a slave.
You shall not rule over him with harshness, and you shall fear your God.
As for your male slave and your female slave who will be yours—from the nations that are around you, from them you may acquire male and female slaves.
Also from the children of the resident aliens who sojourn with you—from them you may acquire—and from their families that are with you, whom they have begotten in your land; and they shall be for you as a possession.
You may bequeath them to your sons after you to inherit as a possession forever; you may make them serve. But over your brothers, the Israelites—each over his brother—you shall not rule with harshness.
If the hand of a sojourner and resident with you prospers, and your brother beside him becomes poor and is sold to the sojourner resident with you, or to a clan-member of the sojourner's family,
after he is sold he shall have redemption: one of his brothers may redeem him,
or his uncle or his uncle's son may redeem him, or one of his near kin from his family may redeem him; or, if his hand gains, he may redeem himself.
He shall reckon with his buyer from the year that he was sold to him until the year of the Jubilee; and the money of his sale shall be according to the number of years—like the days of a hired worker he shall be with him.
If there are still many years, he shall refund his redemption in proportion to them out of the money of his purchase. But if few years remain until the year of the Jubilee, he shall reckon with him; according to his years he shall refund his redemption.
Like a hired worker, year by year he shall be with him; he shall not rule over him with harshness in your sight. And if he is not redeemed by these, then he shall go out in the year of the Jubilee, he and his children with him.
For the Israelites are servants to me; they are my servants whom I brought out from the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.