Alliances and Preparations for the Temple
1 Kings 5:1-18
1 K.5.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושלמה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מושל: VERB,qal,ptc,0,m,sg
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הממלכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- מן: PREP
- הנהר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- פלשתים: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- מגשים: VERB,qal,ptc,0,m,pl
- מנחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ועבדים: CONJ,NOUN,m,pl,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- חייו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:21 (verbal): Same statement of Solomon’s rule: confirms reign 'from the River to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt' and that peoples brought gifts and served him — parallel/near-duplicate within Samuel/Kings narrative.
- 2 Chronicles 9:26 (quotation): Nearly identical retelling in Chronicles of Solomon’s territorial dominion and subject peoples bringing gifts and serving him; Chronicles repeats the same geographical formula and tribute motif.
- Psalm 72:8 (thematic): Royal/mesianic ideal of dominion 'may he have dominion from sea to sea, and from the River to the ends of the earth' echoes the motif of a king’s rule extending from 'the River' to distant borders, connecting Solomon’s reign with Israelite royal ideology.
- Genesis 15:18 (allusion): God’s territorial grant to Abraham ('from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates') provides the broader covenantal/territorial backdrop for later claims about Israelite borders; the similar 'from the River' language links Solomon’s dominion to earlier promises about the land.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the River to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt; they brought tribute and servants to Solomon all the days of his life.
- And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the river to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt; they brought tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.
1 K.5.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- ליום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
- שלשים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- כר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- סלת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וששים: CONJ+NUM,card,pl,m
- כר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קמח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:22 (verbal): Same statement about Solomon's daily provision (thirty measures of fine flour and sixty measures of meal); parallel/duplicate wording in adjacent chapter in some textual traditions.
- 1 Kings 4:7 (structural): Describes the twelve officials who provided victuals for the king and his household—context for the organized provisioning referred to in 1 Kgs 5:2.
- 1 Chronicles 27:25-31 (structural): Lists officers over the king's food, storehouses and supplies—a parallel administrative picture of royal provisioning and supply management.
- Genesis 18:6 (verbal): Abraham instructs Sarah to prepare 'three measures of flour' for visitors—verbal and thematic parallel in the use of measured quantities of flour for provision/hospitality.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Solomon's daily provision for one day was thirty cors of fine flour and sixty cors of ordinary flour.
- Now Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour and sixty measures of meal.
1 K.5.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
- בקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בראים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ועשרים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- בקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רעי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ומאה: NUM,card,sg
- צאן: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לבד: PREP
- מאיל: NUM,m,pl,abs
- וצבי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויחמור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וברברים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- אבוסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:22-23 (verbal): Almost identical inventory of livestock (ten fat oxen, twenty pasture-fed cattle, a hundred sheep) used to describe royal provisions; close verbal/structural parallel in the Solomonic household context.
- 1 Kings 10:26-29 (structural): Another description of Solomon’s wealth and resources (stalls, horses, chariots and livestock) that parallels the theme of royal abundance and provisioning.
- Job 1:3 (thematic): Lists large numbers of livestock as the measure of a man's wealth (sheep, oxen, camels, asses), thematically parallel in using animal counts to indicate prosperity.
- Genesis 30:43 (thematic): Reports Jacob’s increase in flocks and livestock as a sign of prosperity; thematically parallels the use of animal holdings to mark material success and household provision.
Alternative generated candidates
- Ten stall-fed bulls, twenty pasture oxen, a hundred sheep—besides goats, deer, gazelles, and many roebuck.
- Ten fat bulls, twenty pasture oxen, and a hundred sheep—besides rams, roebucks, harts, and flocks in abundance.
1 K.5.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- רדה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנהר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מתפסח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- עזה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלכי: NOUN,pl,m,cons
- עבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנהר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ושלום: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- מכל: PREP
- עבריו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מסביב: ADV,loc
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:21-24 (verbal): Parallel account of Solomon’s dominion—explicitly states his rule ‘from the River to the land of the Philistines…to the border of Egypt,’ echoing the geographical claim and peace on all sides.
- 2 Chronicles 9:26 (verbal): Chronicles’ retelling of Solomon’s reign uses the same territorial formula (‘from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, and to the border of Egypt’), repeating the scope and stability of his rule.
- 2 Samuel 8:3-6 (thematic): David’s military victories ‘beyond the River’ and subjugation of kings provide the earlier military groundwork for Israelite control across the Euphrates—theme of conquest and secured borders underlying Solomon’s peace.
- Psalm 72:8 (allusion): A royal/mesianic petition that the king’s dominion extend ‘from sea to sea, and from the River to the ends of the earth,’ echoing the ideal territorial scope and universal peace associated with Solomon’s rule.
- Genesis 15:18 (verbal): The covenantal border formula ‘from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates’ supplies the canonical phraseology for ‘the River’ as a boundary, echoed in descriptions of Israelite/royal territory in Kings.
Alternative generated candidates
- For he ruled over all the region beyond the River, from Tiphsah to Gaza, over all the kings beyond the River; and peace was to him on every side round about.
- For he ruled over all the region beyond the river, from Tiphsah to Gaza, over all the kings on the other side of the river; and peace was on every side round about him.
1 K.5.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- וישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבטח: ADV
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תחת: PREP
- גפנו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ותחת: CONJ+PREP
- תאנתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מדן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- באר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שבע: NUM,card
- כל: DET
- ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kgs.4:25 (verbal): Nearly identical wording and idea: a summary statement of Solomon's peaceful reign — 'Judah and Israel dwelt safely... every man under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan to Beersheba.'
- 1 Kgs.5:4 (structural): Immediate context and cause: Solomon says the LORD has given him rest on every side and removed adversaries, which explains the safety described in v.5.
- Micah 4:4 (verbal): Prophetic echo of the same domestic image — 'each of them will sit under his vine and under his fig tree' — using the vine/fig motif to symbolize peace and security.
- Zechariah 3:10 (allusion): Post‑exilic prophetic usage of the vine-and-fig‑tree formula: 'every one of you shall invite his neighbor to sit under his vine and under his fig tree,' echoing the biblical idiom of settled prosperity.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Judah and Israel dwelt securely, every man under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan to Beersheba, all the days of Solomon.
- And Judah and Israel lived in safety, every man under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan even to Beersheba, all the days of Solomon.
1 K.5.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לשלמה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ארבעים: NUM,m,pl
- אלף: NUM,m,sg
- ארות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- סוסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- למרכבו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ושנים: CONJ+NUM,m,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- אלף: NUM,m,sg
- פרשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- 2 Chronicles 1:14 (quotation): Direct parallel in Chronicles repeating Solomon’s large provision of stalls for chariots and twelve thousand horsemen (verbal repetition of the same royal resources).
- 1 Kings 10:26 (verbal): Another passage in Kings describing Solomon’s horses and twelve thousand horsemen (similar vocabulary and subject; some numeric variants in the stalls/chariots between passages).
- 2 Samuel 8:4 (thematic): David’s capture of large numbers of chariots and horsemen—thematically parallels royal/military use of horses and chariots as symbols of power and military strength.
- 1 Chronicles 18:4 (quotation): Chronicles’ rendering of 2 Samuel 8:4 repeats David’s acquisition of chariots and horsemen, offering a parallel instance of large cavalry/chariot forces in Israel’s monarchy tradition.
Alternative generated candidates
- Now Solomon had forty thousand stalls for his chariot horses and twelve thousand horsemen.
- And Solomon had forty thousand stalls of horses for his chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen.
1 K.5.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכלכלו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- הנצבים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- הקרב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אל: NEG
- שלחן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חדשו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss=3ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- יעדרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:6-7 (verbal): Direct parallel: describes the twelve officers/governors who provided food for Solomon and his household on a monthly rota — essentially the same administrative provisional arrangement.
- 1 Kings 4:8 (verbal): Nearby verse listing the names and functions of Solomon's officers (e.g., Azariah over the officers), reinforcing the administrative context of provisioning the king's table.
- 1 Chronicles 27:25-31 (structural): Chronicles account of the officials and divisions who managed the king's household and provisions; parallels the organized bureaucratic system that supplied the monarch.
- 2 Chronicles 2:3-10 (thematic): Solomon's organized preparations and requests (e.g., for timber, craftsmen, and materials) show the same theme of centralized royal administration and logistic provisioning for the king's projects and household.
Alternative generated candidates
- And these officers provided for King Solomon and for all who came to King Solomon's table; each man had his month's turn, and nothing was lacking.
- These officers provided for King Solomon and for all who came to King Solomon's table; each man's provision was once a month—nothing was lacking.
1 K.5.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והשערים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- והתבן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- לסוסים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ולרכש: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- המקום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כמשפטו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Chronicles 2:10-12 (structural): Parallel narrative of the Solomon–Hiram arrangement: Chronicles recounts the same diplomatic/trade agreement and supply provisions that appear in 1 Kings 5, corresponding to the logistical provisions for the royal households and building project.
- 1 Kings 4:26 (thematic): Mentions Solomon's many chariots and horsemen and the royal stables—connects to 5:8's concern with feed (barley and straw) for horses and mules used by the king's forces.
- 1 Kings 10:26 (thematic): Reports Solomon's extensive horse-stalls and horsemen later in the narrative; thematically parallels the need for continual fodder and logistical support for royal horses described in 5:8.
- Deuteronomy 17:16 (allusion): The royal provision of horses and related supplies in 1 Kings 5:8 stands in tension with the Deuteronomic law warning that Israelite kings should not multiply horses for themselves—provides legal/theological contrast.
Alternative generated candidates
- And straw and provender for the horses and for the chariots were brought to the place where the officers were assigned, each according to his charge.
- And barley and straw were brought for the horses and for the chariot steeds to the place that Solomon had appointed; each man according to his charge.
1 K.5.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- חכמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לשלמה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ותבונה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מאד: ADV
- ורחב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כחול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- שפת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:29-34 (verbal): Nearly identical description of God giving Solomon great wisdom, understanding, and breadth of heart like the sand of the seashore; expanded account of the scope and effects of his wisdom.
- 1 Kings 3:12 (quotation): God's direct promise to Solomon: 'I have given you a wise and understanding heart' — the origin of the gift mentioned in 1 Kgs 5:9.
- 2 Chronicles 1:11-12 (allusion): Parallel report that God granted Solomon wisdom and knowledge in response to his request; echoes the theme of divine bestowal of wisdom and resulting prosperity.
- Ecclesiastes 1:16-18 (thematic): Solomon's reflection on the increase of wisdom and its consequences (sorrow and vexation) — thematically linked to the depiction of Solomon's great wisdom in 1 Kgs 5:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- And God gave Solomon wisdom and very great understanding, and breadth of heart like the sand that is on the seashore.
- And God gave Solomon wisdom and very great discernment and breadth of heart like the sand on the seashore.
1 K.5.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותרב: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- חכמת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- מחכמת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cs
- כל: DET
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- קדם: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ומכל: CONJ
- חכמת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- 1Kgs.4.29-34 (verbal): Explicit parallel description: Solomon’s wisdom is said to surpass all men and nations, with details about his proverbs and knowledge that echo 5:10’s claim.
- 1Kgs.3.16-28 (thematic): A concrete demonstration of Solomon’s superior, divinely given wisdom (the judgment of the two women), illustrating the practical outworking of the superiority stated in 5:10.
- 1Kgs.10.23-24 (verbal): Later summary that repeats and amplifies 5:10’s claim—Solomon exceeded all kings of the earth in wisdom (and wealth), showing the same evaluative tradition.
- 2Chr.1.12 (allusion): God’s grant to Solomon of ‘wisdom and knowledge’ as a divine gift—this passage provides the theological basis for the superiority asserted in 5:10.
- 2Chr.9.22 (verbal): Parallel narrative to 1 Kings 10 that reiterates Solomon’s preeminence in wisdom (and riches), echoing the language and claim of 5:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Solomon's wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the people of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt.
- And Solomon's wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the children of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt.
1 K.5.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויחכם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מכל: PREP
- האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מאיתן: PREP
- האזרחי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והימן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכלכל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ודרדע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- מחול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:29-34 (verbal): Describes Solomon's wisdom as surpassing all men and his fame among the nations—language and theme closely parallel the claim that one was 'wiser than all the people' and known throughout the surrounding peoples.
- 1 Kings 10:1-13 (thematic): The visit of the Queen of Sheba to test Solomon's wisdom and the report of his fame among the nations echoes the motif of renowned wisdom and reputation 'in all the surrounding peoples.'
- 1 Kings 7:13-14 (quotation): Parallel narrative about Hiram (Huram) of Tyre and his skilled work for Solomon; connects the Tyrian craftsman and his renown with the account in 1 Kings 5.
- 2 Chronicles 2:13-14 (structural): Chronicles' parallel account of Solomon's dealings with Hiram/Huram and the provision of skilled craftsmen and materials—structurally parallels the report of a famous, skilled man from Tyre in 1 Kings 5:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- He was wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, and Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol; and his fame was among all the nations round about.
- And he was wiser than all men—than Ethan the Ezrahite, and Heman, and Chalcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol; and his name spread among the surrounding nations.
1 K.5.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- שלשת: NUM,m,pl,abs
- אלפים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- משל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- שירו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חמשה: NUM,m,pl
- ואלף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:29-34 (verbal): Parallel passage in the same narrative that explicitly attributes great wisdom to Solomon and repeats the statement about the number of his proverbs and songs (different versification in some traditions).
- Proverbs 1:1 (verbal): The book of Proverbs is explicitly headed 'The proverbs of Solomon,' linking the collections of wise sayings to Solomon mentioned in 1 Kgs 5:12.
- Song of Songs 1:1 (allusion): The Song of Songs is traditionally titled 'of Solomon,' connecting the reference to Solomon's many songs in 1 Kgs 5:12 to this corpus of poetic songs.
- Ecclesiastes 12:9 (thematic): Qoheleth (often associated with Solomon) speaks of assembling and explaining many proverbs, echoing the tradition that Solomon produced a vast number of sayings.
- 2 Chronicles 9:29 (structural): This verse points to other written records of Solomon's acts and wisdom (books of the prophets and other chronicles), corroborating the claim that Solomon produced extensive writings, including proverbs and songs.
Alternative generated candidates
- He spoke three thousand proverbs, and his songs were five thousand.
- He spoke three thousand proverbs, and his songs were five thousand.
1 K.5.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- העצים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- מן: PREP
- הארז: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בלבנון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- האזוב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יצא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בקיר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- הבהמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- העוף: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הרמש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הדגים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- 1 Kings 4:33 (verbal): Almost identical wording in the description of Solomon’s range of knowledge: from the cedar of Lebanon to the hyssop on the wall, and mention of beasts, birds, creeping things and fishes.
- Psalm 104:24-25 (thematic): Celebrates the manifold works of God and the breadth of creation, including the great sea full of living creatures—parallels the verse’s enumeration of plant life and animals.
- Job 12:7-10 (thematic): Speaks of learning from the beasts and the earth and emphasizes God’s possession and knowledge of every living thing, echoing the verse’s survey of creation from large to small.
- Psalm 50:10-12 (thematic): Affirms God’s ownership of every beast and the fullness of the earth, resonating with the verse’s comprehensive listing of animals and creatures.
- Isaiah 40:26 (thematic): Calls attention to God as creator who numbers and calls the heavenly host—a related emphasis on God’s lordship over the ordered multitude of creation reflected in the verse’s catalog of life.
Alternative generated candidates
- He spoke concerning trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon to the hyssop that springs out of the wall; he spoke also of beasts and of birds and of creeping things and of fishes.
- He spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon even to the hyssop that springs out of the wall; he spoke also of beasts, of birds, of creeping things, and of fishes.
1 K.5.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- מכל: PREP
- העמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לשמע: INF,qal,infc
- את: PRT,acc
- חכמת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- מאת: PREP
- כל: DET
- מלכי: NOUN,pl,m,cons
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- חכמתו: NOUN,f,sg,cons+3ms
Parallels
- 1 Kings 10:1 (verbal): Narrates the visit of the Queen of Sheba who came to hear/test Solomon’s wisdom — a direct narrative example of foreign rulers coming to hear Solomon.
- 2 Chronicles 9:1 (verbal): Chronicles' parallel account of the Queen of Sheba’s visit; repeats the report of nations/kings seeking Solomon’s wisdom.
- Matthew 12:42 (quotation): Jesus cites the Queen of the South who came to hear Solomon’s wisdom as a reprimand to his contemporaries — an explicit New Testament reference to the same tradition.
- Luke 11:31 (quotation): Luke’s parallel to Matthew 12:42, repeating that the queen came from the ends of the earth to hear Solomon’s wisdom.
- Isaiah 60:3 (thematic): Prophetic image of nations and kings coming to the light of Zion — thematically parallels foreign rulers being drawn to Israel’s king/wisdom.
Alternative generated candidates
- And people came from all the nations to hear the wisdom of Solomon, from all the kings of the earth who had heard of his wisdom.
- Men came from all the nations to hear the wisdom of Solomon—those from all the kings of the earth who had heard of his wisdom.
1 K.5.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חירם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- צור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- עבדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
- אל: NEG
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- שמע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- משחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תחת: PREP
- אביהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- כי: CONJ
- אהב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חירם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לדוד: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- הימים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- 2 Sam.5.11 (verbal): Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David and cedar trees and carpenters to build him a house—earlier evidence of Hiram’s friendship with David that explains his favor toward Solomon.
- 1 Chr.14.1 (verbal): Parallel to 2 Samuel 5:11: Hiram’s sending of cedar and craftsmen to David, reinforcing the long-standing alliance and goodwill toward David’s house.
- 2 Chr.2.3-16 (structural): A parallel account of Solomon’s correspondence and negotiations with Hiram requesting cedar, craftsmen, and material assistance for the temple—expands the same exchange referenced in 1 Kings 5:15.
- 1 Kgs.7.13-14 (thematic): Describes Huram (Hiram’s artisan) being sent from Tyre to assist Solomon with construction and metalwork—shows Tyrian provision of skilled labor and materials connected to the relationship noted in 1 Kgs 5:15.
- 1 Kgs.9.11 (thematic): Records Solomon’s grant of cities to Hiram and the resulting diplomatic exchange—later development of the Israel–Tyre relationship that began with Hiram’s favor toward David and support for Solomon.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, for he had heard that they had anointed him king in the place of his father; for Hiram loved David all his days.
- And Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, because he had heard that they had anointed him king in place of his father; for Hiram loved David continually.
1 K.5.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- שלמה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- חירם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- 2 Chron.2.3 (verbal): Chronicles retells Solomon’s commissioning of Hiram with nearly the same wording—Solomon’s message to Hiram requesting cedar and skilled labor for the temple (direct parallel account).
- 2 Sam.5.11 (thematic): Earlier contact between Hiram king of Tyre and David: Hiram sent materials and carpenters to David, providing the background and precedent for Solomon’s later request to Hiram.
- 1 Chron.14.1 (allusion): Parallel to 2 Samuel 5:11 recounting Hiram’s assistance to David; highlights the established friendly relationship between the Israelite king and Tyre’s monarch that Solomon likewise leverages.
- 1 Kgs.7.13-14 (structural): Describes Hiram furnishing skilled artisans and craftsmen to Solomon’s building projects—complements 5:16 by showing the cooperative work and resources Hiram supplied for temple and palace construction.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Solomon sent to Hiram, saying,
- And Solomon sent word to Hiram, saying:
1 K.5.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- ידעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- דוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אבי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לבנות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מפני: PREP
- המלחמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- סבבהו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl+pr3
- עד: PREP
- תת: VERB,qal,inf
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- תחת: PREP
- כפות: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 7:1-3 (verbal): David’s desire to build a house for the LORD and the surrounding wars are narrated here; the account provides the background why David did not build the temple.
- 1 Chronicles 17:1-4 (verbal): Chronicles retells Nathan’s oracle and God’s refusal of David’s offer to build the temple, explicitly linking the prohibition to David’s wars and bloodshed.
- 1 Chronicles 22:8 (verbal): David explains to Solomon that God told him he could not build a house for God because of the wars he fought, a direct restatement of the reason given in 1 Kings.
- 1 Kings 8:17-19 (thematic): In Solomon’s dedication/prayer he recalls that his father David did not build the house because God had restrained him, and that God granted rest so Solomon could build—connecting the theme of war preventing David’s construction and peace enabling Solomon’s.
Alternative generated candidates
- "You know David my father could not build a house for the name of the LORD his God because of the wars that were round about him, until the LORD put his enemies under his feet.
- "You know that David my father could not build a house to the name of the LORD his God because of the wars that compassed him about, until the LORD put them under the soles of his feet."
1 K.5.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועתה: CONJ
- הניח: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- מסביב: ADV,loc
- אין: PART,neg
- שטן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואין: CONJ+PART,exist
- פגע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 7:1 (verbal): Same wording and scene: 'the LORD had given David rest on every side'—the passage that provides the verbal and narrative precedent for Solomon's statement about security from enemies.
- 1 Chronicles 17:1 (quotation): Parallel account of 2 Samuel 7:1 in Chronicles; repeats the claim that the LORD gave David rest from all his enemies, echoing the language and situation behind Solomon's remark.
- 1 Kings 5:4 (verbal): Closely related verse in the same chapter: Solomon acknowledges that the LORD gave him (or David) rest from all surrounding foes—same theme and similar phrasing within the Deuteronomistic narrative.
- 1 Kings 4:25 (thematic): Describes the nationwide peace and security under Solomon—'every man under his vine and fig tree'—which thematically matches the claim that there is no adversary or harm around.
Alternative generated candidates
- Now the LORD my God has given me rest on every side; there is neither adversary nor disaster."
- "Now the LORD my God has given me rest on every side; there is neither adversary nor misfortune."
And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the River to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt; they brought tribute and servants to Solomon all the days of his life. And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour and sixty measures of meal.
Ten fat bulls and twenty pasture oxen and a hundred sheep—besides rams, roebucks, gazelles, and many goats.
For he ruled over all the region beyond the River, from Tiphsah even to Gaza, over all the kings beyond the River; and he had peace on all sides round about.
Judah and Israel dwelt safely, every man under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan even to Beersheba, all the days of Solomon. And Solomon had forty thousand stalls for his chariot horses, and twelve thousand horsemen.
These officers provided for King Solomon and for all who came to King Solomon's table; each man had his month—nothing was lacking. And barley and straw for the horses and for the provision of the chariot came to the place where the king was; each man did according to his duty.
God gave Solomon wisdom and exceedingly great discernment and a breadth of heart like the sand on the seashore. And Solomon's wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the men of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt.
He was wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, Heman, Kalkol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol; and his name was in all the surrounding nations.
He spoke three thousand proverbs, and his songs were five thousand.
He spoke of trees, from the cedar that is in Lebanon to the hyssop that springs out of the wall; he spoke also of beasts, of birds, of creeping things, and of fishes. And men came from all the nations to hear the wisdom of Solomon— from all the kings of the earth who had heard of his wisdom. And Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, for he had heard that they had anointed him king in the place of his father; for Hiram had been a friend to David his father all his days. And Solomon sent a message to Hiram, saying,
“You know David my father could not build a house for the name of the LORD his God because of the wars that were round about him, until the LORD put his enemies under his feet. But now the LORD my God has given me rest on every side; there is no adversary nor any mischance.”