Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection
Luke 9:51-56
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Luke.9.51 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- συμπληρουσθαι: VERB,pres,mid/pass,inf
- τας: ART,acc,pl,f
- ημερας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- αναλημψεως: NOUN,gen,sg,fem
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- προσωπον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εστηρισεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πορευεσθαι: VERB,pres,mid,inf
- εις: PREP
- Ιερουσαλημ: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Mark 10:32-34 (thematic): Jesus and the disciples travel toward Jerusalem and Jesus predicts his suffering and death there—parallels Luke's announcement that he set his face for Jerusalem and is going toward his passion.
- Matthew 20:17-19 (thematic): Jesus predicts his arrest, suffering, and resurrection in Jerusalem; reinforces the Lukan theme that Jesus is intentionallyjourneying to Jerusalem to accomplish his destiny.
- Acts 1:3 (thematic): Speaks of the period leading to and the event of Jesus' being 'taken up' (the ascension). Connects to Luke 9:51's language about the days for his being taken up.
- Isaiah 50:7 (allusion): The servant‑language of resolute determination ('set my face'/'made my face like flint') echoes Luke's expression that Jesus 'set his face' to go to Jerusalem, suggesting a servant‑suffering motif underlying the journey.
Alternative generated candidates
- When the days were drawing near for him to be taken up, he resolutely set his face toward Jerusalem.
- When the days were drawing to a close for his being taken up, he steadfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem.
Luke.9.52 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- απεστειλεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αγγελους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- προ: PREP
- προσωπου: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- πορευθεντες: VERB,aor,pass,part,nom,pl,m
- εισηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- κωμην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- Σαμαριτων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- ως: ADV
- ετοιμασαι: VERB,aor,act,sub,3,pl
- αυτω·: PRON,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Luke 22:8-13 (structural): Jesus sends disciples ahead to a village to make preparations (to prepare the Passover), a parallel travel motif of sending agents ahead to ready lodging/arrangements.
- Mark 14:13-15 (structural): Mark's account of sending disciples into a town to find a place and prepare the meal parallels the practice of dispatching people ahead to make ready for Jesus' arrival.
- Luke 19:29-35 (structural): Jesus sends two disciples into a nearby village to fetch a colt; similar pattern of instructing followers to go ahead into a village to secure what is needed for his entry.
- Matthew 10:14 (thematic): Instruction about towns that do not receive the messengers of Jesus (shake off the dust) thematically connects to the subsequent refusal of the Samaritan village to receive Jesus in Luke 9:52–56.
- John 4:4-9 (thematic): Jesus' encounter with Samaritans (the Samaritan woman and the village) provides a thematic parallel regarding Jesus' interactions with Samaritan communities and issues of hospitality and reception.
Alternative generated candidates
- He sent messengers on ahead of him; they went and entered a Samaritan village to prepare for him.
- He sent messengers on ahead of him, and they went and entered a village of the Samaritans to make ready for him.
Luke.9.53 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εδεξαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- οτι: CONJ
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- προσωπον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- πορευομενον: VERB,pres,mid,part,nom,sg,n
- εις: PREP
- Ιερουσαλημ: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Luke 9:51 (verbal): Same Lukan travel formula—Jesus 'sets his face' toward Jerusalem; the wording and theological emphasis on determined journey are nearly identical.
- Luke 10:10–11 (thematic): Instruction to the seventy about towns that 'do not receive you'—same theme of rejection by a village and the missionary response to being refused.
- Matthew 10:14 (thematic): Jesus' instruction to the disciples to 'shake off the dust' of towns that do not receive them; parallels Luke's concern with reception and how mission is affected by refusal.
- John 4:9, 39–42 (thematic): Episode with Samaritans provides a contrasting outcome: in John the Samaritans receive Jesus and believe, highlighting different Samaritan responses to Jesus’ mission (contrast to Luke's village refusing him because he was going to Jerusalem).
- Acts 8:5–8 (thematic): Philip's successful mission in Samaria (many receive the message) serves as a thematic parallel/contrast to the Samaritan village's refusal in Luke 9:53, illustrating varied Samaritan receptions to the gospel.
Alternative generated candidates
- But they would not receive him, because his face was set toward Jerusalem.
- But the people there would not receive him, because his face was set toward Jerusalem.
Luke.9.54 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ιδοντες: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- Ιακωβος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- Ιωαννης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ειπαν·Κυριε: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- θελεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ειπωμεν: VERB,aor,act,subj,1,pl
- πυρ: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- καταβηναι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- απο: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ουρανου: NOUN,gen,sg,masc
- και: CONJ
- αναλωσαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
Parallels
- 2 Kings 1:10-12 (allusion): Elijah calls down fire from heaven to consume the king’s messengers (and later the captain), a direct antecedent to the disciples’ proposal to summon heavenly fire.
- 1 Kings 18:36-38 (allusion): Elijah’s prayer resulting in fire from heaven on Mount Carmel provides the exemplar of prophetic power and divine vindication that the disciples seek to imitate.
- Luke 9:55-56 (structural): Immediate literary context: Jesus rebukes James and John for wanting to call down fire, declaring his mission is to save rather than destroy—direct response and correction of their impulse.
- Matthew 5:44 (thematic): Jesus’ teaching to love enemies and pray for persecutors contrasts with the disciples’ desire for violent retribution, highlighting the ethic of nonretaliation in Jesus’ ministry.
Alternative generated candidates
- When his disciples James and John saw this, they said, "Lord, do you want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them?"
- When his disciples James and John saw this, they said, "Lord, do you want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them?"
Luke.9.55 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- στραφεις: PART,aor,act,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- επετιμησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
Parallels
- Luke 9:54 (structural): Immediate context — this verse records what the disciples proposed (calling down fire on the village) that provoked Jesus' rebuke in 9:55.
- 2 Kings 1:10-12 (allusion): Elijah calls down fire from heaven to consume soldiers; the disciples' suggestion to 'call down fire' echoes this Old Testament episode.
- Mark 9:38-41 (thematic): Jesus rebukes disciples for exclusivism and improper zeal about who may act in his name—similar corrective tone toward misguided disciple behavior.
- Luke 9:49-50 (structural): A parallel rebuke in the same chapter where Jesus corrects the disciples for forbidding others, reinforcing the theme of restraining sectarian or violent zeal.
- Matthew 5:39 (thematic): Jesus' teaching against retaliation ('turn the other cheek') provides the ethical background for his rebuke of vengeful action in 9:55.
Alternative generated candidates
- But he turned and rebuked them.
- But he turned and rebuked them, saying, "You do not know what spirit you are of."
Luke.9.56 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- επορευθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- ετεραν: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- κωμην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Mark 1:38 (verbal): Jesus' directive to 'go to the next towns' for preaching echoes the simple movement in Luke 9:56 — both stress itinerant ministry and going on to another village.
- Matthew 10:14 (thematic): Instruction to the disciples to 'shake off the dust' and move on when a town will not receive them parallels Luke's motif of leaving a village that rejected Jesus and continuing the mission elsewhere.
- Mark 6:11 (verbal): Like Matthew 10:14, Mark records disciples being told to leave unreceptive places and move on to other towns — a close verbal and functional parallel to 'they went to another village.'
- Luke 4:30 (structural): After rejection at Nazareth Jesus 'passed through the midst of them and went on his way' — a structural parallel in Luke where rejection is followed by departure to another place.
- Acts 8:4 (thematic): Following persecution the believers 'went everywhere preaching the word,' reflecting the early-Christian pattern of moving from village to village to continue mission work, similar to Luke 9:56's onward movement.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they went on to another village.
- For the Son of Man did not come to destroy lives but to save them. And they went on to another village.
When the days were approaching for him to be taken up, he set his face to go to Jerusalem.
He sent messengers ahead of him, and they went and entered a Samaritan village to make ready for him. But the people there would not receive him, because his face was set toward Jerusalem.
When his disciples James and John saw this, they said, "Lord, do you want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them?" But Jesus turned and rebuked them. And they went on to another village.