Cleansing the Temple and Teaching
Luke 19:45-48
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Luke.19.45 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- εισελθων: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ιερον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- ηρξατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- εκβαλλειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- πωλουντας: VERB,pres,act,part,acc,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 21:12-13 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: Jesus enters the temple and drives out the sellers/money-changers; similar wording and purpose (cleansing the temple).
- Mark 11:15-17 (verbal): Another close synoptic parallel describing the temple cleansing, overturning of tables, and Jesus' denunciation of the temple as a place corrupted by commerce.
- John 2:13-16 (thematic): John records a temple cleansing with similar actions (overturning tables, driving out animals) though placed at an earlier point in Jesus' ministry; highlights the same challenge to temple commerce.
- Jeremiah 7:11 (allusion): OT passage calling the temple a 'den of robbers'—language echoed in the Synoptic denunciation of temple traders (cf. Jesus' rebuke in the cleansing scenes).
- Psalm 69:9 (quotation): Quoted in the NT (John 2:17) — 'zeal for your house consumes me' — used to interpret Jesus' motive for purging the temple.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who were selling there and those who were buying.
- And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who were selling in it, and he began to overturn the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold doves.
Luke.19.46 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,m,sg
- αυτοις·Γεγραπται·Και: PRON,dat,pl,3 + VERB,perf,mid/pass,ind,3,sg + CONJ
- εσται: VERB,fut,mid,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- οικος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- οικος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- προσευχης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- δε: CONJ
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- εποιησατε: VERB,aor,act,ind,2,pl
- σπηλαιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- ληστων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- Isaiah 56:7 (quotation): Isaiah proclaims 'My house shall be called a house of prayer' (for all nations); Jesus cites this to assert the temple's intended purpose.
- Jeremiah 7:11 (quotation): Jeremiah asks if the temple has become 'a den of robbers'; Jesus echoes this denunciation of corrupt temple practices.
- Matthew 21:12-13 (verbal): Parallel account of the temple cleansing where Jesus quotes 'My house shall be called a house of prayer...you have made it a den of robbers' with very similar wording.
- Mark 11:15-17 (verbal): Another Synoptic parallel of the cleansing that records the same scriptural citation and condemns the temple's commercial abuse.
- John 2:13-16 (thematic): John's earlier temple-cleansing narrative: Jesus drives out merchants and says, 'Take these things away; do not make my Father's house a house of trade,' thematically condemning misuse of the temple.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer’; but you have made it a den of robbers.”
- And he said to them, "It is written, 'My house shall be a house of prayer,' but you have made it a den of robbers."
Luke.19.47 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- διδασκων: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- καθ᾽ημεραν: ADV
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ιερω·οι: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- δε: CONJ
- αρχιερεις: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- γραμματεις: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- εζητουν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- απολεσαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- πρωτοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- λαου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Luke 21:37-38 (structural): Same setting of Jesus teaching in the temple and the crowds coming to hear him (echoes the daily temple teaching and public reception).
- John 8:2 (verbal): Very similar language and scene—Jesus early in the morning in the temple, sitting and teaching with the people gathered to hear him.
- Mark 14:1-2 (thematic): Chief priests and scribes plot to arrest and kill Jesus—parallels Luke's note that the chief priests and scribes sought to destroy him.
- Luke 22:2 (verbal): Same Gospel later explicitly records the chief priests and scribes seeking how to kill Jesus, repeating the motive and actors mentioned in 19:47.
- Matthew 21:23 (thematic): Jesus teaching in the temple is confronted by the chief priests and elders—parallels the clash between Jesus' temple teaching and the religious authorities.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he was teaching daily in the temple. But the chief priests and the scribes and the leaders of the people were seeking to destroy him,
- He taught daily in the temple. The chief priests and the scribes and the leaders of the people were seeking to put him to death,
Luke.19.48 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ουχ: PART,neg
- ευρισκον: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,n
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
- ποιησωσιν: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,pl
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- λαος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- γαρ: PART
- απας: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- εξεκρεματο: VERB,impf,mid/pass,ind,3,sg
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- ακουων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 21:46 (verbal): Synoptic parallel — Jewish leaders seek to seize Jesus but refrain because they fear the crowds who regard him as a prophet, mirroring Luke's note that they could not find what to do because the people hung on his words.
- Mark 11:18 (verbal): Close synoptic parallel — the chief priests and scribes plot to destroy Jesus but are hindered by the popular astonishment at his teaching (all the people), echoing Luke's reason for their impotence.
- Mark 12:12 (verbal): Parallel incident — leaders attempt to lay hands on Jesus after his parable but are deterred by fear of the people; the outcome (they desist because of popular support) matches Luke's description.
- John 12:10–11 (thematic): The chief priests plot to kill Lazarus (and by implication Jesus) because many believed on Jesus through him—another Johannine example of leaders frustrated and driven to violent plotting by the sway Jesus and his signs have over the crowds.
Alternative generated candidates
- and they could not find a way to do it, for all the people were intent on listening to him.
- but they could not find what to do, for all the people were hanging on him, listening.
And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who were selling and those who were buying there,
saying to them, "It is written, 'My house shall be a house of prayer,' but you have made it a den of robbers." And he was teaching in the temple every day. The chief priests and the scribes and the leaders of the people sought to destroy him,
but they could not find any way to do it, for all the people hung on his words.