Allotment East of Jordan
Deuteronomy 3:12-20
Deu.3.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- ירשנו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- בעת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- מערער: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- על: PREP
- נחל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחצי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הגלעד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועריו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,m
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לראובני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולגדי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Deut.3.13 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter repeating the allotment language — rest of Gilead and Bashan, and statement about giving lands to the Reubenites, Gadites, and half-Manasseh.
- Numbers 32:33 (verbal): Directly records Moses' grant of the territory of Og (Gilead/Bashan) to the tribes of Gad, Reuben, and half the tribe of Manasseh, echoing the same allocation.
- Joshua 13:24-28 (structural): Joshua’s summary of the territorial allotments east of the Jordan, listing the towns and boundaries given to Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh — the later book’s restatement of the same settlement.
- Joshua 22:2-6 (thematic): Joshua’s commissioning of the eastern tribes to return to their inheritance across the Jordan — reflects the theme of these tribes receiving and occupying the land east of the Jordan.
- 1 Chronicles 5:10-18 (thematic): Chronicles’ account of the tribes of Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh fighting and dwelling in Gilead/Bashan region, attesting to their settlement east of the Jordan like Deut.3:12.
Alternative generated candidates
- And this land we took possession of at that time: Aroer, which is on the edge of the Arnon Gorge, and half the hill of Gilead — and its towns I gave to the Reubenites and to the Gadites.
- At that time we took possession of this land—from Aroer, which is on the brink of the ravine of Arnon, and half the hill of Gilead—and I gave its towns to the Reubenites and to Gad.
Deu.3.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויתר: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,abs
- הגלעד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ממלכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- עוג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לחצי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- שבט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המנשה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- חבל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- הארגב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לכל: PREP
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- יקרא: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רפאים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 21:33-35 (quotation): Narrates Israel’s defeat of King Og of Bashan and the seizure of his cities — the historical event underlying Deut 3:13’s grant of Bashan/Gilead to Israel.
- Numbers 32:33 (verbal): Specifically records the giving of Gilead and Bashan (the land of Argob) to the half‑tribe of Manasseh, closely matching Deut 3:13’s allocation.
- Joshua 13:29-31 (verbal): Lists the towns and region of Bashan and states that these lands were given to the tribe/half‑tribe of Manasseh — a later allotment statement parallel to Deut 3:13.
- Joshua 12:4-5 (quotation): Summarizes the conquest of Og king of Bashan and lists his kingdom’s territory — a parallel account of the defeat and territorial transfer referenced in Deut 3:13.
- 1 Chronicles 5:21-22 (allusion): Refers to the defeat of the Rephaim and the capture of their land by Israel (including Og’s domain), echoing Deut 3:13’s designation of the region as the land of Rephaim.
Alternative generated candidates
- The rest of Gilead and all Bashan, the kingdom of Og, I gave to the half-tribe of Manasseh; all the region of Argob for all that Bashan — this was called the land of the Rephaim.
- The remainder of Gilead and all Bashan, the kingdom of Og, I gave to the half‑tribe of Manasseh; all the region of Argob, all that Bashan, is called the land of the Rephaim.
Deu.3.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יאיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מנשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לקח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- חבל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- ארגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
- עד: PREP
- גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- הגשורי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- והמעכתי: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,def
- ויקרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- על: PREP
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יאיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
Parallels
- Numbers 32:41 (verbal): Same tradition: Jair son of Manasseh seizes the villages in Argob/Bashan and names them Havoth‑Jair — near‑verbal repetition of the place‑name and action.
- Judges 10:3 (verbal): Repeats the place‑name Havoth‑Jair and attributes a cluster of towns to Jair (son of Manasseh), preserving the same local tradition about those settlements.
- Joshua 13:30-31 (structural): Part of the territorial listings for Bashan/Argob in the allotment of Manasseh, mentioning the same region and the cities associated with Jair — parallel geographical material.
- Numbers 21:33-35 (thematic): Narrates Israel's conquest of Og king of Bashan and the taking of Bashan territory; provides the conquest context that explains later settlement and naming (e.g., Jair's Havoth‑Jair).
Alternative generated candidates
- Jair son of Manasseh took all the region of Argob as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and he called them after his name — Havoth‑Jair — to this day.
- Jair son of Manasseh took all the region of Argob as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and he named them Havoth‑Jair to this day.
Deu.3.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולמכיר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הגלעד: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Numbers 32:39-40 (quotation): Direct repetition of the event: Moses gave Gilead to Machir the son of Manasseh; very similar wording and account of the grant.
- Joshua 13:30-31 (verbal): Describes the territorial allotment in Joshua, attributing Gilead/Bashan to Machir/half-tribe of Manasseh—continuation of the same land grant tradition.
- Genesis 50:23 (allusion): Mentions Machir son of Manasseh in the ancestral/genealogical context, linking Machir to Manasseh and providing background for his claim to Gilead.
- 1 Chronicles 7:14 (verbal): Genealogical notice connecting Machir with Gilead (Machir as ancestor/owner of Gilead), reinforcing the ancestral-territorial association.
- Judges 11:1 (thematic): Refers to Jephthah as a Gileadite; illustrates the later identification and settlement of people in Gilead, reflecting the region’s possession and identity.
Alternative generated candidates
- And to Machir I gave Gilead.
- To Machir I gave Gilead.
Deu.3.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולראובני: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולגדי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- מן: PREP
- הגלעד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- נחל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תוך: PREP
- הנחל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- וגבל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- יבק: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- הנחל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- גבול: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- עמון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 32:1-5 (thematic): The Reubenites and Gad request to settle east of the Jordan (including Gilead and the Arnon/Jabbok region); sets the scene for the territorial grant recorded in Deut 3:16.
- Numbers 32:33-42 (verbal): Gives the specific boundary and settlement activity of Reuben and Gad east of the Jordan (Gilead, Arnon, Jabbok), echoing the same place-names and allotment described in Deut 3:16.
- Joshua 13:24-28 (structural): Joshua’s summary of the land allotments repeats the territories assigned to Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh east of the Jordan, corroborating the limits named in Deut 3:16.
- 1 Chronicles 5:10-17 (allusion): Chronicles recounts the settlement and territorial domain of the Reubenites and Gadites in Gilead and adjacent areas east of the Jordan, reflecting the same tribal allotment tradition found in Deut 3:16.
- Deuteronomy 3:12-13 (structural): Immediate parallel within Deuteronomy: describes the giving of Og’s lands in Bashan (Gilead region) to the half-tribe of Manasseh, showing the broader pattern of eastern allotments including the territory given to Reuben and Gad.
Alternative generated candidates
- To the Reubenites and to the Gadites I gave from Gilead as far as the Arnon River — the middle of the gorge — and the border to the Jabbok River, the border of the Ammonites.
- And to the Reubenites and to Gad I gave from Gilead as far as the Arnon Gorge—its midpoint and its border—and as far as the Jabbok, the border of the Ammonites.
Deu.3.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והערבה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- והירדן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- וגבל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מכנרת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- הערבה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
- המלח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- תחת: PREP
- אשדת: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- הפסגה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- מזרחה: ADV,dir
Parallels
- Numbers 34:11-12 (verbal): Gives a very similar territorial formula — border from the Jordan/Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (Salt Sea), echoing Deut 3:17’s geographic wording.
- Numbers 32:34-38 (verbal): Records the allotment of towns and territory in Transjordan to Reuben and Gad (Aroer, Jabbok, Gilead), overlapping the same region named in Deut 3:17.
- Joshua 13:27-28 (verbal): Joshua’s allotment to Reuben describes borders reaching to the sea of Chinnereth and along the Jordan, paralleling Deut 3:17’s boundary description.
- Joshua 12:2-4 (thematic): Lists the kings and territories of Sihon and Og conquered east of the Jordan; Deut 3:17 situates the land taken from these kings and given to Israel.
- 1 Chronicles 5:10-18 (thematic): Summarizes the victories and settlement of the Reubenites, Gadites, and half‑tribe of Manasseh in Bashan/Gilead — the same Transjordan region delineated in Deut 3:17.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the Arabah and the Jordan were the boundary, from the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea, below the slopes of Mount Pisgah, eastward.
- Also the Arabah and the Jordan, with its border from the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah—the Salt Sea—below the slopes of Pisgah eastward.
Deu.3.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואצו: VERB,qal,impf,1,comm,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- בעת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- לרשתה: INF,qal,3,f,sg
- חלוצים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תעברו: VERB,qal,imf,2,m,pl
- לפני: PREP
- אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 32:20–27 (verbal): Reuben, Gad (and half‑tribe of Manasseh) agree to cross over 'armed before the children of Israel' to help them possess the land — language and arrangement parallel Deut 3:18.
- Joshua 1:14–15 (verbal): Joshua repeats the instruction that the fighting men shall 'pass over armed before your brothers' until the LORD gives rest and the eastern tribes return to their possession — an explicit restatement of Deut 3:18–20.
- Joshua 22:3–4 (thematic): Joshua recounts that the Transjordan tribes fought alongside their brethren and remained until Israel possessed the land, reflecting the same covenantal/military arrangement behind Deut 3:18.
- Deuteronomy 3:20 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same command/narrative: further instruction about the armed men passing over, remaining until brothers possess the land, and then returning to inherit their holdings.
- 1 Chronicles 5:18–22 (thematic): A summary of the eastern tribes’ warfare beyond the Jordan under God’s help; thematically parallels the role of 'all the men of valor' crossing armed to secure the land in Deut 3:18.
Alternative generated candidates
- And I commanded you at that time, saying, “The LORD your God has given you this land to possess; every valiant man shall pass over before your brothers the people of Israel.”
- At that time I commanded you, saying, “The LORD your God has given you this land to possess; you shall pass before your brothers the Israelites—all the warriors.”
Deu.3.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- רק: PRT
- נשיכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2mp
- וטפכם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF,2mp
- ומקנכם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2mp
- ידעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- כי: CONJ
- מקנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רב: ADJ,m,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בעריכם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+2mp
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 32:18-19 (verbal): Nearly identical instruction in the earlier account of the Reubenites and Gadites: their little ones, wives and cattle are to remain in the cities given them while the warriors cross over to fight for the land.
- Numbers 32:20-22 (structural): Continuation of the Numbers episode that mirrors Deut.3.19’s arrangement — the condition that the warriors pass over armed and not return to their homes until their brethren have rest, then go back to their possessions.
- Joshua 22:3-5 (thematic): Joshua’s charge to the two and a half tribes echoes the same practical arrangement: they are blessed to return to their own land and are commended to keep faith with their brethren while settling their households and livestock.
- 1 Chronicles 5:18-22 (thematic): A later historical summary of the same tribes’ military service and settlement east of Jordan; it recounts their campaigns and the arrangement by which families/resources remained in the settlements.
Alternative generated candidates
- Only your wives, your little ones, and your livestock I know — you have much cattle — shall remain in your cities that I have given you.
- But your wives, your children, and your livestock—I know you have much livestock—shall remain in the towns that I have given you.
Deu.3.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עד: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יניח: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאחיכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUF,2,m,pl
- ככם: PREP+PRON,2mp
- וירשו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- גם: ADV
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- בעבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ושבתם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לירשתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+SUF,3,m,sg
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 32:20-22 (verbal): Moses' original instruction to the tribes of Reuben and Gad: they must cross armed to help until the LORD gives rest to their brothers, then return to inherit their allotted land—very close in wording and intent.
- Joshua 1:14-15 (quotation): Joshua repeats Moses' command to the trans-Jordanian tribes that they remain with the fighting until the LORD gives rest to their brothers, after which each may return to his possession.
- Joshua 22:4 (quotation): Joshua's commissioning of the eastern tribes uses the same formula ('until the LORD gives rest to your brothers...'), reaffirming the condition for their return to the lands given them beyond the Jordan.
- Joshua 13:8-13 (thematic): Describes the allocation of the lands of Sihon and Og to Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh beyond the Jordan—provides territorial background to the inheritance mentioned in Deut 3:20.
Alternative generated candidates
- Until the LORD gives rest to your brothers as to you, and they also inherit the land which the LORD your God gives them beyond the Jordan; then you shall return, each man to his possession that I have given you.
- Until the LORD gives your brothers rest as he has given you, and they also inherit the land which the LORD your God gives them across the Jordan; then each of you shall return to the possession that I have given you.
And at that time we took possession of this land—from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and half the hill of Gilead—and its towns I gave to the Reubenites and to the Gadites. But the rest of Gilead and all Bashan, the kingdom of Og, I gave to the half-tribe of Manasseh; all the region of Argob, all that Bashan, is called the land of the Rephaim.
Jair son of Manasseh took all the region of Argob as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and he called them by his name—Havoth Jair—until this day. And to Machir I gave Gilead. And to the Reubenites and to the Gadites I gave from Gilead to the Arnon Gorge—the valley being the border—and as far as the Jabbok stream, the boundary of the people of Ammon. And the Arabah and the Jordan were the boundary, from the Sea of Galilee to the Salt Sea—the Dead Sea—under the slopes of Pisgah eastward. And I charged you at that time, saying, “The LORD your God has given you this land to possess; you shall pass over before your brothers, the sons of Israel—every valiant warrior.”
Only your wives, your little ones, and your livestock—I know you have much livestock—shall remain in the towns that I have given you.
Until the LORD gives rest to your brothers as he has to you, and they too possess the land that the LORD your God will give them beyond the Jordan; then you shall return, every man, to the possession I have given you.