Victory over Og
Deuteronomy 3:1-11
Deu.3.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונפן: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,pl
- ונעל: VERB,qal,wayy,3,m,sg
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- עוג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לקראתנו: PREP+NOUN,fs,sg,abs+PRON,1,pl
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- למלחמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אדרעי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 21:33-35 (quotation): Direct narrative parallel describing Israel's encounter with Og king of Bashan at Edrei and Israel's victory; many of the same place‑names and actions appear here.
- Deuteronomy 2:31-37 (verbal): Earlier Deuteronomy passage recounting the sequence of leaving the land of the sons of Esau and subsequently defeating Sihon and Og; parallels the report of marching into Bashan and the divine grant of their land.
- Joshua 12:4-5 (structural): Part of Joshua’s summary list of kings defeated by Israel, naming Og king of Bashan and situating his defeat among the conquests that gave Israel possession of the Transjordan territories.
- Deuteronomy 3:11 (allusion): Later verse in the same chapter that alludes to the defeated king of Bashan by mentioning Og’s enormous iron bed as a remnant/testimony to Israel’s victory over the giant king.
Alternative generated candidates
- And we turned and went up the way to Bashan. Og king of Bashan came out to meet us, he and all his people, for battle at Edrei.
- Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan; Og king of Bashan came out to meet us—he and all his people—to do battle at Edrei.
Deu.3.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- אל: NEG
- תירא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- כי: CONJ
- בידך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff,2,m,sg
- נתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- ארצו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,ms
- ועשית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- כאשר: CONJ
- עשית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לסיחן: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- האמרי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יושב: VERB,qal,ptcp,1,m,sg
- בחשבון: PREP
Parallels
- Numbers 21:21-35 (verbal): The fuller narrative of the same episode: Israel's envoys to Sihon, Sihon's refusal, the ensuing battle, and Israel's victory—language and events parallel Deut 3:2's report that God gave Sihon, his people, and his land into Israel's hand.
- Deuteronomy 2:31-33 (structural): Immediate Deuteronomic context: God tells Moses not to fear Sihon and promises to give him and his land; Deut 3:2 echoes and applies that promise, referring back to the Sihon episode.
- Joshua 12:2-3 (thematic): Summarizes the conquest by listing kings defeated by Israel, including Sihon and Og, confirming the Deuteronomic claim that their lands were taken and became Israelite territory.
- 1 Chronicles 5:10 (allusion): Chronicles' account recalls Israel's defeat of Sihon (and taking of his land) in the tradition of Israelite conquest, reflecting the same historical memory cited in Deut 3:2.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD said to me, Do not be afraid of him; for I have given him into your hand, and all his people, and his land; do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon.
- And the LORD said to me, "Do not fear him; for I have given him into your hand, and all his people, and his land; do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon."
Deu.3.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- בידנו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,_,pl
- גם: ADV
- את: PRT,acc
- עוג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ונכהו: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,pl+obj3,m,sg
- עד: PREP
- בלתי: NEG
- השאיר: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- שריד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 21:33-35 (verbal): Parallel narrative account of Israel's defeat of Og king of Bashan—same campaign and outcome, recounting that the LORD delivered Og into Israel's hand and they smote him and his people.
- Joshua 12:4 (structural): Summary list of conquered kings; explicitly names Og king of Bashan among the kings defeated by Israel, echoing Deut 3:3's report of his destruction.
- Joshua 13:12 (thematic): Describes the allocation of the former territory of Og (all Bashan) to the half-tribe of Manasseh, linking the military victory in Deut 3:3 to the territorial consequence.
- Psalm 135:10 (allusion): Poetic recollection that God struck down great kings, naming Sihon and Og; this liturgical reference alludes to the same divine deliverance recounted in Deut 3:3.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD our God delivered him before us; and we struck him, and his sons, and all his people, until there was no survivor left to him.
- So the LORD our God also gave Og king of Bashan into our hand, and we struck him and his sons and all his people until there was no survivor left him.
Deu.3.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונלכד: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- עריו: NOUN,f,pl,cs+3ms
- בעת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- היתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- קריה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- לקחנו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- מאתם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ששים: NUM,card
- עיר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- חבל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- ארגב: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
- ממלכת: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- עוג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בבשן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 21:33-35 (quotation): Gives the same report of Israel's defeat of Og king of Bashan and the seizure of all his cities—'there was not a city which we took not of them, sixty cities'—language closely parallels Deut 3:4.
- Joshua 12:4 (verbal): Summarizes the conquered territory of Og king of Bashan and explicitly lists the 'sixty cities' of the region of Argob, echoing the same place-names and number.
- Joshua 13:11-12 (thematic): Describes the extent of Og's kingdom in Bashan and notes the later possession of the Argob region (Bashan of Jair), connecting to the theme of Israel's conquest and allocation of those towns.
- Deuteronomy 3:11 (structural): Within the same chapter, this verse mentions Og's enormous iron bed (or couch) and reinforces the identification of Og and his realm in Bashan described in 3:4, linking the conquest narrative to a concrete trophy.
Alternative generated candidates
- At that time we took all his cities; there was not a city which we did not take from them—sixty cities, all the region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
- And at that time we captured all his cities; there was not a city that we did not take from them—sixty cities, all the region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
Deu.3.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בצרות: ADJ,ptc,pass,f,pl
- חומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- גבהה: ADJ,f,sg
- דלתים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ובריח: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבד: PREP
- מערי: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,cs
- הפרזי: ADJ,m,pl,def
- הרבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מאד: ADV
Parallels
- Numbers 13:28 (verbal): The spies report that the land's cities are "fortified and very large," echoing Deut.3:5's description of cities with high walls, gates and bars.
- Deut.1:28 (verbal): Earlier Deuteronomic report that the cities are "great and fenced up to heaven"—a closely parallel description of heavily fortified cities.
- Numbers 21:33-35 (structural): Narrative of Israel's conquest of Og in Bashan and capture of his cities (sixty cities in Argob), the same campaign whose fortified towns Deut.3:5 summarizes.
- Joshua 13:31 (allusion): Joshua's territorial summary lists the cities/region of Og/Bashan (Ashtaroth, Edrei, Argob) and functions as a later reference to the same fortified towns described in Deut.3:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- All these were cities with fortified walls, gates, and bars—besides unwalled towns a very many.
- All these were cities with lofty, fortified walls, gates and bars; besides very many unwalled villages.
Deu.3.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונחרם: VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
- אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
- כאשר: CONJ
- עשינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- לסיחן: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- חשבון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- החרם: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- כל: DET
- עיר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מתם: PRON,3,pl,gen
- הנשים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- והטף: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Numbers 21:24-25 (verbal): Narrates the defeat of Sihon and the taking of his cities, using language of destroying men, women, and children—closely parallel wording and the same episode referenced in Deut 3:6.
- Deut.2:32-33 (verbal): An earlier recounting within Deuteronomy of taking Sihon's cities and utterly destroying the inhabitants; virtually the same report and phrasing (herem/utter destruction).
- 1 Samuel 15:3 (thematic): God's command to Saul to put the Amalekites under herem—'utterly destroy men and women, infants and sucklings'—parallels the practice and theological rationale of devoting populations to destruction.
- Joshua 11:11 (thematic): Describes Joshua's destruction of cities and kings and the complete annihilation of peoples (utmost destruction), reflecting the same conquest motif of total devastation under divine sanction as in Deut 3:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- And we devoted them to destruction, as we had done to Sihon king of Heshbon; we put them under the ban—men, women, and children.
- And we devoted them to destruction, as we had done to Sihon king of Heshbon—we put every city under the ban, men, women and children.
Deu.3.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- הבהמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ושלל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הערים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- בזונו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
Parallels
- Deut.2.33-34 (verbal): Immediate Deuteronomic context describing the defeat of Og/Bashan and taking of his cities; language and action (taking cities and spoil) closely parallel 3:7.
- Numbers 21:33-35 (verbal): Pentateuchal account of the campaign against Og in Bashan — 'they took all his cities' and related wording echo Deut 3:7's report of livestock and spoil taken.
- Joshua 13:12 (structural): Joshua's settlement/territorial summary names the kingdom of Og in Bashan (Ashtaroth, Edrei) — a structural parallel locating the same conquest and its spoils in the settlement tradition.
- Numbers 31:7-12 (thematic): After the Midianite campaign Israelite troops take livestock, spoil, and captives; thematically parallels the practice of taking flocks and plunder reported in Deut 3:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- And all the livestock and the spoil of the cities we took for ourselves as plunder.
- And all the livestock and the spoil of the cities we took for ourselves.
Deu.3.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונקח: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,pl
- בעת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- מיד: PREP
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- מלכי: NOUN,pl,m,cons
- האמרי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בעבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מנחל: PREP
- ארנן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- חרמון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Deut.3.1-7 (structural): Immediate context: the account of Moses' defeat of Og king of Bashan and the taking of his land — the chapter frames the conquest 'beyond the Jordan' that verse 3:8 summarizes.
- Deut.2.31-37 (thematic): Parallel narrative of taking the land from Sihon king of the Amorites (east of the Jordan, along the Arnon) — same campaign and territorial limits described earlier in Moses' retelling.
- Numbers 21:21-35 (verbal): Narrative of Israel's battles with Sihon and Og, including capture of their cities and possession of territory 'from Aroer by the Arnon' to the region of Bashan — closely parallels the geographic sweep in Deut 3:8.
- Joshua 12:2-4 (structural): Joshua's summary list of defeated kings east of the Jordan (including Sihon and Og) — a later canonical recap of the same conquests mentioned in Deut 3:8.
- Joshua 13:11-12 (verbal): Description of Og's domain 'from Aroer by the rim of the Arnon to Mount Hermon' and the kingdom of Bashan — repeats the specific territorial language found in Deut 3:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- At that time we took the land from the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the Arnon Brook to Mount Hermon.
- At that time we took the land from the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the valley of Arnon to Mount Hermon.
Deu.3.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- צידנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יקראו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- לחרמון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שרין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- והאמרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- יקראו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- שניר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 29:6 (verbal): Uses the Sidonian name 'Sirion' (Hebrew שִׁירִיּוֹן) for Mount Hermon, the same alternate name cited in Deut 3:9.
- Psalm 133:3 (thematic): Speaks of the 'dew of Hermon' falling on Zion, echoing the use and significance of Mount Hermon as a named landmark.
- Joshua 11:17 (structural): Mentions 'Mount Hermon' in a geographic/boundary context ('below Mount Hermon'), paralleling Deut 3:9's identification of the mountain and its place in territorial description.
Alternative generated candidates
- The Sidonians call Hermon Sirion, and the Amorites call it Senir.
- The Sidonians call Hermon Sirion, and the Amorites call it Senir.
Deu.3.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המישר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- הגלעד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- סלכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ואדרעי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ערי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- ממלכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- עוג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בבשן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 21:33–35 (quotation): Narrative account of Israel’s victory over King Og of Bashan, mentioning Edrei and the taking of his cities — the same conquest referred to in Deut 3:10.
- Joshua 12:3–4 (structural): Summary list of defeated kings east of the Jordan including Og king of Bashan and the cities of his domain, paralleling Deut 3:10’s territorial claim.
- Joshua 13:12 (verbal): Description of the extent of Og’s kingdom in Bashan and its sixty cities (Argob), echoing Deut 3:10’s reference to the cities of Gilead and Bashan.
- Numbers 32:33–38 (thematic): Account of the Gadites/Reubenites settling and building towns in Gilead and Bashan — reflects the same geographic locales (cities of Gilead/Bashan) named in Deut 3:10.
- Deuteronomy 3:11 (verbal): Immediate context in the same chapter: further detail about Og (his iron bed/size) and the conquest of his realm in Bashan, directly connected to the cities listed in 3:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- All the cities of Jair, all Gilead, and all Bashan to Salcah and Edrei—these were the cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
- All the cities of the plain, and all Gilead, and all Bashan up to Salcah and Edrei—these are the cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
Deu.3.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- רק: PRT
- עוג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הבשן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נשאר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מיתר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הרפאים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הנה: PART
- ערשו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,pr,3,m,sg
- ערש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ברזל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הלה: DEM
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ברבת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- עמון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תשע: NUM,card
- אמות: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- ארכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וארבע: CONJ,NUM,card,f,sg
- אמות: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- רחבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- באמת: ADV
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 21:33-35 (verbal): Describes Israel’s defeat of Og king of Bashan at Edrei and the destruction of his cities — the same campaign whose outcome and Og’s status are summarized in Deut 3:11.
- Deut 3:1-10 (structural): Immediate narrative context recounting the battles against Sihon and Og and the conquest of Bashan; Deut 3:11 functions as a concluding, striking detail within this account.
- Joshua 12:4 (structural): A summary list of kings defeated by Israel that includes Og king of Bashan — a parallel administrative/annalistic notice of the same victory mentioned in Deut 3:11.
- Joshua 13:12 (thematic): Notes the territory taken from the kingdom of Og in Bashan and its allocation to Israel — echoes Deut 3:11’s concern with Og, his realm, and its absorption by Israel.
- Numbers 13:33 (thematic): The spies’ report about seeing 'Nephilim' (giants) connects to Deut 3:11’s reference to Og as the remnant of the Rephaim/giants, situating Og within the broader Israelite memory of prehistoric 'giants.'
Alternative generated candidates
- For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of the Rephaim. Behold, his bedstead—an iron bedstead!—is it not in Rabbah of the sons of Ammon? Nine cubits its length, and four cubits its breadth, according to the cubit of a man.
- For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of the Rephaim. Behold, his bedstead—an iron bed—was in Rabbah of the sons of Ammon; it was nine cubits long and four cubits wide, according to the common cubit.
Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan came out to meet us—he and all his people—for battle at Edrei. And the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him; for I have delivered him into your hand, with all his people and his land; do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt at Heshbon.” So the LORD our God delivered Og king of Bashan and all his people into our hand, and we struck them down until there was no remnant left to him.
At that time we captured all his cities; there was not a city that we did not take from them—sixty cities, all the region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
All these cities were fortified with high walls, gates, and bars; besides these there were many unwalled villages. And we devoted them to destruction, as we had done to Sihon king of Heshbon; we put every city under the ban—men, women, and children.
All the cattle and the spoil of the cities we took for ourselves.
At that time we took the land from the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, from the Arnon to Mount Hermon.
Sidonians call Hermon Sirion, and the Amorites call it Senir.
All the plateau, all Gilead, and all Bashan to Salecah and Edrei—these were the cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of the Rephaim. Behold, his bed—an iron bed—is in Rabbah of the Ammonites; nine cubits its length and four cubits its breadth, by the standard of a man.