Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance

Ezekiel 18:1-32

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:

Eze.18.1 - Details

Original Text

ויהי דבר־ יהוה אלי לאמר׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 1:4 (verbal): Uses the same prophetic formula ('Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying…')—a direct verbal/structural parallel introducing an oracle to the prophet.
  • Micah 1:1 (structural): Superscription formula ('The word of the LORD that came to Micah…')—a closely related structural way of introducing prophetic messages.
  • Zechariah 1:7 (verbal): Begins with 'the word of the LORD came unto Zechariah…'—another instance of the identical prophetic introductory formula.
  • Amos 3:1 (thematic): 'Hear this word that the LORD hath spoken…'—different wording but the same functional introduction of an oracle addressed to Israel; thematically parallels the opening of a prophetic speech.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:
  • And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:
2 Why do you use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying, ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge’?

Eze.18.2 - Details

Original Text

מה־ לכם אתם משלים את־ המשל הזה על־ אדמת ישראל לאמר אבות יאכלו בסר ושני הבנים תקהינה׃

Morphology

  • מה: PRON,int
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • משלים: VERB,qal,ptcp,ms
  • את: PRT,acc
  • המשל: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • אדמת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • אבות: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • יאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בסר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושני: CONJ+NUM,card,m,pl
  • הבנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • תקהינה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 31:29 (quotation): Directly cites the same proverb: 'The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge,' and announces its end in the future restoration context.
  • Exodus 20:5 (verbal): Speaks of God 'visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children,' expressing the idea of intergenerational punishment that Ezekiel 18:2 challenges.
  • Numbers 14:18 (verbal): Uses similar language about God 'visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children'—a canonical expression of collective generational consequence echoed by the proverb.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Legal principle rejecting corporate liability for capital punishment—'parents shall not be put to death for their children'—relates to the theme of individual responsibility countering the proverb's logic.
  • Ezekiel 18:20 (structural): Immediate counter-statement within the same chapter: 'The soul who sins shall die,' asserting individual moral responsibility in direct response to the proverb quoted in 18:2.

Alternative generated candidates

  • What is this proverb that you employ in the land of Israel—saying, 'The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge'?
  • What do you mean by using this proverb in the land of Israel, saying, 'The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge'?
3 As I live, declares the LORD GOD, you shall no more use this proverb in Israel.

Eze.18.3 - Details

Original Text

חי־ אני נאם אדני יהוה אם־ יהיה לכם עוד משל המשל הזה בישראל׃

Morphology

  • חי: ADJ,m,sg
  • אני: PRON,1,sg
  • נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אם: CONJ
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • עוד: ADV
  • משל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • המשל: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • בישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:2 (quotation): The immediate proverb addressed by 18:3 — 'The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge' — which Ezekiel 18:3 says must no longer be used in Israel.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (thematic): Repeats the same proverb about fathers and children and, like Ezekiel 18, anticipates reversal toward individual responsibility for sin.
  • Ezekiel 18:4 (structural): Immediate continuation of 18:3; declares the principle that 'the soul that sins shall die,' explicitly rejecting the proverb and asserting individual accountability.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Affirms a related legal principle that individuals are punished for their own sins rather than for the sins of their parents, paralleling Ezekiel's rejection of collective familial blame.
  • Ezekiel 33:11 (verbal): Uses the same divine oath formula 'As I live, saith the Lord GOD' and echoes the theme of God's desire that the wicked turn from his way and live rather than die.

Alternative generated candidates

  • As I live, declares the Lord GOD, you shall no longer use this proverb in Israel.
  • As I live, declares the Lord GOD, you shall no longer use this proverb in Israel.
4 Behold, all souls are mine; the soul of the father as well as the soul of the son is mine. The soul who sins shall die.

Eze.18.4 - Details

Original Text

הן כל־ הנפשות לי הנה כנפש האב וכנפש הבן לי־ הנה הנפש החטאת היא תמות׃

Morphology

  • הן: PART
  • כל: DET
  • הנפשות: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • הנה: PART
  • כנפש: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • האב: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • וכנפש: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הבן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • הנה: PART
  • הנפש: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • החטאת: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • תמות: VERB,qal,yiqtol,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): Repeats and develops the same formula: 'the soul who sins shall die' — immediate restatement within the same chapter emphasizing individual responsibility.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Closely related theme of personal responsibility: 'Each person shall be put to death for his own sin' (parents not punished for children and vice versa).
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (verbal): Echoes the protest against the proverb about inherited guilt and affirms that 'every one shall die for his own iniquity,' paralleling Ezekiel's rejection of collective inherited culpability.
  • Exodus 20:5 (allusion): Presents the contrasting legal/theological language about God 'visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children,' which Ezekiel 18 implicitly counters by insisting on individual liability.
  • Ezekiel 18:2 (structural): Contextual precursor: cites the common proverb ('The fathers have eaten sour grapes…') that Ezekiel 18:4 refutes, framing the chapter's argument against inherited guilt.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Behold, all souls are mine; the soul of the father as well as the soul of the son is mine. The soul who sins shall die.
  • Behold, all souls are mine; the soul of the father as well as the soul of the son is mine. The soul who sins shall die.
5 If a man is righteous and does what is just and right,

Eze.18.5 - Details

Original Text

ואיש כי־ יהיה צדיק ועשה משפט וצדקה׃

Morphology

  • ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועשה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 16:20 (verbal): Commands pursuit of justice ('Justice, and only justice, you shall pursue'), echoing Ezekiel's emphasis on doing justice as constitutive of righteousness.
  • Proverbs 21:3 (verbal): Explicitly values doing righteousness and justice over sacrifice ('To do righteousness and justice is more acceptable to the LORD than sacrifice'), closely paralleling Ezek. 18:5's pairing of righteousness and just action.
  • Micah 6:8 (thematic): Summarizes divine requirement as doing justice, loving kindness, and walking humbly—resonates with Ezekiel's linking of personal righteousness to just conduct.
  • Isaiah 1:17 (thematic): Calls Israel to 'learn to do good; seek justice' and defend the vulnerable, reflecting Ezekiel's insistence that true righteousness is shown in just behavior.
  • Amos 5:24 (thematic): Demands that justice flow like a river ('But let justice roll down like waters'), underscoring the prophetic theme that genuine piety is realized in just action as in Ezek. 18:5.

Alternative generated candidates

  • If a man is righteous, and does justice and righteousness,
  • If a man is righteous and does what is just and right,
6 if he does not eat upon the mountains, nor lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, nor defile his neighbor’s wife, nor draw near to a woman in her uncleanness,

Eze.18.6 - Details

Original Text

אל־ ההרים לא אכל ועיניו לא נשא אל־ גלולי בית ישראל ואת־ אשת רעהו לא טמא ואל־ אשה נדה לא יקרב׃

Morphology

  • אל: NEG
  • ההרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ועיניו: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • נשא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • גלולי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
  • רעהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • טמא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ואל: CONJ+PREP
  • אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • נדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יקרב: VERB,qal,impr,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Leviticus 18:19 (verbal): Directly prohibits approaching a menstruant woman ('do not approach a woman in her impurity'), echoing Ezek. 18:6's 'אל־ אשה נדה לא יקרב'.
  • Leviticus 18:20 (verbal): Forbids sexual relations with a neighbor's wife—parallels Ezek. 18:6's prohibition against defiling oneself with another man's wife.
  • Exodus 20:14 (verbal): The Decalogue's command 'You shall not commit adultery' provides the covenantal legal background for Ezekiel's moral stipulation about fidelity.
  • Deuteronomy 12:2-4 (thematic): Commands destruction of high-place worship and forbids imitating pagan practices 'on the high mountains,' resonating with Ezek. 18:6's 'אל־ ההרים לא אכל' (not eating on the high places).
  • Ezekiel 20:7-8 (thematic): Intra-Ezekiel parallel: condemns Israel's idolatrous worship on high places and other defilements—echoes the same concerns about idolatry and sexual impurity found in 18:6.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if he does not eat upon the mountains, and does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel; if he does not defile his neighbor's wife, and does not approach a woman in her impurity;
  • if he does not eat upon the mountains, and does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, does not defile his neighbor's wife, and does not come near a menstruous woman,
7 if he has not wronged anyone, but restores the pledge, does not rob, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment,

Eze.18.7 - Details

Original Text

ואיש לא יונה חבלתו חוב ישיב גזלה לא יגזל לחמו לרעב יתן ועירם יכסה־ בגד׃

Morphology

  • ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יונה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • חבלתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • חוב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישיב: VERB,hifil,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • גזלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יגזל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לחמו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:3,m,sg
  • לרעב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יתן: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
  • ועירם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,3mp
  • יכסה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בגד: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Isaiah 58:7 (verbal): Directly echoes language and obligations: share your bread with the hungry and cover the naked — same ethical acts of feeding the hungry and clothing the naked.
  • Deuteronomy 24:10-13 (verbal): Prescribes returning a debtor’s pledge (do not withhold a cloak overnight) — parallels Ezekiel’s demand to restore a borrower’s security and not oppress.
  • Leviticus 25:35-37 (allusion): Commands care for the poor of Israel and forbids charging interest to kin — resonates with Ezekiel’s prohibition of usury and mandate to aid the needy.
  • Job 31:16-22 (thematic): Job’s protest that he fed the poor, clothed the naked, and helped strangers parallels Ezekiel’s portrait of the righteous who give bread to the hungry and clothe the naked.
  • Matthew 25:35-36 (thematic): Jesus’ list of righteous acts (feeding the hungry, clothing the naked) echoes Ezekiel’s emphasis that such deeds mark the righteous person.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if he keeps his hand from wrong, restores the pledge, does not steal, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment;
  • if he has not wronged anyone, has returned the pledge, has not robbed, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment,
8 if he withholds his hand from extortion, gives no interest and takes no increase, but keeps my statutes and executes true justice between man and man,

Eze.18.8 - Details

Original Text

בנשך לא־ יתן ותרבית לא יקח מעול ישיב ידו משפט אמת יעשה בין איש לאיש׃

Morphology

  • בנשך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתן: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
  • ותרבית: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יקח: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • מעול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישיב: VERB,hifil,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • בין: PREP
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לאיש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Psalm 15:5 (verbal): Describes the righteous as one who 'does not put out his money at interest' and 'accepts no bribe,' closely matching Ezekiel's prohibition of taking interest/usury and insistence on integrity in judgment.
  • Exodus 22:25 (thematic): Legal injunction forbidding charging interest to a poor Israelite borrower; parallels Ezekiel's prohibition against taking increase/usury as part of righteous conduct.
  • Leviticus 25:35-37 (thematic): Commands support for needy kin and explicitly forbids lending at interest to a brother; echoes Ezekiel's combination of care for the vulnerable and prohibition of usury.
  • Deuteronomy 24:10-13 (verbal): Regulation requiring the prompt return of a neighbor's pledge (collateral); parallels Ezekiel's phrase about returning a pledge ('yashiv yado'), a concrete element of just behavior.
  • Isaiah 33:15 (thematic): Portrays the upright as those who keep their hands from unjust gain and judge rightly—resonates with Ezekiel's call to 'withhold the hand from iniquity' and to do true judgment between people.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if he withholds his hand from extortion, does not give interest and does not take increase, and keeps my statutes so as to walk in my ordinances—
  • if he has not lent at interest, nor taken increase, and has withdrawn his hand from iniquity, and has executed true judgment between man and man,
9 he walks in my ordinances and keeps my statutes to deal faithfully—he is righteous; he shall surely live, declares the LORD GOD.

Eze.18.9 - Details

Original Text

בחקותי יהלך ומשפטי שמר לעשות אמת צדיק הוא חיה יחיה נאם אדני יהוה׃

Morphology

  • בחקותי: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs,pss=1s
  • יהלך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ומשפטי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,sg
  • שמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
  • אמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • חיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Leviticus 18:5 (verbal): Both passages link obedience to God's statutes and judgments with life—'keep my statutes...if a person does them he shall live' echoing Ezekiel's 'walks in my statutes...he shall live.'
  • Habakkuk 2:4 (thematic): Famous parallel language about the righteous and life ('the righteous shall live by his faith/faithfulness'); both texts connect the character of the righteous with life before God.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Declares individual responsibility for sin—'each shall die for his own sin'—which undergirds Ezekiel 18's emphasis that the righteous who keeps God's ways will live.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (thematic): Rejects the proverb of intergenerational punishment ('the fathers have eaten sour grapes...'), affirming that each person bears responsibility—parallel to Ezekiel 18's argument about personal righteousness and life.
  • Ezekiel 33:14-16 (verbal): A later Ezekiel passage that repeats and develops the same formula: if the righteous turns from his righteousness and does right, he shall live—close verbal and theological parallel within Ezekiel.

Alternative generated candidates

  • he is righteous; he shall surely live, declares the Lord GOD.
  • who keeps my statutes and walks in my ordinances; he does that which is just and right—he is righteous; he shall surely live, declares the Lord GOD.
10 And if he fathers a son who is a reckless man, who sheds blood and does any of these things,

Eze.18.10 - Details

Original Text

והוליד בן־ פריץ שפך דם ועשה אח מאחד מאלה׃

Morphology

  • והוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פריץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שפך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ועשה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מאחד: PREP+NUM,card,sg
  • מאלה: PREP+DEM

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:4 (structural): States the chapter's principle that the soul who sins shall die — provides the theological framework for the son's culpability in v.10.
  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): Explicitly affirms that a son will not bear his father's guilt and that the righteous and wicked each bear their own way — directly related to the son's murderous act and its consequences.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Law forbidding punishment of children for parents (and vice versa); reflects the same concern for individual responsibility found in Ezekiel 18.
  • Genesis 9:6 (verbal): Declares that whoever sheds human blood, by humans shall his blood be shed — echoes the language and consequence of 'shedding blood' (שפך דם) in v.10.
  • Deuteronomy 19:11-13 (allusion): Laws concerning intentional murder and the avenger of blood emphasize the community/legal response to bloodshed, paralleling the seriousness of the son's act in v.10.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But if he begets a son who is violent, a shedder of blood, who does any of these things,
  • But he fathers a son who is a violent man, who sheds blood and does any of these things,
11 who eats on the high places, lifts up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

Eze.18.11 - Details

Original Text

והוא את־ כל־ אלה לא עשה כי גם אל־ ההרים אכל ואת־ אשת רעהו טמא׃

Morphology

  • והוא: CONJ+PRON,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • אלה: DEM,pl,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • גם: ADV
  • אל: NEG
  • ההרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • אכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
  • רעהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • טמא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Leviticus 18:20 (verbal): Prohibits sexual relations with a neighbor's wife—direct legal parallel to Ezek. 18:11's accusation of defiling a neighbor's wife.
  • Exodus 20:14 (quotation): The Decalogue's command 'You shall not commit adultery' corresponds verbally and ethically to Ezekiel's condemnation of adultery.
  • Deuteronomy 12:2-3 (thematic): Commands removal of altars and high-place worship; thematically relates to Ezek. 18:11's reference to feasting/ritual activity 'on the mountains' (high places) and forbids participation in cultic practices there.
  • Psalm 15:1-5 (thematic): Portrait of the righteous who 'does not slander,' 'does no wrong to a neighbor,' and 'honors what is worthy'—a thematic parallel to Ezekiel's listing of deeds the righteous avoids (including adultery and oppression).

Alternative generated candidates

  • and the son sees all the sins that his father has done and sees and does not do likewise;
  • and when he has done all these, he eats upon the mountains and defiles his neighbor's wife;
12 who oppresses the poor and needy, wrongfully seizes the pledge, refuses to restore what he took by robbery,

Eze.18.12 - Details

Original Text

עני ואביון הונה גזלות גזל חבל לא ישיב ואל־ הגלולים נשא עיניו תועבה עשה׃

Morphology

  • עני: ADJ,m,sg
  • ואביון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הונה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • גזלות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • גזל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חבל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ישיב: VERB,hifil,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • ואל: CONJ+PREP
  • הגלולים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • עיניו: NOUN,f,pl,suff
  • תועבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:9 (structural): Within the same chapter a parallel description of the righteous person who 'does not oppress the poor, returns pledges,' etc., providing a direct structural and thematic contrast to v.12's depiction of oppression and idolatry.
  • Deuteronomy 24:12-13 (verbal): Law concerning the return of a pledged cloak to a needy neighbor; directly echoes Ezekiel's complaint that the wrongdoer 'does not restore' what was taken as a pledge.
  • Leviticus 19:13 (verbal): The command 'You shall not defraud your neighbor or rob him' parallels the condemnation of exploiting the poor and committing robbery in Ezekiel 18:12.
  • Hosea 4:1-2 (allusion): Links social injustice (lying, murder, theft) with religious failure; echoes Ezekiel's coupling of oppression of the poor with idolatrous/abominable practices.
  • Isaiah 1:15-17 (thematic): God repudiates worship that coexists with injustice and calls for learning to 'do good, seek justice, defend the oppressed,' a moral critique that parallels Ezekiel's rebuke of those who worship yet mistreat the needy.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if he does not eat upon the mountains, does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, does not defile his neighbor's wife,
  • he wrongs the poor and needy, robs by violence, does not restore the pledge, lifts up his eyes to the idols, commits abominations;
13 who gives usury or takes increase, who leads others into these abominations—shall such a one live? He shall not; he has committed all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood is upon him.

Eze.18.13 - Details

Original Text

בנשך נתן ותרבית לקח וחי לא יחיה את כל־ התועבות האלה עשה מות יומת דמיו בו יהיה׃

Morphology

  • בנשך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ותרבית: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לקח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • וחי: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • התועבות: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • האלה: DEM,pl
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מות: VERB,qal,infabs
  • יומת: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
  • דמיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg
  • בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:10-12 (structural): Immediate context — the preceding verses list the same wicked acts (violence, fraud, idolatry, sexual abominations) that lead to the verdict of death in v.13.
  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): Develops the same principle of individual responsibility and the formula 'the soul that sins shall die,' echoing the claim that the sinner 'shall not live.'
  • Deuteronomy 23:19-20 (verbal): Law on interest/loan practices — forbids charging interest to a fellow Israelite, directly related to the prohibition against giving/receiving interest in Ezek 18:13.
  • Leviticus 18:29 (thematic): States that whoever commits any of the listed 'abominations' shall be cut off — parallels Ezekiel's threat of death for committing 'all these abominations.'
  • Genesis 9:6 (thematic): Establishes the principle of bloodshed and penalty ('whoever sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed'), resonating with the formula 'his blood shall be upon him' in Ezek 18:13.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if he has not wronged anyone, has restored the pledge, has not extorted, has given his bread to the hungry and covered the naked with a garment,
  • he lends at interest and takes increase; shall such a man live? He shall not live—he has done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him.
14 But behold, he fathers a son, and that son sees all the sins his father has done, and sees and fears and turns away from them;

Eze.18.14 - Details

Original Text

והנה הוליד בן וירא את־ כל־ חטאת אביו אשר עשה ויראה ולא יעשה כהן׃

Morphology

  • והנה: ADV
  • הוליד: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • חטאת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ויראה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ולא: CONJ
  • יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • כהן: NOUN,m,sg,const

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): Directly affirms the chapter's principle that a son does not bear the father's iniquity — individual responsibility rather than inherited guilt, the theological counterpart to the son refraining from his father's sins.
  • Ezekiel 18:4 (structural): Frames the chapter's argument: 'all souls are mine' — establishes the theological basis for individual moral accountability reflected in the son's choice not to repeat his father's sins.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Legal statement that parents shall not be put to death for children nor children for parents; emphasizes individual liability for sin, paralleling Ezekiel's insistence that the son is judged by his own actions.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (allusion): Rejects the proverb 'the fathers have eaten sour grapes...' and asserts each person dies for their own sin, echoing Ezekiel's corrective of collective/blamed guilt and the call to personal responsibility.
  • Romans 14:12 (thematic): New Testament affirmation that each person will give an account of themselves to God — parallels Ezekiel's focus on individual moral responsibility and the son's choice to avoid his father's sinful ways.

Alternative generated candidates

  • if he withdraws his hand from iniquity and keeps my statutes and walks in my ordinances—he shall not die for the iniquity of his father; he shall surely live.
  • And behold, he fathers a son who sees all the sins that his father has done and fears and does not do likewise;
15 he does not eat upon the mountains, he does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, he does not defile his neighbor’s wife;

Eze.18.15 - Details

Original Text

על־ ההרים לא אכל ועיניו לא נשא אל־ גלולי בית ישראל את־ אשת רעהו לא טמא׃

Morphology

  • על: PREP
  • ההרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ועיניו: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • נשא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • גלולי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
  • רעהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • טמא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Exodus 20:3-5 (thematic): Commands against other gods and idols parallel Ezekiel's assertion that the righteous did not 'lift up his eyes to the idols'—both prohibit idolatrous worship and image-making.
  • Deuteronomy 12:2-3 (allusion): Deuteronomy's prohibition of worship on high places and command to destroy local shrines echoes Ezekiel's 'not eaten on the mountains' (i.e., not participating in high-place/idolatrous rites).
  • Leviticus 18:20 (verbal): Explicit prohibition against lying with a neighbor's wife corresponds directly to Ezekiel's clause that he 'did not defile himself with his neighbor's wife' (same sexual-prohibition tradition).
  • Leviticus 19:11-13 (thematic): Commands against stealing, cheating and oppressing neighbors parallel Ezekiel's mention that the righteous 'has not oppressed anyone'—both stress justice and proper treatment of others.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But behold, if the father has acted wickedly, oppressed, shed blood, and done any of these abominations,
  • he has not eaten upon the mountains, nor lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and has not defiled his neighbor's wife;
16 he gives back the pledge, restores what he took by robbery, withholds his hand from extortion, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment;

Eze.18.16 - Details

Original Text

ואיש לא הונה חבל לא חבל וגזלה לא גזל לחמו לרעב נתן וערום כסה־ בגד׃

Morphology

  • ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • הונה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חבל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • חבל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
  • וגזלה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • גזל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לחמו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:3,m,sg
  • לרעב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • וערום: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg
  • כסה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בגד: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Exodus 22:25 (verbal): Prohibits charging interest to a needy brother—direct verbal parallel to Ezek.18:16's ban on exacting interest/usury.
  • Leviticus 19:13 (verbal): Forbids defrauding or robbing a neighbor and commands timely wages—echoes Ezekiel's injunctions against fraud and exploitation.
  • Deuteronomy 24:14-15 (thematic): Commands not to oppress hired workers and to pay their wages promptly—thematic parallel to care for the hungry and fair economic conduct in Ezek.18:16.
  • Psalm 15:5 (verbal): Describes the righteous as one who does not put out money at interest nor take a bribe—verbal and ethical overlap with Ezekiel's list of righteous deeds.
  • Isaiah 58:7 (thematic): Calls for sharing bread with the hungry and clothing the naked—closely parallels Ezek.18:16's concrete acts of charity and social justice.

Alternative generated candidates

  • and yet he did not do so as to deprive anyone, did not restore the pledge, did not live by robbery, gave his bread to the hungry and clothed the naked,
  • he has not wronged anyone, has returned the pledge, has not robbed, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment;
17 he keeps my statutes and walks in my ordinances—he will not die for the iniquity of his father; he will surely live.

Eze.18.17 - Details

Original Text

מעני השיב ידו נשך ותרבית לא לקח משפטי עשה בחקותי הלך הוא לא ימות בעון אביו חיה יחיה׃

Morphology

  • מעני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • השיב: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
  • ידו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • נשך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ותרבית: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • לקח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • משפטי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בחקותי: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs,pss=1s
  • הלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ימות: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
  • בעון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • חיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:9 (verbal): Lists the same righteous behaviors (withdrawing hand from the poor, not taking bribes) that qualify a person to live — closely parallels v.17's description of the righteous act.
  • Ezekiel 18:19-20 (verbal): Continues and restates the principal theme of individual responsibility found in v.17: the righteous will not die for a father's sin and 'the soul that sins shall die'.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Legal parallel denying collective punishment ('Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor children for their fathers') — echoes the emphasis on individual liability.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (thematic): Prophetic refutation of generational guilt ('no more say, “The fathers have eaten sour grapes...”), affirming each person bears their own sin much like Ezekiel 18's argument.

Alternative generated candidates

  • and has turned from the poverty of his hand, withheld interest and increase, and has done justice and walked in my statutes—he shall not die for his father's sin; he shall live.
  • he has withdrawn his hand from the poor, has not taken usury or increase, keeps my statutes and walks in my ordinances—he shall not die for his father's iniquity; he shall surely live.
18 But if the father has oppressed, done wrong, committed robbery, dealt unjustly among his people, and behold, he has died for his iniquity,

Eze.18.18 - Details

Original Text

אביו כי־ עשק עשק גזל גזל אח ואשר לא־ טוב עשה בתוך עמיו והנה־ מת בעונו׃

Morphology

  • אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • עשק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עשק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גזל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • גזל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בתוך: PREP
  • עמיו: NOUN,m,sg,cstr+pr,3,m,sg
  • והנה: ADV
  • מת: ADJ,m,sg
  • בעונו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Affirms individual responsibility: parents shall not be punished for children, and each person dies for their own sin, echoing Ezekiel’s rejection of collective familial guilt.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (allusion): Directly addresses the same proverb (“the fathers have eaten sour grapes…”), insisting that each person bears their own iniquity—the same point Ezekiel refutes and reformulates.
  • Ezekiel 18:2 (structural): The proverb questioned at the outset of the chapter (“What do you mean by repeating this proverb…?”) that Ezekiel answers; verse 18 responds to this accusation about inherited guilt.
  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): States explicitly that the soul who sins shall die and that the son will not bear the father's iniquity—this is the central formulation of the principle implicit in v.18.
  • Exodus 34:7 (thematic): Contains the older theological motif of God ‘visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children,’ which provides the background contrast that Ezekiel challenges regarding generational punishment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But the father, if he has wronged, oppressed, stolen, acted abominably among his people—and behold, he dies in his iniquity—
  • But his father, because he practiced extortion and committed robbery and did abominable things among his people, behold, he died for his iniquity.
19 you will say, ‘Why should the son not bear the iniquity of the father?’ When the son has done what is just and right and kept all my statutes and done them, he shall surely live.

Eze.18.19 - Details

Original Text

ואמרתם מדע לא־ נשא הבן בעון האב והבן משפט וצדקה עשה את כל־ חקותי שמר ויעשה אתם חיה יחיה׃

Morphology

  • ואמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • מדע: ADV,interr
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • נשא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הבן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בעון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • האב: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והבן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • חקותי: NOUN,f,pl,abs,1cs
  • שמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ויעשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • חיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): Directly related statement in the same chapter: 'The soul who sins shall die... the son shall not bear the iniquity of the father'—same principle of individual responsibility.
  • Ezekiel 18:21 (structural): Immediate continuation of v.19: explains the positive corollary—if the wicked turns and keeps statutes, he shall surely live—develops the verse's promise.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (verbal): Legal expression of the same idea: 'Parents shall not be put to death for children, nor children for parents; each shall die for his own sin'—foregrounds individual liability.
  • Jeremiah 31:29–30 (thematic): Counters the proverb 'the fathers have eaten sour grapes' by asserting that 'everyone shall die for his own iniquity,' echoing Ezekiel's rejection of collective guilt.
  • Numbers 14:18 (allusion): Affirms a tradition that God 'visits the iniquity of the fathers upon the children' while also showing mercy—serves as the broader background which Ezekiel refines by stressing personal responsibility.

Alternative generated candidates

  • you will say, 'Why does the son not bear the iniquity of the father?' When the son has done what is just and right, and has kept all my statutes and done them, he shall surely live.
  • Yet you say, 'Why does the son not bear the iniquity of the father?' When the son has done what is just and right and kept all my statutes and done them, he shall surely live.
20 The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, nor shall the father bear the iniquity of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself.

Eze.18.20 - Details

Original Text

הנפש החטאת היא תמות בן לא־ ישא ׀ בעון האב ואב לא ישא בעון הבן צדקת הצדיק עליו תהיה ורשעת הרשע עליו תהיה׃

Morphology

  • הנפש: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • החטאת: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • תמות: VERB,qal,yiqtol,2,m,sg
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ישא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בעון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • האב: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ואב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ישא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בעון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הבן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • צדקת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
  • הצדיק: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
  • תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
  • ורשעת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • הרשע: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
  • תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (verbal): Legal parallel: explicitly states fathers shall not be put to death for children nor children for fathers—each is punished for his own sin, echoing Ezekiel’s individual responsibility language.
  • Ezekiel 18:4 (structural): Immediate chapter-parallel and verbal repetition: earlier verse declares 'the soul who sins shall die,' which Ezekiel reiterates and develops in 18:20.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (allusion): The prophecy rejects the old proverb that children bear the fathers’ guilt ('the fathers have eaten sour grapes...'); echoes Ezekiel’s theme that each person bears his own guilt.
  • Exodus 34:7 (verbal): Key phrase overlap and theological contrast: speaks of God 'visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children,' language that Ezekiel responds to by stressing individual moral responsibility.
  • Numbers 14:18 (thematic): Uses the motif of visiting iniquity across generations (and God’s mercy/justice); provides the background legal-theological claim that Ezekiel contests by affirming personal accountability.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, nor shall the father bear the iniquity of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself.
  • The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the guilt of the father, nor shall the father bear the guilt of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself.
21 But if the wicked turns from all his transgressions that he has committed and keeps all my statutes and does what is lawful and right, he shall surely live; he shall not die.

Eze.18.21 - Details

Original Text

והרשע כי ישוב מכל־ חטאתיו אשר עשה ושמר את־ כל־ חקותי ועשה משפט וצדקה חיה יחיה לא ימות׃

Morphology

  • והרשע: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • כי: CONJ
  • ישוב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • מכל: PREP
  • חטאתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3ms
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ושמר: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • חקותי: NOUN,f,pl,abs,1cs
  • ועשה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • חיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ימות: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 33:14-16 (verbal): Nearly identical formulation in the same prophetic context: if the wicked turns from his sins, does what is lawful and right, he shall live and not die.
  • Leviticus 18:5 (verbal): Commands to keep God's statutes with the explicit promise 'the person who does them shall live by them,' echoing 'keep my statutes... he shall live.'
  • Deuteronomy 30:15, 19-20 (thematic): Presents the choice between life and death tied to obedience to God's commandments—'choose life'—paralleling repentance/obedience resulting in life.
  • Hosea 14:1-4 (thematic): Calls Israel to return/repent with the promise of healing and restoration—returning from sin leads to life and blessing, resonant with Ezekiel's admonition.
  • Acts 3:19 (thematic): New Testament exhortation to 'repent and be converted' so that sins may be blotted out and renewal (life) follow—parallels the link between repentance and life in Ezekiel.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But if the wicked turns from all his transgressions that he has committed, and keeps all my statutes and does what is just and right, he shall surely live; he shall not die.
  • But if the wicked turns from all his sins that he has committed and keeps all my statutes and does what is just and right, he shall surely live; he shall not die.
22 None of the sins that he has committed shall be remembered against him; by his righteousness that he has done he shall live.

Eze.18.22 - Details

Original Text

כל־ פשעיו אשר עשה לא יזכרו לו בצדקתו אשר־ עשה יחיה׃

Morphology

  • כל: DET
  • פשעיו: NOUN,m,pl,suf
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יזכרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • בצדקתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suf
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:21 (structural): Immediate literary context — 18:21 states that a turn from sin results in life; 18:22 continues, adding that his past sins will not be held against him.
  • Ezekiel 33:14-16 (thematic): Repeats the theme of individual responsibility and reversal: when the wicked turns from sin he shall live and his former deeds are not counted against him.
  • Isaiah 43:25 (verbal): God declares he blots out/transgressions and will not remember sins — a close verbal/thematic parallel to ‘his sins shall not be mentioned.’
  • Jeremiah 31:34 (verbal): Promise that God will forgive iniquity and ‘remember their sin no more,’ echoing Ezekiel’s assurance that past sins won’t be reckoned.
  • Hebrews 8:12 (quotation): New Testament citation of Jer. 31:34 (‘I will be merciful… their sins I will remember no more’), showing the continuation of the motif that forgiven sins are not remembered and linked to life/new covenant.

Alternative generated candidates

  • All his transgressions that he has committed shall not be remembered against him; in his righteousness that he has done he shall live.
  • All his transgressions that he has committed shall not be remembered against him; by his righteousness that he has done he shall live.
23 Have I any pleasure in the death of the wicked, declares the LORD GOD, and not that he should turn from his ways and live?

Eze.18.23 - Details

Original Text

החפץ אחפץ מות רשע נאם אדני יהוה הלוא בשובו מדרכיו וחיה׃

Morphology

  • החפץ: PTCP,qal,act,m,sg
  • אחפץ: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • מות: VERB,qal,infabs
  • רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • הלוא: PART
  • בשובו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,poss3ms
  • מדרכיו: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,poss3ms
  • וחיה: VERB,qal,juss,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:21 (verbal): Speaks of the wicked turning from sin and keeping statutes so they shall live—closely parallels the conditional promise of life on repentance in 18:23.
  • Ezekiel 18:32 (verbal): Explicit statement of God's desire that the wicked turn and live; echoes the identical concern for repentance and life found in 18:23.
  • Ezekiel 33:11 (thematic): God declares he has no pleasure in the death of the wicked but desires that they turn and live—direct thematic restatement of 18:23.
  • 2 Peter 3:9 (thematic): Affirms God’s patience and desire that none should perish but all should come to repentance, paralleling Ezekiel’s emphasis on divine desire for repentance and life.
  • Jeremiah 18:7-10 (structural): Presents the principle that God will relent of disaster if a nation turns from evil—similar structure of conditional divine intention based on repentance found in Ezekiel 18:23.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Have I any pleasure in the death of the wicked, declares the Lord GOD, and not rather that he should turn from his way and live?
  • Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? declares the Lord GOD. Is it not that he turns from his way and lives?
24 But when a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and does injustice in accordance with all the abominations that the wicked person does, shall he live? All the righteousness that he has done shall not be remembered; in his sin that he has sinned and in his iniquity that he has committed, in them he shall die.

Eze.18.24 - Details

Original Text

ובשוב צדיק מצדקתו ועשה עול ככל התועבות אשר־ עשה הרשע יעשה וחי כל־ צדקתיו אשר־ עשה לא תזכרנה במעלו אשר־ מעל ובחטאתו אשר־ חטא בם ימות׃

Morphology

  • ובשוב: CONJ+PREP+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצדקתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+SUFF:3,m
  • ועשה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ככל: PREP
  • התועבות: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הרשע: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • וחי: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • כל: DET
  • צדקתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+SUFF:3,m
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תזכרנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • במעלו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF:3,m
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • מעל: PREP
  • ובחטאתו: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+suf3,m
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • חטא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ימות: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:21-23 (structural): Immediate parallel/contrast within the same discourse: these verses state that a wicked person who repents will live, whereas 18:24 asks whether a righteous person who turns to evil will be preserved—structural counterpart emphasizing reversal of outcome based on conduct.
  • Ezekiel 18:20 (verbal): Shared legal-theological formulation: 'the soul who sins shall die' and the principle that one bears responsibility for one's own sin; 18:24 applies the principle to a righteous person's lapse.
  • Ezekiel 33:12-20 (quotation): Later repetition of the same theme: the prophet reiterates that the righteous turning to sin will die and the wicked turning to righteousness will live, echoing 18:24 almost verbatim.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Related legal principle of individual responsibility for sin—'each person shall be put to death for his own sin'—parallels Ezekiel's focus on personal accountability rather than corporate transmission of guilt.
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (allusion): Contrasts older proverb about ancestral guilt and asserts that people will 'die for their own iniquity,' resonating with Ezekiel's insistence that past righteousness will not excuse current wrongdoing.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But when a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and commits iniquity, doing the abominations that the wicked person does, shall he live? None of the righteous deeds that he has done shall be remembered; for his treachery and his sin that he has committed, for them he shall die.
  • But when the righteous turns away from his righteousness and commits iniquity, shall he live? Because of the iniquity that he has done, he shall die.
25 And you say, ‘The way of the LORD is not right.’ Hear now, O house of Israel: Is my way not right? Are not your ways wrong?

Eze.18.25 - Details

Original Text

ואמרתם לא יתכן דרך אדני שמעו־ נא בית ישראל הדרכי לא יתכן הלא דרכיכם לא יתכנו׃

Morphology

  • ואמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתכן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • שמעו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
  • נא: PART
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הדרכי: NOUN,f,pl,abs+suff1
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתכן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • הלא: PART
  • דרכיכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs+suff2mp
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתכנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Isaiah 45:9 (thematic): Both rebuke human presumption in disputing God’s ways—Isaiah’s rhetorical ‘woe to him who contends with his Maker’ echoes Ezekiel’s challenge to those who say God’s way is wrong.
  • Job 40:2 (verbal): God’s demand that the one who argues with the Almighty answer echoes Ezekiel’s reversal of the complaint, using a similar confrontational question.
  • Romans 9:20 (thematic): Paul’s objection ‘Who are you to answer back to God?’ parallels Ezekiel’s theme that humans lack standing to accuse God and should examine their own ways.
  • Deuteronomy 32:4 (structural): Declares God’s work and ways are perfect and just, providing the Old Testament counterpoint to the Israelites’ claim that the LORD’s way is not right.
  • Jeremiah 12:1 (thematic): Jeremiah’s complaint about the prosperity of the wicked and his questioning of God’s justice reflects the same kind of accusation against God’s ways that Ezekiel addresses.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Yet you say, 'The way of the Lord is not fair.' Hear now, O house of Israel: Is it my way that is not fair? Is it not your ways that are not fair?
  • And you say, 'The way of the Lord is not right.' Hear now, O house of Israel: Is my way not right? Are not your ways unjust?
26 When a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and does injustice, he shall die for it.

Eze.18.26 - Details

Original Text

בשוב־ צדיק מצדקתו ועשה עול ומת עליהם בעולו אשר־ עשה ימות׃

Morphology

  • בשוב: PREP+VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצדקתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff
  • ועשה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • עול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ומת: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • בעולו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ימות: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezek.33:12-13 (verbal): Almost verbatim repetition in the later oracle: the righteous who turns from righteousness to do injustice ‘shall die for his iniquity.’
  • Ezek.3:20 (verbal): Earlier warning in Ezekiel using the same pattern: if a righteous person turns to sin, he will die for it — used as a prophetic admonition to individual responsibility.
  • Ezek.18:20 (verbal): Key doctrinal statement in the same chapter—‘the soul that sins shall die’—which frames 18:26’s claim that a righteous person who commits iniquity dies for that iniquity.
  • Jer.31:29-30 (thematic): Declares the end of the proverb ‘the parents have eaten sour grapes…’ and affirms individual responsibility—themeually parallel to Ezekiel’s rebuttal of collective punishment.
  • Deut.24:16 (structural): Legal background concerning punishment of parents/children; Ezekiel 18 engages and modifies the debate about collective guilt vs. individual accountability found in Israelite law and proverb.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When a righteous turns away from his righteousness and does wrong, he shall die for it. When the wicked turns away from his wickedness and does what is just and right, he shall live by it.
  • When a righteous man turns away from his righteousness and commits injustice, he shall die for it.
27 And when a wicked person turns away from his wickedness and does what is lawful and right, he shall save his life.

Eze.18.27 - Details

Original Text

ובשוב רשע מרשעתו אשר עשה ויעש משפט וצדקה הוא את־ נפשו יחיה׃

Morphology

  • ובשוב: CONJ+PREP+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מרשעתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ויעש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • נפשו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:21 (verbal): Almost identical formulation earlier in the same chapter: when the wicked turns from sin and does what is right, he shall live.
  • Ezekiel 33:14-16 (verbal): A parallel statement in Ezekiel repeating the promise that if the wicked repents, acts justly and keeps God’s statutes, he shall live and not die.
  • Deuteronomy 30:19-20 (thematic): The covenantal choice between life and death—returning to the Lord, obeying his commands, and so choosing life—parallels the idea that turning from sin preserves life.
  • Isaiah 55:7 (thematic): Call for the wicked to forsake his way and return to the Lord with the promise of mercy—repentance leading to pardon and life echoes Ezekiel’s theme.
  • Proverbs 28:13 (thematic): Whoever conceals transgressions will not prosper, but whoever confesses and forsakes them will obtain mercy—parallels the connection between turning from sin and receiving life/mercy.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When the wicked turns away from his wickedness that he has committed and does justice and righteousness, he shall save his life.
  • But when the wicked turns away from his wickedness and does what is just and right, he shall live by that.
28 Because he considered and turned away from all his transgressions that he had committed, he shall surely live; he shall not die.

Eze.18.28 - Details

Original Text

ויראה וישב מכל־ פשעיו אשר עשה חיו יחיה לא ימות׃

Morphology

  • ויראה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מכל: PREP
  • פשעיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:3,m
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חיו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יחיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ימות: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:21 (verbal): Nearly identical language: a wicked person who turns from sin and does right ‘shall live; he shall not die,’ repeating the same promise of life upon repentance.
  • Ezekiel 33:12-16 (verbal): Restates the theme of individual responsibility and the formula ‘if the wicked turns from his ways...he shall live’—a reprise of Ezekiel 18’s core claim.
  • Deuteronomy 30:15-20 (thematic): Presents the choice between life and death and urges choosing life—parallels the moral consequence framework underlying Ezek. 18:28.
  • Jeremiah 18:7-10 (thematic): Declares that God will relent or bring disaster depending on a nation’s turn from evil, linking repentance with reversal of judgment as in Ezekiel 18:28.
  • Jonah 3:10 (thematic): After Nineveh’s repentance God ‘relented’ and did not bring the threatened destruction—an example of repentance averting death/judgment similar to Ezekiel’s promise of life.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For he sees and turns from all his transgressions that he has committed; he shall surely live—he shall not die.
  • For he sees and turns away from all his transgressions that he has committed; he shall surely live; he shall not die.
29 Yet the house of Israel says, ‘The way of the LORD is not right.’ Are my ways not right, house of Israel? Are your ways not wrong?

Eze.18.29 - Details

Original Text

ואמרו בית ישראל לא יתכן דרך אדני הדרכי לא יתכנו בית ישראל הלא דרכיכם לא יתכן׃

Morphology

  • ואמרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתכן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • הדרכי: NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:1,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתכנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הלא: PART
  • דרכיכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:2,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • יתכן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:25 (structural): Earliest line of the same exchange: the complaint 'The way of the Lord is not equal' is repeated and sets up the judicial response in 18:29–30.
  • Jeremiah 17:10 (verbal): God declares he 'searches the heart' and 'gives to each man according to his ways,' closely echoing Ezekiel's formula of individual judgment according to one's ways.
  • Psalm 62:12 (verbal): 'For you will render to a man according to his work' parallels the principle that God recompenses people according to their conduct, resonant with Ezekiel's judgment language.
  • Romans 2:6 (thematic): 'God will render to each one according to his deeds' expresses the same theological principle of divine justice and individual accountability found in Ezekiel 18:29.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Yet the house of Israel says, 'The way of the Lord is not right.' O house of Israel, are my ways not right? Are your ways not wrong?
  • Yet the house of Israel says, 'The way of the Lord is not right.' Are my ways not right, O house of Israel? Are not your ways wrong?
30 Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the LORD GOD: Repent and turn from all your transgressions, lest iniquity be your ruin.

Eze.18.30 - Details

Original Text

לכן איש כדרכיו אשפט אתכם בית ישראל נאם אדני יהוה שובו והשיבו מכל־ פשעיכם ולא־ יהיה לכם למכשול עון׃

Morphology

  • לכן: ADV
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כדרכיו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+poss3ms
  • אשפט: VERB,qal,impf,1,na,sg
  • אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • שובו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • והשיבו: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,pl
  • מכל: PREP
  • פשעיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+poss2mp
  • ולא: CONJ
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • למכשול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עון: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:21-23 (structural): Immediate context: reiterates the call to repent—if the wicked turn from sins and do what is right, they shall live; explains the promise behind 'return... and iniquity shall not be your ruin.'
  • Jeremiah 31:29-30 (verbal): Echoes the proverb of individual responsibility ('every one according to his ways' / 'every man shall die for his own iniquity'), directly parallel to Ezekiel's emphasis on personal accountability.
  • Deuteronomy 24:16 (thematic): Affirms the principle that individuals are judged for their own sins rather than being punished for ancestors' deeds—groundwork for Ezekiel's appeal to personal judgment and repentance.
  • Ezekiel 33:11 (thematic): Same prophetic motif: God declares no pleasure in the death of the wicked and calls for repentance so that they may live—reinforces Ezekiel 18:30's summons to turn from sin.
  • Isaiah 55:7 (allusion): Similar summons to the wicked to forsake their way and return to the LORD with the promise of mercy, paralleling Ezekiel's imperative 'shuvu' and assurance that iniquity will not be their downfall if they repent.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the Lord GOD. Repent and turn away from all your transgressions, lest iniquity be your ruin.
  • Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the Lord GOD. Repent and turn from all your transgressions, so that iniquity may not be your ruin.
31 Cast away from you all the transgressions that you have committed, and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. Why will you die, O house of Israel?

Eze.18.31 - Details

Original Text

השליכו מעליכם את־ כל־ פשעיכם אשר פשעתם בם ועשו לכם לב חדש ורוח חדשה ולמה תמתו בית ישראל׃

Morphology

  • השליכו: VERB,hif,impv,2,m,pl
  • מעליכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • פשעיכם: NOUN,m,pl,suf
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • פשעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • בם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ועשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חדש: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • ורוח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חדשה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • ולמה: CONJ
  • תמתו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 36:26 (verbal): Uses the same language of giving a 'new heart' and a 'new spirit' as God’s promise to transform Israel (direct verbal parallel).
  • Ezekiel 11:19-20 (verbal): Earlier Ezekiel passage promising God will give a new heart and put a new spirit within them so they will follow statutes and live—same program of inward renewal.
  • Ezekiel 33:11 (verbal): Contains the same rhetorical question 'Why will you die?' and the call to repentance, emphasizing God’s desire that the wicked turn and live.
  • Jeremiah 31:33 (thematic): Speaks of God writing his law on hearts and establishing a renewed relationship—theme of internalizing obedience and covenant renewal akin to 'new heart' language.
  • Psalm 51:10 (thematic): Prayer for a clean or renewed heart and a right/renewed spirit—personal petition language that resonates with Ezekiel’s call to obtain a new heart and spirit.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Cast away from you all your transgressions by which you have transgressed, and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. Why will you die, O house of Israel?
  • Cast away from you all your transgressions by which you have transgressed, and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. Why will you die, O house of Israel?
32 For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone who dies, declares the LORD GOD. Turn, therefore, and live.

Eze.18.32 - Details

Original Text

כי לא אחפץ במות המת נאם אדני יהוה והשיבו וחיו׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אחפץ: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • במות: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • המת: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • והשיבו: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,pl
  • וחיו: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 18:23 (verbal): Nearly identical wording earlier in the chapter: God asks if He takes pleasure in the death of the wicked and says He would rather they turn and live.
  • Ezekiel 33:11 (verbal): Repeats the same declaration—God has no pleasure in the death of anyone but desires repentance and life.
  • 2 Peter 3:9 (thematic): States God is patient, not wishing that any should perish but that all should reach repentance—New Testament echo of the divine will for turning and life.
  • Jonah 3:10 (thematic): When Nineveh repents God relents from bringing disaster, illustrating God's preference for repentance over punishment.
  • Deuteronomy 30:2-3 (thematic): Calls Israel to return to the LORD so He will restore them—an OT call to repentance and restoration (turning and living).

Alternative generated candidates

  • For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone, declares the Lord GOD. Turn, then, and live.
  • For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone, declares the Lord GOD. Turn, and live.

And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:

Why do you use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying, ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge’?

As I live, declares the LORD GOD, you shall no more use this proverb in Israel.

Behold, all souls are mine; the soul of the father as well as the soul of the son is mine. The soul who sins shall die.

If a man is righteous and does what is just and right,

if he does not eat upon the mountains, nor lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, nor defile his neighbor’s wife, nor draw near to a woman in her uncleanness,

if he has not wronged anyone, but restores the pledge, does not rob, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment,

if he withholds his hand from extortion, gives no interest and takes no increase, but keeps my statutes and executes true justice between man and man,

he walks in my ordinances and keeps my statutes to deal faithfully—he is righteous; he shall surely live, declares the LORD GOD. And if he fathers a son who is a reckless man, who sheds blood and does any of these things,

who eats on the high places, lifts up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and defiles his neighbor’s wife,

who oppresses the poor and needy, wrongfully seizes the pledge, refuses to restore what he took by robbery,

who gives usury or takes increase, who leads others into these abominations—shall such a one live? He shall not; he has committed all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood is upon him. But behold, he fathers a son, and that son sees all the sins his father has done, and sees and fears and turns away from them;

he does not eat upon the mountains, he does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, he does not defile his neighbor’s wife;

he gives back the pledge, restores what he took by robbery, withholds his hand from extortion, gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with a garment;

he keeps my statutes and walks in my ordinances—he will not die for the iniquity of his father; he will surely live. But if the father has oppressed, done wrong, committed robbery, dealt unjustly among his people, and behold, he has died for his iniquity,

you will say, ‘Why should the son not bear the iniquity of the father?’ When the son has done what is just and right and kept all my statutes and done them, he shall surely live.

The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, nor shall the father bear the iniquity of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself. But if the wicked turns from all his transgressions that he has committed and keeps all my statutes and does what is lawful and right, he shall surely live; he shall not die.

None of the sins that he has committed shall be remembered against him; by his righteousness that he has done he shall live.

Have I any pleasure in the death of the wicked, declares the LORD GOD, and not that he should turn from his ways and live? But when a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and does injustice in accordance with all the abominations that the wicked person does, shall he live? All the righteousness that he has done shall not be remembered; in his sin that he has sinned and in his iniquity that he has committed, in them he shall die. And you say, ‘The way of the LORD is not right.’ Hear now, O house of Israel: Is my way not right? Are not your ways wrong?

When a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and does injustice, he shall die for it. And when a wicked person turns away from his wickedness and does what is lawful and right, he shall save his life.

Because he considered and turned away from all his transgressions that he had committed, he shall surely live; he shall not die.

Yet the house of Israel says, ‘The way of the LORD is not right.’ Are my ways not right, house of Israel? Are your ways not wrong?

Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the LORD GOD: Repent and turn from all your transgressions, lest iniquity be your ruin.

Cast away from you all the transgressions that you have committed, and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. Why will you die, O house of Israel?

For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone who dies, declares the LORD GOD. Turn, therefore, and live.