Jesus Calms the Storm
Mark 4:35-41
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Mark.4.35 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- εν: PREP
- εκεινη: PRON,dat,sg,f
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- ημερα: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- οψιας: NOUN,gen,sg,fem
- γενομενης·Διελθωμεν: VERB,aor,pass,part,gen,fem,sg
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- περαν: PREP
Parallels
- Luke 8:22 (verbal): Same scene and near-verbatim wording: Jesus tells the disciples to cross to the other side of the lake, initiating the storm and crossing narrative.
- Matthew 8:18 (verbal): Uses the same motif/phrase of departing to the other side; Matthew places the command in a different context but preserves the movement-across theme.
- Matthew 8:23-27 (structural): Parallel storm-on-the-sea episode: Matthew recounts Jesus boarding a boat, the disciples following, a great storm, and Jesus calming it—structurally parallels Mark's crossing and tempest narrative.
- John 6:1 (thematic): Jesus crosses the Sea of Galilee prior to a major teaching/miracle (feeding the 5,000); thematically related motif of Jesus crossing to the 'other side' to move the ministry and narrative forward.
Alternative generated candidates
- And on that day, when evening had come, he said to them, 'Let us go across to the other side.'
- And on that day, when evening had come, he said to them, Let us cross over to the other side.
Mark.4.36 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αφεντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- οχλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- παραλαμβανουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- ως: ADV
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- πλοιω: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- αλλα: CONJ
- πλοια: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- μετ᾽αυτου: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 8:23-27 (verbal): Close synoptic parallel: Jesus and his disciples enter a boat and cross the sea; the ensuing storm narrative corresponds directly with Mark 4:35-41.
- Luke 8:22-25 (verbal): Synoptic parallel to Mark's crossing and storm story—disciples take Jesus into the boat and a storm arises; wording and sequence parallel Mark 4:35-41.
- John 6:16-21 (thematic): Different pericope but similar setting: the disciples at sea in a boat at night and Jesus later comes to them on the water—echoes the boat/sea motif and the disciples' vulnerability on the lake.
- Mark 6:32-34 (structural): Related movement motif in Mark: Jesus and the disciples withdraw by boat to a desolate place and the crowds follow, paralleling the departure from the crowd in 4:36 and the use of boats in ministry movements.
Alternative generated candidates
- And leaving the crowd, they took him with them in the boat, just as he was; and other boats were with him.
- And leaving the crowd, they took him with them in the boat, just as he was; and other boats were with him.
Mark.4.37 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- γινεται: VERB,pres,mp,ind,3,sg
- λαιλαψ: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- μεγαλη: ADJ,nom,sg,f
- ανεμου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- κυματα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- επεβαλλεν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πλοιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- ωστε: CONJ
- ηδη: ADV
- γεμιζεσθαι: VERB,pres,mp,inf
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πλοιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
Parallels
- Matthew 8:24 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: a sudden great storm and waves breaking into the boat, language and narrative role nearly identical to Mark's account.
- Luke 8:23 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: Luke records the same boat-storm episode with comparable wording and sequence (storm, boat filling, disciples alarmed).
- Jonah 1:4 (allusion): LXX narrative uses similar language ('a great wind'/'λαῖλαψ μεγάλη') to describe a life‑threatening sea storm, providing an Old Testament antecedent for storm imagery.
- Psalm 107:25-30 (thematic): The psalm narrates sailors beset by a storm who cry to the Lord and are delivered when God calms the sea—thematic parallel emphasizing divine power over chaotic waters.
- John 6:18-21 (thematic): Later Johannine episode where the sea is rough, the disciples struggle at night, and Jesus comes to them over the water—thematically related motif of storm, threatened boat, and Jesus' control of the sea.
Alternative generated candidates
- And a great windstorm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so that the boat was filling.
- And a great gale arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so that the boat began to fill.
Mark.4.38 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- πρυμνη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- επι: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- προσκεφαλαιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- καθευδων·και: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
- εγειρουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- λεγουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω·Διδασκαλε: PRON,dat,sg,m
- ου: PART,neg
- μελει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- οτι: CONJ
- απολλυμεθα: VERB,pres,mid/pass,ind,1,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 8:23-27 (verbal): Direct Gospel parallel: Jesus is asleep in the boat, the disciples wake him in fear for their lives, and Jesus rebukes the wind and sea—very similar wording and sequence.
- Luke 8:22-25 (verbal): Another Synoptic parallel with the same basic elements (Jesus asleep, disciples wake him, 'Master, we perish!', Jesus calms the storm), reflecting the common tradition.
- Jonah 1:4-6 (allusion): The motif of a seafaring storm with a prophet asleep below decks while sailors fear for their lives; invites typological/contrastive reading between Jonah and Jesus.
- Psalm 107:29 (thematic): Theme of divine control over the sea—'He stilled the storm to a whisper'—parallels Jesus' authoritative calming of the waters, linking the miracle to God’s power over nature.
Alternative generated candidates
- But he was in the stern, asleep on a cushion. And they woke him and said to him, 'Teacher, do you not care that we are perishing?'
- But he was in the stern, asleep on a cushion. And they woke him and said to him, Teacher, do you not care that we are perishing?
Mark.4.39 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- διεγερθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,sg,m
- επετιμησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ανεμω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- θαλασση·Σιωπα: NOUN,dat,sg,f+VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
- πεφιμωσο: VERB,perf,mid/pass,imp,2,sg
- και: CONJ
- εκοπασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ανεμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- γαληνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- μεγαλη: ADJ,nom,sg,f
Parallels
- Matthew 8:26 (verbal): Direct Synoptic parallel: Jesus rebukes the wind and the sea with similar wording and the same sequence—immediate calm following his command.
- Luke 8:24 (verbal): Another Synoptic parallel preserving the core narrative of Jesus’ rebuke of the storm and the subsequent great calm.
- Mark 1:25-27 (verbal): Shared verb and motif of authority: Jesus rebukes an unclean spirit (ἐπετίμησεν) and it obeys—parallels the demonstration of his sovereign power over chaotic forces.
- Psalm 107:29 (thematic): Psalmist describes God calming a storm ('he calmed the storm to a whisper'); thematically connects divine mastery over chaotic seas to Jesus’ action.
- Jonah 1:4 (thematic): Contrasting theme: a violent wind sent as divine judgment contrasts with Jesus’ ability to command and still the very winds, highlighting different aspects of divine control over storms.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he awoke and rebuked the wind and said to the sea, 'Peace! Be still!' And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.
- And he awoke and rebuked the wind and said to the sea, Peace! Be still! And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.
Mark.4.40 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Τι: PRON,dat,pl,m
- δειλοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- εστε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- ουπω: ADV
- εχετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- πιστιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Matthew 8:26 (verbal): Parallel Synoptic account of the calming of the storm; Jesus rebukes the disciples for fear and lack of faith with essentially the same rebuke.
- Luke 8:25 (verbal): Luke's parallel to the storm-calming narrative; Jesus asks, 'Where is your faith?'—a near-verbal counterpart to Mark's challenge to their faith.
- Matthew 14:31 (verbal): In the episode of Peter walking on the water Jesus similarly rebukes fear/doubt with the formula 'O ye of little faith,' applying the same criticism to wavering disciples.
- Mark 9:19 (allusion): Another Markan rebuke of unbelief—'O faithless generation'—showing the evangelist's recurring theme of Jesus confronting lack of faith in his hearers.
- John 20:27-29 (thematic): After Thomas's doubt, Jesus commands him to 'be not faithless, but believing,' addressing the same concern (faith versus doubt) that underlies Mark 4:40.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he said to them, 'Why are you so afraid? Have you no faith?'
- And he said to them, Why are you so afraid? Have you still no faith?
Mark.4.41 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εφοβηθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
- φοβον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- μεγαν: ADJ,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ελεγον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- προς: PREP
- αλληλους·Τις: PRON,acc,pl,m
- αρα: PART
- ουτος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ανεμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- θαλασσα: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- υπακουει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 8:27 (verbal): Parallel account of the same miracle; the disciples similarly marvel and ask, 'What sort of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him?,' nearly identical wording.
- Luke 8:25 (verbal): Luke's parallel recounting: the disciples' astonishment and the question 'Who then is this, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him?' echoes Mark's wording and theme.
- Mark 1:27 (thematic): Earlier Markan scene where Jesus' teaching and exorcism provoke astonishment at his authority—'What is this? A new teaching... With authority he commands even the unclean spirits, and they obey him'—connects Jesus' authority over demons and nature.
- Psalm 107:29 (verbal): PSalmist celebrates God's control of storms—'He made the storm be still, and the waves of the sea were hushed'—a verbal and theological echo of divine mastery over the sea.
- Job 38:8-11 (allusion): Yahweh's speech describing how he constrained the sea with bars and doors (establishing its limits) parallels the theme of divine sovereignty over the sea that Mark attributes to Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they were filled with great fear and said to one another, 'Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him? '
- And they were filled with great fear, and they said to one another, Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?
And on that day, when evening had fallen, he said to them, 'Let us cross to the other side.' And leaving the crowd, they took him with them in the boat, just as he was; and other boats were with him. And a great gale arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so that the boat was already filling. But he himself was in the stern, asleep on a cushion. And they woke him and said to him, 'Teacher, do you not care that we are perishing?' And he woke, rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, 'Peace; be still.' And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm. And he said to them, 'Why are you so afraid? Do you still have no faith?' And they were seized with great fear and said to one another, 'Who then is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?'