Final Greetings and Benediction
Ephesians 6:21-24
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Eph.6.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ινα: CONJ
- δε: CONJ
- ειδητε: VERB,aor,act,sub,2,pl
- και: CONJ
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- κατ᾽εμε: PREP+PRON,acc,sg,1
- τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
- πρασσω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- παντα: ADJ,nom,pl,n
- γνωρισει: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- Τυχικος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- αγαπητος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- αδελφος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- πιστος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- διακονος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- κυριω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Colossians 4:7-9 (verbal): Near-verbatim parallel: Paul sends Tychicus “the beloved brother and faithful minister” to make known to the recipients “all the things” — same wording and function as Eph 6:21–22.
- 2 Timothy 4:12 (verbal): Paul states he has sent Tychicus to Ephesus — confirms the same envoy and mission referenced in Eph 6:21 (the sending of Tychicus to carry news and serve).
- Ephesians 6:22 (structural): Immediate literary parallel within the same letter—v.22 continues the thought of v.21, specifying the purpose of sending Tychicus (to inform about Paul’s affairs and to encourage the recipients).
- Philippians 2:19-22 (thematic): Thematic parallel in Paul’s practice and language about sending trusted, faithful coworkers (Timothy) to report and minister; echoes the characterization of loyal, tested servants sent on the apostle’s behalf.
Alternative generated candidates
- So that you also may know how I am and what I am doing, Tychicus, a beloved brother and a faithful minister in the Lord, will tell you everything.
- But that you also may know how I am and what I am doing, Tychicus, the beloved brother and faithful minister in the Lord, will make known to you all things.
Eph.6.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ον: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- επεμψα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- προς: PREP
- υμας: PRON,acc,pl,2
- εις: PREP
- αυτο: PRON,acc,sg,neut
- τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- ινα: CONJ
- γνωτε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- περι: PREP
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- και: CONJ
- παρακαλεση: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,sg
- τας: ART,acc,pl,f
- καρδιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
Parallels
- Colossians 4:7-8 (verbal): Nearly identical wording about sending Tychicus to inform the recipients of Paul's affairs and to encourage their hearts (same purpose and close verbal formula).
- 2 Timothy 4:12 (structural): Paul reports sending Tychicus to Ephesus, indicating the same messenger and practice of dispatching a delegate to carry news and accomplish tasks.
- 1 Thessalonians 3:2 (thematic): Paul (with others) sent Timothy to strengthen and encourage the believers and to learn about their circumstances—parallel purpose of sending an envoy to inform and exhort.
- Acts 20:4 (structural): Lists Tychicus among Paul's companions, corroborating his role as a trusted courier/associate who traveled on Paul's behalf.
Alternative generated candidates
- I have sent him to you for this very purpose—that you may know how we are, and that he may encourage your hearts.
- For this purpose I have sent him to you — that you may know how we are and that he may encourage your hearts, and with all my love for you in the flesh.
Eph.6.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ειρηνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- αδελφοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- αγαπη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- μετα: PREP
- πιστεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- απο: PREP
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- πατρος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Ephesians 1:2 (structural): Same epistolary benediction formula invoking peace from “God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ,” reflecting the letterwide greeting/closing vocabulary.
- Romans 1:7 (verbal): Greeting that pairs grace and peace explicitly ‘from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ,’ paralleling the source and addressee language.
- Philippians 1:2 (verbal): Another Pauline salutation using ‘Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ,’ showing the common closing/greeting formula.
- Colossians 1:4 (thematic): Links ‘faith’ and ‘love’ language—Colossians speaks of the recipients’ faith in Christ and love for the saints, echoing Ephesians’ ‘love with faith.’
- 1 Thessalonians 3:12–13 (thematic): Prayer for increase and abundance of love (connected with steadfastness/faith) and for establishment before God, thematically resonant with Ephesians’ wish for peace, love, and faith from the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Alternative generated candidates
- Peace be to the brothers, and love with faith, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
- Peace be to the brothers, and love with faith, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Eph.6.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- χαρις: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- μετα: PREP
- παντων: ADJ,gen,pl,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- αγαπωντων: VERB,pres,act,ptcp,gen,pl,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- κυριον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- Ιησουν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- Χριστον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- αφθαρσια: NOUN,dat,sg,f
Parallels
- 2 Thessalonians 3:18 (verbal): Closely matches the benedictory formula 'The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all'—a near verbal parallel to Ephesians' closing grace wish.
- Philippians 4:23 (verbal): Identical closing phrase in Pauline letters: 'The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit' (variant wording), showing a common epistolary benediction.
- Galatians 6:18 (verbal): Final blessing 'The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit' parallels Ephesians' invocation of grace, sharing the same Pauline farewell vocabulary.
- 2 Corinthians 13:14 (structural): A trinitarian benediction ('The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God...') that parallels Ephesians 6:24 structurally by linking grace and love in the letter's closing.
- Revelation 22:21 (verbal): Closing of Revelation: 'The grace of the Lord Jesus be with all'—a liturgical/epistolary echo of the same final wish for grace found in Ephesians 6:24.
Alternative generated candidates
- Grace be with all who love our Lord Jesus Christ with an incorruptible love.
- Grace be with all who love our Lord Jesus Christ with an incorruptible love.
Tychicus, the beloved brother and faithful servant in the Lord, will tell you everything about my affairs.
I have sent him to you for this very purpose—that you may know how we are and that he may encourage your hearts.
Peace to the brothers and sisters, and love with faith, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Grace be with all who love our Lord Jesus Christ with an incorruptible love.