Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials
1 Chronicles 9:2-34
1 C.9.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והיושבים: CONJ+VERB,qal,ptc,NA,m,pl,def
- הראשנים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- באחזתם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def,3,mp
- בעריהם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,pl
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והנתינים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Ezra 2:70 (verbal): Same cataloging language: the priests, Levites (and associated temple servants such as singers, gatekeepers/porters and Nethinim) are said to 'dwell in their cities'—a close verbal parallel to 1 Chr 9:2.
- Nehemiah 7:73-74 (verbal): The Nehemiah recension of the returnee lists repeats Ezra's wording that priests and Levites lived in their towns; Neh 7:73–74 is the parallel OT passage to 1 Chr 9:1–2 in the postexilic lists.
- Nehemiah 11:1-2 (thematic): Discusses the repopulation/settlement of Jerusalem and the distribution of inhabitants (those who stayed in their towns and those who volunteered to dwell in Jerusalem), relating to 1 Chr 9:2’s note about who lived in their possessions and cities.
- 1 Chronicles 6:54 (structural): Within Chronicles itself the chapter on the Levites records the towns and settlements allocated to priests and Levites—providing the broader structural context for 1 Chr 9:2’s statement about priests, Levites and Nethinim dwelling in their cities.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the principal inhabitants who dwelt in their possessions in their cities — Israel, the priests, the Levites, and the residents.
- And the first inhabitants who dwelt in their possessions in their cities were Israelites, the priests, the Levites, and the Nethinim.
1 C.9.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובירושלם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- מן: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- בנימן: NOUN,m,sg,proper
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אפרים: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומנשה: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Nehemiah 11:3 (verbal): Gives a very similar catalogue of inhabitants ‘in Jerusalem’ including Judah, Benjamin, Ephraim and Manasseh — a close verbal/structural parallel to 1 Chr 9:3 (same post‑exilic settlement tradition).
- Ezra 2:43 (structural): Part of the returnee lists that name Ephraim and Manasseh among the people; parallels the Chronicles verse by preserving the same tribal composition of the post‑exilic population.
- Nehemiah 7:44 (structural): Parallel census/listing material (Neh 7 parallels Ezra 2) that records Ephraim and Manasseh among those settled — reflects the same source tradition as 1 Chr 9:3.
- Judges 1:22–26 (thematic): Early account of Ephraim and Manasseh taking and settling towns in the land; thematically related to the presence and settlement patterns of these tribes among Israel’s inhabitants mentioned in 1 Chr 9:3.
Alternative generated candidates
- And in Jerusalem dwelt some of the sons of Judah, and some of the sons of Benjamin, and some of the sons of Ephraim and of Manasseh.
- And in Jerusalem there dwelt some of the sons of Judah, and some of the sons of Benjamin, and some of the sons of Ephraim and of Manasseh.
1 C.9.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עותי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עמיהוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עמרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אמרי: VERB,qal,impv,2,f,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- מן: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- פרץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
Parallels
- Nehemiah 11:4 (quotation): A direct parallel — 1 Chronicles 9 and Nehemiah 11 contain nearly identical lists of those living in Jerusalem after the exile; this verse corresponds to the genealogical/household listings in Nehemiah 11:4.
- Nehemiah 7:6 (structural): Nehemiah 7 (and its parallel in Ezra 2) supplies the broader roster of returned exiles and families; 1 Chronicles 9’s catalogue of Jerusalem residents echoes the post‑exilic population lists found here.
- 1 Chronicles 2:5 (verbal): 1 Chronicles 2 gives the genealogy of Judah and of Perez (Peretz); the reference to descendants 'of Perez son of Judah' in 1 Chronicles 9:4 ties back to the genealogical material in 1 Chronicles 2.
- Genesis 38:29 (thematic): Genesis 38 narrates the birth of Perez (Peretz), the ancestor invoked in 1 Chronicles 9:4; the verse’s claim of descent 'of Perez son of Judah' alludes to Perez’s origin in Genesis.
Alternative generated candidates
- Othni son of Ammiahud, son of Omri, son of Imri, son of Bani, son of Perez, son of Judah.
- Othni son of Amahud, son of Amri, son of Ammi, son of Bani — of the sons of Perez, of Judah.
1 C.9.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- השילוני: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עשיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הבכור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ובניו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-40 (verbal): Parallel genealogical material for the tribe of Benjamin; many of the same family names and clan-lines that 1 Chr 9 repeats appear here (the chapter is an earlier version of the Benjaminite lists).
- Ezra 2:21-35 (thematic): Part of the postexilic roster of priests, Levites and temple servants who returned from Babylon; thematically parallels 1 Chr 9’s enumeration of families (including temple functionaries) settled in Jerusalem.
- Nehemiah 11:4-14 (structural): Lists inhabitants appointed to live in Jerusalem after the return—serves the same structural role as 1 Chr 9 (population and household listings for the restored community).
- 1 Chronicles 26:1-15 (thematic): Catalogue of gatekeepers and temple officers; parallels 1 Chr 9’s interest in families connected with temple service and administrative/guardian roles in Jerusalem.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the Shilonite family: Asaiah the firstborn and his sons.
- And of the Shilonites, Asaiah the firstborn and his sons.
1 C.9.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- זרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יעואל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחיהם: CONJ+NOUN,-,-,3,m,pl,prsuf
- שש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ותשעים: CONJ+NUM,card
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 2:6 (verbal): Lists the sons of Zerah by name—directly related genealogical material that corresponds to the Zerah family counted in 1 Chr 9:6.
- Genesis 38:30 (allusion): Records the birth of Zerah (the twin of Perez), the origin of the Zerah line mentioned in Chronicles; establishes the ancestral root for the family counted here.
- Ruth 4:18-22 (structural): Gives the genealogical list from Perez (Judah) to David; situates the Zerah/Perez households within the broader Judahite genealogy to which 1 Chr 9:6 belongs.
- Ezra 2:1-70 (structural): Contains a catalogue of exiles and family counts returned to Judah—parallel material to 1 Chr 9, which preserves comparable population and family listings (the Chronicler often reworks Ezra’s lists).
- Nehemiah 7:6-73 (structural): A parallel recension of the returnee lists found in Ezra 2; Nehemiah’s census corresponds closely to the names and numerical traditions echoed in 1 Chr 9.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the sons of Zerah, Jehuel and his brethren, six hundred and ninety.
- And of the sons of Zerah, Jael and his brethren — six hundred and ninety.
1 C.9.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- בנימן: NOUN,m,sg,proper
- סלוא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משלם: VERB,piel,part,3,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הודויה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הסנאה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Nehemiah 11:7 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel — same roster of Benjaminite names (Sallu/Sela, son of Meshullam, son of Hodaviah, son of Hassenaah) appears in the list of inhabitants.
- 1 Chronicles 8:1-40 (structural): Parallel genealogy of the tribe of Benjamin — 1 Chronicles 9 repeats and reshuffles material found throughout chapter 8, which records Benjaminite lineages.
- 1 Chronicles 9:1-44 (structural): Immediate literary parallel — this verse is part of the chapter's larger inventory of Jerusalem inhabitants and priestly/tribal genealogies, which functions as a restatement and reorganization of earlier genealogical material.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the sons of Benjamin: Sallai son of Meshillem, son of Hodaviah, son of Hananah.
- And of the sons of Benjamin, Sallu son of Meshillem, son of Hodaviah, son of Hassenaah.
1 C.9.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מכרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומשלם: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שפטיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רעואל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יבניה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 8:29-40 (verbal): A closely parallel Benjaminite genealogy: many of the same personal names and family links appear in 1 Chr 8, which Chronicles repeats/rearranges in 1 Chr 9.
- Ezra 2:1-70 (thematic): Comprehensive list of returnees and families after the exile; 1 Chr 9 shares the post‑exilic interest in identifying inhabitants/lineages of Jerusalem and preserves names found in returnee lists.
- Nehemiah 7:6-73 (quotation): Nehemiah 7 largely duplicates the Ezra 2 roster of returned exiles; it provides a parallel post‑exilic population list that relates to the city‑inhabitant/genealogical material in 1 Chr 9.
- Nehemiah 11:10-14 (thematic): Lists of inhabitants and family heads in Jerusalem (including Benjaminites); parallels the local household and tribal‑identity concerns evident in 1 Chr 9:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jebaniah son of Jeroham, and Elah son of Azzi son of Maachri, and Meshillem son of Shephatiah son of Reuel son of Jebaniah.
- And Jebaniah son of Jeroham, and Elah son of Uzi son of Machri, and Meshillem son of Shephatiah son of Reuel son of Jebaniah.
1 C.9.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחיהם: CONJ+NOUN,-,-,3,m,pl,prsuf
- לתלדותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תשע: NUM,card
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- וחמשים: CONJ+NUM,card,pl,m
- וששה: CONJ+NUM,card,pl
- כל: DET
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- אנשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- אבות: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- אבתיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,3mp
Parallels
- Ezra 2:1-70 (structural): 1 Chronicles 9 draws its roster of returnees and household heads from the list recorded in Ezra 2; the chapter repeats the same names and numbers (the catalogue of those who returned from exile).
- Nehemiah 7:6-73 (structural): Nehemiah 7 preserves a parallel recitation of the returnees' genealogy and population figures found also in 1 Chronicles 9, including the identification of household 'heads' by families.
- Numbers 1:16 (verbal): The phrase 'heads of their fathers' houses' (or similar) appears in Numbers in the context of a census and designation of tribal/family chiefs — a formula echoed in 1 Chronicles 9 when listing chiefs by household.
- Nehemiah 11:1-2 (thematic): Nehemiah 11 discusses the settlement of Jerusalem and names of principal families and leaders in the city, paralleling 1 Chronicles 9’s concern with household heads and the organization of returned exiles.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their brethren, according to their genealogies, were nine hundred and fifty-six—these were all the heads of fathers' houses of their clans.
- And their brethren, according to their genealogies, were nine hundred and fifty-six; all these were heads of fathers' houses.
1 C.9.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ידעיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהויריב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויכין: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezra 2:36 (quotation): Lists the same priestly names/households (Jedaiah, Jehoiarib, Jachin) in the post-exilic register—direct verbal correspondence with 1 Chr 9:10.
- Nehemiah 7:40 (quotation): Parallel version of Ezra’s returnee list (Neh 7 repeats Ezra 2), naming the same priests/households (Jedaiah, Jehoiarib, Jachin).
- 1 Chronicles 24:7 (structural): 1 Chr 24 outlines the divisions/courses of the priests; names such as Jehoiarib, Jedaiah and Jachin appear there as established priestly courses—structural/background parallel.
- Nehemiah 12:1–7 (structural): Lists returning priests and the organization of priestly courses in the restoration period; echoes the same priestly names and organizational framework reflected in 1 Chr 9:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the priests: Jedaiah, Jehoiarib, and Jakin.
- And of the priests: Jedaiah, Jehoiarib, and Jakin.
1 C.9.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועזריה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חלקיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משלם: VERB,piel,part,3,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צדוק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מריות: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיטוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- נגיד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 2 Chronicles 31:13 (verbal): Names the same officer, 'Azariah son of Hilkiah,' appointed over the service/treasuries of the house of the LORD — a direct verbal and functional parallel to 'נָגִיד בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים.'
- 1 Chronicles 6:10-13 (verbal): Priestly genealogy that includes Ahitub, Meraioth, Zadok, Meshillem/Hilkiah and Azariah — parallels the lineage given in 1 Chr 9:11 (genealogical/verbal correspondence).
- Ezekiel 44:15 (thematic): Speaks of the Zadokite priests who ministered faithfully and therefore served in the sanctuary — thematically connects to the Zadok→Meraioth→Ahitub priestly line referenced in 1 Chr 9:11.
- 1 Chronicles 24:1-6 (structural): Describes the organization/divisions of the priesthood under heads descended from Aaron and Zadok; provides structural context for the priestly offices and overseers like the Azariah of 1 Chr 9:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Azariah son of Hilkiah son of Meshillem son of Zadok son of Meraioth son of Ahitub, the leader of the house of God.
- And Azariah son of Hilkiah, son of Meshillem, son of Zadok, son of Meraioth, son of Ahitub — the ruler of the house of God.
1 C.9.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועדיה: CONJ+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פשחור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלכיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUFF:3,m,sg
- ומעשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עדיאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יחזרה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משלם: VERB,piel,part,3,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משלמית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ezra 2 (verbal): Ezra 2 is the parallel list of returnees from Babylon; many of the same family and personal names that appear in 1 Chr 9 occur verbatim in Ezra’s genealogy/registration of those who returned.
- Nehemiah 7 (verbal): Nehemiah 7 largely repeats the register found in Ezra 2/1 Chr 9; names and family groupings corresponding to the Jerusalem inhabitants in 1 Chr 9 are reiterated here.
- Nehemiah 11 (structural): Nehemiah 11 gives the distribution of people who settled in Jerusalem (including gatekeepers and families), paralleling the function and placement of the names listed in 1 Chr 9.
- 1 Chronicles 8 (thematic): Chapter 8 contains related genealogical material (especially of Benjamin) and shares overlapping family lines and names with the lists in 1 Chr 9, reflecting the Chronicler’s genealogical compilation tradition.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Adaiah son of Jeroham son of Pashhur son of Malchiah; and Maaseiah son of Adiel son of Jozrah son of Meshillem son of Meshillemoth son of Amar.
- And Adaiah son of Jeroham son of Pashhur son of Malchiah; and Maaseiah son of Adiel son of Jachazra son of Meshillem son of Meshillemoth son of Ammar.
1 C.9.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחיהם: CONJ+NOUN,-,-,3,m,pl,prsuf
- ראשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- אבותם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- אלף: NUM,m,sg
- ושבע: NUM,m,sg,abs
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- וששים: CONJ+NUM,card,pl,m
- גבורי: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלאכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- עבודת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Nehemiah 7:46 (verbal): Parallel census-listing of temple workers ("temple servants/Nethinim") and numeric enumeration of those assigned to the service of the house of God, reflecting the same administrative/servant role.
- Ezra 2:43-44 (structural): Ezra’s returnee lists enumerate Levites, gatekeepers and temple servants (with numbers)—a structural parallel to Chronicles’ cataloguing of heads of families and skilled men for temple work.
- 1 Chronicles 23:28-32 (thematic): Assignment and organization of Levites "for the service of the house of the Lord," including age qualifications and duties—the same theme of organizing skilled personnel for temple service.
- 1 Chronicles 25:1-3 (thematic): David’s appointment of gifted men (musicians) for the service of the house of God—another instance of selecting skilled personnel specifically for temple ministry and worship.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their brethren, heads of their fathers' houses, were one thousand seven hundred and seventy—valiant men of might for the work of the service of the house of God.
- And their brethren, heads of fathers' houses, were one thousand seven hundred and sixty — mighty men of valor, competent for the tasks of the service of the house of God.
1 C.9.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- שמעיה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חשוב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזריקם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חשביה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מן: PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- מררי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Nehemiah 11:18 (quotation): Almost verbatim parallel — lists the same Levitical name (Shemaiah son of Hasshub son of Azrikam son of Hashabiah) as one of the Merarite Levites in the post‑exilic Jerusalem roster.
- 1 Chronicles 23:6 (structural): Chronicle’s broader Levite genealogy and organization: identifies the three main Levitical families (Gershon, Kohath, Merari) to which the person named in 1 Chr 9:14 belongs.
- Numbers 3:29–31 (allusion): Gives the tribal/familial distinction of the Merarite Levites and their charges — provides the foundational context for identifying someone as ‘of the sons of Merari.’
- Exodus 6:16–19 (verbal): Ancestral genealogy of Levi’s descendants (including Merari); supplies the ultimate patriarchal background for Merarite identification used in 1 Chronicles 9:14.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the Levites: Shemaiah son of Hashob son of Azrikam son of Hashabiah, of the sons of Merari.
- And of the Levites: Shemaiah son of Hashub, son of Azrikam, son of Hashabiah, of the sons of Merari.
1 C.9.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובקבקר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חרש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וגלל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומתניה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מיכא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- זכרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:13-18 (verbal): Lists many of the same gatekeepers (Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, etc.) and their duties — a parallel gatekeeper roster with overlapping names and functions.
- Ezra 2:40–70; Nehemiah 7:42–69 (structural): 1 Chronicles 9 recapitulates the returnees and temple personnel lists found in Ezra 2 and Nehemiah 7; the chapter mirrors the post‑exilic census and assignments of temple servants and gatekeepers.
- 1 Chronicles 25:1–3 (allusion): Provides the genealogy and ministerial roles of Asaph’s descendants (musicians and Levites), to whom the phrase “son of Asaph” in 1 Chr 9:15 connects this Mattaniah genealogically and functionally.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31–48 (thematic): Levitical genealogies in ch. 6 establish the larger priestly/Levitical background (including Asaph’s line) that 1 Chr 9 presupposes when naming Mattaniah son of Micha son of Zechariah son of Asaph.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Bakbakar, Harash, Giddel, and Mattaniah son of Micha son of Zichri son of Asaph.
- And Bakbuk, Harsha, and Galal, and Mattaniah son of Micha son of Zechariah son of Asaph.
1 C.9.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועבדיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שמעיה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גלל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ידותון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וברכיה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,suff,3,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אסא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלקנה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- היושב: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- בחצרי: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,cons
- נטופתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:1-19 (structural): Another administrative list of gatekeepers and their families; parallels 1 Chron 9's cataloging of temple servants and the organization of gatekeeping duty.
- 1 Chronicles 25:1-8 (verbal): Lists the descendants of Jeduthun (Yedothun) as Levitical musicians; connects to the appearance of Yedothun in 1 Chr 9:16 as an ancestral name and the Levite/musical tradition.
- 1 Chronicles 16:41-42 (verbal): Records that some of Jeduthun's sons (the Yedothun line) served as singers and gatekeepers before the ark—verbal and functional overlap with the Yedothun lineage named in 1 Chr 9:16.
- Nehemiah 11:22-23 (thematic): A post‑exilic list of residents and Levites in Jerusalem that includes gatekeepers; thematically parallels 1 Chr 9's preservation of genealogies and temple-service roles in the returned community.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Obadiah son of Shemaiah son of Galli son of Jeduthun; and Berekiah son of Asa son of Elkanah, who dwelt in the courts of the Netophathites.
- And Obadiah son of Shemaiah son of Galal son of Jeduthun, and Berekiah son of Asa son of Elkanah, who dwelt in the courts of the Netophathites.
1 C.9.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והשערים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- שלום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועקוב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וטלמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחימן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחיהם: CONJ+NOUN,-,-,3,m,pl,prsuf
- שלום: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezra 2:42 (quotation): Lists the same gatekeepers (Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman and their brothers) in the returnees' register; repeats the wording and names, with Shallum as chief.
- Nehemiah 7:45 (quotation): Parallel to Ezra 2:42 (the Nehemiah recension of the Ezra list), giving the same roster of gatekeepers and identifying Shallum as the principal.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20 (verbal): Another Chronicle passage that inventories the gatekeepers and their leaders; repeats several of the same names and treats their official role in the temple household.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the gatekeepers: Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, and their brothers—Shallum was the chief.
- And the gatekeepers were Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, and their brethren — Shallum the chief.
1 C.9.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- הנה: PART
- בשער: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מזרחה: ADV,dir
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- השערים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- למחנות: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- לוי: PROPN,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:17 (structural): Immediate context: the preceding verse names the same gatekeepers and introduces the statement about the east gate toward the camps of the Levites (direct continuation within the same pericope).
- 1 Chronicles 26:17-18 (structural): Later parallel account of gate assignments and the Levites' duties at the gates, repeating the information about which gates faced the Levites' encampments and who served as porters.
- Ezra 2:42-43 (verbal): Parallel list of gatekeepers/porters (Shallum, Akkub, etc.) in the post-exilic register; closely corresponds to the names and functions found in 1 Chronicles 9, showing a shared source/tradition about Levite gate service.
- Nehemiah 12:25 (thematic): Speaks of porters/Levites stationed at every gate and keeping the thresholds, echoing the theme of Levite responsibility for gates and their placement relative to the camps and service.
Alternative generated candidates
- And to this day they were at the king’s gate toward the east; these gates were for the camps of the sons of Levi.
- And until now they were at the king's gate, eastward; they were the gates for the camps of the Levites.
1 C.9.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושלום: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קורא: VERB,qal,ptc,NA,m,sg
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אביסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואחיו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- הקרחים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- על: PREP
- מלאכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- העבודה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- שמרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הספים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לאהל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואבתיהם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- על: PREP
- מחנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- שמרי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המבוא: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Nehemiah 11:19 (quotation): Almost verbatim parallel: names (Shallum son of Kore son of Ebiasaph son of Korah) and function as gatekeepers/keepers of the thresholds are listed in the same way.
- 1 Chronicles 26:1-19 (structural): Another gatekeeper list in Chronicles describing families, lots and duties of the gatekeepers—parallels the assignment of Korahite gatekeeping duties and the structural organization of temple/camp service.
- 1 Chronicles 6:22-28 (thematic): Genealogical list of the Levites that includes the descendants of Korah and situates the Korahites within Levitical service, providing background for their temple roles.
- Numbers 26:11 (allusion): Notes that ‘the sons of Korah did not die,’ explaining why Korah’s descendants continued to exist and serve in Levitical roles such as gatekeeping in later lists.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Shallum son of Kore son of Abisaph son of Korah, and his kin of the house of Korah, were on the work of service—keepers of the thresholds of the tent—and their fathers were keepers of the entrance to the camp of the LORD.
- And Shallum son of Kore, son of Abisaph, son of Korah, and his brethren, of the house of the Korahites, were on the service of the work — keepers of the thresholds of the Tent; and their fathers were over the camp of the LORD, keepers of the entrance.
1 C.9.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ופינחס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,prop
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלעזר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נגיד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- לפנים: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Numbers 25:7-13 (allusion): Names Phinehas son of Eleazar executing zeal for the LORD and receiving a covenant/everlasting priesthood—connects the same priestly figure acting 'before the LORD.'
- Exodus 6:25 (verbal): Gives the genealogy 'Eleazar the son of Aaron begot Phinehas,' linking Phinehas to Eleazar and the Aaronic priestly line noted in 1 Chr 9:20.
- 1 Chronicles 6:4 (structural): Genealogical listing in Chronicles of Aaron → Eleazar → Phinehas, situating Phinehas within the priestly roster and the broader Levitical/chronological structure.
- Hebrews 7:11-12 (thematic): Discusses the nature and authority of priesthoods before the Lord; thematically parallels concerns about priestly office and leadership exemplified by Phinehas 'over them before the LORD.'
Alternative generated candidates
- And Phinehas son of Eleazar was ruler over them before the LORD.
- And Phinehas son of Eleazar was appointed over them; he was chief over them before the LORD.
1 C.9.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זכריה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משלמיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שער: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פתח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאהל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מועד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:20 (verbal): Immediate context: the surrounding verses list the same class of porters/gatekeepers at the tent of meeting and use the same terminology and function as v.21.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20 (structural): Another catalogue of gatekeepers/doorkeepers that explains the organization of temple gate service and echoes the role named in 1 Chr 9:21.
- Ezra 2:43 (cf. Nehemiah 7:46) (verbal): Postexilic list of gatekeepers by name; parallels the chronicler’s practice of preserving temple personnel lists and contains many of the same offices and family names.
- Numbers 3:6–9 (thematic): Foundational assignment of the Levites to the care of the tent of meeting and its service; provides the institutional background for later gatekeeper/doorkeeper roles mentioned in Chronicles.
Alternative generated candidates
- Zechariah son of Meshelemiah was gatekeeper at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
- Zechariah son of Meshelemiah — gatekeeper, opener of the Tent of Meeting.
1 C.9.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כלם: PRON,3,m,pl
- הברורים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- לשערים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בספים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מאתים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- ושנים: CONJ+NUM,m,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- בחצריהם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,m,pl
- התיחשם: VERB,hitp,perf,3,m,pl
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- יסד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושמואל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הראה: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- באמונתם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,pos,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:15-19 (verbal): Parallel roster of gatekeepers/porters (including the total number and their assignments); repeats the same administrative material about the gatekeepers established in David's time.
- 1 Chronicles 9:17 (structural): Immediate intratextual parallel in the same chapter that also enumerates the gatekeepers/threshold-keepers and their duties — complements v.22's summary statement about their appointment.
- Ezra 2:42 (thematic): Post‑exilic list of temple gatekeepers/porters; shows continuity of the office and echoes the function and family groups described in Chronicles.
- Nehemiah 7:44 (thematic): Parallel version of the Ezra return-list (Nehemiah/Ezra parallel) listing gatekeepers — confirms the ongoing institutional role recorded in 1 Chronicles.
Alternative generated candidates
- All of them were set apart for the gates—two hundred and twelve were in their chambers; they were entrusted to their duty, for David and Samuel the seer had established them in their faithfulness.
- All these were the chosen gatekeepers, two hundred and twelve in their chambers; they had been appointed by David, and by Samuel the seer, faithful men.
1 C.9.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והם: CONJ+PRON,3,m,pl
- ובניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,3mp
- על: PREP
- השערים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- האהל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- למשמרות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:1 (verbal): Describes gatekeepers (porters) at the house of the LORD — same office and function as those assigned to the gates in 1 Chron 9:23.
- 1 Chronicles 9:22 (structural): Immediate context in the same chapter naming Shallum as porter and detailing the families assigned to gate service and temple duties.
- Ezra 2:42 (thematic): Lists the gatekeepers among the returnees from exile (Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, etc.), showing continuity of the porter/gatekeeper office at the temple.
- Nehemiah 7:46 (thematic): Parallel list of temple gatekeepers in the postexilic community (mirrors Ezra 2), indicating the ongoing role of gate-keeping at Jerusalem’s sacred precincts.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they and their sons were at the gates of the house of the LORD and at the tent, for the watches.
- And they and their sons were at the gates of the house of the LORD, at the Tent, for their watchings.
1 C.9.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לארבע: PREP+NUM,f,sg
- רוחות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- השערים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- מזרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- צפונה: ADV
- ונגבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Nehemiah 12:39 (structural): Describes the procession and lists the gates by the four cardinal directions (east, north, west, south), paralleling the orientation of gates on four sides.
- 1 Chronicles 26:15-19 (verbal): Discusses the division of gatekeepers and duties connected to the gates on the east, north, south and west—same concern with gates arranged on four sides of the city/temple area.
- Ezekiel 48:31-34 (thematic): In the vision of the restored land the city has gates on each side (east, north, west, south), reflecting the motif of gates oriented to the four quarters.
- Revelation 21:13 (allusion): Describes the New Jerusalem as having gates on the east, north, south and west (three gates on each side), echoing the biblical tradition of placing gates on all four cardinal points.
Alternative generated candidates
- The gates were for the four directions: east, west, north, and south.
- The gates were toward the four winds — east, west, north, and south.
1 C.9.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואחיהם: CONJ+NOUN,-,-,3,m,pl,prsuf
- בחצריהם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,m,pl
- לבוא: VERB,qal,inf
- לשבעת: PREP+NUM,m,sg,cons
- הימים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- מעת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- עת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- עם: PREP
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 23:28-32 (structural): Describes the divisions and scheduled service of Levites/gatekeepers—like 1 Chr 9:25, it sets out rotational duties and times of coming to perform service.
- 1 Chronicles 26:15-19 (thematic): Details the organization, casting of lots, and duties of the gatekeepers/porters at the thresholds, paralleling the gatekeepers' assignments and attendance in courts.
- Nehemiah 12:44-47 (thematic): Treats the Levites, singers, and porters appointed for temple service and the dedication procession and their ongoing duties—parallel to the appointed coming of gatekeepers for set days.
- Nehemiah 7:67-69 (verbal): Lists the gatekeepers and their residence in Jerusalem; parallels 1 Chr 9:25 in naming/stationing gatekeepers and their presence in the courts for service.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their brethren in their courts came in on their appointed times—seven days at a time—along with these.
- And their brethren were in their chambers, to enter in on the seven days, at appointed times, with these.
1 C.9.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- באמונה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- המה: PRON,3,m,pl
- ארבעת: NUM,card,m,pl,construct
- גברי: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- השערים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- האצרות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:20 (verbal): Specifies Levites (Kohathites) as officers of the treasuries of the house of the LORD — closely parallels the charge over storerooms/treasures in 1 Chr 9:26.
- 1 Chronicles 9:22 (structural): Immediate context in the same chapter listing the gatekeepers by name and their faithful service; reinforces the identification of these officials as Levites serving at the gates and storerooms.
- Nehemiah 12:25 (thematic): Records the appointment of porters/gatekeepers in post‑exilic Jerusalem; parallels the role and organization of Levites assigned to gates and service in the temple.
- 2 Chronicles 8:14 (thematic): Describes setting porters at every gate of the temple so the unclean would not enter — parallels the function of gatekeepers/Levites guarding access and maintaining the sanctity and goods of the house of God.
Alternative generated candidates
- For by faithfulness they were the four chief gatekeepers; they were Levites, and they were over the treasuries and storerooms of the house of God.
- For in faithfulness they were the four principal gatekeepers — the Levites — and they were over the chambers and treasuries of the house of God.
1 C.9.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וסביבות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ילינו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- כי: CONJ
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- משמרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והם: CONJ+PRON,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- המפתח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ולבקר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבקר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 9:22 (verbal): Same section listing the gatekeepers/porters; mentions their station at the thresholds and their custodial duties (closely parallels 'they were by the gates').
- 1 Chronicles 9:24 (structural): Immediate parallel within the chapter enumerating the porters and their assignments to the various gates—same context of guarding the temple entrances.
- 1 Chronicles 26:18-19 (verbal): Later, more detailed account of the gatekeepers' duties: they lodged around the house of God and served at the gates morning and evening—language and function closely mirror 1 Chr 9:27.
- Nehemiah 12:25 (thematic): Describes appointment of porters who 'kept the watch of the gates'; parallels the institutional role of gatekeepers guarding the temple and serving at set times.
Alternative generated candidates
- And around the house of God they lodged, for the guard was their charge; they were over the bolts and opened each morning.
- And they lodged round about the house of God, for their charge was upon them; they were the keepers of the keys, morning by morning.
1 C.9.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומהם: CONJ+PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- כלי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- העבודה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- במספר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יביאום: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg+prn:3,pl
- ובמספר: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יוציאום: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg+prn:3,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 4:1-15 (thematic): Instructions for the Kohathite Levites to care for and carry the sanctuary vessels, with specific rules and numbering/assigning of duties—parallels the Chronicles note about officers over the work instruments and regulated bringing out and putting away.
- 1 Chronicles 26:20-28 (structural): Another lists-of-officers passage within Chronicles that assigns gatekeepers and men over the treasures and service of the house; closely parallels the function and organization of those charged with temple vessels in 1 Chr 9:28.
- Nehemiah 12:44 (thematic): Speaks of men appointed over the storerooms, contributions, firstfruits and tithes—parallels the appointment of officials to supervise temple property and the orderly receipt and issuance of sacred items.
- 2 Chronicles 31:11-15 (thematic): During Hezekiah’s reforms officials are set over the house of the LORD to collect, count and distribute offerings and provisions—parallels the accountability and regulated handling of sacred instruments implied in 1 Chr 9:28.
Alternative generated candidates
- And some of them were over the instruments of work; they received them and issued them by number.
- And some were over the work instruments; for by number they brought them in, and by number they brought them out.
1 C.9.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומהם: CONJ+PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ממנים: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- הכלים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- כל: DET
- כלי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- הסלת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- והיין: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- והשמן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- והלבונה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- והבשמים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:20-28 (verbal): Lists Levites and officials assigned to the treasuries and stores of the house of the LORD—duties over sacred vessels and provision-rooms parallel to appointment over vessels, flour, wine, oil, incense and spices.
- 2 Chronicles 31:13 (verbal): Describes officers appointed over the chambers, the vessels of the house of God, and the treasuries of the dedicated things—directly parallels management of temple vessels and supplies.
- Ezra 6:9-10 (thematic): Royal decree ordering provision of what is needed for the house of God (bulls, rams, lambs, grain offerings, incense, and everything required daily) — parallels the listing of flour, wine, oil, frankincense and spices for temple service.
- Nehemiah 12:44 (verbal): Records that certain were appointed over the chambers for the stores and over the tithes and offerings for the Levites and singers—parallels the institutional arrangement for receiving and guarding temple provisions.
Alternative generated candidates
- And some were officers over the vessels and over all the holy vessels, and over the fine flour and the wine and the oil and the incense and the spices.
- And some were officers over the vessels and over all the holy vessels, and over the fine flour and the wine and the oil and the incense and the spices.
1 C.9.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- רקחי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- המרקחת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- לבשמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 30:22-25 (verbal): Gives the recipe and making of the holy anointing oil — connects with the priestly craft of preparing ointments/perfumes mentioned in 1 Chr 9:30.
- Exodus 30:34-38 (verbal): Prescribes the sacred incense (perfume) for the sanctuary; relates to the specialized production of fragrances for cultic use by priests/perfumers.
- Leviticus 8:12 (thematic): Moses anoints Aaron with oil at his consecration — links the priestly role with anointing oils and the use of perfumed substances.
- Psalm 133:2 (thematic): Compares unity to the precious oil on Aaron's head that ran down — imagery ties priestly anointing and fragrant oil to the priestly office.
- Song of Solomon 1:12 (thematic): Uses the aroma of spikenard and perfumes as cultic/royal fragrance imagery; thematically parallels biblical interest in costly perfumed oils and their makers.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the priests were the perfumers who prepared the spices.
- And of the sons of the priests were the perfumers, who prepared the fragrant mixtures.
1 C.9.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומתתיה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מן: PREP
- הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- הבכור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לשלם: INF,qal,inf
- הקרחי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- באמונה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- מעשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- החבתים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:20 (verbal): Uses the same language and function—members of the Levites/Korahites charged 'over the keepers of the thresholds' (gatekeepers), a near-verbatim parallel to the office named in 1 Chr 9:31.
- Nehemiah 11:16-17 (structural): Parallel list of priests and Levites assigned to Jerusalem; the lists in Nehemiah correspond closely to the chronicler’s catalogue of gatekeepers and Levite officials in 1 Chronicles 9.
- Numbers 3:6-10 (thematic): Regulatory background for Levites’ service: Levites appointed to care for the sanctuary and to stand in place of the firstborn—helps explain the designation and duties of Levites (including gatekeepers) in Chronicles.
- Ezra 2:61-63 (structural): Another post-exilic roster of priests, Levites, and temple servants (including gatekeepers); Ezra’s list is a source background for the Chronicler’s similar cataloguing of temple personnel.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Mattithiah of the Levites was chief, to give to the perfumers faithfully for the service of the duties.
- And Mattithiah of the Levites was the first to give unto the perfumers faithfully concerning the work of the chambers.
1 C.9.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומן: CONJ+PREP
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- הקהתי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- מן: PREP
- אחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המערכת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- להכין: VERB,hiph,inf
- שבת: VERB,qal,inf
- שבת: VERB,qal,inf
Parallels
- Leviticus 24:8 (verbal): Specifically states the showbread is to be set in order every Sabbath—language closely parallels ‘to arrange it every Sabbath’ in 1 Chr 9:32.
- Leviticus 24:5-9 (structural): Gives the ritual instructions for the twelve loaves of the bread of the Presence and their placement before the LORD, the background for the Levites’ task in 1 Chr 9:32.
- Exodus 25:30 (verbal): Commands that the bread of the Presence be set on the table before God continually—establishes the cultic object the Kohathites are preparing in 1 Chr 9:32.
- 1 Samuel 21:6 (thematic): Refers to the ‘bread of the Presence’ (consecrated bread) given to David—connects to the same showbread that Levites prepared and arranged on Sabbaths.
- Mark 2:26 (allusion): Jesus cites David eating the consecrated bread (and the priests’ Sabbath profaning) to justify his disciples—echoes the tradition of the showbread and Sabbath handling referenced in 1 Chr 9:32.
Alternative generated candidates
- And of the sons of Kohath, from their brethren, to prepare the showbread—each Sabbath in turn.
- And of the sons of Kohath, among their brethren, were those appointed to set the showbread in order, to prepare it every Sabbath.
1 C.9.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- המשררים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- אבות: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- ללוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בלשכת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- פטורים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- יומם: ADV
- ולילה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- במלאכה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Chronicles 26:20-28 (verbal): Lists gatekeepers/porters and their duties over storerooms and treasuries of the house of the LORD—language and function closely parallel the 'chambers of the storehouse' and Levite porters in 1 Chr 9:33.
- 1 Chronicles 6:31-48 (verbal): Gives the Levitical divisions and porters entrusted with the service and treasuries of the sanctuary; parallels the assignment of Levites to temple work and custody of offerings/rooms.
- Nehemiah 12:25 (structural): Names Levites and gatekeepers appointed to service and to dwell at the gates/thresholds; parallels the postexilic organization of Levites as temple porters and attendants.
- Psalm 134:1 (thematic): Calls on 'servants of the LORD who stand by night in the house of the LORD,' echoing the day-and-night aspect of temple service noted in 1 Chr 9:33.
Alternative generated candidates
- These were the singers, heads of the fathers' houses of the Levites, in the chamber of the treasuries; day and night their work was upon them.
- These are the gatekeepers, the heads of the fathers of the Levites in the chambers of the keepers; for day and night they were on their work.
1 C.9.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- האבות: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ללוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לתלדותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ראשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- ישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 4:2 (verbal): Commands to take the census of the Kohathites 'by their families' (לְמִשְׁפָּחוֹתָם) echo the phrase 'to their families' describing Levitical heads in 1 Chron 9:34.
- Numbers 3:6 (thematic): Establishes the Levitical clan-structure and duties ('bring the tribe of Levi near')—background for later lists of Levitical heads and their residence in the sanctuary/land.
- 1 Chronicles 23:6 (structural): Within Chronicles David's organization and numbering of the Levites parallels 1 Chr 9:34’s naming of the heads of the Levitical fathers' houses and their arrangements.
- Ezra 2:40 (allusion): A post‑exilic list of Levites who returned to Jerusalem (names and numbers) corresponds to 1 Chr 9’s concern with Levites dwelling in Jerusalem after the exile.
Alternative generated candidates
- These are the heads of the fathers of the Levites, by their genealogies—these were the chiefs who dwelt in Jerusalem.
- These are the heads of the fathers of the Levites, according to their families; these were the ones who dwelt in Jerusalem.
And the first inhabitants who dwelt in their holdings in their cities: Israel, the priests, the Levites, and the Nethinim. And in Jerusalem dwelt some of the sons of Judah, and some of the sons of Benjamin, and some of the sons of Ephraim and of Manasseh.
Uthai son of Ammihud, son of Amri, son of Imri, son of Bani, son of Perez, son of Judah. And of the Shilonites: Asaiah the firstborn and his sons. And of the sons of Zerah: Jeuel and his brethren—six hundred and ninety. And of the sons of Benjamin: Sallu son of Meshullam, son of Hodaviah, son of Hushah. And Ibneiah son of Jehoram, and Elah son of Azariah son of Maachah, and Meshullam son of Shephatiah son of Reuel son of Ibneiah. And their brothers, by their genealogies, were nine hundred and fifty-six. All these were heads of fathers' houses, men of standing in their ancestral households. And of the priests: Jedaiah, Jehoiarib, and Jachin. And Azariah son of Hilkiah son of Meshullam son of Zadok son of Meraioth son of Ahitub—officer over the house of God. And Adaiah son of Jeroham son of Pashhur son of Malchiah; and Maaseiah son of Adiel son of Jehozrah son of Meshullam son of Meshillemoth son of Ammihud. And their brothers, heads of fathers' houses, were one thousand seven hundred and sixty—able men for the work of the service of the house of God. And of the Levites: Shemaiah son of Hashub, son of Azrikam, son of Hashabiah, of the sons of Merari. And Bakbuk, Harhur, and Golah, and Mattaniah son of Micha son of Zechariah son of Asaph. And Obadiah son of Shemaiah son of Galal son of Jeduthun; and Berechiah son of Asa son of Elkanah, who dwelt in the villages of Netophah. And the gatekeepers: Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, and their brethren—Shallum being the chief. And until that day they were at the king's gate eastward; those were the gates for the camps of the Levites. And Shallum son of Kore son of Abisaph son of Korah, and his brothers, of the fathers of the Korahites, were over the work, keeping the thresholds of the tent; and their fathers were over the camp of the LORD, keepers of the entry. And Phinehas son of Eleazar was appointed over them, before the LORD, as their chief.
Zechariah son of Meshelemiah was gatekeeper for the opening of the Tent of Meeting.
All of them were the chosen gatekeepers at the thresholds—two hundred and twelve were in their chambers; they were set in their service by David and Samuel, who confirmed them in faithfulness.
They and their sons were at the gates of the house of the LORD, at the Tent, for the watches.
The gates were arranged for the four quarters—east, west, north, and south. And their brethren in their chambers came in at appointed times, from time to time, with these.
For the four chief gatekeepers were Levites, and they were over the treasuries and storehouses of the house of God.
They lodged round about the house of God, for to them belonged the ward; they were over the bolts and opened every morning. And some of them were over the instruments of service, to bring in and to take out by number. And some were officers over the vessels and over all the sacred vessels and over the fine flour and the wine and the oil and the incense and the spices. And of the priests were the perfumers of the spices. And Mattithiah of the Levites was first to give to the perfumers; he was faithful in the work of the treasuries. And of the sons of the Kohathites, among their brethren, were those appointed to prepare the shewbread to set it in order every Sabbath.
These were the singers, heads of the fathers' houses of the Levites, in the office of the divisions; day and night they were on their service.
These are the heads of the fathers of the Levites, according to their generations—the heads—these dwelt in Jerusalem.