Interpretation: The Little Horn and Final Deliverance
Daniel 7:15-28
Dan.7.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אתכרית: VERB,hithpael,perf,1,m,sg
- רוחי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
- אנה: ADV,interrog
- דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בגוא: PREP
- נדנה: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
- וחזוי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ראשי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- יבהלנני: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Dan.8.27 (verbal): Daniel again describes his physical and emotional collapse after a vision—language about being astonished/overwhelmed and lacking strength closely parallels 7:15's distress at the visions.
- Dan.10.8 (verbal): In Daniel's later vision he reports a similar bodily reaction (trembling, helplessness) when overwhelmed by a supernatural revelation, echoing the personal disturbance of 7:15.
- Isa.6.5 (thematic): Isaiah's shocked, humbled response to a divine vision ('Woe is me...') parallels Daniel's fear and inner turmoil upon receiving unsettling heavenly revelations.
- Hab.3.16 (thematic): Habakkuk describes bodily trembling and dread in reaction to a terrifying theophany, thematically akin to Daniel's disturbed spirit and frightened visions.
- Rev.1.17 (thematic): John's prostrate, terrified response to an exalted visionary figure mirrors Daniel's frightened reaction to his apocalyptic vision—both portray overwhelmed seers confronted by heavenly revelation.
Alternative generated candidates
- As for me, Daniel, my spirit was distressed within me, and the visions of my head alarmed me.
- I, Daniel, was disquieted in my spirit within me; the visions of my head terrified me.
Dan.7.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- קרבת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- על: PREP
- חד: NUM,card,m,sg
- מן: PREP
- קאמיא: PART,qal,pres,3,pl,m
- ויציבא: PART,qal,pres,3,pl,m
- אבעא: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- מנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- דנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- ופשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מליא: ADJ,m,sg
- יהודענני: VERB,peal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Dan.8.15-16 (verbal): Daniel hears a heavenly voice/angel say, 'I am come forth to make thee understand,' closely matching 7:16’s motif of approaching a standing figure who 'made known the interpretation.'
- Zech.1.9 (verbal): Zechariah asks his guiding angel 'What are these?' and the angel answers, paralleling Daniel’s approach to a standing figure to obtain explanation of a vision.
- Rev.17.7 (structural): An angel interprets a complex vision to John ('I will tell thee the mystery'), mirroring the structural pattern of a heavenly intermediary explaining symbolic visions to a seer as in Dan 7:16.
- Rev.4.1 (structural): A voice/angel invites John 'Come up hither, and I will shew thee things,' reflecting the recurring prophetic pattern where a heavenly guide reveals and explains visionary material to the prophet.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then I came near to one of those standing by and asked him the truth concerning all this. So he declared to me and made known the interpretation.
- I came near to one of those standing there and asked him the truth concerning all this. He told me and made the full meaning known to me.
Dan.7.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אלין: VERB,qal,imf,1,c,sg
- חיותא: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- רברבתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אנין: VERB,cop,pres,3,pl
- ארבע: NUM,card,f
- ארבעה: NUM,card,m,sg
- מלכין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יקומון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- מן: PREP
- ארעא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Dan.7.3-4 (verbal): Immediate narrative parallel: the vision first describes 'four great beasts' rising from the sea—same image and wording that 7:17 interprets as four kings/kingdoms.
- Dan.7.23 (structural): Exegetical parallel within the chapter: the angelic interpretation explicitly identifies the beasts as successive kingdoms, repeating and expanding the explanation given in 7:17.
- Dan.2.31-45 (thematic): Nebuchadnezzar's statue vision portrays four successive kingdoms (head of gold, chest of silver, etc.), a parallel theme of four successive empires corresponding to Daniel's four beasts.
- Dan.8.20-22 (allusion): The interpretation of the ram and he-goat names successive empires (Media/Persia and Greece) and 8:22 refers to the division into four notable parts of one kingdom—echoing the motif of successive/divided kingdoms found in 7:17.
- Rev.13.1 (thematic): John's vision of a beast rising from the sea that represents a power/kingdom parallels Daniel's use of beast imagery to symbolize earthly kingdoms and rulers.
Alternative generated candidates
- These great beasts, which are four, are four kings who shall arise from the earth.
- These great beasts, which are four, are four kings who shall arise from the earth.
Dan.7.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקבלון: VERB,peal,impf,3,m,pl
- מלכותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- קדישי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עליונין: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ויחסנון: VERB,peal,impf,3,m,pl
- מלכותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- עלמא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- עלם: ADV
- עלמיא: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Dan.7.27 (verbal): Reiterates the same promise that the kingdom and dominion will be given to the 'people, the saints of the Most High' and that their kingdom will be everlasting—close verbal and thematic parallel within the chapter.
- Dan.2.44 (verbal): Speaks of God setting up an everlasting kingdom in the days of the earthly kings—parallel idea that God's kingdom will be given and endure forever.
- Dan.7.22 (structural): Earlier in the vision the judgment is given to the saints of the Most High—connects the vindication/judicial awarding of kingdom to the saints with the outcome stated in 7:18.
- Rev.5.10 (thematic): Speaks of making believers 'kings and priests' who will reign on earth—matches Daniel's theme of the saints receiving rule and dominion.
- Rev.11.15 (thematic): Declares that 'the kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ' and that he will reign forever and ever—echoes the transfer of kingdom and its eternal duration found in Daniel 7:18.
Alternative generated candidates
- But the saints of the Most High shall receive the kingdom and possess the kingdom forever and ever.
- But the saints of the Most High will receive the kingdom, possess the kingdom, and will reign forever and ever.
Dan.7.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אדין: ADV
- צבית: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
- ליצבא: PREP
- על: PREP
- חיותא: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- רביעיתא: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הות: VERB,qal,perf,3,sg
- שניה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- מן: PREP
- כלהין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- דחילה: ADJ,f,sg
- יתירה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פרזל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וטפריה: CONJ,NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3,m,sg
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נחש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אכלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- מדקה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ושארא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ברגליה: PREP,NOUN,f,pl,poss3,m,sg
- רפסה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Daniel 7:7-8 (structural): Immediate context describing the fourth beast and its horns; repeats and expands the same imagery (fearful appearance, iron teeth/nails, ten horns).
- Daniel 7:23-25 (thematic): Interpretive oracle identifying the fourth beast as a fourth kingdom and explaining the significance of the horns—connects the terrifying beast-image to imperial/political rule.
- Daniel 2:40-43 (verbal): Daniel's earlier statue vision depicts a later kingdom as 'iron' and a divided kingdom (iron mixed with clay); echoes the iron imagery and theme of a strong, crushing power associated with the fourth kingdom.
- Revelation 13:1-2 (allusion): John's beast from the sea combines characteristics of earlier beasts and bears ten horns and blasphemous authority; draws on Danielic beast-imagery (terrifying composite creature and horn symbolism).
- Revelation 17:12-14 (thematic): Passage interprets ten horns as kings allied with a beast—directly echoes Daniel's horn-as-king motif and the political coalition implied by the vision.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then I desired to know the truth about the fourth beast, which was different from all the others, exceedingly terrifying; its teeth were iron, and its claws bronze; it devoured and crushed and stamped the residue with its feet.
- Then I desired to know the truth about the fourth beast, which was different from all the others, exceedingly dreadful, with large iron teeth; it devoured, broke in pieces, and stamped what remained with its feet.
Dan.7.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- קרניא: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בראשה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ואחרי: CONJ
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- סלקת: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ונפלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- מן: PREP
- קדמה: ADV
- תלת: NUM,card
- וקרנא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דכן: PRON,rel,3,m,sg
- ועינין: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- ופם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ממלל: VERB,qal,ptcp,ms,sg
- רברבן: ADJ,m,pl
- וחזוה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רב: ADJ,m,sg
- מן: PREP
- חברתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Daniel 7:8 (structural): An earlier verse in the same vision first introduces the 'little horn' rising among the ten horns and the uprooting of three horns — the same figure described in 7:20.
- Daniel 7:24-25 (thematic): The interpretation passage identifies the ten horns as kings and explains that another horn will arise, speak arrogantly, and persecute the holy ones, directly connecting identity and actions to the horn of 7:20.
- Daniel 8:9-12 (allusion): The 'little horn' motif recurs in chapter 8: a horn that grows great, exalts itself, and attacks the sanctuary — a parallel development of a boastful, oppressive ruler.
- Revelation 13:1-5 (verbal): The beast vision depicts a creature with ten horns and a mouth speaking blasphemies and arrogant words for a time, echoing the imagery of ten horns and a mouth 'speaking great things' in Daniel 7:20.
- Revelation 17:3-12 (structural): John's vision of a beast with ten horns identified as kings, including one horn that differs and receives authority, mirrors the structural motif of Daniel's ten horns and a distinguishing, domineering horn.
Alternative generated candidates
- As for the ten horns that were on its head, and after them another horn came up, before whom three of the first were plucked up— behold, that horn had eyes like the eyes of a man and a mouth speaking great things, and its appearance was greater than its fellows.
- As for the ten horns on its head, and after them another horn that came up—before which three fell—behold, that horn had eyes like a man and a mouth speaking great things, and it had a greater appearance than its companions.
Dan.7.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- חזה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הוית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- וקרנא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- דכן: PRON,rel,3,m,sg
- עבדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- קרב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עם: PREP
- קדישין: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ויכלה: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- להון: PREP+PRON,3,pl
Parallels
- Dan.7.25 (verbal): Same chapter's little horn described as opposing and 'wearing out' the saints—continuation/variation of the motif of a power persecuting God's people.
- Dan.8.24-25 (verbal): Vision of a king who destroys 'the mighty and the holy people' and works against the saints—language and theme of violent opposition to the holy.
- Rev.13.7 (verbal): Almost verbatim: the beast is given power 'to make war with the saints, and to overcome them'—a direct New Testament echo of Daniel's persecuting horn.
- Rev.11.7 (verbal): The beast that ascends from the abyss 'makes war' on the two witnesses and overcomes them—parallel imagery of a persecuting antagonist prevailing over God's witnesses.
- Rev.12.17 (thematic): The dragon goes off to make war with the remnant who keep God's commandments and hold the testimony of Jesus—the broader theme of cosmic/persecuting hostility toward the faithful.
Alternative generated candidates
- I kept watching because of the boastful words that horn spoke; it made war against the saints and prevailed over them.
- I saw that that horn made war with the saints and prevailed over them.
Dan.7.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עד: PREP
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- עתיק: ADJ,m,sg
- יומיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ודינא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לקדישי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עליונין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וזמנא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומלכותא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- החסנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קדישין: ADJ,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Daniel 7:13-14 (thematic): The 'Ancient of Days' gives 'one like a son of man' dominion, glory, and an everlasting kingdom—closely related thematically to the granting of judgment/kingdom to the saints in v.22.
- Daniel 7:18 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the chapter: explicitly states the saints of the Most High 'shall receive the kingdom and possess the kingdom,' echoing v.22's outcome.
- Daniel 7:27 (verbal): Recapitulation of the vision's conclusion: the kingdom, dominion, and greatness are given to the people of the saints—verbal reinforcement of v.22's theme.
- Revelation 11:15 (allusion): Proclaims that 'the kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ,' reflecting the New Testament appropriation of Daniel's motif of divine transfer of rule to God's people.
- Psalm 2:8-9 (thematic): Speaks of the divine granting of nations and authority to the Anointed One—shares the theme of God granting rule/possession of peoples to his chosen, paralleling Daniel's grant of the kingdom to the saints.
Alternative generated candidates
- Until the Ancient of Days came and judgment was given to the saints of the Most High, and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom.
- Until the Ancient of Days came and judgment was given to the saints of the Most High; and the time came for the saints to possess the kingdom.
Dan.7.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כן: ADV
- אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חיותא: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- רביעיתא: ADJ,f,sg,abs
- מלכו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- רביעאה: ADJ,ord,sg,f
- תהוא: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- בארעא: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תשנא: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- מן: PREP
- כל: DET
- מלכותא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ותאכל: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- כל: DET
- ארעא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ותדושנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg+3fs
- ותדקנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg+3fs
Parallels
- Daniel 7:7 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same vision—introduces the fourth beast with terrifying features and great strength, providing the descriptive basis for v.23's declaration about the fourth kingdom.
- Daniel 7:19-22 (structural): Contextual parallels that interpret and frame the fourth beast's identity and its eventual judgment—these verses ask about and explain the horn(s) and the saints' deliverance, linking to v.23's statement about the fourth kingdom's domination and subsequent fate.
- Daniel 2:40-43 (thematic): The statue vision identifies a fourth, iron kingdom that breaks and crushes all previous kingdoms—themes of unrivaled strength, mixture/weakness, and imperial dominion echo v.23's claim that the fourth kingdom will differ from all others and consume the earth.
- Daniel 8:23-25 (thematic): The prophecy of a fierce king (the 'little horn' in the ram-and-goat vision) who rises in latter times, destroys many, and is ultimately broken parallels v.23's depiction of a dominant, destructive ruler/kingdom and anticipates judgment against it.
- Revelation 13:1-7 (allusion): John's beast that wields worldwide authority, persecutes the saints, and exercises dominion over every people echoes Daniel's fourth beast/kingdom imagery—Revelation echoes Danielic motifs of a blasphemous, world-dominating power that is opposed and judged.
Alternative generated candidates
- He said, “The fourth beast shall be a fourth kingdom on earth, different from all the kingdoms, and it shall devour the whole earth and trample it down and break it in pieces.
- He said: The fourth beast shall be a fourth kingdom on the earth, different from all the kingdoms, and it shall devour the whole earth, tread it down, and break it in pieces.
Dan.7.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וקרניא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- מנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מלכותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
- מלכין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יקמון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ואחרן: CONJ+ADJ,m,pl
- יקום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אחריהון: PREP,3,m,pl
- והוא: CONJ+PRON,3,m,sg
- ישנא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- מן: PREP
- קדמיא: ADJ,m,sg
- ותלתה: NUM,card
- מלכין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהשפל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Revelation 17:12 (verbal): Explicitly identifies the ten horns as ten kings who will receive authority—echoes Daniel's statement that ten kings arise from the beast.
- Daniel 2:41-44 (thematic): The ten toes of Nebuchadnezzar's statue represent ten kingdoms/divisions—parallels Daniel 7's motif of ten successive or concurrent rulers.
- Daniel 7:8 (verbal): An earlier verse in the same vision describes a little horn arising among the ten horns and uprooting three—directly parallels the language of another arising and subduing three kings.
- Revelation 13:1 (allusion): The beast with seven heads and ten horns recalls Daniel's horned beasts; the ten-horn imagery links the Revelation beast to Daniel's symbolic kings.
Alternative generated candidates
- As for the ten horns, ten kings shall arise from this kingdom; and another shall arise after them, different from the former, and he shall put down three kings.
- And the ten horns are ten kings who shall arise from this kingdom. After them another shall arise; he will be different from the former, and he shall put down three kings.
Dan.7.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומלין: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- לצד: PREP
- עלאה: ADJ,m,sg
- ימלל: VERB,piel,impf,3,m,sg
- ולקדישי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עליונין: ADJ,m,pl
- יבלא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ויסבר: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- להשניה: PREP+VERB,hiph,inf
- זמנין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ודת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויתיהבון: CONJ+VERB,qal,pass,impf,3,pl
- בידה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,f,sg
- עד: PREP
- עדן: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
- ועדנין: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ופלג: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עדן: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prop
Parallels
- Revelation 13:5-7 (verbal): The beast is given authority for 42 months and speaks blasphemies against God and persecutes the saints, echoing Daniel’s ‘speaks great things’ and the allotted time of oppression.
- Revelation 12:14 (verbal): Uses the same temporal phraseology—‘a time, times, and half a time’/‘time, times, and half a time’—to describe the period of protection/persecution tied to Daniel’s formula.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:3-4 (thematic): Describes the ‘man of lawlessness’ who exalts himself against God and sits in God’s temple, thematically paralleling Daniel’s picture of a blasphemous power opposing the Most High and persecuting the holy ones.
- Daniel 8:24-25 (thematic): The little horn in Daniel 8 wages war, prospers by deceit, and causes disruption—paralleling Dan 7’s little horn that speaks arrogantly, wears out the saints, and acts successfully for a limited time.
- Daniel 7:21-22 (structural): Immediate context: earlier verses describe the same horn’s trampling of the saints and the eventual divine judgment/restoration, providing clear structural and narrative parallel within the chapter.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall speak words against the Most High and shall wear out the saints of the Most High, and he shall intend to change times and law; and they shall be given into his hand for a time, times, and half a time.
- He shall speak words against the Most High, wear out the saints of the Most High, and intend to change the set times and the law; and they shall be given into his hand for a time, times, and half a time.
Dan.7.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ודינא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יתב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ושלטנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,poss3s
- יהעדון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- להשמדה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ולהובדה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- סופא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Dan.7:9-10 (structural): Same heavenly courtroom scene (Ancient of Days sitting; books opened) that introduces the judgment which removes the horn’s power.
- Dan.7:11 (verbal): Immediate narrative parallel: the beast is slain and its body destroyed—corresponds to the taking away and destruction of dominion in 7:26.
- Dan.2:44 (thematic): Promises God’s kingdom will be set up and will break/destroy other kingdoms—parallels removal of the horn’s rule and the establishment of God’s reign.
- Rev.11:15 (allusion): Proclaims the kingdoms of the world becoming the Lord’s kingdom—echoes Daniel’s motif of hostile dominion being ended and God’s rule prevailing.
- Rev.19:20 (thematic): The beast and false prophet are captured and finally condemned—reflects the final consuming/destruction of hostile political powers like Daniel’s horn.
Alternative generated candidates
- But the court shall sit, and his dominion shall be taken away and consumed and destroyed to the end.
- But the court shall sit, and his dominion shall be taken away, to be consumed and destroyed to the end.
Dan.7.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומלכותה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,f,sg
- ושלטנא: NOUN,f,sg,abs+pref_v
- ורבותא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלכות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תחות: PREP
- כל: DET
- שמיא: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהיבת: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- לעם: PREP
- קדישי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- עליונין: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מלכותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מלכות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עלם: ADV
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- שלטניא: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- לה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- יפלחון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- וישתמעון: VERB,peal,impf,act,3,pl+pref_v
Parallels
- Dan.7.18 (verbal): Same language and idea: 'the saints of the Most High' will receive/possess the kingdom forever—direct verbal parallel to kingdom given to the saints.
- Dan.7.22 (thematic): Narrative continuation describing the Ancient of Days' judgment and the time when the saints possess the kingdom—connects the courtroom motif to the granting of dominion.
- Dan.2.44 (thematic): Announces God setting up an everlasting kingdom that will crush other kingdoms and endure forever—parallel eschatological promise of an eternal kingdom.
- Rev.11.15 (thematic): Proclaims 'the kingdoms of this world have become the kingdoms of our Lord and of his Christ' and his eternal reign—New Testament fulfillment/recapitulation of the transfer of dominion.
- Ps.145.13 (verbal): Speaks of God's 'everlasting kingdom' and enduring dominion—verbal and thematic echo of an everlasting rule and sovereign dominion.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then the kingdom and dominion and the greatness of the kingdoms under all the heavens shall be given to the saints of the Most High; their kingdom shall be an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey them.”
- And the kingdom and dominion and the greatness of the kingdoms under all heaven will be given to the people of the saints of the Most High. Their kingdom shall be an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey them.
Dan.7.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עד: PREP
- כה: ADV
- סופא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- די: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלתא: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אנה: ADV,interrog
- דניאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שגיא: ADJ,m,sg
- רעיוני: NOUN,m,sg,cs+1s
- יבהלנני: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- וזיוי: CONJ
- ישתנון: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- ומלתא: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בלבי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
- נטרת: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
Parallels
- Dan.8.27 (verbal): Same narrator-closing: Daniel expresses alarm at the vision and perplexity about its meaning (similar language about being troubled/astonished and the vision’s effect on him).
- Dan.10:8-9,16-17 (thematic): Daniel’s physical and emotional reaction to a heavenly vision—loss of strength, altered appearance, prostration and speechlessness—parallels the distress and changed countenance in 7:28.
- Ezek.1:28 (thematic): Ezekiel’s response to a majestic vision (overwhelmed, falling on his face, astonishment at the sight) parallels the prophet’s fearful, overwhelmed response in Daniel 7:28.
- Rev.1:17 (allusion): John’s reflexive reaction to a revelatory theophany—falling at the vision and being terrified until reassured—echoes the motif of a prophet overcome and emotionally disturbed by a divine vision, as in Daniel 7:28.
Alternative generated candidates
- Such is the end of the matter. As for me, Daniel, my thoughts greatly alarmed me and my countenance changed; yet I kept the matter in my heart.
- This is the end of the matter. As for me, Daniel, my thoughts alarmed me and my countenance changed; but I kept the matter in my heart.
I, Daniel, was distressed in spirit; the visions of my head alarmed me.
I approached one of those standing there and asked him the truth about all this. He gave me the full interpretation and made the matter known to me.
These great beasts, four in number, are four kings who will arise from the earth. But the holy ones of the Most High will receive the kingdom and possess the kingdom forever—yes, forever and ever.
Then I desired to know concerning the fourth beast, which was different from all the others, exceedingly dreadful and terrifying, with iron teeth and bronze claws; it devoured, broke in pieces, and trampled what remained with its feet. It was different from all the beasts that preceded it, and it had ten horns.
As for the ten horns that were on its head, and the one that came up after them—three of the first horns were plucked up before it—and behold, that horn had eyes like the eyes of a human and a mouth speaking great things; and its appearance was greater than its companions.
I watched, and that horn made war with the holy ones and prevailed against them.
Until the Ancient of Days came, and judgment was given in favor of the holy ones of the Most High; and the time arrived when the holy ones received the kingdom. Thus he said: 'As for the fourth beast, it is a fourth kingdom on earth, different from all the kingdoms; it will devour the whole earth, tread it down, and crush it.'
The ten horns are ten kings who will arise from this kingdom. After them another will arise—one different from the former—and three kings will be overthrown before him.
He will speak words against the Most High and wear out the holy ones of the Most High. He will intend to change times and the law, and they will be given into his hand for a time, times, and half a time. But the court will sit, and his dominion will be taken away and abolished—to be destroyed and brought to an end. And the kingdom, and the dominion, and the greatness of the kingdoms under the whole heaven will be given to the people of the holy ones of the Most High. His kingdom shall be an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions will serve and obey him.
This is the end of the matter. As for me, Daniel, my thoughts alarmed me greatly and my countenance changed; yet I kept the matter in my heart.