Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah
Matthew 22:41-46
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel
2 Samuel
1 Kings
2 Kings
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Esther
Job
Psalm
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Ezekiel
Daniel
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
Acts
Romans
1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians
1 Thessalonians
2 Thessalonians
1 Timothy
2 Timothy
Titus
Philemon
Hebrews
James
1 Peter
2 Peter
1 John
Jude
Revelation
Matt.22.41 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Συνηγμενων: VERB,aor,pass,part,gen,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Φαρισαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- επηρωτησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους: NOUN,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 12:35 (verbal): Parallel Synoptic account of the same episode — Jesus begins the question about David's son; similar lead‑in and wording in Mark's narrative.
- Luke 20:41 (verbal): Luke's parallel of the same scene where Jesus addresses the Pharisees with the question about David's lord; closely parallels Matthew's wording and placement.
- Matthew 22:15 (structural): Earlier in the same chapter the Pharisees (and others) approach Jesus to trap him — shows the recurring structural motif of Pharisaic gatherings and confrontations in this section.
- Psalm 110:1 (quotation): The content of Jesus' ensuing question (’The Lord said to my Lord…’) quotes/alludes to this Psalm; the verse behind the question Jesus poses to the assembled Pharisees.
Alternative generated candidates
- While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus put a question to them.
- While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,
Matt.22.42 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγων·Τι: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,m
- δοκει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- περι: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- τινος: PRON,gen,sg,masc
- υιος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- λεγουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω·Του: PRON,dat,sg,3,m
- Δαυιδ: NOUN,voc,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 12:35 (verbal): Parallel account of Jesus asking how the Christ can be called 'son of David'; wording and context are nearly identical to Matthew's report.
- Luke 20:41 (verbal): Luke records the same question posed by Jesus about the Messiah's Davidic sonship, forming part of the Synoptic parallel to Matthew 22:42.
- Matthew 1:1 (thematic): The opening genealogy identifies Jesus as 'son of David,' establishing the messianic title that the question in 22:42 addresses.
- Matthew 21:9 (thematic): On Palm Sunday the crowds acclaim Jesus as 'Son of David,' echoing the popular messianic expectation behind the title referenced in 22:42.
- Psalm 110:1 (quotation): Jesus cites this verse in the following verses to highlight the paradox that David calls the Messiah 'my Lord,' which complicates a simple identification of the Messiah as merely David's son.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'What do you think of the Christ? Whose son is he?' They answered, 'The son of David.'
- 'What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?' They replied, 'The son of David.'
Matt.22.43 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Πως: PRON,dat,pl,m
- ουν: CONJ
- Δαυιδ: NOUN,voc,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- πνευματι: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- καλει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- κυριον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- λεγων·: PTCP,pres,act,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- Psalm 110:1 (quotation): The OT verse Jesus quotes — 'The LORD said to my Lord...' (David 'in spirit' calls someone his Lord), which Matthew cites to question the Pharisees about the Messiah's identity.
- Mark 12:36 (structural): Synoptic parallel: Jesus asks the same question about David calling his Lord, with nearly identical argument and citation of Psalm 110:1.
- Luke 20:42 (structural): Another synoptic parallel recording Jesus' citation of David's words from Psalm 110:1 to challenge the scribes' understanding of the Messiah.
- Acts 2:34-35 (quotation): Peter at Pentecost cites Psalm 110:1 (David's words) to show that David foresaw the exaltation of the Messiah, applying the verse to Jesus.
- Hebrews 1:13 (quotation): The author of Hebrews explicitly cites Psalm 110:1 ('Sit at my right hand...') and applies it to the Son, echoing the New Testament use of David's words about the Lord.
Alternative generated candidates
- He said to them, 'How then does David, in the Spirit, call him Lord, saying,'
- He said to them, 'How then does David, speaking by the Spirit, call him
Matt.22.44 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- κυριω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- μου·Καθου: PRON,gen,1,sg;VERB,pres,mid,imp,2,sg
- εκ: PREP
- δεξιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- εως: CONJ
- αν: PART
- θω: VERB,aor,act,subj,1,sg
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- εχθρους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- υποκατω: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- ποδων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Psalm 110:1 (quotation): The source text quoted by Jesus: 'The Lord says to my Lord, Sit at my right hand...' — Matthew 22:44 directly cites this verse.
- Mark 12:36 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: Mark records the same citation of Psalm 110:1 by Jesus in a similar context (question about the Messiah).
- Luke 20:42 (verbal): Another synoptic parallel: Luke preserves the identical quotation of Psalm 110:1 as spoken by Jesus to challenge the Pharisees' understanding of the Messiah.
- Acts 2:34-35 (quotation): Peter (at Pentecost) applies Psalm 110:1 to Jesus, using the same words to argue for Jesus' exaltation and Lordship.
- Hebrews 1:13 (quotation): The author of Hebrews quotes Psalm 110:1 to demonstrate the Son's superior status and enthronement at God's right hand.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet.'
- 'The Lord said to my Lord, "Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet."'
Matt.22.45 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: COND
- ουν: CONJ
- Δαυιδ: NOUN,voc,sg,m
- καλει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- κυριον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- πως: ADV
- υιος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,3,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 110:1 (quotation): The OT verse Jesus cites — 'The Lord said to my Lord...' — the source of the puzzle about David calling the Messiah 'Lord'.
- Mark 12:36 (verbal): Parallel Synoptic account of Jesus' argument; contains the same citation of Psalm 110:1 and the same challenge to the Pharisees.
- Luke 20:41-44 (verbal): Luke's parallel recounting of Jesus asking how the Messiah can be both David's son and David's Lord, quoting Psalm 110:1.
- Acts 2:34-35 (quotation): Peter, at Pentecost, quotes Psalm 110:1 to show David foresaw the Messiah's exaltation and to interpret David calling him 'Lord.'
- Hebrews 1:13 (quotation): The author cites Psalm 110:1 to demonstrate the Son's superiority and to interpret the meaning of David calling the Messiah 'Lord.'
Alternative generated candidates
- If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?
- 'If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?'
Matt.22.46 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ουδεις: PRON,nom,sg,m
- εδυνατο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,sg
- αποκριθηναι: VERB,aor,pass,inf
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- λογον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- ουδε: CONJ
- ετολμησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,m
- απ᾽εκεινης: PREP+DEM,gen,sg,f
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- ημερας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- επερωτησαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m,3
- ουκετι: ADV
Parallels
- Mark 12:34 (verbal): Closely parallel wording and context—after Jesus' shrewd reply no one dared to ask him another question (explicitly: 'from that day no one dared to ask him any more questions').
- Luke 20:40 (verbal): Near-verbatim synoptic parallel: Jesus' opponents could not answer him, and subsequently no one dared to question him further.
- Acts 6:10 (thematic): Stephen's opponents 'were not able to stand up against the wisdom and the Spirit'—similar theme of interlocutors being unable to refute Spirit‑guided wisdom/speech.
- John 7:46 (thematic): Temple officers report of Jesus—'never has man spoken like this man'—reflects the same inability of opponents to match or rebut Jesus' authoritative words.
Alternative generated candidates
- No one could answer him a word; and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.
- No one could answer him a word, and from that day on no one dared to question him any more.
While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,
'What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?' They answered him, 'The son of David.'
He said to them, 'How then does David, in the Spirit, call him Lord, saying,
'The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies beneath your feet'?
If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?
No one could answer him a word; and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.