Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ
Mark 8:27-30
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Mark.8.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- εξηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- τας: ART,acc,pl,f
- κωμας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- Καισαρειας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- Φιλιππου·και: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- οδω: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- επηρωτα: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- μαθητας: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- λεγων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,m,sg
- αυτοις·Τινα: PRON,dat,pl,m
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- λεγουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- ανθρωποι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- ειναι: VERB,pres,act,inf
Parallels
- Matthew 16:13 (verbal): Parallel scene at Caesarea Philippi with nearly identical question about public opinion and setting; leads into Peter’s confession in the Synoptic parallel.
- Luke 9:18 (verbal): Very similar wording—Jesus asks who the crowds say he is—and the account likewise precedes Peter’s declaration of Jesus’ identity.
- Mark 6:14-16 (thematic): Herod’s reports about Jesus (some say John the Baptist risen, others Elijah or a prophet) reflect the kinds of popular identifications that Jesus elicits in Mark 8:27–28.
- John 1:19-21 (thematic): Interrogation of John the Baptist about whether he is the Christ, Elijah, or the Prophet shows the same contemporary questions and expectations about messianic identity evident in Mark 8:27.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Jesus went on with his disciples to the villages of Caesarea Philippi; and on the way he asked his disciples, "Who do people say that I am?"
- And Jesus went out to the villages of Bethsaida; and, as he was going on with his disciples, he asked them, "Who do the people say that I am?"
Mark.8.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- ειπαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- λεγοντες: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,masc
- οτι: CONJ
- Ιωαννην: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- βαπτιστην: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- αλλοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- Ηλιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- αλλοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- οτι: CONJ
- εις: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- προφητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 16:14 (verbal): Parallel Synoptic report: people identify Jesus as John the Baptist, Elijah, or one of the prophets; wording and options closely match Mark 8:28.
- Luke 9:7-8 (verbal): Parallel account in Luke describing popular speculation that Jesus was John (raised), Elijah, or a prophet—same trio of identifications.
- Mark 6:14-16 (structural): Earlier episode within Mark where Herod and others speculate that Jesus is John returned, Elijah, or a prophet—repeats the same motif within the Gospel.
- Malachi 4:5 (allusion): OT prophecy that Elijah will return before the day of the Lord provides the background expectation that prompts people to identify Jesus as Elijah.
Alternative generated candidates
- They answered him, "John the Baptist; and others say, Elijah; and others, one of the prophets."
- They answered him, "John the Baptist; and others, Elijah; and others, one of the prophets."
Mark.8.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- επηρωτα: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτους·Υμεις: PRON,acc,pl,m + PRON,nom,pl,2
- δε: CONJ
- τινα: PRON,acc,sg,m
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- λεγετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- ειναι: VERB,pres,act,inf
- αποκριθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Πετρος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτω·Συ: PRON,dat,sg,m + PRON,nom,sg,2
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- χριστος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 16:15-16 (quotation): Direct parallel in Matthew where Jesus asks the disciples who they say he is and Peter confesses, 'You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.'
- Luke 9:18-20 (quotation): Luke's parallel account of the same confession scene; Peter answers that Jesus is 'the Christ of God.'
- John 11:27 (verbal): Martha's explicit confession to Jesus: 'You are the Christ, the Son of God, who is coming into the world,' echoing the Messianic title.
- John 6:69 (thematic): Peter's earlier public confession in John highlights disciples' faith in Jesus' identity ('We have believed and know that you are the Holy One of God'), thematically linked to recognizing Jesus' true nature.
- Acts 2:36 (thematic): Peter's Pentecost preaching declares that 'God has made him both Lord and Christ,' applying the Messianic title confessed in Mark 8:29 to the risen Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he said to them, "But who do you say that I am?" Peter answered him, "You are the Christ."
- And he asked them, "But you—who do you say that I am?" Peter, answering, said to him, "You are the Christ."
Mark.8.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- επετιμησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ινα: CONJ
- μηδενι: PRON,dat,sg,n
- λεγωσιν: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,pl
- περι: PREP
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 16:20 (verbal): Direct Synoptic parallel to Mark 8:30 immediately after Peter’s confession — Jesus commands the disciples to tell no one that he is the Christ.
- Luke 9:21 (verbal): Lukan parallel to the scene of Peter’s confession; Luke records the same charge to keep Jesus’ identity secret.
- Mark 1:34 (thematic): Earlier Markan instance of the 'Messianic secret' motif: Jesus prevents demons/people from revealing his identity and silences testimony about him.
- Mark 5:43 (verbal): After raising Jairus’ daughter Mark records a similar injunction to silence ('he strictly charged them that no one should know it'), showing the recurring secrecy motif after miracles.
- Mark 7:36 (verbal): When Jesus restores a mute man’s speech he similarly commands people not to tell, using language close to Mark 8:30 and reinforcing the pattern of secrecy.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he charged them strictly to tell no one about him.
- And he strictly charged them to tell no one about him.
And Jesus went on with his disciples to the villages of Caesarea Philippi; and on the way he asked his disciples, "Who do people say that I am?"
They answered him, "John the Baptist; and others, Elijah; and others, one of the prophets." And he asked them, "But who do you say that I am?" Peter answered him, "You are the Christ." And he strictly warned them not to tell anyone about him.