The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned

Ezekiel 23:1-49

About APB

Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:

Eze.23.1 - Details

Original Text

ויהי דבר־ יהוה אלי לאמר׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 2:1 (verbal): Same prophetic introductory formula—'And the word of the LORD came to me'—opening a divine address to the prophet.
  • Ezekiel 3:1 (verbal): Another immediate continuation in Ezekiel using the same phrasing to introduce God's spoken command to the prophet ('And he said unto me...').
  • Jeremiah 1:4 (verbal): Uses the identical phrase 'The word of the LORD came to me' to introduce Jeremiah's prophetic call, paralleling the standard prophet's opening.
  • Hosea 1:1 (structural): Serves the same book-opening function—introduces the oracle with 'The word of the LORD that came to Hosea'—a common structural formula for prophetic revelation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:
  • And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:
2 Son of man, there were two women, daughters of one mother.

Eze.23.2 - Details

Original Text

בן־ אדם שתים נשים בנות אם־ אחת היו׃

Morphology

  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שתים: NUM,f,pl,abs
  • נשים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • בנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • אם: CONJ
  • אחת: NUM,f,sg
  • היו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:1-3 (verbal): Same prophetic address 'Son of man' and use of an extended feminine allegory to depict Jerusalem's origins and later sexual/ritual unfaithfulness — foundational template for the two‑sisters allegory.
  • Hosea 2:2-13 (thematic): Uses marriage/harlotry imagery to portray Israel's covenant unfaithfulness and judgment, paralleling Ezekiel's depiction of the two 'daughters' as adulterous cities.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-10 (thematic): God speaks of Israel's adultery and divorce; the moral/imagery parallels Ezekiel's treatment of national apostasy and the figure of an unfaithful woman representing the people.
  • 2 Kings 17:7-23 (allusion): Historical summary of Israel/Samaria's idolatry and exile — background to Oholah (Samaria) in Ezekiel's two‑sisters allegory.
  • 2 Kings 24:18–25:21 (allusion): Narrates Judah/Jerusalem's fall and exile, providing the historical counterpart to Oholibah (Jerusalem) in Ezekiel's paired portrait of sisterly infidelity and judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Son of man, there were two women, daughters of one mother.
  • Son of man, there were two women, daughters of one mother.
3 They prostituted themselves in Egypt in their youth; there they committed whoredom: at the breasts of their youth they handled one another, and there they defiled their virginity.

Eze.23.3 - Details

Original Text

ותזנינה במצרים בנעוריהן זנו שמה מעכו שדיהן ושם עשו דדי בתוליהן׃

Morphology

  • ותזנינה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בנעוריהן: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,f,pl
  • זנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • שמה: ADV
  • מעכו: PREP+NOUN,prop,sg,abs
  • שדיהן: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,f,pl
  • ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • דדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1,_,sg
  • בתוליהן: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,f,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:26 (verbal): Uses the same charge of prostituting with the Egyptians — language and motif parallel Ezek.23:3's allegation that they 'played the harlot' in Egypt.
  • Ezekiel 23:5 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter continuing the account of the sisters' prostitution in Egypt and elaborating the same activity introduced in v.3.
  • Hosea 9:1 (thematic): Portrays Israel as a harlot who loves the hire of a harlot; parallels the theme of national unfaithfulness and sexual imagery used to describe Israel's relations with foreign nations.
  • Jeremiah 2:20 (allusion): Condemns Israel's unfaithfulness as prostitution after foreign lovers ('you have played the harlot'); echoes Ezek.23:3's motif of spiritual/sexual infidelity begun in Egypt.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They played the harlot in Egypt in their youth; there they played the harlot — their breasts fondled and there they exposed the bosoms of their maidenhood.
  • They prostituted themselves in Egypt in their youth; there they defiled themselves — their breasts were fondled, and there their virgin bosoms were handled.
4 Their names were Oholah the elder and Oholibah her sister. They became mine, and bore sons and daughters. Oholah was called Samaria, and Oholibah was called Jerusalem.

Eze.23.4 - Details

Original Text

ושמותן אהלה הגדולה ואהליבה אחותה ותהיינה לי ותלדנה בנים ובנות ושמותן שמרון אהלה וירושלם אהליבה׃

Morphology

  • ושמותן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3fpl
  • אהלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הגדולה: ADJ,f,sg,def
  • ואהליבה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,prop
  • אחותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3fs
  • ותהיינה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • ותלדנה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ובנות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • ושמותן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3fpl
  • שמרון: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אהלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וירושלם: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,prop
  • אהליבה: NOUN,f,sg,prop

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:1-3 (structural): The immediate introduction to the allegory that names two sisters (Oholah and Oholibah); verse 4 continues and explicitly identifies them as Samaria and Jerusalem.
  • Ezekiel 16:15-32 (thematic): Ezekiel's extended allegory of Jerusalem as an unfaithful wife — charged with prostitution and punished — parallels the same motifs of sexual infidelity and judgment found in Ezekiel 23.
  • Hosea 2:2-13 (thematic): Uses marriage/adultery imagery for Israel's idolatry and threat of judgment; thematically parallels Ezekiel's portrayal of the nations as adulterous women.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-10 (allusion): God's complaint about faithless Israel and treacherous Judah, including the motif of sending away/divorce for adulterous behavior, echoes the split-sister motif and moral indictment in Ezekiel 23.
  • 2 Kings 17:7-23 (thematic): Historical summary of Israel's persistent idolatry and resulting exile — the real-world background for identifying Aholah with Samaria and her sins in Ezekiel's allegory.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The names of them were Aholah the elder and Aholibah her sister; they became mine, and they bore sons and daughters. Aholah is Samaria, and Aholibah is Jerusalem.
  • And their names were Oholah the elder and Oholibah her sister. They became mine, and they bore sons and daughters. Oholah the elder was Samaria, and Oholibah was Jerusalem.
5 And Oholah played the harlot while she was mine; she lusted after her lovers—neighbors, the Assyrians.

Eze.23.5 - Details

Original Text

ותזן אהלה תחתי ותעגב על־ מאהביה אל־ אשור קרובים׃

Morphology

  • ותזן: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • אהלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תחתי: PREP+PRON,1,c,sg
  • ותעגב: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • על: PREP
  • מאהביה: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,f
  • אל: NEG
  • אשור: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • קרובים: ADJ,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:25-30 (thematic): The same prostitute imagery applied to Jerusalem: description of whoring after foreign lovers and the horrors that follow—parallels Ezek.23’s depiction of seeking Assyrian lovers and spiritual adultery.
  • Isaiah 1:21 (allusion): Isaiah’s lament that the 'faithful city' has become a harlot uses the same metaphor of the city’s unfaithfulness to Yahweh, echoing Ezekiel’s charge of prostitution with foreign powers.
  • Hosea 2:5-7 (thematic): Hosea frames Israel’s idolatry as a wife pursuing paramours and forgetting her husband; the language of chasing lovers and divine judgment parallels Ezek.23’s portrayal of lust for foreign nations (e.g., Assyria).
  • Jeremiah 3:6-10 (verbal): Jeremiah recounts Israel’s 'playing the harlot' on high places and pursuing other lovers despite prophetic warnings—uses the same adultery/whoring motif to diagnose covenant unfaithfulness as in Ezek.23.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Aholah prostituted herself to her lovers, to the Assyrians her neighbors:
  • Oholah played the harlot against me and lusted after her paramours — officers of Assyria, nearby.
6 She decked herself with blue and purple and embroidered garments, with governors and commanders and handsome young men, all captains and horsemen riding steeds.

Eze.23.6 - Details

Original Text

לבשי תכלת פחות וסגנים בחורי חמד כלם פרשים רכבי סוסים׃

Morphology

  • לבשי: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • תכלת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • פחות: ADV
  • וסגנים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בחורי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • חמד: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl
  • פרשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • רכבי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • סוסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:10-13 (verbal): Ezekiel elsewhere depicts Jerusalem clothed in fine garments, purple and embroidered cloth and richly adorned—same imagery of dressing a city/woman in luxury that becomes sexualized and shameful.
  • Isaiah 3:16-24 (thematic): Isaiah censures proud, ornamented women whose finery (gold, finery, headgear) precedes judgment—parallel theme of female adornment tied to pride and impending ruin.
  • Revelation 17:4 (allusion): The apocalyptic woman is described as clothed in purple and scarlet and decked with gold—an image that echoes Ezekiel’s portrayal of a prostitute-city dressed in costly colors and ornaments.
  • 2 Kings 9:30-31 (thematic): Jezebel’s painted eyes and adornment before her death echo the biblical motif of female ornamentation linked to sexual promiscuity and moral culpability found in Ezekiel’s taunt.
  • Proverbs 7:10-12 (thematic): The seductress is pictured as ostentatiously dressed and alluring—paralleling Ezekiel’s use of lavish dress and attractive attendants to portray seductive, unfaithful cities.

Alternative generated candidates

  • clad in blue and purple, governors and commanders, the choice young men, all horsemen and riders.
  • She decked herself in blue and purple, and with embroidered cloths; she set governors and princes before her — choice young men, all horsemen, cavalry.
7 She gave her whoredom to them—the choicest sons of Assyria all of them—and with all whom she lusted after she defiled herself.

Eze.23.7 - Details

Original Text

ותתן תזנותיה עליהם מבחר בני־ אשור כלם ובכל אשר־ עגבה בכל־ גלוליהם נטמאה׃

Morphology

  • ותתן: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • תזנותיה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,prs,3,f
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • מבחר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • אשור: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl
  • ובכל: CONJ+PREP
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עגבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גלוליהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,m,pl
  • נטמאה: VERB,niphal,perf,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:3-5 (structural): Immediate context: the two sisters (Oholah/Oholibah) are introduced and earlier verses describe their prostitution, setting up the specific charge in v.7 about relations with Assyrian youths and idolatrous defilement.
  • Ezekiel 16:26-30 (thematic): Uses the same metaphor of Jerusalem as a harlot who prostitutes herself to foreign peoples and idols; parallels the imagery of sexual unfaithfulness and religious defilement in v.7.
  • Hosea 2:5 (thematic): Hosea portrays Israel as a wife chasing after lovers and abandoning her covenant husband, a recurring prophetic motif for idolatry and unfaithfulness similar to Ezek.23:7’s depiction of illicit relations and idol worship.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-10 (allusion): Jeremiah uses the covenant-breach/harlotry trope to accuse both Israel and Judah of adultery with foreign nations and idols—echoing Ezekiel’s charge that Jerusalem defiled herself with foreign lovers and their gods.
  • 2 Kings 16:7-9 (thematic): Narrative example of Judah seeking Assyrian aid (Ahaz appealing to Tiglath‑pileser), illustrating political/foreign entanglement with Assyria that prophetic texts often frame as moral/idolatrous unfaithfulness like Ezek.23:7.

Alternative generated candidates

  • She gave her whorings to them — to the choice sons of Assyria, all of them — and in all their idol-services she defiled herself.
  • She gave her whorings to them, to the choice sons of Assyria; all of them. In every object of her lust she was defiled with their idols.
8 She did not abandon the prostitution she had practiced in Egypt, for in her youth men lay with her there and they handled the breasts of her virginity; there she poured out her whoredom upon them.

Eze.23.8 - Details

Original Text

ואת־ תזנותיה ממצרים לא עזבה כי אותה שכבו בנעוריה והמה עשו דדי בתוליה וישפכו תזנותם עליה׃

Morphology

  • ואת: CONJ
  • תזנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,abs,suff:3fs
  • ממצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • עזבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • אותה: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • שכבו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • בנעוריה: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff:3fs
  • והמה: PRON,3,m,pl
  • עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • דדי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • בתוליה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,suff:3fs
  • וישפכו: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,pl
  • תזנותם: NOUN,f,pl,abs,suff:3mp
  • עליה: PREP,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:26 (verbal): Explicitly accuses Jerusalem of playing the harlot with the Egyptians—same sexualized language of prostitution with Egypt as partners, paralleling the wording and charge in Ezek. 23:8.
  • Ezekiel 23:6-7 (structural): Immediate chapter parallel: the preceding verses identify the sisters' foreign 'lovers' (Assyria, etc.), establishing the repeated motif of cities committing sexualized unfaithfulness that 23:8 continues with Egypt.
  • Hosea 2:5 (thematic): Uses marital/prostitution imagery of Israel chasing foreign lovers and divine judgment for unfaithfulness—theme of covenantal adultery and pursuit of foreign powers parallels Ezek. 23:8's depiction of intercourse with Egypt.
  • Jeremiah 3:8-9 (thematic): God speaks of giving faithless Israel a certificate of divorce for her adulteries; like Ezek. 23:8 this frames Israel/Judah's relations with foreign nations as covenantal prostitution leading to judicial action.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Yet she did not abandon her prostitution from Egypt; for in her youth men lay with her there, they handled the breasts of her maidenhood and poured their whorings upon her.
  • Yet she did not abandon the whorings of Egypt — where she had lain in her youth; for they had handled her bosom, her virgin bosom, and poured out their whorings upon her.
9 Therefore I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians, on account of whom she lusted.

Eze.23.9 - Details

Original Text

לכן נתתיה ביד־ מאהביה ביד בני אשור אשר עגבה עליהם׃

Morphology

  • לכן: ADV
  • נתתיה: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מאהביה: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3f
  • ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • אשור: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עגבה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:37 (verbal): Uses the same judicial/sexual metaphor — God declares He will give Jerusalem into the hand of her lovers as punishment for harlotry, language closely parallel to Ezek. 23:9.
  • Ezekiel 23:11 (structural): Immediate continuation in the same chapter describing the Assyrians coming as the 'lovers' who take the city — a direct structural parallel and narrative development of v.9.
  • 2 Kings 17:6,20-23 (thematic): Historical account of Israel's fall to Assyria because of covenant unfaithfulness; echoes the prophetic theme of divine judgment by handing the nation to Assyria for its spiritual adultery.
  • Jeremiah 3:8 (allusion): Jeremiah uses legal/adulterous imagery (divorce and sending Israel away) to describe God's punishment for apostasy — a parallel theological motif of God 'giving' unfaithful Israel over because of spiritual adultery.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the sons of Assyria, on whom she lusted.
  • Therefore I handed her over into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the sons of Assyria, who were passionate for her.
10 They unveiled her nakedness, took her sons and daughters and struck them down with the sword; and she became a spoil to them—an object of shame—and they executed judgments upon her.

Eze.23.10 - Details

Original Text

המה גלו ערותה בניה ובנותיה לקחו ואותה בחרב הרגו ותהי־ שם לנשים ושפוטים עשו בה׃

Morphology

  • המה: PRON,3,m,pl
  • גלו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3f
  • בניה: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3,m
  • ובנותיה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • לקחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ואותה: CONJ+PRON,dem,acc,3,f,sg
  • בחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • הרגו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • ותהי: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • שם: ADV
  • לנשים: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ושפוטים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:25-27 (verbal): Same chapter and prophetic context: God announces foreign invaders who will seize sons and daughters, kill by the sword, and make the city a spoil—close verbal and thematic repetition of v.10.
  • Ezekiel 16:37-41 (thematic): Parallel Ezekiel judgment-scene: exposure, destruction by sword, loss of children, and transformation into a desolation/spoil as punishment for unfaithfulness.
  • Isaiah 13:16 (verbal): Prophetic oracle against Babylon: imagery of children being dashed before their eyes, houses spoiled and women violated—language and motifs of slaughter and desolation echo v.10.
  • Deuteronomy 28:30 (allusion): Part of the covenant curses: 'your sons and your daughters shall be given to another people'—captures the covenantal pattern behind the prophetic threat to have children taken or killed.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They uncovered her nakedness; they took her sons and daughters, and slew her with the sword. She became a byword among women, and they executed judgments on her.
  • They uncovered her nakedness; they carried off her sons and daughters and put them to the sword. She became a desolation and a byword among the nations.
11 And her sister Oholibah saw this, and she was more corrupt in her lust than she, and she saw her sister's whoredoms.

Eze.23.11 - Details

Original Text

ותרא אחותה אהליבה ותשחת עגבתה ממנה ואת־ תזנותיה מזנוני אחותה׃

Morphology

  • ותרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,f,sg
  • אחותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3fs
  • אהליבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,prop
  • ותשחת: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • עגבתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3fs
  • ממנה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • תזנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3fs
  • מזנוני: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • אחותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3fs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:4-5 (structural): Same episode introducing the two sisters (Oholah and Oholibah) and the prostitution imagery; provides the immediate narrative context and similar language about their harlotries.
  • Ezekiel 23:12 (verbal): Direct continuation/parallel within the chapter that explicitly states Oholibah surpassed her sister in whoredoms—reiterates and amplifies the claim made in 23:11.
  • Ezekiel 16:15-34 (thematic): Uses the same bride/whore imagery to accuse Jerusalem of prostitution and idolatry—shared motifs and vocabulary (adulterous wife, lovers, corrupting practices) and theological point about covenant unfaithfulness.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-9 (allusion): God’s indictment contrasts two sisters (Israel and Judah), noting one’s greater faithlessness—parallels the theme of sibling city-figures where one ‘sees’ and becomes more corrupt, and the idea of comparative apostasy.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Her sister Aholibah saw this and increased her harlotry beyond her sister, and her whorings were more than the whorings of Aholah.
  • When her sister Oholibah saw this, she became more corrupt in her lust than she, and increased her whorings beyond her sister’s.
12 She lusted after the Assyrians more than she; governors and commanders were seen by her—clothed in blue, horsemen riding horses, all attractive young men, captains, all of them.

Eze.23.12 - Details

Original Text

אל־ בני אשור עגבה פחות וסגנים קרבים לבשי מכלול פרשים רכבי סוסים בחורי חמד כלם׃

Morphology

  • אל: NEG
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • אשור: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • עגבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • פחות: ADV
  • וסגנים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • קרבים: VERB,qal,part,m,pl
  • לבשי: VERB,qal,ptc,m,pl
  • מכלול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • פרשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • רכבי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
  • סוסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בחורי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • חמד: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:6 (verbal): Immediate verbal/structural parallel within the same chapter: both verses describe the woman taking foreign 'lovers' and use similar language of lust and intimate relations in the allegory of Oholah/Oholibah.
  • Ezekiel 16:25-26 (thematic): Ezekiel 16 uses the same prostitution imagery to accuse Jerusalem of unfaithfulness—decking herself, seeking foreign lovers and military/political entanglements—closely paralleling the moral and political critique of 23:12.
  • Hosea 7:11 (thematic): Hosea condemns Israel for turning to foreign powers ('they go to Assyria') as a form of infidelity; thematically parallels Ezekiel's portrayal of political alliances with Assyria as sexual prostitution.
  • 2 Kings 16:7-9 (thematic): The historical episode of King Ahaz appealing to Tiglath‑pileser (Assyria) for military aid exemplifies the real political dependence Ezekiel allegorizes as taking Assyrian 'lovers'—a concrete background to the prophet's accusation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • She lusted after the sons of Assyria — governors and commanders, mounted horsemen, choice young men, all horsemen.
  • She lusted after the sons of Assyria — governors and princes, clothed with all their equipment, horsemen, cavalry, choice young men, all of them.
13 So I observed that she had polluted herself; there was a single way for the two of them to be defiled.

Eze.23.13 - Details

Original Text

וארא כי נטמאה דרך אחד לשתיהן׃

Morphology

  • וארא: VERB,qal,impf,1,?,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • נטמאה: VERB,nip,perf,3,f,sg
  • דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • לשתיהן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:2-4 (structural): Introduces the two sisters (Oholah and Oholibah) whose shared prostitution and mutual defilement are summarized in 23:13; verse 13 continues and applies the narrative framework set up here.
  • Ezekiel 16:26 (verbal): Uses the same sexual/harlotry language of defilement and going after foreign lovers to describe Jerusalem’s unfaithfulness, echoing the imagery of a single path of prostitution for the city(s).
  • Jeremiah 3:8-9 (thematic): Speaks of Israel’s unfaithfulness and a ‘divorce’ for faithless Israel while noting both Israel and Judah followed the same adulterous ways—parallel theme of both sisters taking one path of corruption.
  • Hosea 4:12-13 (thematic): Describes a ‘spirit of prostitution’ leading Israel astray and defiling the nation through idolatry—similar metaphor of sexual unfaithfulness for religious apostasy reflected in Ezek. 23:13.
  • Isaiah 1:21 (allusion): Declares the faithful city become a harlot—an accusation of communal defilement and moral decay that parallels Ezekiel’s charge that both sisters have defiled themselves in the same way.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And I saw that both of them had committed the same kind of uncleanness.
  • And I saw that they both had defiled themselves in the same way.
14 Moreover she added to her whoredoms; she saw engraved images of the Chaldeans on the wall—figures cut in vermilion.

Eze.23.14 - Details

Original Text

ותוסף אל־ תזנותיה ותרא אנשי מחקה על־ הקיר צלמי כשדים חקקים בששר׃

Morphology

  • ותוסף: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • תזנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,f
  • ותרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,f,sg
  • אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • מחקה: VERB,piel,ptcp,3,m,pl
  • על: PREP
  • הקיר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • צלמי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • כשדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • חקקים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בששר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:5-11 (verbal): Same allegory of the two sisters (Oholah/Oholibah): explicit narrative of harlotry with foreign men (here Assyrians) — a direct continuation/parallel within the same chapter and theme of prostitution with foreign powers.
  • Ezekiel 16:26-28 (thematic): Jerusalem portrayed as a harlot who 'lusted after' foreign nations and took lovers; uses sexual/idolatrous imagery to describe political-religious unfaithfulness, closely paralleling the language and charge in 23:14.
  • Ezekiel 8:10-12 (structural): Vision of idolatrous practices and images in the temple precincts (men bowing to images); parallels the motif of carved images/depictions and illicit worship within a sacred/semi-sacred space.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-10 (thematic): The prophet recounts Israel/Judah as an unfaithful wife who went after other lovers (nations); the marital-adultery metaphor for covenant infidelity and apostasy closely echoes the charge in Ezek 23:14.

Alternative generated candidates

  • She added to her whorings; she saw depictions on the wall, engraved images of the Chaldeans.
  • Oholibah added to her whorings; she set her eyes on images engraved on the wall — figures of the Chaldeans, carved in vermilion.
15 Girded with belts upon their loins, daggers at their hips, turbans on their heads—each one the appearance of young men—the likeness of the Babylonians, Chaldeans, the land of their nativity.

Eze.23.15 - Details

Original Text

חגורי אזור במתניהם סרוחי טבולים בראשיהם מראה שלשים כלם דמות בני־ בבל כשדים ארץ מולדתם׃

Morphology

  • חגורי: ADJ,m,pl,cons
  • אזור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • במתניהם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,m,pl
  • סרוחי: ADJ,m,pl,cons
  • טבולים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • בראשיהם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,pl
  • מראה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שלשים: NUM,m,pl,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl
  • דמות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • בבל: NOUN,prop,sg,abs
  • כשדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מולדתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3mp

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:10-13 (thematic): God recounts how he clothed and adorned Jerusalem (girdle, embroidered garments, jewelry) — a contrast to the women’s later adoption of foreign (Babylonian) dress in 23:15.
  • Ezekiel 23:20 (thematic): Close contextual parallel in the same chapter that describes the sisters’ lust for foreign lovers and their embrace of foreign customs and appearance (including associations with Chaldeans/Babylonians).
  • Isaiah 3:16-24 (thematic): Condemns the daughters of Zion for proud finery (braids, jewelry, veils) and announces the removal of these adornments — thematically parallels the moral-religious critique of ornament and foreign fashion in Ezekiel 23:15.
  • Jeremiah 2:32 (thematic): Uses bridal/ornamental imagery (‘Can a maiden forget her ornaments?’) to accuse Israel of abandoning fidelity to God — parallels the use of attire and adornment as signs of unfaithfulness in Ezekiel 23:15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Girded with sashes at their waists and turbans upon their heads, all of a splendid appearance — the form of the people of Babylon, Chaldea, their native land.
  • Girdles around their loins, turbans of varied color upon their heads, a showy appearance — the visage of the people of Babylon, the Chaldeans, the land of their nativity.
16 And she lusted after them and sent messengers to them, after men who were pleasing to her.

Eze.23.16 - Details

Original Text

ותעגבה עליהם למראה עיניה ותשלח מלאכים אליהם כשדימה׃

Morphology

  • ותעגבה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • למראה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עיניה: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3fs
  • ותשלח: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • מלאכים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • כשדימה: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:17 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same taunt: continues the language of sexual longing and the sending of messengers to foreign lovers — closely related wording and sequence to v.16.
  • Ezekiel 23:7 (structural): Earlier summary of the same episode: identifies the foreign paramours (the sons of Asshur) and frames the political/sexual infidelity motif that v.16 exemplifies.
  • Ezekiel 16:26 (thematic): Uses the same prostitute-city imagery to describe Jerusalem's lust after foreign nations and erotic/political betrayal — a broader Ezekiel motif behind v.16.
  • Hosea 2:5 (thematic): Portrays Israel's pursuit of foreign lovers and futile seeking after them — a parallel prophetic metaphor of adultery and misplaced allegiance.
  • Hosea 7:11 (allusion): Compares Ephraim to a naive dove that turns to Egypt and Assyria — echoes the theme of seeking foreign partners/alliances that Ezek.23:16 characterizes as sexual/political prostitution.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And she set her desire on them at the sight of her eyes and sent messengers to them into Chaldea.
  • She lusted after them for the sight of her eyes, and she sent messengers to them to Chaldea.
17 The men came to her, to the couch of love; they defiled her with their prostitution, and she was defiled by them—her heart went after them.

Eze.23.17 - Details

Original Text

ויבאו אליה בני־ בבל למשכב דדים ויטמאו אותה בתזנותם ותטמא־ בם ותקע נפשה מהם׃

Morphology

  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אליה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • בבל: NOUN,prop,sg,abs
  • למשכב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • דדים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ויטמאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • אותה: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • בתזנותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ותטמא: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • בם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ותקע: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • נפשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRONSUF,3,f,sg
  • מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:26 (verbal): Uses the same prostitute-city imagery and language of going after foreign lovers and being defiled — Jerusalem/Israel committing whoredom with nations and becoming polluted.
  • Ezekiel 23:12 (verbal): Within the same allegory (the two sisters), this verse parallels the description of one sister's affairs with Assyrian lovers — similar phrasing about lovers entering her bed and polluting her.
  • Isaiah 1:21 (thematic): Isaiah likewise portrays Zion as a once-faithful city turned harlot — a thematic parallel emphasizing urban/unfaithful Israel and moral/political corruption.
  • Jeremiah 3:8 (allusion): Jeremiah depicts Israel's unfaithfulness as adultery/whoredom and describes divine judgment (sending her away) — echoing the motif of adultery with foreign nations and resulting punishment.
  • Hosea 4:12-14 (thematic): Hosea condemns Israel's spiritual adultery (seeking other lovers/priests, idolatrous worship), a thematic parallel to Ezekiel's portrayal of prostitution as covenant unfaithfulness with foreign powers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The men of Babylon came to her for lustful intercourse, and defiled her by their whorings; she was defiled with them and her passion burned for them.
  • The men of Babylon came to her to bed and defiled her with their whorings; she defiled herself with them and lusted after them.
18 She exposed her whoredoms and uncovered her nakedness; and I was disgusted with her as I had been disgusted with her sister.

Eze.23.18 - Details

Original Text

ותגל תזנותיה ותגל את־ ערותה ותקע נפשי מעליה כאשר נקעה נפשי מעל אחותה׃

Morphology

  • ותגל: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • תזנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,suff
  • ותגל: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,suff
  • ותקע: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
  • מעליה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • נקעה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
  • מעל: PREP
  • אחותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3fs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:12 (verbal): Same chapter and parallel episode — the sister ‘uncovered her fornications’ and ‘discovered her nakedness’; closely related vocabulary and the prophet’s disgust (נקעה נפשי).
  • Ezekiel 16:25–34 (thematic): Extended allegory of Jerusalem as an unfaithful wife/prostitute; uses similar imagery of whoredom, exposure, and Yahweh’s revulsion and judgment against illicit lovers and nakedness.
  • Leviticus 18:6 (verbal): Uses the legal phrase ‘to uncover nakedness’ (גלה ערוה) to describe illicit sexual relations; Ezekiel adapts this technical sexual idiom for prophetic metaphor of prostitution.
  • Hosea 2:5–7 (thematic): Israel depicted as an unfaithful wife who pursues lovers and is judged — a closely related prophetic motif of marital infidelity as national apostasy, echoing Ezekiel’s prostitute-sisters imagery.

Alternative generated candidates

  • She displayed her whorings and uncovered her nakedness; I was disgusted with her as I was disgusted with her sister.
  • She exposed her whorings and uncovered her nakedness, and my soul loathed her just as it loathed her sister.
19 She multiplied her whoredoms in order to remember the days of her youth, when she prostituted herself in the land of Egypt.

Eze.23.19 - Details

Original Text

ותרבה את־ תזנותיה לזכר את־ ימי נעוריה אשר זנתה בארץ מצרים׃

Morphology

  • ותרבה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • תזנותיה: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • לזכר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • נעוריה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • זנתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:5 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same chapter stating that the sisters 'committed whoredom in Egypt'—supports the reference to her youthful prostitution in Egypt.
  • Ezekiel 16:26 (verbal): Ezekiel's larger Jerusalem parable similarly accuses Israel of lusting after the Egyptians and increasing her whoredom—echoes the imagery of sexual infidelity with Egypt.
  • Jeremiah 2:2 (thematic): God recalls 'the devotion of your youth'—uses the motif of 'remembering youth' to contrast Israel's former fidelity with later unfaithfulness, a thematic counterpoint to Ezek. 23:19.
  • Hosea 2:5 (thematic): Describes Israel pursuing lovers and later saying 'I will go and return to my first husband,' invoking nostalgia for an earlier (youthful) relationship—parallels the idea of recalling youthful illicit liaisons.
  • Isaiah 1:21 (thematic): Isaiah charges the 'faithful city' with becoming a harlot; uses urban-harlotry imagery to portray Israel/Jerusalem's unfaithfulness, akin to Ezekiel's prostitution motifs.

Alternative generated candidates

  • She multiplied her whorings to remember the days of her youth, when she prostituted herself in the land of Egypt.
  • She multiplied her whorings to remember the days of her youth, when she had prostituted herself in the land of Egypt.
20 She lusted after their paramours whose flesh was like the flesh of donkeys and whose virility was like that of stallions.

Eze.23.20 - Details

Original Text

ותעגבה על פלגשיהם אשר בשר־ חמורים בשרם וזרמת סוסים זרמתם׃

Morphology

  • ותעגבה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • על: PREP
  • פלגשיהם: NOUN,f,pl,poss
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • בשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חמורים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בשרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3mp
  • וזרמת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • סוסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • זרמתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:19 (verbal): Immediate context in the same chapter; 23:19–20 form a unit describing the woman’s lust for foreign lovers, using the same explicit bestial/animal potency imagery.
  • Ezekiel 16:26 (thematic): Earlier Ezekiel passage using the prostitute/unfaithful-wife metaphor for Israel’s sexual/political alliances with foreign powers—parallels the charge of lusting after foreign lovers.
  • Hosea 2:5–7 (Hebrew 2:7–9) (thematic): Hosea portrays Israel as an unfaithful wife pursuing lovers and idols; thematically parallels the marital/adulterous imagery of sexual infidelity and pursuit of foreign partners.
  • Deuteronomy 23:17–18 (allusion): Laws against cultic prostitution and paid sexual rites; provides legal/background frame for biblical condemnations of ritualized sexual infidelity that Ezekiel denounces.
  • Romans 1:24–27 (thematic): Paul’s account of sexual disorder and exchange of natural relations for corrupt passions echoes the OT theme of sexual depravity as evidence of covenant unfaithfulness (theological parallel rather than verbal).

Alternative generated candidates

  • She lusted after their paramours — the flesh of whose loins was like the flesh of donkeys, and whose emission was like that of stallions.
  • She lusted after the paramours whose flesh was like donkey’s flesh and whose sexual vigor flowed like that of stallions.
21 So she committed her whoredoms with them to inflame herself—to recall the breasts of her youth, the lewdness she practiced in Egypt.

Eze.23.21 - Details

Original Text

ותפקדי את זמת נעוריך בעשות ממצרים דדיך למען שדי נעוריך׃

Morphology

  • ותפקדי: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • זמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • נעוריך: NOUN,m,pl,const,suff:2f
  • בעשות: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • ממצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • דדיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2ms
  • למען: PREP
  • שדי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נעוריך: NOUN,m,pl,const,suff:2f

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:20 (verbal): Immediate neighbor-verse in the same chapter using explicit sexual imagery to describe Israel/Judah's lust for foreign nations; continues the same metaphors of bodily desire and foreign lovers (Egypt).
  • Ezekiel 16:26 (thematic): Ezekiel's earlier extended allegory of Jerusalem as an unfaithful wife who prostituted herself with the Egyptians; similar charge of sexualized political/religious infidelity with Egypt.
  • Hosea 9:1 (thematic): Hosea accuses Ephraim/Israel of 'hiring lovers' and abandoning covenant fidelity; parallels the motif of Israel seeking foreign partners (including Egypt) and being unfaithful to Yahweh.
  • Jeremiah 3:8 (allusion): Jeremiah speaks of God 'divorcing' Israel for her adulteries and foreign alliances; shares the prophetic legal/marital framework for condemning Israel's relations with foreign powers such as Egypt.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You recalled the lewdness of your youth, when you were naked and bare-breasted in the land of Egypt, and you lavished the caresses of your youth upon them.
  • You recalled the lewdness of your youth — the breasts of your youth — how you played the harlot in the land of Egypt to stir up your lust.
22 Therefore, Oholibah, thus says the Lord GOD: I will raise up your lovers against you, those whom you hated, and will bring them upon you from every side.

Eze.23.22 - Details

Original Text

לכן אהליבה כה־ אמר אדני יהוה הנני מעיר את־ מאהביך עליך את אשר־ נקעה נפשך מהם והבאתים עליך מסביב׃

Morphology

  • לכן: ADV
  • אהליבה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3f.suf
  • כה: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
  • מעיר: PREP
  • את: PRT,acc
  • מאהביך: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • עליך: PREP+2ms
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נקעה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • נפשך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,m
  • מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • והבאתים: VERB,hiph,impf,1,m,sg+3m,pl.obj
  • עליך: PREP+2ms
  • מסביב: ADV,loc

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:37-39 (verbal): Uses parallel language and legal/forensic imagery—God vows to 'gather' the city's lovers and hand her over to them, exposing and humiliating Jerusalem for its prostitution, closely matching the threat in Ezekiel 23:22.
  • Ezekiel 23:25 (structural): Immediate continuation in the same chapter: specifies the foreign nations ('strangers') who will come against Oholibah—develops the same promise to raise up lovers/enemies around her.
  • Hosea 2:7-9 (thematic): Hosea depicts Israel's adultery and divine response in terms of lovers and loss—God strips away what she gained by harlotry and punishes her, thematically echoing the motif of lovers/foreign powers turned against unfaithful Israel.
  • Jeremiah 3:8-9 (thematic): Jeremiah speaks of giving faithless Israel a 'certificate of divorce' for her adultery and portrays covenantal unfaithfulness leading to punitive measures—parallel theme of Israel/Judah as an unfaithful wife and God turning judgment upon her relationships (and so bringing calamity).

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore, Aholibah, thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I will stir up your lovers against you — those whom you despised and whose soul you loathed — and I will bring them against you from all around.
  • Therefore — Oholibah, thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I will stir up against you your lovers, those for whom your soul was sickened; I will bring them against you from every side.
23 Babylon and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa—land of the Chaldeans—and all the sons of Assyria, governors and commanders, all of them, captains and charioteers and horsemen, all of them.

Eze.23.23 - Details

Original Text

בני בבל וכל־ כשדים פקוד ושוע וקוע כל־ בני אשור אותם בחורי חמד פחות וסגנים כלם שלשים וקרואים רכבי סוסים כלם׃

Morphology

  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • בבל: NOUN,prop,sg,abs
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • כשדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • פקוד: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
  • ושוע: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
  • וקוע: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
  • כל: DET
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • אשור: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
  • בחורי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • חמד: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • פחות: ADV
  • וסגנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl
  • שלשים: NUM,m,pl,abs
  • וקרואים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • רכבי: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • סוסים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • כלם: PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 50:21 (verbal): Uses the rare place-name Pekod (Pekod is named alongside other peoples), as does Ezekiel 23:23, linking Pekod with military activity and divine action against nations.
  • Isaiah 10:5-6 (thematic): Portrays Assyria as the instrument/rod of God's judgment against nations (including Israel), paralleling Ezekiel's list of foreign powers—Babylon, Chaldeans, Assyrians—used to punish Jerusalem.
  • 2 Kings 24:10-16 (verbal): Records the historical action of Babylon/Chaldeans under Nebuchadnezzar against Jerusalem (siege, deportation), paralleling Ezekiel's catalogue of Babylonian/Chaldean forces employed in judgment.
  • Nahum 2:3-6 (thematic): Vivid military imagery of chariots, horsemen, and commanders storming a city (Nineveh/Assyria), thematically echoing Ezekiel's reference to mounted troops and commanders among the invading forces.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The sons of Babylon and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, all the sons of Assyria — governors, commanders, all of them, and choice young men, all horsemen and riders.
  • The men of Babylon and all the Chaldeans — Pekod, Shoa, and Koa — and all the house of Assyria, governors and princes, all of them, horsemen, cavalry.
24 They shall come against you with shields, chariots and wagons, a host of peoples; they shall set against you buckler and shield and helmet and lance on every side, and I will give them your case and they shall judge you by their judgments.

Eze.23.24 - Details

Original Text

ובאו עליך הצן רכב וגלגל ובקהל עמים צנה ומגן וקובע ישימו עליך סביב ונתתי לפניהם משפט ושפטוך במשפטיהם׃

Morphology

  • ובאו: VERB,qal,imp,2,mp
  • עליך: PREP+2ms
  • הצן: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • רכב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וגלגל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובקהל: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עמים: NOUN,pl,m,abs
  • צנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ומגן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וקובע: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישימו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • עליך: PREP+2ms
  • סביב: ADV
  • ונתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • לפניהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושפטוך: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl+OBJ,2,f,sg
  • במשפטיהם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:39 (verbal): Same prophetic context: God declares He will give Jerusalem/Israel into the hand of her lovers/enemies—language of handing over to foreign troops and their mistreatment echoes Ezek 23:24’s giving over to besieging forces.
  • Isaiah 10:5-7 (thematic): God uses a foreign power (Assyria) as His instrument of judgment against Israel—parallels the motif of nations/warfare being sent to punish and judge Israel.
  • Deuteronomy 28:49-52 (thematic): Part of the covenant curses: a foreign nation will come from afar to besiege and oppress Israel—echoes the imagery of enemies, siege-works and harsh rule in Ezek 23:24.
  • Jeremiah 25:9 (thematic): God summons the peoples of the north to execute judgment on Judah—aligns with Ezekiel’s theme that God will hand the city over to foreign nations who will judge and punish it.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They shall come against you with chariots and wagons and with a host of peoples; chariots and shields and helmets will be set against you round about. I will give you into their hand and they will deal with you according to their judgments.
  • They shall come against you with chariots and wagons, and with a throng of peoples; they will set bucklers and shields and a covered battering-ram all around you, and I will give them charge against you; I will hand you over to their judgment.
25 I will fill you with my burning jealousy; my wrath will make you a fire; your fountains shall be despoiled and your spring shall be dried up; your end shall be by the sword—your sons and your daughters I will give to the sword, and your land shall be burned with fire.

Eze.23.25 - Details

Original Text

ונתתי קנאתי בך ועשו אותך בחמה אפך ואזניך יסירו ואחריתך בחרב תפול המה בניך ובנותיך יקחו ואחריתך תאכל באש׃

Morphology

  • ונתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • קנאתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,m,sg
  • בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ועשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • אותך: PRON,2,m,sg
  • בחמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אפך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ואזניך: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+2m
  • יסירו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • ואחריתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+2m
  • בחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • תפול: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • המה: PRON,3,m,pl
  • בניך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+POSS,2,m,sg
  • ובנותיך: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+2ms
  • יקחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • ואחריתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+2m
  • תאכל: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
  • באש: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:37-41 (verbal): Uses the same judicial motif of Yahweh executing jealousy: enemies/’lovers’ are brought in as agents of punishment, the city/woman is stripped and shamed, children are taken/killed and houses/livelihoods are burned—close verbal and thematic overlap.
  • Ezekiel 5:11-12 (thematic): Similar prophetic formula of judgment: Yahweh declares he will bring sword/famine/pestilence so that the remnant will fall by the sword and survivors will be consumed—same fate language applied to Jerusalem.
  • Ezekiel 6:11 (verbal): Contains parallel wording about the remnant falling by the sword and what remains being consumed; continues Ezekiel’s recurrent diction for destruction by sword and fire.
  • Deuteronomy 28:32 (thematic): Part of the covenant curses: children given to another nation and the parents’ helpless watching—parallels the motif of offspring seized/removed as part of national judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I will put my jealousy upon you; they will deal with you in anger; they will take away your nose and your ears; your end shall be by the sword. They will take your sons and your daughters, and your houses shall be burned with fire.
  • I will set my jealousy against you, and they shall deal with you in furious wrath; they will strip you and your end shall come by the sword. They will take your sons and daughters, and they will burn up your houses with fire.
26 They will strip you of your clothes and take away your beautiful ornaments.

Eze.23.26 - Details

Original Text

והפשיטוך את־ בגדיך ולקחו כלי תפארתך׃

Morphology

  • והפשיטוך: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • בגדיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ולקחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • כלי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • תפארתך: NOUN,f,sg,suff-2fs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:37-39 (verbal): Same Ezekiel motif of exposing and stripping the unfaithful city/woman — God gathers her lovers, exposes her nakedness and brings shame/punishment.
  • Isaiah 47:2-3 (verbal): Babylon is commanded to 'take off your robe... strip off your skirt' and have her nakedness uncovered as part of divine humiliation — close verbal and imagistic parallel.
  • Isaiah 3:16-24 (thematic): God removes the finery and beauty of the women of Zion as punishment (ornaments exchanged for humiliation), a thematic parallel of stripping and loss of adornment.
  • Nahum 3:5 (verbal): The oracle threatens to lift up skirts and make the city’s nakedness and shame visible to nations — uses the same public-exposure language of humiliation.
  • Revelation 17:16 (thematic): The beast and horns make the prostitute 'desolate and naked' — New Testament recapitulation of the prophetic motif of divine judgment by stripping the harlot of her clothes and splendor.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They will strip you of your clothes and take away your splendid ornaments.
  • They will strip you of your clothes and take away your fine ornaments.
27 I will put an end to your whoredoms and your prostitution from the land of Egypt; you shall not look on them again and Egypt shall not be remembered by you any more.

Eze.23.27 - Details

Original Text

והשבתי זמתך ממך ואת־ זנותך מארץ מצרים ולא־ תשאי עיניך אליהם ומצרים לא תזכרי־ עוד׃

Morphology

  • והשבתי: VERB,hiph,perf,1,n,sg
  • זמתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2fs
  • ממך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • זנותך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2f
  • מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ולא: CONJ
  • תשאי: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
  • עיניך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2ms
  • אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • ומצרים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תזכרי: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
  • עוד: ADV

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:7-8 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same chapter describing the sisters' harlotry in Egypt; verse 27 resolves the earlier narrative by promising removal of that Egyptian lust.
  • Ezekiel 16:37-43 (thematic): Ezekiel's extended metaphor of Jerusalem as an unfaithful wife punished and stripped of her foreign lovers—God removes adulterous attachments and brings shame, similar to removing 'your whoring' from Egypt.
  • Jeremiah 2:18 (thematic): God rebukes Israel for looking to Egypt (and Assyria) for help—echoes the injunction in Ezek. 23:27 that they shall not lift their eyes to Egypt or remember it.
  • Isaiah 31:1 (thematic): A prophetic warning against relying on Egypt for military/political support; thematically parallels God’s rejection of Israel’s dependence on Egypt and the promise that they will no longer turn to it.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I will put an end to your prostitution and your whorings from the land of Egypt; you shall not look on them again, and Egypt shall not be remembered any more.
  • I will take away your prostitution from you and your adulteries from the land of Egypt; you shall not look again toward them, and Egypt shall not be remembered by you any more.
28 For thus says the Lord GOD: I will deliver you into the hand of those whom you hate, into the hand of those whose soul you loathe.

Eze.23.28 - Details

Original Text

כי כה אמר אדני יהוה הנני נתנך ביד אשר שנאת ביד אשר־ נקעה נפשך מהם׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • כה: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • הנני: PRT+PRON,1,sg
  • נתנך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg+obj2ms
  • ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • שנאת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נקעה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • נפשך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,m
  • מהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:24 (structural): Immediate context: an earlier verse in the same chapter declares God will deliver the city ‘into the hand of strangers’—same threat and legal-military action expressed in v.28.
  • Ezekiel 23:25 (structural): Continues the chapter’s punitive sequence—enemy seizure of offspring and spoil, elaborating the consequences of being handed over to hated foes.
  • Ezekiel 16:39 (verbal): Parallel language and imagery of Jerusalem as an unfaithful woman who will be ‘given into the hand’ of others as punishment—same metaphor of deliverance into hostile hands.
  • Ezekiel 25:7 (thematic): Another prophetic formula in Ezekiel where God pronounces that a people/nation will be delivered into the hand of those who rise up against them—same motif of divine judgment by handing over to enemies.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I will deliver you into the hand of those whom you hate, into the hand of those whose soul you loathe.
  • For thus says the Lord GOD: I will give you into the hand of one you hate, into the hand of those whose soul you loathed.
29 They shall deal with you in hatred; they shall take all that you worked for, and leave you desolate; they shall strip your cities and lay bare your nakedness—your harlotry and your abominations shall be uncovered.

Eze.23.29 - Details

Original Text

ועשו אותך בשנאה ולקחו כל־ יגיעך ועזבוך עירם ועריה ונגלה ערות זנוניך וזמתך ותזנותיך׃

Morphology

  • ועשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • אותך: PRON,2,m,sg
  • בשנאה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ולקחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • כל: DET
  • יגיעך: NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • ועזבוך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • עירם: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,m,pl
  • ועריה: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ונגלה: VERB,niphal,impf,3,_,sg
  • ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • זנוניך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+suf:2,f,sg
  • וזמתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+suf:2,f,sg
  • ותזנותיך: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs+suf:2,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:25-28 (structural): Immediate context in the same pericope: describes giving Oholibah into the hand of her lovers/enemies, plundering her labor, and exposing her shame—directly parallel to v.29's language of hatred, loss of toil, and exposed prostitution.
  • Ezekiel 16:37-43 (thematic): Earlier Ezekiel oracle using the same motif of Jerusalem/Oholah as a prostitute: lovers/enemies take her wealth/children, her lewdness is exposed and she is put to shame—parallels theme of humiliation and loss in 23:29.
  • Isaiah 47:3 (verbal): Prophecy against Babylon: 'Your nakedness shall be uncovered, your shame shall be seen'—language and motif of exposed nakedness and public shame closely echo Ezek. 23:29's disclosure of harlotry and nakedness.
  • Nahum 3:5 (verbal): Oracles against Nineveh: 'I will lift up your skirts over your face... I will make nations look at your nakedness'—uses the same explicit imagery of exposing prostitution and shame found in Ezek.23:29.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They will deal with you with hatred and take away all that you have labored for; they will leave you desolate of your cities and your sanctuaries, and your harlotry, promiscuity and whorings will be revealed.
  • They shall deal with you in hatred and take away all that you have labored for; they will leave you desolate — your cities and your dwellings — and your lewdness, your adulteries, and your prostitution shall be uncovered.
30 Thus I will do to you because you have gone the way of your sister.

Eze.23.30 - Details

Original Text

עשה אלה לך בזנותך אחרי גוים על אשר־ נטמאת בגלוליהם׃

Morphology

  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלה: DEM,pl,abs
  • לך: PRON,2,m,sg
  • בזנותך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,prep,poss_2f
  • אחרי: PREP
  • גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • על: PREP
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נטמאת: VERB,niphal,perf,2,f,sg
  • בגלוליהם: PREP,NOUN,m,pl,abs,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:26 (verbal): Same erotic/sexualized imagery of Israel 'playing the whore' and going after other nations/lovers and being defiled with their idols—close verbal and thematic overlap within Ezekiel's prostitute motif.
  • Hosea 2:13 (thematic): Uses the marriage/adultery metaphor for Israel's idolatry—she 'went after her lovers' and burned incense to Baal—parallel theme of pursuing foreign gods and defilement.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-9 (thematic): Jeremiah depicts Israel (and Judah) as an unfaithful wife who went after other lovers/gods and was defiled—closely parallels Ezekiel's charge of adultery/idolatry.
  • 1 Kings 11:4 (verbal): Solomon's foreign wives 'turned away his heart after other gods'—language of turning to foreign deities echoes Ezekiel's 'after the nations' and defilement with their idols.
  • Deuteronomy 32:17 (thematic): Israel 'sacrificed to demons, not to God' and worshiped gods they did not know—an early portrayal of apostasy/idolatry that underlies Ezekiel's accusation of defilement by foreign idols.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Thus I will do to you because you have played the harlot with the nations and have been defiled with their idols.
  • Thus shall they do to you because of your whoring with the nations, because you were defiled with their idols.
31 I will set her cup in your hand.

Eze.23.31 - Details

Original Text

בדרך אחותך הלכת ונתתי כוסה בידך׃

Morphology

  • בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אחותך: NOUN,f,sg,cs,2ms
  • הלכת: VERB,qal,perf,2,f,sg
  • ונתתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • כוסה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בידך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,suff,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 25:15 (verbal): Jeremiah uses the same cup-of-wrath imagery with the command to 'take from my hand this cup'—a close verbal parallel to God handing a cup as judgment.
  • Psalm 75:8 (verbal): The psalm declares 'in the hand of the LORD there is a cup,' using the same hand-and-cup motif to signify divine authority and judgment.
  • Isaiah 51:17 (thematic): Isaiah speaks of drinking 'at the hand of the LORD the cup of his wrath,' thematically parallel in portraying the cup as God's punitive judgment on Jerusalem.
  • Revelation 14:10 (thematic): The New Testament echoes the cup-of-wrath theme—'the wine of God's wrath'—applying the same imagery of a cup as divine punishment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You walked in the way of your sister; therefore I will give you her cup.
  • You followed the way of your sister; I will give you her cup.
32 Thus says the Lord GOD: You shall drink your sister's cup—deep and wide will it be; you shall be a scoffing and a derision, full of shame and mocking.

Eze.23.32 - Details

Original Text

כה אמר אדני יהוה כוס אחותך תשתי העמקה והרחבה תהיה לצחק וללעג מרבה להכיל׃

Morphology

  • כה: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • כוס: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
  • אחותך: NOUN,f,sg,cs,2ms
  • תשתי: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
  • העמקה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • והרחבה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
  • לצחק: INF,qal
  • וללעג: CONJ+PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • מרבה: ADJ,m,sg
  • להכיל: PREP+VERB,qal,inf

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 25:15-16 (verbal): Uses the 'cup' metaphor for divine judgment—God commands the prophet to make nations drink the cup of wrath, paralleling Ezekiel's image of drinking a sister's cup as punishment.
  • Isaiah 51:17,22 (verbal): Speaks of Jerusalem having 'drunk the cup' of the LORD's wrath and God taking the cup from her hand—close verbal and thematic parallel to drinking a cup that brings staggering, shame, and derision.
  • Psalm 75:8 (thematic): Declares that in the hand of the LORD is a cup (full of foaming wine) used to bring down the proud—shares the imagery of God's cup as an instrument of judgment and humiliation.
  • Revelation 14:10 (allusion): The book of Revelation applies the 'wine/cup of God's wrath' motif to final judgment ('he also will drink the wine of God's wrath'), echoing the prophetic cup imagery found in Ezekiel.
  • Ezekiel 23:33-34 (structural): Immediate context in the same chapter repeats and expands the consequences of drinking the sister's cup—drunkenness, vomiting, shame and public mockery—making verse 32 part of a contiguous denunciation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Thus says the Lord GOD: You shall drink the cup of your sister; its rim is broad and its brim deep — a cup of scorn and derision, abundant to make you drunk.
  • Thus says the Lord GOD: You shall drink your sister’s cup — a deep and broad cup, a cup of scorn and derision, full to overflowing.
33 You shall be filled with drunkenness and sorrow—this cup of staggering and desolation, Samaria's cup.

Eze.23.33 - Details

Original Text

שכרון ויגון תמלאי כוס שמה ושממה כוס אחותך שמרון׃

Morphology

  • שכרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויגון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • תמלאי: VERB,qal,impv,2,f,sg
  • כוס: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
  • שמה: ADV
  • ושממה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כוס: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
  • אחותך: NOUN,f,sg,cs,2ms
  • שמרון: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 25:15-16 (verbal): God commands Jeremiah to take the 'cup of the wine of wrath' and make nations drink—same cup imagery of divine punishment poured out on nations.
  • Jeremiah 51:7 (verbal): Babylon is described as 'a golden cup in the LORD’s hand' that made the nations drunk—parallels the motif of a city (Samaria) associated with drunkenness and a cup of judgment.
  • Isaiah 51:17-22 (thematic): Jerusalem is described as having 'drunk from the hand of the LORD the cup of his wrath'—the cup as divine retribution echoes Ezekiel’s language about filling Samaria’s cup with drunkenness and anguish.
  • Revelation 14:10 (thematic): The wicked are said to 'drink the wine of God's wrath'—a New Testament recapitulation of the cup-as-judgment motif found in Ezekiel 23:33.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You shall be filled with drunkenness and sorrow; the cup of your sister Samaria is a cup of shame and desolation.
  • You shall be filled with drunkenness and sorrow by that cup; the cup of your sister Samaria is a cup of desolation.
34 You shall drink it and drain it, and tear your breasts; and you shall be made sick with your lovers, for I have spoken, declares the Lord GOD.

Eze.23.34 - Details

Original Text

ושתית אותה ומצית ואת־ חרשיה תגרמי ושדיך תנתקי כי אני דברתי נאם אדני יהוה׃

Morphology

  • ושתית: VERB,qal,imprf,2,f,sg
  • אותה: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • ומצית: VERB,qal,imprf,2,f,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • חרשיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3f
  • תגרמי: VERB,qal,imprf,2,f,sg
  • ושדיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2f
  • תנתקי: VERB,qal,imprf,2,f,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • אני: PRON,1,sg
  • דברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
  • נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Jeremiah 25:15 (verbal): Jeremiah uses the cup-of-wrath motif—'Take from my hand the cup of the wine of wrath'—parallel to Ezekiel’s language of making a city drink judgment.
  • Isaiah 51:17,22 (verbal): Isaiah speaks of Jerusalem drinking the LORD’s cup of wrath and reeling from it; the imagery of making a city drink calamity closely matches Ezekiel’s wording.
  • Revelation 14:10 (allusion): The New Testament applies the 'cup of the wine of God's wrath' imagery to final divine judgment, echoing the prophetic cup motif found in Ezekiel.
  • Ezekiel 23:25 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same unit—earlier verses in chapter 23 use the same threats (fire, devastation, removal of produce/pastures) and develop the same oracle of punishment against the two cities.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You shall drink it and be exposed; you shall tear off your ornament and uncover your breasts — I have spoken, declares the Lord GOD.
  • You shall drink of it and be disgraced; you shall be stripped and made desolate, your lewdness shall be repaid, and your breasts shall be torn — for I have spoken, declares the Lord GOD.
35 Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Because you forgot me and cast me behind your back, you shall bear the penalty of your lewdness and your abominations.

Eze.23.35 - Details

Original Text

לכן כה אמר אדני יהוה יען שכחת אותי ותשליכי אותי אחרי גוך וגם־ את שאי זמתך ואת־ תזנותיך׃

Morphology

  • לכן: ADV
  • כה: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • יען: CONJ
  • שכחת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • אותי: PRON,1,sg,acc
  • ותשליכי: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
  • אותי: PRON,1,sg,acc
  • אחרי: PREP
  • גוך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,m
  • וגם: CONJ
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שאי: VERB,qal,imp,2,f,sg
  • זמתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2fs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • תזנותיך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,2,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:15-34 (verbal): Uses the same extended metaphor of Jerusalem as an unfaithful woman/whore, accusing her of prostitution and covenantal unfaithfulness—language and motifs parallel to 23:35.
  • Hosea 2:5-7; 3:1 (thematic): Describes Israel’s pursuit of other lovers and ‘forgetting’ the LORD, with the language of adultery and restoration matching the charge of casting God behind and prostituting herself.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-10 (allusion): Portrays Israel and Judah as unfaithful wives who have committed harlotry and forgotten the LORD—same prophetic charge of spiritual prostitution and abandonment of God.
  • Deuteronomy 32:15-18 (verbal): Speaks of Israel ‘forgetting the Rock who begot them’ and turning to idols/strange gods—parallels the motif of forgetting God and turning to other alliances/affections in Ezekiel 23:35.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Because you forgot me and cast me behind your back, you shall also bear the consequences of your lewdness and your whorings.
  • Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Because you have forgotten me and cast me behind your back, and have poured out your whorings and adulteries on everyone passing by,
36 And the LORD said to me: Son of man, will you judge Oholah and Oholibah? Make known to them their abominations;

Eze.23.36 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהוה אלי בן־ אדם התשפוט את־ אהלה ואת־ אהליבה והגד להן את תועבותיהן׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • התשפוט: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אהלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • אהליבה: NOUN,prop,f,sg
  • והגד: CONJ+VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
  • להן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • תועבותיהן: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:36 (verbal): Same prophet and legal/judicial language addressing Jerusalem's unfaithfulness—God announces judgment and exposes her 'abominations' in marriage/sexual imagery.
  • Ezekiel 23:2 (structural): Immediate literary parallel within the same allegory: the opening identification of the two women (Oholah and Oholibah) and the framing 'son of man' address that sets up the judgment scene.
  • Hosea 2:2–13 (thematic): Uses marriage/harlotry imagery to accuse Israel of prostitution and announces punishment and exposure of shame—theme of prophetic indictment of covenant unfaithfulness similar to Ezekiel 23:36.
  • Jeremiah 3:6–8 (thematic): Describes Israel's adultery and God's legal action (putting her away/divorce) for unfaithfulness; parallels the motif of divine judgment for covenantal 'whoredom' and public denunciation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then the LORD said to me, Son of man, will you judge Aholah and Aholibah? Make known to them their abominations,
  • the LORD said to me, "Son of man, judge Oholah and Oholibah—declare to them their abominations."
37 for they have committed adultery and blood is in their hands; with their idols they have committed adultery, and have even slain their children and given them to their idols to be devoured.

Eze.23.37 - Details

Original Text

כי נאפו ודם בידיהן ואת־ גלוליהן נאפו וגם את־ בניהן אשר ילדו־ לי העבירו להם לאכלה׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • נאפו: VERB,qal,perf,3,?,pl
  • ודם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בידיהן: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,pl
  • ואת: CONJ
  • גלוליהן: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,pl
  • נאפו: VERB,qal,perf,3,?,pl
  • וגם: CONJ
  • את: PRT,acc
  • בניהן: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,pl
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • ילדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • העבירו: VERB,hiph,perf,3,?,pl
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • לאכלה: PREP

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:20-21 (verbal): Same prophet earlier accuses Jerusalem of handing over her children to idols and offering them up, using similar language of giving sons/daughters to be consumed and of blood on the city’s hands.
  • Leviticus 18:21 (allusion): Explicit prohibition against giving one's offspring to Molech ('do not give any of your children to be sacrificed to Molech'), the cultic practice condemned in Ezekiel 23:37.
  • Leviticus 20:2-5 (thematic): Prescribes severe divine penalty for passing children through fire to Molech, linking the act with blood-guilt—echoing Ezekiel’s charge that blood is on their hands.
  • Jeremiah 7:31 (allusion): Jeremiah condemns the construction of high places in Tophet to burn sons and daughters, connecting child sacrifice, idolatry, and divine judgment similar to Ezekiel 23:37.
  • Psalm 106:37-38 (thematic): Describes Israelites sacrificing their sons and daughters and shedding innocent blood, defiling the land—paralleling Ezekiel’s depiction of child sacrifice and bloodguilt.

Alternative generated candidates

  • for they have committed adultery and blood is in their hands; they have committed adultery with their idols and have slain their children, whom they gave to their idols to be consumed.
  • For they committed whoredom and blood is on their hands; they defiled themselves with idols, and even by the blood of their sons whom they gave to their idols to devour them.
38 Moreover they have defiled my sanctuary in that day and have profaned my Sabbaths.

Eze.23.38 - Details

Original Text

עוד זאת עשו לי טמאו את־ מקדשי ביום ההוא ואת־ שבתותי חללו׃

Morphology

  • עוד: ADV
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • טמאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • מקדשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • ביום: PREP
  • ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • שבתותי: NOUN,f,pl,abs+1,sg
  • חללו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 20:13 (verbal): God recalls giving the sabbath as a sign and charges Israel with profaning My sabbaths—directly parallels the language and accusation of sabbath profanation.
  • Ezekiel 5:11 (verbal): Pronounces judgment because the people 'defiled My sanctuary'—uses the same motif of sanctuary defilement as grounds for divine punishment.
  • Leviticus 19:30 (quotation): Connects the twin injunctions to 'keep my sabbaths' and 'revere my sanctuary,' providing the legal/theological basis for Ezekiel's charge that both were profaned.
  • Exodus 31:14-15 (structural): Emphasizes the holiness and legal severity of Sabbath observance—background for understanding why profaning the sabbath is treated as a grave offense against God.
  • Jeremiah 17:27 (thematic): Warns that failure to keep and sanctify the sabbath will bring disaster on the city and temple—parallels Ezekiel's linkage of sabbath profanation with divine judgment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Moreover, they have done these things to me: they defiled my sanctuary on the same day and profaned my Sabbaths.
  • Moreover they did these things to me: they defiled my sanctuary on the same day and profaned my Sabbaths.
39 And when they slaughtered their children to their idols, they came into my sanctuary to profane it—behold, this is what they did within my house.

Eze.23.39 - Details

Original Text

ובשחטם את־ בניהם לגלוליהם ויבאו אל־ מקדשי ביום ההוא לחללו והנה־ כה עשו בתוך ביתי׃

Morphology

  • ובשחטם: PREP
  • את: PRT,acc
  • בניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,pl
  • לגלוליהם: PREP
  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • מקדשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • ביום: PREP
  • ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
  • לחללו: VERB,qal,inf,3,pl
  • והנה: ADV
  • כה: ADV
  • עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • בתוך: PREP
  • ביתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 12:31 (verbal): Forbids imitating the nations by causing children to pass through fire to Molech; language and prohibition parallel Ezekiel's charge of child sacrifice and profaning sacred space.
  • Leviticus 20:2-5 (verbal): Prescribes punishment for offering children to Molech and treats the act as a defilement; legal background to Ezekiel's denunciation of Israel's sacrificial child-killing.
  • Ezekiel 16:20-21 (verbal): Within the same prophetic corpus Ezekiel accuses Jerusalem of sacrificing sons and daughters to idols and polluting the land and house of God, using very similar imagery and charge.
  • Jeremiah 7:31 (thematic): Condemns child sacrifice in Topheth as an abomination and links it to the nation's sin; thematically parallels Ezekiel's depiction of children killed and the resulting desecration of holy things.
  • Jeremiah 32:35 (verbal): Explicitly condemns building Topheth and 'burning their sons and daughters' — language closely matching Ezekiel's description of children passed through fire and the profaning of sacred places.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And when they had slain their children to their idols, they came into my sanctuary to profane it — yes, thus they did within my house.
  • In slaughtering their sons for their idols and entering my sanctuary on the same day to profane it — behold, this they have done within my house.
40 They even sent for men to come from far away, and, lo, they came—men to whom they had been pleasing.

Eze.23.40 - Details

Original Text

ואף כי תשלחנה לאנשים באים ממרחק אשר מלאך שלוח אליהם והנה־ באו לאשר רחצת כחלת עיניך ועדית עדי׃

Morphology

  • ואף: CONJ+ADV
  • כי: CONJ
  • תשלחנה: VERB,qal,impf,2,f,sg
  • לאנשים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • באים: VERB,qal,part,3,m,pl
  • ממרחק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • מלאך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שלוח: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • והנה: ADV
  • באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לאשר: CONJ
  • רחצת: VERB,qal,perf,2,f,sg
  • כחלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
  • עיניך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2ms
  • ועדית: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,f,sg
  • עדי: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:25-26, 32-34 (verbal): Same prophetic imagery of Jerusalem as a harlot who adorns herself and turns to foreign lovers; language and motifs (adornment, prostitution with outsiders, impending judgment) closely parallel Ezek. 23:40.
  • Hosea 2:5-13 (thematic): Portrays Israel as an unfaithful wife who seeks foreign lovers and is punished—shares the theme of marital/sexual infidelity with foreign nations and the resulting divine judgment.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-8 (thematic): Describes Yahweh divorcing faithless Israel for her adulteries with other nations; the motif of sending Israel away for her unfaithfulness echoes the ‘sent to men from afar’ idea in Ezek. 23:40.
  • Revelation 17:1-6 (allusion): The apocalyptic depiction of the great prostitute (a city-woman adorned, committing fornication with kings/nations) draws on the prophetic prostitute metaphor used in Ezekiel 23.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Nor did you send to them only men from afar, men who were messengers sent to them; and behold, they came to the ones for whose love you longed and were assembled to them.
  • And though you sent for men to come from afar — messengers sent to you — behold, they came to you as soon as you had washed and adorned yourself and painted your eyes.
41 You decked yourself with fine ornaments and put oil on your head; you sat on a stately couch and a table was arranged before you; you had incense and oil on it.

Eze.23.41 - Details

Original Text

וישבת על־ מטה כבודה ושלחן ערוך לפניה וקטרתי ושמני שמת עליה׃

Morphology

  • וישבת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כבודה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושלחן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ערוך: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • לפניה: PREP,3,f,sg
  • וקטרתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:1,sg
  • ושמני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:1,sg
  • שמת: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • עליה: PREP,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:9-14 (verbal): God anoints Jerusalem with oil and adorns her, setting her in splendor on a couch — similar language of anointing, oil, and luxurious display.
  • Ezekiel 23:40 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter describing the sister seated on a splendid bed with a table before her and perfume/oil spread — a direct recapitulation of the motif.
  • Amos 6:4-6 (thematic): Condemns the wealthy reclining on couches, feasting and using finest ointments — parallels the theme of luxury, complacency, and moral failure associated with opulent display.
  • Proverbs 7:17-18 (verbal): The seductress ‘perfumes her bed’ with spices (myrrh, aloes, cinnamon) — closely parallels the image of perfumed/ oiled beds used to depict sexual seduction and infidelity.
  • Isaiah 3:16-17 (thematic): Depicts the daughters of Zion proud in their adornment and foretells humiliation as judgment — thematically parallels beauty, ornamentation, and impending divine punishment.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You sat on a stately bed, and a table was spread before you; anointing oil and incense were placed upon it.
  • You sat upon a bed of ivory; a table was set before you, and oil of fine fragrance was spread upon you.
42 The sound of a multitude was with her; men were brought to her from the multitudes—those arriving from the wilderness; they put bracelets on their hands and crowns of splendor on their heads.

Eze.23.42 - Details

Original Text

וקול המון שלו בה ואל־ אנשים מרב אדם מובאים סבאים ממדבר ויתנו צמידים אל־ ידיהן ועטרת תפארת על־ ראשיהן׃

Morphology

  • וקול: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • המון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • שלו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ואל: CONJ+PREP
  • אנשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • מרב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מובאים: VERB,pual,part,3,m,pl
  • סבאים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ממדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,const
  • ויתנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • צמידים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • ידיהן: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,pl
  • ועטרת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cs
  • תפארת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • ראשיהן: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:11-14 (verbal): Uses the same vocabulary of bracelets, chains, and a crown to describe how Jerusalem was adorned—language echoed in Ezek 23:42 as adornment given to a prostituted city.
  • Isaiah 3:18-23 (thematic): Lists jewelry and ornaments (nose rings, bracelets, headbands, ankle chains) as marks of feminine adornment tied to pride and forthcoming judgment, paralleling the image of decorative accoutrements in Ezek 23:42.
  • Song of Solomon 1:10-11 (verbal): Speaks of earrings, chains, and a crown of gold—similar vocabulary and imagery of personal jewelry and crowns that underlie the erotic/ornamental motif in Ezek 23:42.
  • Revelation 17:4 (thematic): Describes the symbolic 'harlot' clothed in purple and scarlet and adorned with gold, precious stones, and pearls—New Testament recapitulation of the image of a city/woman profligately adorned as part of her corruption, as in Ezek 23:42.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the sound of a great multitude was with her; men of great numbers were brought from the wilderness, and they put bracelets on their hands and crowns of splendor on their heads.
  • The sound of a throng was around you — men thronging from the wilderness. They brought bracelets for your hands and crowns of splendor for your heads.
43 And he said to her, 'Go now, play the harlot!' So she played the harlot with them, and they committed whoredom together.

Eze.23.43 - Details

Original Text

ואמר לבלה נאופים עתה יזנו תזנותה והיא׃

Morphology

  • ואמר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • לבלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • נאופים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • עתה: ADV
  • יזנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • תזנותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • והיא: CONJ+PRON,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:32 (verbal): Ezekiel 16 and 23 use virtually the same erotic/harlot vocabulary to accuse Jerusalem of prostitution with foreign lovers; both passages portray the city as an adulterous woman and employ similar imagery and legal/accusatory language.
  • Isaiah 1:21 (verbal): Isaiah calls Jerusalem a 'harlot' (זונה) and laments her fall from faithfulness—same metaphor of the city as an unfaithful woman as in Ezekiel 23.
  • Hosea 2:2 (thematic): Hosea portrays Israel as an unfaithful wife and exhorts judgment/pleading; the theme of covenantal adultery with foreign nations parallels Ezekiel’s depiction of harlotry.
  • Jeremiah 3:8 (thematic): Jeremiah speaks of putting away unfaithful Israel/Samaria for adultery with nations—like Ezekiel 23, it frames political/religious apostasy as sexual unfaithfulness and judicial rejection.
  • Revelation 17:1-5 (allusion): The book of Revelation reworks the prophetic harlot motif (the 'great harlot'/'Babylon') to depict corrupt cities/powers; it echoes Ezekiel’s image of a city as a prostitute allied to foreign powers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he said to them, 'Return, O harlots — now let your whorings be renewed' — and they reveled with her.
  • And I said, "Since you are adulteresses, do your whorings now," and so you did.
44 As men come to a harlot, so they came to Oholah and Oholibah—their lustful wives.

Eze.23.44 - Details

Original Text

ויבוא אליה כבוא אל־ אשה זונה כן באו אל־ אהלה ואל־ אהליבה אשת הזמה׃

Morphology

  • ויבוא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • אליה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • כבוא: CONJ
  • אל: NEG
  • אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • זונה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כן: ADV
  • באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • אהלה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואל: CONJ+PREP
  • אהליבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
  • הזמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 23:2-5 (structural): Immediate context: the chapter repeatedly depicts Aholah and Aholibah as prostitutes; verses just earlier and later employ the same harlotry imagery to describe their unfaithfulness.
  • Ezekiel 16:25-26 (verbal): Ezekiel's extended allegory of Jerusalem uses prostitution language and describes nations/foreigners coming to her like lovers, paralleling the sexualized imagery of covenant unfaithfulness.
  • Hosea 4:12-13 (thematic): Hosea portrays Israel's spiritual adultery as prostitution—an unfaithfulness that leads the people to seek other 'lovers' (idols/foreign nations), echoing Ezekiel's motif of a faithless wife.
  • Jeremiah 3:6-8 (thematic): Jeremiah uses the divorce/adultery metaphor for Israel's infidelity, recounting how God 'divorced' faithless Israel for her adultery—paralleling Ezekiel's moral-political indictment framed as prostitution.
  • Revelation 17:1-5 (allusion): The New Testament imagery of 'Babylon the Great, the mother of prostitutes' draws on the prophetic harlot motif (including Ezekiel) to depict a city/nation steeped in spiritual and political unfaithfulness.

Alternative generated candidates

  • As one goes to a harlot so they came to Aholah and to Aholibah, the lewd women.
  • As one comes to a harlot, so men came to Oholah and Oholibah—women of wantonness.
45 Yet these men, their own judges, were righteous—judging them according to the laws for adultery and for bloodshed; for they had committed adultery and there was blood on their hands.

Eze.23.45 - Details

Original Text

ואנשים צדיקם המה ישפטו אותהם משפט נאפות ומשפט שפכות דם כי נאפת הנה ודם בידיהן׃

Morphology

  • ואנשים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • צדיקם: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • המה: PRON,3,m,pl
  • ישפטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אותהם: PRON,3,pl,acc
  • משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נאפות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ומשפט: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שפכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • דם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • נאפת: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • הנה: PART
  • ודם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בידיהן: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,pl,f

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:38-39 (verbal): Nearly identical legal formula: God pronounces judgment for adultery and for blood-guilt (‘blood in her hands’), condemning Jerusalem’s sexual unfaithfulness and violence—close verbal parallel to 23:45.
  • Ezekiel 23:37 (verbal): Earlier verse in the same chapter that accuses the sisters of harlotry and bloodshed (their hands full of blood), providing immediate contextual and verbal parallel to the charge and judgment in 23:45.
  • Hosea 4:2 (thematic): Lists sexual unfaithfulness alongside violence and murder (‘there is swearing, lying, murder, stealing, committing adultery’), thematically linking adultery and bloodshed as communal sins meriting judgment.
  • Revelation 17:2-6 (allusion): Apocalyptic reworking of the prostitute motif: a corrupt city/empire accused of fornication with the nations and of blood-guilt (persecution of the saints), echoing prophetic indictments that couple adultery and bloodshed.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And righteous men will judge them — judgment for harlotry and for bloodshed; for they are guilty of harlotry and their hands are full of blood.
  • Yet even their men of uprightness will pass judgment upon them — judgment for adultery and for bloodshed; for they are adulteresses and blood is on their hands.
46 Thus says the Lord GOD: I will bring up a company against them, and will deliver them to plunder and to shame.

Eze.23.46 - Details

Original Text

כי כה אמר אדני יהוה העלה עליהם קהל ונתן אתהן לזעוה ולבז׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • כה: ADV
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • העלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,def
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • קהל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ונתן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אתהן: PART+PRON,3,f,pl
  • לזעוה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ולבז: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:39 (verbal): God declares he will deliver Jerusalem into the hands of those she hates who will deal with her in hatred and take away her property — language and idea closely parallel 'setting a force against them' and 'giving them to plunder/spoil.'
  • Ezekiel 25:7 (thematic): Judgment oracle against Ammon: 'I will give the Ammonites as a possession to the people of the east'—a parallel motif of God handing a people over to others as spoil/possession.
  • Deuteronomy 28:52 (structural): Part of the covenant curses describing siege, continual plundering, and children given to other peoples—a canonical antecedent for the theme of being delivered to plunder and spoil.
  • 2 Kings 24:2 (thematic): Historical summation: because of Judah's sins the LORD strengthened the king of Babylon and delivered Judah into his hand—an historical example of God 'setting a force against' Israel and handing them over to plunder.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Thus says the Lord GOD: Assemble a host against them, bring up the peoples to execute judgment upon them, and give them for plunder and spoil.
  • For thus says the Lord GOD: I will raise up a company against them and give them to plunder and spoil.
47 They shall stone them with stones, cut them down with their swords; their sons and daughters shall be slain, and their houses shall be burned.

Eze.23.47 - Details

Original Text

ורגמו עליהן אבן קהל וברא אותהן בחרבותם בניהם ובנותיהם יהרגו ובתיהן באש ישרפו׃

Morphology

  • ורגמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • עליהן: PREP+PRON,3,pl,f
  • אבן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • קהל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וברא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אותהן: PRON,3,f,pl
  • בחרבותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
  • בניהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,pl
  • ובנותיהם: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,m,pl
  • יהרגו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • ובתיהן: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,f,pl
  • באש: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ישרפו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 13:12-16 (verbal): Law concerning an idolatrous city: gather its inhabitants, stone them with stones and burn the city — closely parallels the stoning and burning language of Ezek. 23:47.
  • Ezekiel 9:5-6 (verbal): Earlier Ezekiel oracle describing agents who go through the city to slay inhabitants (men, women, children) — similar imagery of execution and communal slaughter.
  • 2 Kings 10:25-27 (thematic): Jehu’s purge of Baal worshippers: mass execution and destruction/ burning of the house of Baal — parallels punitive violence against idolatry and burning of houses.
  • Jeremiah 19:7-9 (thematic): Jeremiah’s judgment oracle promising severe domestic devastation (including cannibalistic imagery and shortness of days) as punishment for idolatry — thematically akin to Ezekiel’s violent punishments.
  • Psalm 137:9 (thematic): Imprecatory wish that Babylonian captors dash infants against the rock — echoes the brutal image of killing children as part of retributive justice found in Ezek. 23:47.

Alternative generated candidates

  • They shall stone them with stones and slay them with their swords; their sons and daughters shall be slain, and their houses shall be plundered and laid waste.
  • They shall pelt them with stones in the public ways, strike them down with swords; their sons and daughters shall be slain, and their houses shall be burned.
48 I will put an end to their lewdness from the earth, that all women may be instructed and not act as your harlotries.

Eze.23.48 - Details

Original Text

והשבתי זמה מן־ הארץ ונוסרו כל־ הנשים ולא תעשינה כזמתכנה׃

Morphology

  • והשבתי: VERB,hiph,perf,1,n,sg
  • זמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מן: PREP
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ונוסרו: CONJ+VERB,niphal,perf,3,f,pl
  • כל: DET
  • הנשים: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • ולא: CONJ
  • תעשינה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • כזמתכנה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,f,pl

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:37-41 (verbal): Ezekiel 16 uses the same harlotry-marriage metaphor and contains closely parallel language about removing prostitution and punishing the city's sexual/idolatrous adultery (ending her harlotry).
  • Hosea 2:7 (thematic): Hosea portrays Israel as an unfaithful wife whose 'lovers' are taken away so she will cease prostituting herself and return to her husband—a thematic parallel to God removing harlotry from the land.
  • Jeremiah 3:8-14 (thematic): Jeremiah depicts Israel's adultery/divorce and then calls her to return; the passage treats national idolatry as sexual unfaithfulness and anticipates a turning from prostituting practices, echoing Ezekiel’s intent to end harlotry.
  • Revelation 17:1-6 (allusion): The vision of 'Babylon the Great, mother of prostitutes' draws on the prophetic prostitute motif; Revelation announces judgment that ends the city's fornication—an apocalyptic echo of the prophetic promise to remove harlotry.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I will put an end to your lewdness from the earth, and the women shall no more rule over you in lewdness.
  • I will cleanse the lewdness from the land; all the women shall cease their lewdness and learn not to act as you did.
49 And I will lay the recompense of your lewdness upon you, and will require your idols from you; and you shall know that I am the LORD.

Eze.23.49 - Details

Original Text

ונתנו זמתכנה עליכן וחטאי גלוליכן תשאינה וידעתם כי אני אדני יהוה׃

Morphology

  • ונתנו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • זמתכנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2,f,pl
  • עליכן: PREP+PRON,2,f,pl
  • וחטאי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • גלוליכן: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2,f,pl
  • תשאינה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,pl
  • וידעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • אני: PRON,1,sg
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Ezekiel 16:63 (verbal): Concluding formula and context are parallel: after describing Jerusalem’s prostitution and God’s retribution God says she will remember/know that He is the LORD—same purpose-language as Ezek.23:49.
  • Ezekiel 36:22-23 (thematic): God’s acts of judgment and restoration are enacted so that the nations and Israel 'may know that I am the LORD'—the same theological aim stated at the end of Ezek.23:49.
  • Leviticus 26:27-39 (structural): Part of the covenant‑curse pattern: idolatry brings specified punishments and exile so that Israel bears the consequences of their sin—structurally analogous to 'they shall put your lewdness upon you and you shall bear' in Ezek.23:49.
  • Jeremiah 2:19 (thematic): God warns that Israel’s own wickedness will correct and reprove them—theme of bearing the consequences of unfaithfulness/idolatry and being brought to recognition of God, paralleling Ezek.23:49.

Alternative generated candidates

  • I will cause your lewdness to be upon you, and you shall bear the punishment for your idols; then you shall know that I am the Lord GOD.
  • I will set your lewdness upon you, and you shall bear the punishment of your idol sins, and you shall know that I am the LORD.

And the word of the LORD came to me, saying:

Son of man, there were two women, daughters of one mother.

They prostituted themselves in Egypt in their youth; there they committed whoredom: at the breasts of their youth they handled one another, and there they defiled their virginity.

Their names were Oholah the elder and Oholibah her sister. They became mine, and bore sons and daughters. Oholah was called Samaria, and Oholibah was called Jerusalem. And Oholah played the harlot while she was mine; she lusted after her lovers—neighbors, the Assyrians.

She decked herself with blue and purple and embroidered garments, with governors and commanders and handsome young men, all captains and horsemen riding steeds.

She gave her whoredom to them—the choicest sons of Assyria all of them—and with all whom she lusted after she defiled herself.

She did not abandon the prostitution she had practiced in Egypt, for in her youth men lay with her there and they handled the breasts of her virginity; there she poured out her whoredom upon them.

Therefore I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians, on account of whom she lusted.

They unveiled her nakedness, took her sons and daughters and struck them down with the sword; and she became a spoil to them—an object of shame—and they executed judgments upon her. And her sister Oholibah saw this, and she was more corrupt in her lust than she, and she saw her sister's whoredoms.

She lusted after the Assyrians more than she; governors and commanders were seen by her—clothed in blue, horsemen riding horses, all attractive young men, captains, all of them. So I observed that she had polluted herself; there was a single way for the two of them to be defiled.

Moreover she added to her whoredoms; she saw engraved images of the Chaldeans on the wall—figures cut in vermilion.

Girded with belts upon their loins, daggers at their hips, turbans on their heads—each one the appearance of young men—the likeness of the Babylonians, Chaldeans, the land of their nativity. And she lusted after them and sent messengers to them, after men who were pleasing to her.

The men came to her, to the couch of love; they defiled her with their prostitution, and she was defiled by them—her heart went after them.

She exposed her whoredoms and uncovered her nakedness; and I was disgusted with her as I had been disgusted with her sister.

She multiplied her whoredoms in order to remember the days of her youth, when she prostituted herself in the land of Egypt.

She lusted after their paramours whose flesh was like the flesh of donkeys and whose virility was like that of stallions. So she committed her whoredoms with them to inflame herself—to recall the breasts of her youth, the lewdness she practiced in Egypt.

Therefore, Oholibah, thus says the Lord GOD: I will raise up your lovers against you, those whom you hated, and will bring them upon you from every side.

Babylon and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa—land of the Chaldeans—and all the sons of Assyria, governors and commanders, all of them, captains and charioteers and horsemen, all of them.

They shall come against you with shields, chariots and wagons, a host of peoples; they shall set against you buckler and shield and helmet and lance on every side, and I will give them your case and they shall judge you by their judgments.

I will fill you with my burning jealousy; my wrath will make you a fire; your fountains shall be despoiled and your spring shall be dried up; your end shall be by the sword—your sons and your daughters I will give to the sword, and your land shall be burned with fire.

They will strip you of your clothes and take away your beautiful ornaments.

I will put an end to your whoredoms and your prostitution from the land of Egypt; you shall not look on them again and Egypt shall not be remembered by you any more.

For thus says the Lord GOD: I will deliver you into the hand of those whom you hate, into the hand of those whose soul you loathe.

They shall deal with you in hatred; they shall take all that you worked for, and leave you desolate; they shall strip your cities and lay bare your nakedness—your harlotry and your abominations shall be uncovered. Thus I will do to you because you have gone the way of your sister.

I will set her cup in your hand. Thus says the Lord GOD: You shall drink your sister's cup—deep and wide will it be; you shall be a scoffing and a derision, full of shame and mocking.

You shall be filled with drunkenness and sorrow—this cup of staggering and desolation, Samaria's cup.

You shall drink it and drain it, and tear your breasts; and you shall be made sick with your lovers, for I have spoken, declares the Lord GOD.

Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Because you forgot me and cast me behind your back, you shall bear the penalty of your lewdness and your abominations. And the LORD said to me: Son of man, will you judge Oholah and Oholibah? Make known to them their abominations;

for they have committed adultery and blood is in their hands; with their idols they have committed adultery, and have even slain their children and given them to their idols to be devoured.

Moreover they have defiled my sanctuary in that day and have profaned my Sabbaths. And when they slaughtered their children to their idols, they came into my sanctuary to profane it—behold, this is what they did within my house.

They even sent for men to come from far away, and, lo, they came—men to whom they had been pleasing.

You decked yourself with fine ornaments and put oil on your head; you sat on a stately couch and a table was arranged before you; you had incense and oil on it.

The sound of a multitude was with her; men were brought to her from the multitudes—those arriving from the wilderness; they put bracelets on their hands and crowns of splendor on their heads. And he said to her, 'Go now, play the harlot!' So she played the harlot with them, and they committed whoredom together.

As men come to a harlot, so they came to Oholah and Oholibah—their lustful wives.

Yet these men, their own judges, were righteous—judging them according to the laws for adultery and for bloodshed; for they had committed adultery and there was blood on their hands. Thus says the Lord GOD: I will bring up a company against them, and will deliver them to plunder and to shame.

They shall stone them with stones, cut them down with their swords; their sons and daughters shall be slain, and their houses shall be burned.

I will put an end to their lewdness from the earth, that all women may be instructed and not act as your harlotries. And I will lay the recompense of your lewdness upon you, and will require your idols from you; and you shall know that I am the LORD.