Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem
Luke 19:28-44
Luke.19.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- ειπων: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,m,sg
- ταυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- επορευετο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,sg
- εμπροσθεν: PREP
- αναβαινων: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- Ιεροσολυμα: NOUN,acc,pl,n
Parallels
- Luke 9:51 (verbal): Uses similar language about Jesus 'going up to Jerusalem' (ἐπὶ τὸ Ἄνω Ἰεροσόλυμα), marking a decisive movement toward Jerusalem in Luke's narrative.
- Luke 18:31 (verbal): Jesus again announces that they will 'go up to Jerusalem' (ἀναβαίνομεν εἰς Ἰεροσόλυμα), echoing the same verbal motif and the journey's purpose.
- Mark 10:32 (verbal): Mark describes Jesus and the disciples 'going up to Jerusalem' (ἀναβαίνοντες εἰς Ἰεροσόλυμα), a parallel phrasing that leads into passion predictions and the entry narrative.
- John 12:12-13 (thematic): John's account of the crowds and the triumphal entry into Jerusalem corresponds to Luke 19's immediate context—the approach and entry into the city—though with different emphases and details.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when he had said these things, he went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem.
- After he had said these things, he went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem.
Luke.19.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- ως: ADV
- ηγγισεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- Βηθφαγη: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- Βηθανιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- προς: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ορος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- καλουμενον: PART,pres,pass,acc,sg,m
- Ελαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- απεστειλεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- δυο: NUM,acc,pl,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- μαθητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 21:1-3 (verbal): Same narrative moment—Jesus approaches Bethphage/Bethany and sends two disciples to fetch a donkey/colt; wording and sequence closely parallel Luke’s account.
- Mark 11:1-3 (verbal): Parallel Synoptic account: Jesus near Bethphage/Bethany on the Mount of Olives and sends two disciples with similar instructions to obtain a colt.
- John 12:12-15 (thematic): John describes the triumphal entry into Jerusalem from Bethany and cites the Messianic image of coming on a donkey (echoing the same event though John omits the sending of two disciples).
- Zechariah 9:9 (allusion): Old Testament prophecy of the king coming humble on a donkey; later gospel writers apply this prophecy to the entry that Luke is introducing by Jesus’ approach to the Mount of Olives and sending for a colt.
Alternative generated candidates
- When he drew near to Bethphage and Bethany, at the place called the Mount of Olives, he sent two of the disciples,
- When he drew near to Bethphage and Bethany, at the place called the Mount of Olives, he sent two of the disciples,
Luke.19.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγων·Υπαγετε: PTCP,pres,act,nom,sg,m + VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- κατεναντι: PREP
- κωμην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- εισπορευομενοι: PART,pres,mid,nom,pl,m
- ευρησετε: VERB,fut,act,ind,2,pl
- πωλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- δεδεμενον: PART,perf,pass,acc,sg,m
- εφ᾽ον: PREP+REL,acc,sg,m
- ουδεις: PRON,nom,sg,m
- πωποτε: ADV
- ανθρωπων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- εκαθισεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- λυσαντες: PTCP,aor,act,nom,pl,m
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- αγαγετε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
Parallels
- Mark 11:2-3 (verbal): Nearly identical instruction to go into the village and find a colt tied, including the detail that no one has ever sat on it (verbal and narrative parallel).
- Matthew 21:2-3 (verbal): Parallel account of the same commissioning to fetch a colt for Jesus' entry, with comparable wording and logistical details.
- John 12:14-15 (quotation): John records Jesus riding a young donkey and explicitly cites Zechariah 9:9, linking the colt episode to Messianic prophecy (connects the event to OT fulfillment).
- Zechariah 9:9 (allusion): The prophetic source for the imagery of a king coming humble and riding on a donkey/colt; provides the theological background for the Gospel narratives of the colt being brought for Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- and said, 'Go into the village opposite you; there you will find a colt tied, on which no one has ever yet sat. Untie it and bring it here.'
- saying, "Go into the village opposite you; as soon as you enter it you will find a colt tied on which no one has ever sat. Untie it and bring it here."
Luke.19.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εαν: CONJ
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,?
- υμας: PRON,acc,pl,2
- ερωτα·Δια: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg+PREP
- τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
- λυετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- ουτως: ADV
- ερειτε: VERB,fut,act,ind,2,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- Ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- χρειαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εχει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 21:2–3 (verbal): Near-verbatim parallel in Matthew’s triumphal-entry account — the disciples are told to say that 'the Lord has need of it/him.'
- Mark 11:2–3 (verbal): Mark preserves the same instruction and wording: disciples are to tell the owner that 'the Lord has need of it,' a close verbal parallel to Luke 19:31.
- John 12:14–15 (thematic): John’s account of the triumphal entry also has Jesus riding a young donkey and cites fulfillment of prophecy, thematically parallel to Luke’s obtaining of the colt.
- Zechariah 9:9 (quotation): OT prophecy of a king coming humble on a donkey; Luke’s colt episode (and the disciples’ instructions) function to fulfill and allude to this prophecy.
- Luke 19:35 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation in Luke: the disciples bring the colt and put garments on it — the actual fulfillment of the instruction in 19:31.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if anyone asks you, 'Why are you untying it?' you shall say this: 'The Lord has need of it.'
- If anyone asks you, 'Why are you untying it?' you shall say this: 'The Lord has need of it.'
Luke.19.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- απελθοντες: PART,aor,act,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- απεσταλμενοι: VERB,perf,pas,part,nom,pl,m
- ευρον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- καθως: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
Parallels
- Matthew 21:2-3 (verbal): Parallel synoptic account of the same episode; the disciples are sent to get a colt and they find it as Jesus had told them (Matthew’s wording closely parallels Luke’s).
- Mark 11:2-3 (verbal): Mark’s version of the sending of the disciples to obtain the colt; the men go and find the animal exactly as Jesus predicted, mirroring Luke 19:32’s report.
- Mark 11:4-6 (structural): Continues the Markan sequence (finding the colt and taking it to Jesus); mirrors Luke’s narrative sequence and the motif of obedience to Jesus’ instruction.
- John 12:12-15 (thematic): John’s account of the Triumphal Entry parallels Luke’s contextually (crowds, palm branches, hosanna) and emphasizes fulfillment of prophecy, connecting to the same event in which the colt is obtained.
- Zechariah 9:9 (quotation): Old Testament prophecy cited in the Gospel accounts of the entry; thematically linked as the promised king coming on a donkey — the broader prophetic backdrop for the episode in which the disciples ‘found as he had told them.’
Alternative generated candidates
- So those who were sent went away and found everything just as he had told them.
- Those who were sent went away and found it just as he had told them.
Luke.19.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λυοντων: VERB,pres,act,ptcp,gen,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- πωλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- ειπαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- κυριοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- προς: PREP
- αυτους·Τι: PRON,acc,pl,m
- λυετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- πωλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 11:4-5 (verbal): Same episode: bystanders ask those untying the colt, 'What are you doing, untying the colt?' and the disciples reply with Jesus' instruction — a near-verbatim parallel to Luke's account.
- Matthew 21:2-7 (structural): Part of the Triumphal Entry narrative: disciples sent to fetch a donkey/colt, they untie it and bring it to Jesus; Matthew includes the instruction about what to say if questioned, paralleling Luke's untying scene.
- John 12:14-16 (thematic): John recounts Jesus' entry on a young donkey and the crowd's reaction, linking to the same triumphal entry tradition that Luke records when the disciples untie the colt.
- Zechariah 9:9 (allusion): Prophetic background for the triumphal entry — 'your king comes... humble, riding on a donkey' — which Luke's colt episode is presented as fulfilling.
Alternative generated candidates
- As they were untying the colt, its owners said to them, 'Why are you untying the colt?'
- As they were untying the colt its owners said to them, "Why are you untying the colt?"
Luke.19.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- ειπαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- Ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- χρειαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εχει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Mark 11:3 (verbal): Near-verbatim parallel: Mark records the disciples telling the owners that 'the Lord has need of it' when seizing the colt.
- Matthew 21:3 (verbal): Verbal parallel in Matthew's triumphal-entry account—disciples instructed to say the Lord has need of the animal.
- Zechariah 9:9 (allusion): Old Testament prophecy of a king coming humble, riding on a donkey; provides the messianic background/fulfillment motive for taking the colt.
- John 12:15 (quotation): John explicitly cites Zechariah's prophecy to explain Jesus' entry on a donkey, linking the colt incident to messianic fulfillment.
Alternative generated candidates
- They said, 'The Lord has need of it.'
- They said, "The Lord has need of it." So they brought it to Jesus; and they threw their garments over the colt and set Jesus on it.
Luke.19.35 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ηγαγον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- προς: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- Ιησουν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- επιριψαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- ιματια: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- επι: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- πωλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- επεβιβασαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- Ιησουν·: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 21:7 (verbal): Disciples put their cloaks on the colt and set Jesus on it — a near verbal parallel to Luke’s description of placing garments on the colt and seating Jesus.
- Mark 11:7 (verbal): Mark recounts the same action: they brought the colt, threw their cloaks on it, and set Jesus on it, closely matching Luke’s wording and sequence.
- John 12:14-15 (allusion): John likewise has Jesus ride a young donkey and the disciples putting garments on it; he frames the action as fulfillment of prophecy, alluding to the same Triumphal Entry tradition.
- Zechariah 9:9 (quotation): The prophetic image of a king coming ‘humble and mounted on a donkey’ is cited by the Gospel writers as the Old Testament fulfillment behind the Triumphal Entry described in Luke 19:35.
Alternative generated candidates
- So they brought it to Jesus; and they threw their garments upon the colt and set him on it.
- As he went, they spread their garments on the road.
Luke.19.36 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- πορευομενου: VERB,pres,mid,part,gen,m,sg
- δε: CONJ
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- υπεστρωννυον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- ιματια: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- εαυτων: PRON,gen,pl,3
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- οδω: NOUN,dat,sg,f
Parallels
- Matthew 21:8 (verbal): During the triumphal entry the crowds spread their cloaks on the road before Jesus—close verbal and narrative parallel to Luke's description of garments being laid down.
- Mark 11:8 (verbal): Mark recounts the same action of people spreading their garments on the road as Jesus rode into Jerusalem, mirroring Luke's wording and scene.
- John 12:13 (verbal): John includes the detail that people spread their garments (and palm branches) on the road in the triumphal entry—another direct verbal parallel emphasizing the crowd's homage.
- 2 Kings 9:13 (allusion): When Jehu is acclaimed king, people spread their cloaks under him on the steps—an Old Testament precedent for spreading garments as a royal recognition, which the Gospel scene alludes to typologically.
Alternative generated candidates
- As he went, they spread their cloaks on the road.
- As he drew near — already descending the Mount of Olives — the whole company of disciples began to praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works they had seen,
Luke.19.37 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εγγιζοντος: VERB,pres,act,part,gen,m,sg
- δε: CONJ
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- ηδη: ADV
- προς: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- καταβασει: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- Ορους: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Ελαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- ηρξαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- απαν: ADJ,acc,sg,n
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πληθος: NOUN,nom,sg,n
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- μαθητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- χαιροντες: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,m,pl
- αινειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- θεον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- φωνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- μεγαλη: ADJ,nom,sg,f
- περι: PREP
- πασων: ADJ,gen,pl,f
- ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- ειδον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- δυναμεων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
Parallels
- Matthew 21:9 (quotation): Parallel Triumphal Entry scene; crowds shout blessings and 'Hosanna,' praising the one who comes in the name of the Lord—close verbal/functional correspondence to Luke's crowd praising God for the mighty works.
- Mark 11:9-10 (verbal): Near-verbal and structural parallel to Luke's account: the multitude acclaims Jesus as 'the one who comes in the name of the Lord,' echoing the same triumphal praise and thanksgiving for God's mighty deeds.
- John 12:12-13 (structural): Johannine version of the Triumphal Entry: a great crowd takes palm branches and shouts 'Hosanna,' providing an independent but closely related witness to the public praise described in Luke 19:37.
- Psalm 118:25-26 (quotation): Old Testament source for the crowds' acclamation ('Blessed is he who comes...'); the psalm-language undergirds the Gospel proclamations of blessing and arrival, which Luke's crowd echoes in praising God for mighty works.
- Zechariah 9:9 (thematic): Prophetic background for the messianic procession ('your king comes... humble, riding on a donkey'); supplies the messianic expectation and interpretive frame for the crowd's jubilant praise in the Gospel Triumphal Entry narratives.
Alternative generated candidates
- When he was now drawing near—already the whole multitude of the disciples—began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works they had seen.
- saying, "Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!"
Luke.19.38 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγοντες·Ευλογημενος: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,pl,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ερχομενος: PART,pres,mid,nom,sg,m
- βασιλευς: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- ονοματι: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- κυριου·εν: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ουρανω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- ειρηνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- δοξα: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- υψιστοις: ADJ,dat,pl,m
Parallels
- Psalm 118:26 (quotation): Direct citation: the crowd’s cry 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD' echoes Psalm 118:26, the key OT source used in the triumphal entry.
- Matthew 21:9 (verbal): Parallel account of the triumphal entry with virtually identical acclamation ('Hosanna... Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord'), linking Matthew’s and Luke’s narratives.
- Mark 11:9-10 (verbal): Mark’s version preserves the same crowd-cry, including 'Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David' and 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord,' paralleling Luke’s wording.
- John 12:13 (verbal): John records the crowd spreading palms and shouting 'Hosanna... Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord,' a closely related verbal tradition to Luke 19:38.
- Luke 2:14 (allusion): Luke 19:38’s phrases 'peace' and 'glory in the highest' echo the angelic proclamation in Luke 2:14 ('Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace'), creating a thematic link between birth and messianic arrival.
Alternative generated candidates
- They were saying, 'Blessed is the King who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!'
- Some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to him, "Teacher, rebuke your disciples."
Luke.19.39 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- τινες: PRON,nom,pl,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Φαρισαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- απο: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- οχλου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ειπαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- προς: PREP
- αυτον·Διδασκαλε: PRON,acc,sg,m+NOUN,voc,sg,m
- επιτιμησον: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- μαθηταις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
Parallels
- Matthew 21:15-16 (verbal): Parallel account of the triumphal entry where the chief priests and scribes challenge Jesus about the children's acclamation; Jesus replies by quoting Scripture (the same exchange as in Luke 19:39–40).
- Mark 11:9-10 (thematic): Triumphal entry narrative with the crowd crying 'Hosanna' and acclamations similar to Luke's crowd; provides the Synoptic parallel context for Pharisaic/priestly opposition to the popular praise.
- John 12:12-19 (thematic): John's account of the entry and the crowd's praise; verse 19 records the Pharisees' reaction to Jesus' popularity—a comparable priestly/Pharisaic response to the acclamations.
- Psalm 8:2 (quotation): The verse Jesus cites in reply to the Pharisees (quoted in Luke 19:40 and Matthew 21:16): 'Out of the mouth of babes...'—used to justify the children's praise and to counter the demand to rebuke them.
Alternative generated candidates
- Some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to him, 'Teacher, rebuke your disciples.'
- He answered, "I tell you, if these were silent, the very stones would cry out."
Luke.19.40 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αποκριθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,sg,m
- ειπεν·Λεγω: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- οτι: CONJ
- εαν: CONJ
- ουτοι: PRO,nom,pl,m
- σιωπησουσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- λιθοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- κραξουσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 21:15-16 (structural): Same narrative episode (triumphal entry). Jesus responds to the temple authorities who object to children praising him; Matthew records Jesus' defense and a quotation of Psalm 8:2.
- Psalm 8:2 (quotation): OT line ('Out of the mouths of infants and nursing babes') quoted in the Synoptic responses to critics of children's praise; provides scriptural basis for Jesus' defense of the children's shouting.
- Psalm 148:7-10 (allusion): Psalm urging the earth and its elements (mountains, trees, animals) to praise the LORD—parallels Jesus' image that even the inanimate creation (stones) will cry out if people are silent.
- Isaiah 55:12 (allusion): Imagery of mountains and hills breaking forth into singing echoes the motif of creation voicing praise when human voices are absent.
- John 12:12-19 (structural): Another account of the triumphal entry: the crowd praises Jesus, opponents are provoked, and the scene parallels Luke's account that prompts Jesus' remark about stones crying out.
Alternative generated candidates
- He answered, 'I tell you, if these were silent, the stones would cry out.'
- As he drew near and saw the city, he wept over it,
Luke.19.41 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- ως: ADV
- ηγγισεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ιδων: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,sg,m
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- πολιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εκλαυσεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- επ᾽αυτην: PREP
Parallels
- John 11:35 (verbal): Both passages record Jesus shedding tears (short, concentrated statement of 'Jesus wept'), showing his emotional response and compassion — a close verbal parallel in description of his weeping.
- Luke 13:34 (thematic): Same Gospel-author lament over Jerusalem using the image of gathering its children; both passages express sorrow at the city's rejection and impending fate.
- Matthew 23:37 (thematic): Jesus' lament 'O Jerusalem, Jerusalem...' echoes the same sorrow and desire to protect the city; thematic parallel emphasizing lament and divine grief over Jerusalem's unbelief.
- Matthew 24:2 (structural): Jesus' prediction that not one stone will be left links to Luke 19:41 as the reason for his tears — he foresees Jerusalem's destruction, so the weeping anticipates judgment and ruin.
- Lamentations 2:11 (thematic): An Old Testament image of intense weeping and mourning for the ruined city; thematically parallels Jesus' lament over Jerusalem and connects his sorrow to prophetic traditions of lament for Jerusalem's suffering.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when he drew near and saw the city, he wept over it,
- saying, "If you, even you, had known on this day the things that make for peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes.
Luke.19.42 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,m,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- Ει: PART
- εγνως: VERB,perf,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- ημερα: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- ταυτη: PRO,dat,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- συ: PRON,nom,sg,2
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- προς: PREP
- ειρηνην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- νυν: ADV
- δε: CONJ
- εκρυβη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
- απο: PREP
- οφθαλμων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
Parallels
- Matthew 23:37-39 (thematic): Jesus' lament over Jerusalem—same motif of longing to bring peace/safety to the city and sorrow over its rejection of God's visitation.
- Luke 13:34-35 (thematic): Another Lucan lament over Jerusalem that echoes the plea and judgment theme: desire to gather the people contrasted with their refusal and coming judgment.
- Luke 19:41-44 (structural): Immediate context and explanation of verse 19:42—Jesus explains that because they did not recognize the time of God's visitation, peace is hidden and destruction will follow.
- Matthew 21:43 (thematic): Declaration that the kingdom will be taken from the current bearers and given to others—parallels the consequence in Luke 19:42 of losing the opportunity for peace after rejecting God's messianic visitation.
- Acts 7:52 (allusion): Stephen accuses his hearers of resisting the Holy Spirit and persecuting God's messengers—parallels the theme of rejecting divine visitation and suffering resultant judgment.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'If you, even you, had known on this day the things that make for peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes.'
- For days will come upon you when your enemies will throw up a rampart against you, surround you, and close you in on every side,
Luke.19.43 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- οτι: CONJ
- ηξουσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- ημεραι: NOUN,nom,pl,f
- επι: PREP
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- και: CONJ
- παρεμβαλουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- εχθροι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- χαρακα: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- και: CONJ
- περικυκλωσουσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- και: CONJ
- συνεξουσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- παντοθεν: ADV
Parallels
- Luke 19:41-44 (structural): Immediate context: Jesus weeps over Jerusalem and explicitly predicts days will come when enemies will surround the city, shut it in and destroy it.
- Luke 21:20-24 (verbal): Parallel prophecy in Luke: 'When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies...' — same idea of the city being compassed by enemies and suffering desolation.
- Matthew 24:2 (verbal): Jesus' prediction that not one stone of the temple will be left upon another—an outcome associated with the siege and encirclement described in Luke 19:43.
- Ezekiel 4:2 (allusion): Ezekiel's prophetic siege-action—'Set a camp against it, and build a fort'—uses the same siege/encirclement imagery applied to Jerusalem.
- Zechariah 14:2 (thematic): OT prophecy that nations will be gathered against Jerusalem, the city taken and houses plundered—thematic parallel to enemies surrounding and attacking the city.
Alternative generated candidates
- For days will come upon you when your enemies will throw up a siege ramp against you and surround you, and hem you in on every side,
- and they will dash you and your children within you to the ground; and they will not leave in you one stone upon another,"
Luke.19.44 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εδαφιουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- και: CONJ
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- τεκνα: NOUN,acc,pl,neut
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- εν: PREP
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- και: CONJ
- ουκ: PART,neg
- αφησουσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- λιθον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- επι: PREP
- λιθον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- ανθ᾽ων: PREP
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εγνως: VERB,aor,act,ind,2,sg
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- καιρον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- επισκοπης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
Parallels
- Matthew 24:1-2 (verbal): Jesus predicts the temple's complete destruction—'not one stone here will be left on another'—a near-verbatim parallel to Luke's 'not leave one stone upon another.'
- Mark 13:1-2 (verbal): Mark records the same temple-destruction saying as Jesus in Luke 19:44, matching the imagery and warning of total razing of the city.
- Luke 21:20-24 (thematic): Luke's Olivet discourse describes the siege and devastation of Jerusalem and frames it as the consequence of failing to recognize the time of visitation—thematically parallel to the judgment in 19:44.
- Luke 19:41-43 (structural): Immediate context: Jesus' lament over Jerusalem and his statement 'if you had known...' leads directly to the warning of destruction and the reason given—failure to recognize the time of God's visitation.
- Matthew 23:37-39 (thematic): Jesus' lament over Jerusalem and its rejection of prophets (and thus of God's purposes) provides the theological backdrop for the judgment announced in 19:44—judgment as consequence of not receiving God's visitation.
Alternative generated candidates
- and will dash you to the ground, you and your children within you; and they will not leave in you one stone upon another, because you did not recognize the time of your visitation.
- because you did not recognize the time of your visitation.
When he had said these things, he went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem.
As he drew near to Bethphage and Bethany, at the place called the Mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples,
saying, 'Go into the village opposite you, and as you enter you will find a colt tied, on which no one has ever yet sat; untie it and bring it here.' And if anyone asks you, 'Why are you untying it?' you shall say this: 'The Lord has need of it.' So those who were sent went away and found it just as he had told them.
As they were untying the colt, its owners said to them, 'Why are you untying the colt?'
They said, 'The Lord has need of it.'
They brought the colt to Jesus, and they threw their cloaks upon it and set Jesus on it.
As he went, they spread their cloaks in the way.
As he was now drawing near—down the slope of the Mount of Olives—the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works they had seen,
saying, 'Blessed is the King who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!'
Some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to him, 'Teacher, rebuke your disciples.'
He answered, 'I tell you, if these should keep silent, the stones would cry out.' And when he drew near and saw the city, he wept over it
and said, 'If you, even you, had known on this day the things that make for peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes.
For days will come upon you when your enemies will build siege works around you, surround you, and press you in on every side,
and they will dash you and your children within you to the ground; and they will not leave one stone upon another in you, because you did not recognize the time of your visitation.'