David’s Officials and the Spoils of War
1 Chronicles 18:14-17
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1 C.18.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וימלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- משפט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לכל: PREP
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 8:15 (quotation): Direct parallel/quotation: same report that David reigned over all Israel and executed judgment and justice for all his people.
- Jeremiah 23:5-6 (thematic): Promise of a Davidic ‘righteous Branch’ who will reign and ‘execute judgment and justice’—a prophetic expansion of the Davidic kingship ideal.
- Psalm 72:1-4 (thematic): Prayer for the king to judge with righteousness and deliver the needy—an ideal of royal justice analogous to David’s righteous rule.
- Isaiah 11:3-4 (thematic): Portrait of the coming ruler who judges with righteousness and equity—parallels the characterization of a Davidic king administering justice.
- Proverbs 29:4 (thematic): Sage assertion that a king establishes the land by justice—echoes the principle that royal authority is exercised through just governance as in David’s reign.
Alternative generated candidates
- And David reigned over all Israel; he administered justice and righteousness for all his people.
- And David reigned over all Israel; he administered justice and righteousness for all his people.
1 C.18.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויואב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צרויה: NOUN,prop,f,sg
- על: PREP
- הצבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהושפט: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחילוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מזכיר: VERB,qal,part,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 8:16 (quotation): Direct parallel wording — Joab son of Zeruiah is placed over the army and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud is named recorder (same offices listed).
- 2 Samuel 20:25 (verbal): Repeats the administrative listing: Joab over the host and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud as recorder, reaffirming these offices in a different narrative context.
- 1 Chronicles 27:34 (structural): In the roster of military leaders Joab is again named as commander of the army, showing the continuity of his role in David’s administration.
- 2 Samuel 8:17 (structural): Neighboring verse in the Samuel passage that completes the administrative snapshot (mentions Jehoshaphat as recorder along with priestly and scribe officials), paralleling the Chronicler’s administrative summary.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder.
- And Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder.
1 C.18.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וצדוק: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיטוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg
- ואבימלך: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אביתר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כהנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ושושא: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- סופר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 8:17 (verbal): Almost identical wording: names Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech/Abiathar as priests and Seraiah (or Shusha) as scribe in the parallel account of David’s officials.
- 2 Samuel 20:25 (structural): Another Samuel passage listing the king’s officials—Zadok and Abiathar as priests and Seraiah as scribe—showing the same administrative roster as Chronicles.
- 1 Chronicles 6:8-15 (verbal): Priestly genealogy and succession that include Zadok and the lineage of Ahitub/Ahimelech, placing the named priests of 1 Chr 18:16 within the broader Aaronide tradition.
- 1 Chronicles 24:3 (thematic): Discussion of priestly divisions and the service before the king (Zadok and the house of Abiathar), thematically linking the named priests in 1 Chr 18:16 to their official cultic roles in David’s administration.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Zadok the son of Ahitub and Abimelech the son of Abiathar were priests, and Shusha was scribe.
- And Zadok son of Ahitub and Abimelech son of Abiathar were priests, and Shisha was scribe.
1 C.18.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובניהו: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוידע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- הכרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- והפלתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,ms,sg
- ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הראשנים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- ליד: PREP
- המלך: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 8:18 (quotation): Direct parallel in Samuel with nearly identical wording: Benaiah son of Jehoiada over the Cherethites and Pelethites, and David's sons as chief officials.
- 2 Samuel 20:23-26 (verbal): Repeats the administrative formula in the narrative of David's reign, naming Benaiah over the Cherethites and Pelethites and listing David's sons as chief rulers.
- 1 Chronicles 27:32 (structural): Another Chronicler passage that situates Benaiah in the same office (over the Cherethites and Pelethites) within a catalog of royal officials, echoing 1 Chr 18:17's administrative role.
- 2 Samuel 23:23 (thematic): Identifies Benaiah as a prominent warrior/military leader among David's men, supporting his prominent status that underlies the administrative role described in 1 Chr 18:17.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and the chief of David's sons were at the king's side.
- And Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and the chief men of David were at the king's side.
And David reigned over all Israel, and he practiced justice and righteousness for all his people. And Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder. And Zadok son of Ahitub and Abiathar son of Ahimelech were priests; and Shisha was scribe. And Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and David's sons were chief officials at the king's side.