Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret
Mark 6:45-56
Mark.6.45 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- ευθυς: ADV
- ηναγκασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- μαθητας: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- εμβηναι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πλοιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- προαγειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- περαν: PREP
- προς: PREP
- Βηθσαιδαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εως: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- απολυει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- οχλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 14:22 (verbal): Nearly identical account: Jesus immediately compels the disciples to get into the boat and go ahead to the other side while he dismisses the crowds.
- John 6:15 (thematic): After the feeding of the 5,000 the crowd wants to make Jesus king; Jesus withdraws from the crowd (to the mountain), showing the same motive of distancing himself from popular acclaim.
- Luke 9:10 (structural): Luke places Jesus and the disciples withdrawing after the miracle to a place called Bethsaida (or a solitary place), paralleling the movement and destination in Mark's narrative.
- Mark 6:31 (structural): Immediate prior instruction to the disciples to 'come away by yourselves to a desolate place and rest' provides the narrative rationale for sending them into the boat and withdrawing from the crowd.
Alternative generated candidates
- Immediately he made his disciples get into the boat and go on ahead of him to the other side, to Bethsaida, while he dismissed the crowd.
- Immediately he made his disciples get into the boat and go on ahead to the other side, to Bethsaida, while he dismissed the crowd.
Mark.6.46 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αποταξαμενος: VERB,aor,mid,ptcp,masc,sg,nom
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- απηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ορος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- προσευξασθαι: VERB,aor,mid,inf
Parallels
- Matthew 14:23 (verbal): Parallel narrative of the same episode: after dismissing the crowds Jesus goes up a mountain to pray (feeds the 5,000 scene); wording and placement closely match Mark 6:46.
- John 6:15 (thematic): After the feeding of the 5,000 Jesus withdraws to the mountain alone rather than accept popular acclaim—a thematic parallel of withdrawal/solitude following the miracle.
- Luke 6:12 (verbal): Luke explicitly reports Jesus going up to the mountain to pray and spending the night in prayer (prior to choosing the Twelve), echoing the mountain-prayer motif and similar verbal formula.
- Mark 1:35 (thematic): Another Markan example of Jesus’ regular practice of withdrawing to a solitary place to pray (early morning prayer); shows the recurring theme of solitude and prayer.
- Luke 9:28 (thematic): Jesus goes up the mountain to pray before the Transfiguration; reinforces the motif of mountain-as-place-of-prayer and solitary communion with the Father.
Alternative generated candidates
- And after he had taken leave of them, he went up on the mountain to pray.
- And after he had taken leave of them, he went up on the mountain to pray.
Mark.6.47 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- οψιας: NOUN,gen,sg,fem
- γενομενης: VERB,aor,mid,part,gen,sg,f
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πλοιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εν: PREP
- μεσω: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- θαλασσης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- μονος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- επι: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- γης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
Parallels
- Matthew 14:24-25 (verbal): Very close parallel account of the disciples' boat in the midst of the sea at evening and Jesus approaching them on the water; similar wording and sequence (prepares the setting for Jesus walking on the sea).
- John 6:17-18 (verbal): John’s version of the same episode: the disciples go by boat after evening, it is dark, and Jesus has not yet come to them—sets the same temporal and spatial circumstances before Jesus appears on the water.
- Mark 4:35-41 (thematic): Earlier Markan narrative of disciples in a boat amid a storm; thematically parallels the motif of the sea, disciples' peril, and Jesus’ authority over the situation (though there Jesus is with them in the boat rather than on the land).
- Luke 8:22-25 (structural): Luke’s parallel to Mark 4:35-41 (and thematically to Mark 6:47) recounts a sea crossing and storm that highlights disciples’ vulnerability on the sea and Jesus’ power—structural and thematic resonance with the later scene where the boat is in the midst of the sea at evening.
Alternative generated candidates
- When evening came, the boat was in the midst of the sea, and he was alone on the land.
- When evening came, the boat was out on the sea, and he was alone on the shore.
Mark.6.48 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ιδων: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,sg,m
- αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- βασανιζομενους: VERB,pres,pass,part,acc,pl,m
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ελαυνειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- γαρ: PART
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ανεμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εναντιος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- περι: PREP
- τεταρτην: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- φυλακην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- νυκτος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ερχεται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
- προς: PREP
- αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- περιπατων: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,sg,m
- επι: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- θαλασσης·και: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ηθελεν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- παρελθειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 14:24-27 (verbal): Near-verbatim Synoptic parallel: Jesus walks on the sea during the fourth watch while the disciples struggle against the wind; wording and sequence (walking on the sea, fourth watch, his approach) closely mirror Mark's account.
- John 6:16-21 (thematic): A separate account of the same episode: disciples toiling on the sea at night and Jesus coming to them on the water; John omits the 'pass by' language but shares the core motif of Jesus' supernatural approach and entry into the boat.
- Exodus 33:18-23 (allusion): The verb 'to pass by' (παρελθειν) evokes Israelite theophany language (God 'passing by' Moses), suggesting Mark may frame Jesus' movement over the sea in terms of a divine manifestation.
- 1 Kings 19:11-12 (allusion): Elijah's experience of the LORD 'passing by' amid wind and other phenomena resonates thematically: the interplay of wind, a divine presence 'passing by,' and revelation parallels Mark's juxtaposition of storm-wind and Jesus' approach on the sea.
Alternative generated candidates
- He saw them straining at the oars, for the wind was against them, and about the fourth watch of the night he came to them, walking on the sea.
- Seeing them straining at the oars, for the wind was against them, about the fourth watch of the night he came to them, walking on the sea.
Mark.6.49 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- ιδοντες: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,pl,m
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- επι: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- θαλασσης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- περιπατουντα: VERB,pres,act,part,acc,sg,m
- εδοξαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- φαντασμα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- ανεκραξαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 14:26 (quotation): Direct parallel account of the same episode; the disciples see Jesus walking on the sea, think he is a ghost (φαντάσμα), and cry out.
- John 6:19 (verbal): Another Gospel report of the boat-scene: the disciples see Jesus walking on the sea toward the boat and are afraid—shares core verbal and narrative elements.
- Luke 24:37-39 (thematic): Post‑resurrection scene where the disciples mistake Jesus for a spirit; parallels the motif of misidentifying Jesus as a ghost and the need to reassure them.
- Acts 12:15 (thematic): When Rhoda announces Peter’s arrival, those inside say it is his angel—shows a similar cultural tendency to interpret an unexpected human appearance as a spirit or angel.
Alternative generated candidates
- He intended to pass by them,
- He intended to pass by them. But when they saw him walking on the sea, they thought it was a ghost and cried out; for they all saw him and were terrified.
Mark.6.50 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- γαρ: PART
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- ειδον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- και: CONJ
- εταραχθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- ευθυς: ADV
- ελαλησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- μετ᾽αυτων: PREP+PRON,gen,pl,3
- και: CONJ
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Θαρσειτε: PRON,dat,pl,3+VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- ειμι: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- μη: PART
- φοβεισθε: VERB,pres,mid/pass,imp,2,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 14:27 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel — Jesus walking on the sea: 'Take courage... It is I; do not be afraid,' nearly identical wording and context.
- John 6:20 (verbal): Close verbal parallel in the Johannine account of Jesus on the water: 'It is I; do not be afraid,' same reassuring formula.
- Mark 4:39 (structural): Structural parallel — another Markan sea/storm scene where Jesus stills danger by authoritative speech, highlighting power over the elements and the disciples' fear.
- Luke 8:25 (thematic): Thematic parallel — disciples' fear in a storm and Jesus' response (challenge to their faith) echoes the fear/rescue dynamic in Mark 6:50.
- Exodus 3:14 (allusion): Possible allusion — OT divine self-identification ('I AM') resonates with Jesus' use of ego eimi ('I am'), which can intensify the reassurance 'I am; do not be afraid.'
Alternative generated candidates
- but when they saw him walking on the sea they supposed it was a ghost and cried out; for all of them saw him and were terrified.
- Immediately he spoke with them and said, "Take courage; it is I. Do not be afraid."
Mark.6.51 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ανεβη: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- προς: PREP
- αυτους: PRON,acc,pl,m
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πλοιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- εκοπασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ανεμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- λιαν: ADV
- εκ: PREP
- περισσου: ADV
- εν: PREP
- εαυτοις: PRON,dat,pl,m
- εξισταντο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 14:32-33 (structural): Parallel account of the same episode: Jesus gets into the boat, the wind ceases, and the disciples are amazed/worship him.
- John 6:21 (structural): After Jesus walks on the sea, the disciples take him into the boat and immediately reach the shore—related narrative outcome to Jesus entering the boat.
- Mark 4:41 (verbal): Earlier Markan pericope in which Jesus rebukes wind and sea; the disciples’ amazement and the theme of Jesus’ authority over nature echo the wording and reaction here.
- Matthew 8:27 (thematic): Parallel account of Jesus calming a storm (Matthew’s version of Mark 4): disciples marvel at his authority over wind and sea, thematically linked to the amazement in Mark 6:51.
Alternative generated candidates
- Immediately he spoke to them and said, "Take courage; it is I. Do not be afraid."
- Then he got into the boat with them, and the wind ceased. They were utterly astonished, for they had not understood about the loaves— their hearts were hardened.
Mark.6.52 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ου: PART,neg
- γαρ: PART
- συνηκαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- επι: PREP
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- αρτοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- αλλ᾽ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- καρδια: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- πεπωρωμενη: PART,perf,pas,nom,sg,f
Parallels
- Mark 8:17-21 (verbal): Jesus rebukes the disciples for not understanding concerning the loaves (’Do ye not yet perceive?’), the same incident/theme of failure to comprehend the feeding and its significance.
- Matthew 16:9-12 (verbal): Parallel rebuke to the disciples about their failure to understand after the loaves; Matthew preserves the same diagnostic question and warns about ‘the leaven’—a linked episode and charge.
- Luke 9:45 (thematic): After predicting his passion Luke notes the disciples ‘understood none of these things,’ a thematic parallel describing the disciples’ lack of spiritual understanding.
- Psalm 95:8 (verbal): ’Harden not your hearts’ language and motif echo the Markan phrase about a hardened heart; Psalm 95 is the Israelite background for the theological idea of hardness of heart.
- Hebrews 3:8 (quotation): Hebrews explicitly quotes Psalm 95 (‘Harden not your hearts’) to warn against unbelief—an NT application of the same concept of a hardened heart that Mark attributes to the disciples.
Alternative generated candidates
- For they had not understood about the loaves, for their hearts were hardened.
- When they had crossed over, they came to land at Gennesaret and moored there.
Mark.6.53 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- διαπερασαντες: PART,aor,act,nom,pl,m
- επι: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- γην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- ηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- Γεννησαρετ: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- προσωρμισθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 14:34 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel — Matthew likewise reports that, after crossing the sea, they arrived at Gennesaret.
- Matthew 14:35-36 (thematic): Continues the same episode in Matthew: people in Gennesaret bring the sick to Jesus for healing, paralleling Mark 6:54–56.
- John 6:22-24 (thematic): After the feeding miracle John describes the crowd on the 'other side of the sea' seeking Jesus — a parallel motif of crossing and arrival on the far shore.
- Mark 6:45 (structural): Earlier in the same chapter Mark recounts Jesus sending the disciples by boat to the other side (to Bethsaida), providing the immediate narrative setup for the crossing and landing.
- Luke 8:22-25 (thematic): Luke’s account of a sea crossing and the disciples’ peril (calming of the storm) parallels the broader Markan theme of crossings, maritime travel, and the disciples’ experiences on the sea.
Alternative generated candidates
- When they had crossed over, they came to land at Gennesaret and moored at the shore.
- And when they got out of the boat, people recognized him at once and ran through that whole region and began to bring the sick on mats to wherever they heard he was.
Mark.6.54 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εξελθοντων: VERB,aor,act,part,gen,pl,m
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- εκ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πλοιου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ευθυς: ADV
- επιγνοντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 14:34-36 (verbal): Parallel account of the same episode (arrival at Gennesaret): people on shore recognize Jesus and bring the sick to him; closely parallels Mark’s wording and sequence.
- John 6:24-25 (thematic): After crossing to the other side, the crowds seek and find Jesus on the shore—similar motif of people locating and recognizing him immediately after a sea crossing.
- John 6:14 (thematic): Crowd reaction to the feeding of the 5,000: when they see the sign they conclude who Jesus is (wanting to make him king), another instance of prompt popular recognition following a miraculous event.
- Mark 1:34 (thematic): Early Markan note that others (including demons) ‘knew’ Jesus and reacted—connects to the recurring theme of recognition and responses to Jesus’ identity and power.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when they recognized him, people in that whole region sent word about him and brought to him all who were sick.
- And wherever he entered—into villages, cities, or the countryside—they laid the sick in the marketplaces and begged him that they might touch even the fringe of his cloak; and all who touched it were healed.
Mark.6.55 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- περιεδραμον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- ολην: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- χωραν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εκεινην: PRON,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ηρξαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- επι: PREP
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- κραβαττοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- κακως: ADV
- εχοντας: VERB,pres,act,ptc,acc,pl,m
- περιφερειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- οπου: ADV,rel
- ηκουον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 14:35-36 (verbal): Direct synoptic parallel—people throughout the surrounding region bring the sick to Jesus and beg to touch the fringe of his garment; language and action closely mirror Mark 6:55–56.
- Mark 1:32-34 (verbal): Earlier scene in Mark with crowds bringing the sick and demon-possessed to Jesus for healing; repeats the motif and similar phrasing about many being brought to him.
- Luke 4:40 (thematic): Luke recounts townspeople bringing all who were sick to Jesus at sunset for healing—the same pastoral pattern of widespread, public healing activity.
- Acts 5:15-16 (allusion): Early church narrative where the sick are carried into the streets and laid on beds so that apostles’ healing power might reach them—echoes the practice of bringing infirm persons to a healer found in Mark 6:55.
Alternative generated candidates
- Wherever he entered — into villages, cities, or the countryside — they laid the sick in the marketplaces and begged him that they might touch even the fringe of his cloak,
- And word about him spread throughout all the surrounding district.
Mark.6.56 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- οπου: ADV,rel
- αν: PART
- εισεπορευετο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- κωμας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- εις: PREP
- πολεις: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- εις: PREP
- αγρους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- εν: PREP
- ταις: ART,dat,pl,f
- αγοραις: NOUN,dat,pl,f
- ετιθεσαν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- ασθενουντας: VERB,pres,act,part,acc,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- παρεκαλουν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- ινα: CONJ
- καν: PART
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κρασπεδου: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ιματιου: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- αψωνται·και: VERB,aor,mid,sub,3,pl
- οσοι: PRON,nom,pl,m
- αν: PART
- ηψαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- εσωζοντο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Matthew 14:34-36 (verbal): Nearly identical scene: after Jesus lands people bring the sick into the marketplaces and beg that they may only touch the fringe (краσπεδον) of his garment; those who touch are healed.
- Matthew 9:20-22 (verbal): The woman with the flow of blood touches the hem/fringe of Jesus' garment and is immediately healed—same motif of healing by touching his clothing.
- Mark 5:25-34 (verbal): Parallel episode in Mark: a woman with a hemorrhage is healed when she touches Jesus' garment (the ‘hem’), highlighting the healing efficacy of contact with his clothing.
- Luke 6:19 (thematic): Summarizes the widespread desire to touch Jesus and reports that power/virtue went out from him and healed them—same theme of healing transmitted through contact.
- Acts 5:15-16 (thematic): People bring the sick into the streets hoping that even Peter's shadow might fall on them and heal them—similar practice of placing the sick publicly and seeking contact with a holy person for healing.
Alternative generated candidates
- and all who touched it were healed.
- And wherever he went—into villages, cities, or countryside—they placed the sick in the market squares and implored him that they might touch even the fringe of his garment; and as many as touched him were made well.
And immediately he made his disciples get into the boat and go before him to the other side, to Bethsaida, while he dismissed the crowd. And after he had taken leave of them, he went up on the mountain to pray. And when evening came, the boat was in the midst of the sea, and he alone was on the land. And he saw them straining at the oars, for the wind was against them; and about the fourth watch of the night he came to them, walking on the sea.
He meant to pass by them. But when they saw him walking on the sea they supposed it was a ghost and cried out; for they all saw him and were terrified. And he spoke to them and said, "Take courage; it is I. Do not be afraid." And he got into the boat with them, and the wind ceased. And they were utterly astonished,
for they had not understood about the loaves, but their hearts were hardened. And when they had crossed over, they came to land at Gennesaret and moored to the shore. And when they came out of the boat, the people recognized him,
and ran throughout that whole region and began to bring on mats those who were sick to wherever they heard he was. And wherever he entered—into villages, towns, or the countryside—they laid the sick in the marketplaces and besought him that they might touch even the fringe of his garment; and all who touched it were made well.