The Harvest Is Ready
John 4:27-38
John.4.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- επι: PREP
- τουτω: DEM,dat,sg,m
- ηλθαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- εθαυμαζον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- μετα: PREP
- γυναικος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ελαλει·ουδεις: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg+PRON,nom,sg,m
- μεντοι: PTCL
- ειπεν·Τι: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ζητεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- τι: PRON,int,nom,sg,n
- λαλεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- μετ᾽αυτης: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,f
Parallels
- Luke 7:39-50 (thematic): A Pharisee objects to Jesus' association with a (sinful) woman and questions his conduct — parallels the social boundary and surprise at Jesus' dealings with a woman.
- Matthew 9:10-11 (thematic): Pharisees ask why Jesus eats with tax collectors and sinners; similar reaction of astonishment and questioning when Jesus crosses expected social boundaries.
- John 8:3-11 (thematic): A crowd (the scribes and Pharisees) brings a woman and directly challenges Jesus about her — contrasts with John 4 where bystanders are astonished but do not interrogate him.
- Mark 5:27-34 (cf. Luke 8:43-48) (verbal): Jesus publicly addresses and affirms a woman healed by touching him ('Daughter, your faith has healed you'); another instance of Jesus speaking to a woman in a mixed public setting.
Alternative generated candidates
- At that moment his disciples returned and were astonished that he had been speaking with a woman; yet no one asked, 'What are you seeking?' or, 'Why are you speaking with her?'
- At that moment his disciples returned, and they were amazed that he had been speaking with a woman; yet none of them said, "What do you seek?" or, "Why are you speaking with her?"
John.4.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- αφηκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ουν: CONJ
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- υδριαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- αυτης: PRO,gen,sg,f
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- γυνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- απηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- πολιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- ανθρωποις·: NOUN,dat,pl,m
Parallels
- John 9:8-11 (thematic): A healed man immediately goes and tells his neighbors about the one who healed him—parallel testimony impulse after an encounter with Jesus.
- John 20:18 (structural): Mary Magdalene, after encountering the risen Jesus, goes to tell the disciples—same pattern of immediate proclamation to others.
- Mark 5:19 (verbal): Jesus instructs the healed demoniac to 'go home to your own people and tell them' and he proclaims what was done for him—direct commissioning to witness.
- Luke 8:39 (thematic): The healed Gerasene demoniac goes away and proclaims in the Decapolis what Jesus had done—another instance of immediate evangelistic testimony.
- Matthew 28:8-10 (structural): The women leave the tomb and run to tell the disciples of the resurrection; Jesus meets and affirms their mission—similar scene of leaving quickly to report good news.
Alternative generated candidates
- The woman left her water jar, went back into the town, and said to the people,
- The woman left her water jar and went into the city and began to tell the people,
John.4.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Δευτε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- ιδετε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- ανθρωπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- ος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- ειπε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
- μοι: PRON,dat,sg,1
- παντα: ADJ,nom,pl,n
- οσα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- εποιησα·μητι: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- ουτος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- χριστος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- John 4:25 (verbal): Jesus’ prior self-disclosure to the woman (“I am he…”) directly underlies her invitation to others to ‘come, see’ the man who knew her life.
- John 4:42 (thematic): The townspeople’s later confession (“This is indeed the Savior of the world”) answers the question ‘Could this be the Christ?’ and shows the evangelistic result of the woman’s testimony.
- John 1:41 (thematic): Andrew’s proclamation “We have found the Messiah” parallels the Samaritan woman’s invitational testimony identifying Jesus as the expected anointed one.
- John 1:45 (thematic): Philip’s declaration to Nathanael (“We have found him of whom Moses and the prophets wrote”) is another Johannine instance of believers recognizing and pointing others to Jesus as the promised one.
- John 10:24 (structural): The hostile question “How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly” echoes the motif of asking directly whether Jesus is the Christ, paralleling the town’s inquiry in John 4:29.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'Come, see a man who told me all that I ever did. Can this be the Messiah (called Christ)?'
- "Come, see a man who told me all that I ever did. Can this be the Christ?"
John.4.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εξηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- εκ: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- πολεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ηρχοντο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,pl
- προς: PREP
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- John 4:29 (structural): Immediate context: the woman invites townswomen to 'Come, see a man'—this provokes them to leave the city and go to Jesus, directly paralleling v.30's movement toward him.
- John 1:39 (thematic): After an invitation ('Come and you will see'), people go to Jesus and remain with him — similar motif of persons leaving their place to come and see Jesus in person.
- Mark 1:33 (verbal): Mark describes 'all the city' gathering at the door to see Jesus and hear him — parallels the crowd-moving-to-Jesus imagery in John 4:30.
- Luke 8:40 (thematic): People welcome Jesus on his return because 'they were all waiting for him,' reflecting the theme of townspeople leaving what they are doing to come to Jesus when news of him spreads.
Alternative generated candidates
- They went out of the town and were coming to him.
- They went out of the city and were coming to him.
John.4.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- μεταξυ: PREP
- ηρωτων: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- λεγοντες·Ραββι: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,m+NOUN,voc,sg,m
- φαγε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
Parallels
- John 4:34 (structural): Immediate literary follow-up: Jesus contrasts physical eating with his mission—'My food is to do the will of him who sent me,' directly responding to the disciples' urging that he eat.
- John 6:27 (thematic): Develops the Johannine theme that true nourishment is spiritual rather than merely physical: 'Do not work for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life.'
- John 21:9-13 (thematic): Post‑resurrection scene where Jesus and the disciples share a meal/breakfast on the shore—another episode in John where food and Jesus' relationship with his followers are significant.
- Luke 10:38-42 (thematic): Domestic/hospitality context where concern about serving/eating (Martha's busyness about serving Jesus) intersects with discipleship priorities—parallels the tension between physical provision and spiritual focus.
- Mark 6:31-44 (thematic): Feeding narrative where Jesus provides for physical hunger and involves the disciples—connects to motifs of hunger, provision, and the disciples' practical concerns about food.
Alternative generated candidates
- Meanwhile the disciples urged him, 'Rabbi, eat.'
- Meanwhile the disciples urged him, "Rabbi, eat."
John.4.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Εγω: PRON,dat,pl,m;PRON,nom,sg,m
- βρωσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εχω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- φαγειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- ουκ: PART,neg
- οιδατε: VERB,perf,act,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- John 4:34 (structural): Immediate follow-up: Jesus explains the meaning of 'food'—his sustenance is doing the will of the Father and completing his work, directly clarifying John 4:32.
- John 6:27 (verbal): Jesus contrasts laboring for perishable, physical food with seeking the 'food that endures to eternal life,' continuing the 'food' vocabulary and spiritual/eternal contrast.
- John 6:35 (thematic): Jesus' declaration 'I am the bread of life' and promise that coming to him satisfies hunger develops the theme of spiritual nourishment introduced in John 4:32.
- John 6:51 (verbal): 'I am the living bread... if anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever'—uses eating imagery to express participation in Christ's life, paralleling the 'food' metaphor.
- Isaiah 55:2 (thematic): Prophetic invitation to 'eat what is good' and seek spiritual sustenance rather than worthless things; an Old Testament background for food as spiritual nourishment.
Alternative generated candidates
- But he said to them, 'I have food to eat that you do not know about.'
- But he said to them, "I have food to eat that you do not know about."
John.4.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ελεγον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- ουν: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- προς: PREP
- αλληλους·Μη: PRON,acc,pl,m
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,?
- ηνεγκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- φαγειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
Parallels
- John 4:8 (verbal): Earlier verse states the disciples had gone into the city to buy food, supplying the immediate background for their question about bringing Jesus something to eat.
- John 4:34 (verbal): Jesus' reply—'My food is to do the will of him who sent me'—directly contrasts and answers the disciples' concern about physical food.
- John 6:27 (thematic): Jesus contrasts earthly food with spiritual sustenance—'Do not work for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures'—echoing the theme behind his reply to the disciples.
- John 6:35 (thematic): 'I am the bread of life' develops the Johannine motif that true nourishment comes from Jesus rather than ordinary food, thematically linked to the disciples' concern.
- Mark 6:35-37 (structural): In the feeding-of-the-5,000 episode the disciples likewise worry about providing food for a crowd and ask how to feed them—paralleling the practical concern about food and Jesus' subsequent teaching/miracle.
Alternative generated candidates
- So the disciples said to one another, 'Has anyone brought him something to eat?'
- So the disciples said to one another, "Has anyone brought him something to eat?"
John.4.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους·Εμον: PROPN,nom,sg,m|PRON,nom,sg,n
- βρωμα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ινα: CONJ
- ποιησω: VERB,fut,act,ind,1,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- θελημα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πεμψαντος: VERB,aor,act,part,gen,sg,m
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- και: CONJ
- τελειωσω: VERB,aor,act,subj,1,sg
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- εργον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
Parallels
- John 6:38 (verbal): Jesus: 'For I have come down from heaven, not to do my will but the will of him who sent me.' Direct verbal parallel on doing the Father's will as Jesus' mission.
- Psalm 40:6-8 (allusion): Psalmist: '...behold, I come; in the scroll of the book it is written of me... I delight to do your will.' John 4:34 echoes the language and motive of doing God's will as sustenance and purpose.
- Hebrews 10:7 (quotation): The author cites Psalm 40: 'Behold, I have come to do your will.' Hebrews applies this text to Christ, linking John's statement about doing the Father's work to the OT citation.
- John 17:4 (structural): Jesus' high-priestly prayer: 'I glorified you on earth, having accomplished the work you gave me to do.' Mirrors John 4:34's emphasis on completing the Father's work.
- Matthew 26:39 (thematic): Jesus in Gethsemane: 'My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will.' The verse reflects the same theme of submission to the Father's will as central to Jesus' life and mission.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jesus said to them, 'My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to accomplish his work.'
- Jesus said to them, "My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to complete his work.
John.4.35 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ουχ: PART,neg
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- λεγετε: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,pl
- οτι: CONJ
- Ετι: ADV
- τετραμηνος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- θερισμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ερχεται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
- ιδου: PART
- λεγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- επαρατε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- οφθαλμους: NOUN,acc,pl,m
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- και: CONJ
- θεασασθε: VERB,aor,mid,imp,2,pl
- τας: ART,acc,pl,f
- χωρας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- οτι: CONJ
- λευκαι: ADJ,nom,pl,f
- εισιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- προς: PREP
- θερισμον·ηδη: NOUN,acc,sg,m+ADV
Parallels
- Matthew 9:37-38 (verbal): Uses the same harvest language: 'The harvest is plentiful,' and urges action (praying for laborers), echoing Jesus' urgency about fields being ready for harvest.
- Luke 10:2 (quotation): Parallel wording and situation: Jesus tells the disciples the harvest is plentiful and to pray for workers—an explicit repetition of the harvest-mission motif.
- John 4:36 (structural): Immediate literary continuation in the same pericope: contrasts sowing and reaping ('one sows, another reaps') and asserts that reaping is already occurring—directly develops verse 35's harvest image.
- 1 Corinthians 3:6-9 (thematic): Paul's ministry vocabulary ('I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth') employs the sowing/reaping metaphor to describe cooperative mission work, echoing Jesus' distinction between sowing and reaping in ministry.
- Mark 4:29 (thematic): Parable of the growing seed: when the crop is ripe the harvest comes—shares the agricultural image of ripeness and imminent harvest as a natural sign that harvesting (and judgment/mission) must proceed.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'Do you not say, “There are yet four months, then comes the harvest”? Behold, I tell you, lift up your eyes and look at the fields, for they are already white for harvest.'
- Do you not say, 'There are yet four months, then comes the harvest'? Listen, I say to you, lift up your eyes and look at the fields; they are white already for harvest.
John.4.36 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- θεριζων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- μισθον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- λαμβανει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- συναγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- καρπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- ζωην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- αιωνιον: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- ινα: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- σπειρων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- ομου: ADV
- χαιρη: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- θεριζων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- John 4:35-38 (structural): Immediate context: the sowing/harvesting metaphor is developed across these verses, explaining that workers reap what others have sown and both rejoice together.
- 1 Corinthians 3:6-8 (thematic): Uses agricultural imagery of planting and watering to describe cooperative ministry and states that each worker will receive his own reward—parallel theme of shared labor and reward.
- Galatians 6:9 (verbal): Explicitly uses the language of sowing and reaping ('we shall reap if we do not give up'), echoing the assurance of harvest and eventual reward found in John 4:36.
- Matthew 9:37-38 (thematic): Jesus' harvest metaphor describing plentiful harvest and needy laborers relates to John’s imagery of reaping and gathering fruit for eternal life, emphasizing mission urgency and shared harvest.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'He who reaps receives wages and gathers fruit for life eternal, so that he who sows and he who reaps may rejoice together.'
- He who reaps receives wages and gathers fruit for eternal life, so that both the sower and the reaper may rejoice together.
John.4.37 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εν: PREP
- γαρ: PART
- τουτω: DEM,dat,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- λογος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αληθινος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- οτι: CONJ
- Αλλος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- σπειρων: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- αλλος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- θεριζων·: PTCP,pres,act,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- John 4:38 (structural): Immediate context/continuation: contrasts sowing and reaping roles — 'others have labored, and you have entered into their labor,' directly develops the same image.
- Matthew 9:37 (thematic): Uses harvest imagery in a missionary context — 'The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few,' echoing the urgency and division of sowing/harvesting work.
- 1 Corinthians 3:6-8 (verbal): Paul employs complementary agricultural metaphors: 'I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth,' distinguishing human roles in planting/watering (sowing/reaping) and emphasizing God's role.
- Galatians 6:7-9 (verbal): Uses the sowing-and-reaping principle as ethical/theological law: 'Whatever one sows, that will he also reap,' applying the agricultural image to moral consequences and perseverance in doing good.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'For in this matter the saying is true: “One sows and another reaps.”'
- For in this the saying is true, 'One sows and another reaps.'
John.4.38 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- απεστειλα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- υμας: PRON,acc,pl,2
- θεριζειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ουχ: PART,neg
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- κεκοπιακατε·αλλοι: VERB,perf,act,ind,2,pl+ADJ,nom,pl,m
- κεκοπιακασιν: VERB,perf,act,ind,3,pl
- και: CONJ
- υμεις: PRON,nom,pl,2
- εις: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- κοπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- εισεληλυθατε: VERB,perf,act,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- John 4:35-37 (structural): Immediate context: the same harvest-reaping discourse—Jesus’ command to look at the fields and the statement that others have labored and you enter into their labor.
- 1 Corinthians 3:6-9 (thematic): Paul’s planting/watering imagery and the claim that different workers contribute to one divine work parallels the idea that some have labored and others reap/enter into that labor.
- Matthew 9:37-38 (thematic): Uses the harvest/laborers motif—'the harvest is plentiful, the laborers are few'—echoing the harvest imagery and the call to bring in workers for God's harvest.
- Luke 10:2 (thematic): Parallel saying about the plentiful harvest and the need for laborers to be sent out, closely related in theme and missionary urgency to Jesus’ sending to reap.
Alternative generated candidates
- 'I sent you to reap that for which you did not labor; others have labored, and you have entered into their labor.'
- I sent you to reap what you did not labor for; others have labored, and you have entered into their labor.
At that moment his disciples came, and they marveled that he was speaking with a woman; yet no one said, 'What do you seek?' or, 'Why are you speaking with her?'
The woman left her water jar and went back into the city and told the people,
'Come, see a man who told me everything I ever did. Could this be the Christ?'
They went out of the city and were coming to him.
Meanwhile his disciples urged him, saying, 'Rabbi, eat.' But he said to them, 'I have food to eat that you do not know about.' So the disciples said to one another, 'Has anyone brought him something to eat?'
Jesus said to them, 'My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to accomplish his work.'
'Do you not say, “There are yet four months, then comes the harvest”? Behold, I tell you, lift up your eyes and see the fields, that they are white for harvest.'
'Already the reaper receives wages and gathers fruit for eternal life, so that both the sower and the reaper may rejoice together.'
'For in this the saying is true: “One sows and another reaps.”'
'I sent you to reap what you did not labor for. Others labored, and you have entered into their labor.'