Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones

Joshua 3:1-4:24

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 And Joshua rose early in the morning; and they moved from Shittim and came to the Jordan—he and all the people of Israel—and lodged there before they crossed.

Jos.3.1 - Details

Original Text

וישכם יהושע בבקר ויסעו מהשטים ויבאו עד־ הירדן הוא וכל־ בני ישראל וילנו שם טרם יעברו׃

Morphology

  • וישכם: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בבקר: PREP
  • ויסעו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • מהשטים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,def
  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • עד: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וילנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שם: ADV
  • טרם: ADV
  • יעברו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Exodus 14:22 (thematic): Both passages depict Israel passing through a body of water as a defining act of divine deliverance (Red Sea/sea of reeds compared with the Jordan crossing motif).
  • Numbers 33:49–50 (verbal): Numbers records Israel's encampment at Shittim and their coming to the Jordan near Jericho—same place names and itinerary as Joshua 3:1, reflecting the same stage in the wilderness-to-Canaan journey.
  • Joshua 1:10–11 (structural): Earlier in Joshua the new leader issues practical orders to prepare the people to pass over the Jordan, directly setting the stage for the movement described in 3:1.
  • Joshua 4:19 (structural): This verse narrates the completion of the crossing and the people's encampment at Gilgal, forming the concluding parallel to the arrival-and-lodging motif introduced in 3:1.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua rose early in the morning; they set out from Shittim and came to the Jordan—he and all the people of Israel—and they lodged there before they crossed over.
  • And Joshua rose early in the morning; the people moved from Shittim and came to the Jordan—Joshua and all Israel—and lodged there before they crossed.
2 And it came to pass at the end of three days that the officers passed through the camp.

Jos.3.2 - Details

Original Text

ויהי מקצה שלשת ימים ויעברו השטרים בקרב המחנה׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • מקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שלשת: NUM,m,pl,abs
  • ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ויעברו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • השטרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • בקרב: PREP
  • המחנה: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Josh.1.11 (structural): Both passages describe officers/messengers moving through the camp with an announcement that Israel will cross the Jordan within three days—close structural and verbal correspondence within Joshua's narrative.
  • Exod.19.10-11 (verbal): God (through Moses) commands the people to be sanctified and be ready for the third day because the LORD will come down—parallels Joshua 3's timing ('three days') and the call to sanctification before a mighty divine act.
  • Gen.22.4 (thematic): Abraham 'saw the place afar off on the third day' where God acts to provide; exemplifies the recurring Israelite motif that decisive divine intervention occurs on the third day.
  • 1 Cor.15.4 (thematic): Paul's proclamation that Christ rose 'the third day' echoes the wider biblical theme of the third day as the time of God's saving action—paralleling Joshua's anticipation of divine action after three days.

Alternative generated candidates

  • At the end of three days the officers passed through the camp.
  • At the end of three days the officers went through the camp.
3 And they commanded the people, saying, "When you see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, and the priests the Levites bearing it, then you shall set out from your places and follow it.

Jos.3.3 - Details

Original Text

ויצוו את־ העם לאמר כראותכם את ארון ברית־ יהוה אלהיכם והכהנים הלוים נשאים אתו ואתם תסעו ממקומכם והלכתם אחריו׃

Morphology

  • ויצוו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • כראותכם: VERB,qal,inf,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ברית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
  • והכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • הלוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאים: PARTCP,pual,pass,m,pl
  • אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
  • ואתם: CONJ+PRON,2,pl
  • תסעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • ממקומכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:2,m,pl
  • והלכתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • אחריו: PREP,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Numbers 10:33-34 (verbal): Describes the ark going before the people and the departure of the camp when the ark sets out—close verbal and functional parallel to following the ark carried by the Levites.
  • Joshua 6:6-7 (thematic): Priests carry the ark and lead the people in a communal movement (around Jericho); both passages place the ark/priests as the signal and guide for Israel's movement.
  • 1 Chronicles 15:13-15 (verbal): David's instructions about Levites carrying the ark (using poles) and the Levites' role in bearing the ark echo the language and priestly/Levite responsibilities in Joshua 3:3.
  • 2 Samuel 6:3-4 (thematic): The ark is borne by those appointed and the people follow or accompany it into a new place—parallel in practice and emphasis on the ark's central role in Israel's movement.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they commanded the people, saying, “When you see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God and the priests the Levites carrying it, then you shall set out from your places and go after it.”
  • They commanded the people, saying, "When you see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God and the Levitical priests bearing it, you shall move from your places and follow it."
4 But there shall be a distance between you and the ark—about two thousand cubits; do not come near it—so that you may know the way you shall go, for you have not passed this way before."

Jos.3.4 - Details

Original Text

אך ׀ רחוק יהיה ביניכם וביניו כאלפים אמה במדה אל־ תקרבו אליו למען אשר־ תדעו את־ הדרך אשר תלכו־ בה כי לא עברתם בדרך מתמול שלשום׃

Morphology

  • אך: PART
  • רחוק: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ביניכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
  • וביניו: CONJ+PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • כאלפים: PREP+NUM,pl,abs
  • אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • במדה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • תקרבו: VERB,qal,imprf,2,m,pl
  • אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • למען: PREP
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • תדעו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הדרך: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • תלכו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • עברתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • מתמול: ADV
  • שלשום: ADV

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:3 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel — the command about keeping distance behind the ark and following it is continued and made operational in the preceding verse.
  • Numbers 10:33–36 (thematic): The ark and the cloud lead Israel’s march and determine their route; like Josh 3:4 this passage emphasizes following the divine presence as the guide on unfamiliar roads.
  • Numbers 9:15–23 (thematic): The cloud’s movements dictate when Israel camps and sets out; parallels the idea that the people must follow divine guidance because they have not traversed the way before.
  • Exodus 13:21–22 (thematic): God leads Israel by a pillar of cloud and fire to show them the way out of Egypt and through the wilderness — a theological background for the instruction to follow the ark’s lead.
  • Joshua 4:6–7 (structural): The erection of memorial stones so future generations will ask and be told how the LORD made a way for them connects to the purpose in 3:4 ('that you may know the way') and the preservation of that memory.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But there shall be a distance between you and it of about two thousand cubits; do not come near it, so that you may know the way by which you shall go, for you have not passed this way before.
  • But there shall be a distance between you and it of about a thousand cubits; do not draw near to it, that you may know the way you shall go, for you have not passed this way before.
5 And Joshua said to the people, "Sanctify yourselves, for tomorrow the LORD will do wonders among you."

Jos.3.5 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהושע אל־ העם התקדשו כי מחר יעשה יהוה בקרבכם נפלאות׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • התקדשו: VERB,hitpael,impv,2,m,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • מחר: ADV
  • יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • בקרבכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,const+PRON,2,pl,m
  • נפלאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Exod.19.10-11 (verbal): Both passages command the people to sanctify/prepare themselves because the LORD will imminently appear or act—Exodus uses sanctification ahead of a divine manifestation at Sinai.
  • Exod.14.13-14 (thematic): Moses' assurance that the people should not fear because the LORD will act on their behalf parallels Joshua's call to sanctify in view of an impending wondrous divine intervention.
  • Josh.3.10 (structural): Immediate literary parallel within the same scene: Joshua explains that the coming signs at the Jordan will demonstrate that the living God is among Israel, echoing the reason for sanctification in 3:5.
  • Josh.4.23-24 (thematic): After the Jordan crossing, Joshua explains that God's miraculous acts were meant to make His power known to all peoples—this reflects the purpose behind the promised 'wonders' mentioned in 3:5.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua said to the people, “Sanctify yourselves, for tomorrow the LORD will do wonders among you.”
  • Joshua said to the people, "Consecrate yourselves, for tomorrow the LORD will do wonders among you."
6 And Joshua said to the priests, "Take up the ark of the covenant and pass on before the people." So the priests took up the ark of the covenant and went before the people.

Jos.3.6 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהושע אל־ הכהנים לאמר שאו את־ ארון הברית ועברו לפני העם וישאו את־ ארון הברית וילכו לפני העם׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • שאו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הברית: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ועברו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • לפני: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • וישאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הברית: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • וילכו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • לפני: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Numbers 10:33 (verbal): States that the ark of the covenant went before Israel when they set out from the mountain of the LORD—same motif of the ark leading the people and guiding their journey.
  • Joshua 6:6-9 (structural): Within the same book the priests carry the ark before the people during the military/ritual action at Jericho, echoing the command and function described in Josh 3:6.
  • Deuteronomy 10:8 (thematic): Declares that the Levites were set apart to carry the ark of the covenant—background legal/ritual basis for priests bearing the ark as in Josh 3:6.
  • 1 Chronicles 15:2-3 (allusion): David organizes a priestly procession to bring the ark to Zion, instructing that the Levites carry it—parallels the priestly transport and public procession motif of Josh 3:6.
  • 2 Samuel 6:2 (thematic): Describes David gathering men to bring up the ark of God from Baale-judah, reflecting the continuing practice and theological significance of moving the ark before the people as in Joshua.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua said to the priests, “Take up the ark of the covenant and pass on before the people.” So the priests took up the ark of the covenant and went before the people.
  • Joshua said to the priests, "Take up the ark of the covenant and pass on before the people." So the priests took up the ark of the covenant and went before the people.
7 And the LORD said to Joshua, "This day I will begin to exalt you in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that, as I was with Moses, so I will be with you.

Jos.3.7 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהוה אל־ יהושע היום הזה אחל גדלך בעיני כל־ ישראל אשר ידעון כי כאשר הייתי עם־ משה אהיה עמך׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • אחל: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • גדלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
  • בעיני: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • כל: DET
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • ידעון: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • הייתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • עם: PREP
  • משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אהיה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
  • עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m

Parallels

  • Exodus 3:12 (verbal): God's promise to Moses uses the same phrase 'I will be with you' (Heb. 'אני אהיה עמך'), the verbal template applied here to Joshua.
  • Joshua 1:5 (verbal): Earlier commissioning of Joshua repeats the exact assurance 'As I was with Moses, so I will be with you,' directly paralleling the promise in 3:7.
  • Deuteronomy 31:7-8 (thematic): Moses charges and encourages Joshua with assurance of God's presence ('He will not fail you or forsake you'), reinforcing the theme of divine accompaniment in the leadership transition.
  • Numbers 27:18-23 (structural): God directs Moses to appoint and set Joshua before Eleazar and the congregation (laying on of hands), providing the formal transfer of leadership that underlies God's intent to 'magnify' Joshua before Israel.
  • Exodus 34:10 (allusion): God's promise to do wonders and act 'before all your people' parallels the idea of God publicly demonstrating and magnifying his chosen leader in the sight of the people.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the LORD said to Joshua, “Today I will begin to magnify you in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that I am with you as I was with Moses.
  • And the LORD said to Joshua, "This day I will begin to exalt you in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that as I was with Moses, so I will be with you.
8 You shall command the priests who bear the ark of the covenant, saying, ‘When you come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, you shall stand still in the Jordan.’"

Jos.3.8 - Details

Original Text

ואתה תצוה את־ הכהנים נשאי ארון־ הברית לאמר כבאכם עד־ קצה מי הירדן בירדן תעמדו׃

Morphology

  • ואתה: CONJ+PRON,2,m,sg
  • תצוה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הברית: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • כבאכם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • עד: PREP
  • קצה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בירדן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • תעמדו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:15-17 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same episode: the priests standing in the Jordan with the ark until all the people had crossed, and the waters being cut off so the nation crossed on dry ground.
  • Joshua 4:1-9 (structural): Follow-up account: memorial stones set up after the crossing that resulted from the priests’ standing with the ark at the river’s edge—direct consequence of the command in 3:8.
  • Exodus 14:21-22 (thematic): earlier foundational crossing motif—God miraculously divides waters (Red Sea) to allow Israel to pass on dry ground, providing a typological precedent for the Jordan crossing.
  • Psalm 114:3-8 (thematic): Poetic recall of Yahweh’s power over sea and Jordan—‘the sea looked and fled, the Jordan turned back’—evokes the same theological theme of divine control of waters displayed at the Jordan crossing.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And you shall command the priests who carry the ark of the covenant, ‘When you come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, you shall stand still in the Jordan.’”
  • And you shall command the priests who bear the ark, 'When you come to the edge of the waters of the Jordan, you shall stand still in the Jordan.'"
9 Then Joshua said to the people, "Come here, and hear the words of the LORD your God."

Jos.3.9 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהושע אל־ בני ישראל גשו הנה ושמעו את־ דברי יהוה אלהיכם׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • גשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
  • הנה: PART
  • ושמעו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • דברי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,c,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 6:4 (verbal): The Shema opens 'Hear, O Israel'—a direct, public summons to listen to God—which parallels Joshua's call to 'come and hear the words of the LORD your God.'
  • Deuteronomy 5:1 (structural): Moses 'called all Israel' and told them to hear the statutes and judgments; similar leader-to-assembly setting and command to hear God's words.
  • Deuteronomy 31:11 (thematic): Commands a public reading 'that they may hear' so all Israel and future generations learn and fear the LORD—thematic parallel to Joshua's public summons to hear God's words before entering the land.
  • Exodus 19:7 (structural): Moses calls the elders and sets before them 'all these words' of God; parallels Joshua's act of assembling the people to present and hear God's instruction.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua said to the people, “Come here, and hear the words of the LORD your God.”
  • Joshua said to the people, "Come near and hear the words of the LORD your God."
10 And Joshua said, "By this you shall know that the living God is among you: behold, the ark of the covenant of the LORD of all the earth will go before you into the Jordan.

Jos.3.10 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהושע בזאת תדעון כי אל חי בקרבכם והורש יוריש מפניכם את־ הכנעני ואת־ החתי ואת־ החוי ואת־ הפרזי ואת־ הגרגשי והאמרי והיבוסי׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בזאת: PREP
  • תדעון: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • אל: NEG
  • חי: ADJ,m,sg
  • בקרבכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,const+PRON,2,pl,m
  • והורש: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
  • יוריש: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
  • מפניכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUF,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הכנעני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
  • ואת: CONJ
  • החתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ואת: CONJ
  • החוי: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ואת: CONJ
  • הפרזי: ADJ,m,pl,def
  • ואת: CONJ
  • הגרגשי: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והאמרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
  • והיבוסי: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Deut.7:1-2 (thematic): Commands to dispossess the nations of Canaan and lists hostile peoples to be driven out, paralleling Joshua's claim that God will remove Canaanite groups before Israel.
  • Num.33:52 (verbal): Explicit injunction to drive out and dispossess the inhabitants of the land — language and legal/missionary context mirror Joshua's assurance of removal.
  • Deut.20:1 (thematic): Statement that Israel need not fear in battle because the LORD goes with them; echoes Joshua’s declaration that the living God is among you as grounds for victory.
  • Josh.23:9 (verbal): Joshua later reiterates that the LORD has driven out nations before Israel and none have stood against them — a closely parallel claim about God's saving/action on Israel's behalf.
  • Josh.24:11-12 (allusion): Joshua recounts how God drove out nations (sending hornets, delivering territory) — a narrative retelling that alludes to the same divine agency and displacement named in 3:10.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua said, “By this you shall know that the living God is among you: behold, he will drive out from before you the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Hivite, the Perizzite, the Girgashite, the Amorite, and the Jebusite.
  • And Joshua said, "By this you shall know that the living God is among you: he will drive out before you the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Hivite, the Perizzite, the Girgashite, the Amorite, and the Jebusite.
11 Now therefore take twelve men from the tribes of Israel, one man from each tribe.

Jos.3.11 - Details

Original Text

הנה ארון הברית אדון כל־ הארץ עבר לפניכם בירדן׃

Morphology

  • הנה: PART
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הברית: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אדון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • עבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לפניכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • בירדן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,prop

Parallels

  • Numbers 10:33-35 (verbal): Explicitly depicts the ark of the covenant going before Israel in the wilderness—same verbal motif of the ark leading the people.
  • Joshua 4:14 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel in Joshua: after the ark passes into the Jordan, the people cross on dry ground—continuation/result of the ark's leading role.
  • Exodus 14:21-22 (thematic): The crossing of the sea under God's saving, guiding presence parallels the Jordan crossing as a divine-led passage through waters.
  • Deuteronomy 31:8 (thematic): Affirms the theological motif that the LORD goes before Israel and will not fail or forsake them—echoes the idea of God (through the ark) leading the people.
  • Psalm 24:1 (thematic): Proclaims 'the earth is the LORD's,' paralleling the title 'Lord of all the earth' applied to the ark in Joshua 3:11 and emphasizing God's universal sovereignty.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Behold, the ark of the covenant of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, is crossing before you into the Jordan.
  • Behold, the ark of the covenant of the LORD of all the earth is passing before you across the Jordan.
12 And it shall be that when the soles of the feet of the priests who bear the ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, rest in the waters of the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off from flowing, and the waters which come down from above shall stand in one heap."

Jos.3.12 - Details

Original Text

ועתה קחו לכם שני עשר איש משבטי ישראל איש־ אחד איש־ אחד לשבט׃

Morphology

  • ועתה: CONJ
  • קחו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משבטי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • לשבט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.4:2-4 (structural): Repeats and develops the same instruction—Joshua selects twelve men (one from each tribe) to take memorial stones after the crossing, showing the same representative action in the later narrative.
  • Numbers 7:2-9 (verbal): Lists the twelve tribal leaders who brought offerings for the dedication of the altar—an early pattern of one leading representative per tribe.
  • Deut.27:2-8 (thematic): Commands erection of stones and public memorials after entering the land; thematically linked to taking twelve men to create a memorial at the Jordan crossing.
  • Exod.24:1-9 (thematic): Moses brings Aaron and the elders up to meet with God—an instance of selecting a representative group of leaders to stand with the leader at a sacred event, paralleling Joshua’s selection of tribal representatives.
  • Deut.1:13 (thematic): Moses instructs the appointment of wise, understanding, and known men from the tribes as heads—an earlier precedent for choosing representatives/heads from each tribe.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Now therefore take for yourselves twelve men from the tribes of Israel, one man from each tribe.
  • Now therefore take for yourselves twelve men from the tribes of Israel, one man from each tribe.
13 So it came to pass, when the people moved from their tents to pass over the Jordan, and the priests who bore the ark went before the people,

Jos.3.13 - Details

Original Text

והיה כנוח כפות רגלי הכהנים נשאי ארון יהוה אדון כל־ הארץ במי הירדן מי הירדן יכרתון המים הירדים מלמעלה ויעמדו נד אחד׃

Morphology

  • והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • כנוח: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cstr
  • כפות: NOUN,f,pl,cstr
  • רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cstr
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אדון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • במי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • יכרתון: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
  • המים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • הירדים: VERB,qal,part,_,m,pl
  • מלמעלה: ADV
  • ויעמדו: CONJ+VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • נד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:15 (structural): Immediate narrative context: describes the priests standing in the Jordan and preparing to cause the waters to be cut off when their feet touched the water (same episode, shared wording).
  • Joshua 4:18 (structural): Narrative resolution of the same event: when the priests stepped out of the Jordan the waters returned to their place, confirming that the river had been held back while the ark-bearing priests stood in it.
  • Exodus 14:21-22 (thematic): Parallel motif of miraculous water-parting for Israel’s passage: Moses stretches out his hand and the Red Sea is divided so the people pass on dry ground (the Jordan crossing echoes the Exodus deliverance).
  • Psalm 114:3-4 (allusion): Poetic recall of the divine control of water: the sea fled and Jordan turned back—Psalmist alludes to the same types of wonders attributed to Yahweh’s action at the sea and Jordan.
  • 2 Kings 2:8,14 (allusion): Elijah (and later Elisha) miraculously divides the Jordan with his mantle—later prophetic imitation/allusion to the earlier theophany of God’s power over the Jordan.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And it shall come to pass, when the soles of the priests’ feet who bear the ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, rest in the waters of the Jordan, that the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off from flowing, and the waters that come down from above shall stand in one heap.”
  • And it shall come to pass, when the soles of the feet of the priests who bear the ark of the LORD, the LORD of all the earth, shall rest in the waters of the Jordan, that the waters of the Jordan will be cut off from above and stand in one heap.
14 that as those who bore the ark came to the Jordan, and the feet of the priests who bore the ark dipped in the edge of the water (for the Jordan overflowed all its banks during the whole time of harvest),

Jos.3.14 - Details

Original Text

ויהי בנסע העם מאהליהם לעבר את־ הירדן והכהנים נשאי הארון הברית לפני העם׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • בנסע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מאהליהם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3mp
  • לעבר: INF,qal
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • הארון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הברית: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • לפני: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:6 (verbal): Same scene expressed one verse earlier: the priests are commanded to take up and carry the ark and to go before the people — nearly identical action and wording.
  • Joshua 3:11 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the chapter identifying the ark as the holy object that will pass before the people into the Jordan — restates the ark’s leading role.
  • Numbers 10:33–36 (thematic): Describes the ark/cloud leading Israel in their journeys and the ritual language used when the ark set forward or rested — parallels the idea of the divine presence going before the people.
  • Exodus 13:21–22 (thematic): God’s presence (pillar of cloud/fire) going before Israel during the exodus — thematically parallels the ark leading Israel into the promised land as a sign of divine guidance.
  • 1 Chronicles 15:11–15 (allusion): Narrative about priests and Levites bringing up/carrying the ark to its place under David’s arrangement — recalls the motif of priests bearing the ark before the people.

Alternative generated candidates

  • So when the people set out from their tents to pass over the Jordan, the priests carrying the ark of the covenant went before the people.
  • When the people set out from their tents to pass over the Jordan, the priests bearing the ark went before the people.
15 the waters which came down from above stood and rose up in one heap very far away, at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those that flowed toward the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were cut off. So the people crossed opposite Jericho.

Jos.3.15 - Details

Original Text

וכבוא נשאי הארון עד־ הירדן ורגלי הכהנים נשאי הארון נטבלו בקצה המים והירדן מלא על־ כל־ גדותיו כל ימי קציר׃

Morphology

  • וכבוא: CONJ
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • הארון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עד: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ורגלי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • הארון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • נטבלו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,pl
  • בקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • המים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • והירדן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מלא: ADJ,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • כל: DET
  • גדותיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3ms
  • כל: DET
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • קציר: NOUN,m,sg,construct

Parallels

  • Exodus 14:21–22 (verbal): Moses stretches out his hand and the sea is divided so the people pass on dry ground—verbal and narrative parallel of a body of water miraculously held back to allow Israel's crossing.
  • Joshua 4:18 (structural): Immediate narrative reprise of the same event: when the priests came up out of the Jordan the waters stood in a heap, emphasizing the priests' feet on dry ground—same episode described from a slightly different vantage.
  • 2 Kings 2:8 (thematic): Elijah strikes the Jordan and its waters part so he and Elisha cross—a later prophetic echo of the motif of miraculous river-parting enabling passage.
  • Psalm 114:3–7 (allusion): Poetic recall of the Exodus/Jordan miracles—'the sea fled, the Jordan turned back,' summarizing the same tradition of waters responding to God's presence.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And as those who bore the ark came to the Jordan, and the priests’ feet dipped in the edge of the water (for the Jordan overflowed all its banks during the harvest),
  • And when those who bore the ark came to the Jordan, and the feet of the priests carrying the ark dipped in the edge of the water (for the Jordan overflows all its banks during the harvest season),
16 And the priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan until everything that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak to the people was finished; and the people crossed over on dry ground until all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan.

Jos.3.16 - Details

Original Text

ויעמדו המים הירדים מלמעלה קמו נד־ אחד הרחק מאד מאדם העיר אשר מצד צרתן והירדים על ים הערבה ים־ המלח תמו נכרתו והעם עברו נגד יריחו׃

Morphology

  • ויעמדו: CONJ+VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • המים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • הירדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • מלמעלה: ADV
  • קמו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • נד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • הרחק: ADV
  • מאד: ADV
  • מאדם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • העיר: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • מצד: PREP
  • צרתן: NOUN,f,sg,abs,prop
  • והירדים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
  • על: PREP
  • ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • הערבה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ים: NOUN,m,sg,cs
  • המלח: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • תמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • נכרתו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
  • והעם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
  • עברו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • נגד: PREP
  • יריחו: NOUN,m,sg,cstr

Parallels

  • Exodus 14:21-22 (verbal): The original crossing miracle: Moses stretches out his hand, the sea/Waters are divided and the people pass on dry ground—direct verbal and event parallel to Jordan standing up.
  • Joshua 4:23-24 (structural): Same narrative cycle: the crossing is interpreted here as a sign of YHWH’s power and to teach future generations—explicit theological purpose tied to Josh 3:16.
  • Psalm 114:3-5 (verbal): Poetic recall of the motif—'Jordan turned back' and the sea 'fled'—echoes the imagery and language of waters standing/retreating.
  • 2 Kings 2:8,14 (allusion): Elijah/Elisha miraculously divide the Jordan with Elijah’s cloak—later prophetic echo that alludes to the earlier crossing motif of waters parting.
  • Psalm 78:13-15 (thematic): Historical-theological retelling that God divided the waters and made them stand as a heap for Israel to pass—recounts the same saving act and its significance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • the waters which came down from above stood and rose up in one heap a great distance away, at Adam—the city beside Zarethan—and those flowing down toward the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were cut off; so the people crossed opposite Jericho.
  • the waters which came down from above stood and rose up in a heap a very great distance away at the city of Adam, which is beside Zarethan; and those flowing toward the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were cut off; so the people passed over opposite Jericho.
17 The priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood in the middle of the Jordan until the time had been completed, and all Israel crossed over on dry ground to the plains of Jericho.

Jos.3.17 - Details

Original Text

ויעמדו הכהנים נשאי הארון ברית־ יהוה בחרבה בתוך הירדן הכן וכל־ ישראל עברים בחרבה עד אשר־ תמו כל־ הגוי לעבר את־ הירדן׃

Morphology

  • ויעמדו: CONJ+VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • הארון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ברית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • בחרבה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בתוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הכן: VERB,hiph,imp,2,m,sg
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עברים: PART,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
  • בחרבה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עד: PREP
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • תמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כל: DET
  • הגוי: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לעבר: INF,qal
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Exodus 14:22 (verbal): The Red Sea crossing: Israelites pass through the sea on dry ground after waters are divided—language and motif of a miraculous river-crossing on dry land parallels Joshua’s crossing of the Jordan.
  • Joshua 4:10-11 (structural): Immediate retelling/summary of the same episode: the priests standing in the midst of the Jordan with the ark until the whole nation had passed—an internal parallel within the book of Joshua.
  • Psalm 114:3-4 (allusion): Poetic memory of Israel’s deliverances: ‘Jordan turned back’ and the sea fled—this Psalm invokes the Jordan/Sea miracles as a thematically linked tradition.
  • 1 Corinthians 10:1-2 (thematic): Paul’s typological summary of Israel’s history refers to passing through the sea (baptism into Moses); uses the Exodus/Red Sea and related wilderness events as theological parallels to Israel’s corporate crossing experiences.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan, until all the nation finished passing over the Jordan.
  • The priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan until all the nation had finished passing over the Jordan.
1 And it came to pass, when all the nation had finished passing over the Jordan, that the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,

Jos.4.1 - Details

Original Text

ויהי כאשר־ תמו כל־ הגוי לעבור את־ הירדן ויאמר יהוה אל־ יהושע לאמר׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • תמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כל: DET
  • הגוי: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לעבור: VERB,qal,infc
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc

Parallels

  • Josh.3:16-17 (structural): Same episode described earlier: the completion of the people's crossing of the Jordan and the immediate context for God's speech to Joshua (same event from another point in the narrative).
  • Josh.1:1-2 (structural): Another instance of the LORD addressing Joshua at a major transition (Moses' death/entrance to the land); parallels the pattern of divine commissioning and instruction at a watershed moment.
  • Exod.14:21-31 (thematic): The Red Sea crossing is a typological parallel: God miraculously parts waters so Israel may pass—contextually similar deliverance by water and divine guidance into the promised land.
  • Deut.27:2-3 (thematic): Deuteronomy's command to set up stones on Mount Ebal after crossing the Jordan parallels the memorial-stone instructions that immediately follow Joshua 4:1, anticipating a covenantal sign for future generations.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When all the nation had finished passing over the Jordan, the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,
  • When all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan, the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,
2 "Take for yourselves twelve men from the people, one man from each tribe.

Jos.4.2 - Details

Original Text

קחו לכם מן־ העם שנים עשר אנשים איש־ אחד איש־ אחד משבט׃

Morphology

  • קחו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • מן: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • אנשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • משבט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Numbers 1:4 (verbal): The census and appointment of one leader or representative from each tribe—'one leader from each ancestral house'—parallels Joshua's command to take one man from each tribe.
  • Exodus 24:4 (thematic): Moses sets up twelve pillars as a memorial for the twelve tribes; thematically parallels Joshua's use of twelve men/stones as a communal memorial for Israel.
  • Deuteronomy 27:2-8 (thematic): Instruction to set up large stones and publicly inscribe the law after entering the land—parallels Joshua's memorial-making after crossing the Jordan and the communal role of representatives.
  • Revelation 21:12 (thematic): The city has twelve gates named for the twelve tribes of Israel; reflects the recurring symbolic use of 'twelve' as representative of Israel's tribes, as in Joshua's selection of one man per tribe.

Alternative generated candidates

  • “Take twelve men from the people, from each tribe a man.
  • "Take for yourselves twelve men from the people, one man from each tribe."
3 And command them, saying, ‘Take up twelve stones from here out of the midst of the Jordan, from where the priests’ feet stood, and carry them with you and lay them down in the lodging place where you will lodge tonight.’"

Jos.4.3 - Details

Original Text

וצוו אותם לאמר שאו־ לכם מזה מתוך הירדן ממצב רגלי הכהנים הכין שתים־ עשרה אבנים והעברתם אותם עמכם והנחתם אותם במלון אשר־ תלינו בו הלילה׃

Morphology

  • וצוו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,ms
  • אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • שאו: VERB,qal,imp,2,mp
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • מזה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מתוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ממצב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg
  • רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • הכין: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,ms
  • שתים: NUM,f,dual
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • אבנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • והעברתם: VERB,hiphil,perf,2,mp
  • אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
  • עמכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
  • והנחתם: VERB,hiphil,perf,2,mp
  • אותם: PRON,3,m,pl,obj
  • במלון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • תלינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
  • בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • הלילה: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Josh.4.6-7 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same narrative: explains purpose of taking twelve stones as a memorial and sign for future generations to ask about the crossing.
  • 1 Sam.7.12 (thematic): Samuel sets up a stone named Ebenezer ('Thus far the LORD has helped us') as a commemorative monument marking divine help—parallel use of a stone as a public memorial.
  • Gen.28.18-22 (thematic): Jacob sets up the stone he used as a pillow and anoints it as a pillar, declaring it a place of God’s presence—similar practice of raising stones to mark a covenantal encounter or sacred event.
  • Gen.31.44-52 (thematic): Jacob and Laban set up a heap of stones as a witness and boundary (Galeed/Mizpah), using stones as a visible memorial/witness between parties—comparable motif of stones as communal reminders.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And command them, saying, ‘Take up twelve stones from the midst of the Jordan, from the place where the priests’ feet stood firm, and carry them over with you and lay them down in the lodging place where you lodge tonight.’”
  • And command them, saying, 'Take up from here out of the midst of the Jordan, from the place where the priests' feet are standing, twelve stones; carry them over with you and lay them down in the lodging place where you will camp tonight.'"
4 So Joshua called the twelve men whom he had appointed from the children of Israel, one man from each tribe.

Jos.4.4 - Details

Original Text

ויקרא יהושע אל־ שנים העשר איש אשר הכין מבני ישראל איש־ אחד איש־ אחד משבט׃

Morphology

  • ויקרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • העשר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הכין: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מבני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • משבט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Numbers 1:44-46 (verbal): Both passages record the appointment of one leader/representative from each tribe of Israel—language and function (one man from each tribe) are closely parallel.
  • Joshua 4:2-7 (structural): Immediate context: God’s command to select twelve men to take twelve stones from the Jordan explains why Joshua ‘called the twelve men’—direct structural continuation of the same episode.
  • Exodus 18:21-22 (thematic): Jethro’s instruction that capable men be appointed as leaders/judges over the people parallels the practice of selecting representatives or officials from the community to carry out public duties.
  • 1 Chronicles 27:16-22 (verbal): Lists tribal chiefs/men appointed to administrative duties—reflects the wider biblical pattern of designating one principal man from each tribe for leadership/organizational roles.
  • Revelation 21:12 (thematic): Uses the motif of ‘twelve’ corresponding to Israel’s twelve tribes (gates named for the tribes), echoing the symbolic function of twelve representatives as embodying the whole people.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Then Joshua called the twelve men whom he had appointed from the children of Israel, one man from each tribe.
  • So Joshua called the twelve men whom he had appointed from the people of Israel, one man from each tribe.
5 And Joshua said to them, "Cross before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and each of you take up a stone on his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel,

Jos.4.5 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר להם יהושע עברו לפני ארון יהוה אלהיכם אל־ תוך הירדן והרימו לכם איש אבן אחת על־ שכמו למספר שבטי בני־ ישראל׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עברו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • לפני: PREP
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • תוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והרימו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אבן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אחת: NUM,f,sg
  • על: PREP
  • שכמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • למספר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שבטי: NOUN,m,pl,con
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Joshua 4:8-9 (verbal): Direct continuation of the same episode: the men take twelve stones from the Jordan and set them up at Gilgal as memorials — repeats the instruction and action of v.5.
  • Joshua 4:20-24 (structural): Explanation and theological interpretation of the memorial stones: they are set up to remind future generations how God dried up the Jordan and acted on Israel’s behalf.
  • Deuteronomy 27:2-3 (thematic): Instruction to set up large stones on Mount Ebal and coat them with plaster as a public, covenantal witness — parallels the use of stones as a communal memorial/witness to God’s acts and the law.
  • 1 Samuel 7:12 (thematic): Samuel sets up a stone named Ebenezer as a memorial of God’s help in victory — similar practice of erecting a stone to commemorate divine intervention.
  • Genesis 28:18-22 (thematic): Jacob sets up a stone pillar and consecrates it as a memorial after his vision, vows, and recognition of God’s presence — comparable use of stones as markers of divine encounters and promises.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua said to them, “Cross over before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and each of you take up a stone upon his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel,
  • And he said to them, "Pass on before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and each of you take up a stone on his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the people of Israel.
6 that this may be a sign among you; when your children ask in time to come, saying, ‘What do these stones mean to you?’

Jos.4.6 - Details

Original Text

למען תהיה זאת אות בקרבכם כי־ ישאלון בניכם מחר לאמר מה האבנים האלה לכם׃

Morphology

  • למען: PREP
  • תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • אות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • בקרבכם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,const+PRON,2,pl,m
  • כי: CONJ
  • ישאלון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בניכם: NOUN,m,pl,const+2mp
  • מחר: ADV
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • מה: PRON,int
  • האבנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • האלה: DEM,pl
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Josh.4.7 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same episode: repeats the purpose clause and the anticipated question of future children—same wording and intent to make the stones a sign.
  • Josh.4.21-24 (structural): Narrative development of the same motif: the stones are set up, Joshua explains their purpose, and the event is declared so future generations will ask and learn about Yahweh’s crossing.
  • Deut.6.20-25 (verbal): Explicit legal/ethical parallel: instructs parents how to answer when a son asks about commandments and deeds of God—uses the same formula 'when your son asks' as a prompt for intergenerational instruction.
  • Exod.12.26-27 (verbal): Passover precedent where parents are told to explain the rite when children ask, using a similar prompt of a child's question to trigger recounting God’s saving acts.
  • Ps.78.4,6-7 (thematic): Psalmist frames the duty to teach coming generations about God’s works so 'children yet unborn' may know—same theme of memorials/stories provoking questions and instructing the next generation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • that this may be a sign among you; when your children ask in time to come, ‘What do these stones mean to you?’
  • That this may be a sign among you: when your children ask in time to come, saying, 'What are these stones to you?'
7 then you shall tell them that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. And these stones shall be for a memorial to the children of Israel forever."

Jos.4.7 - Details

Original Text

ואמרתם להם אשר נכרתו מימי הירדן מפני ארון ברית־ יהוה בעברו בירדן נכרתו מי הירדן והיו האבנים האלה לזכרון לבני ישראל עד־ עולם׃

Morphology

  • ואמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • נכרתו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מימי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מפני: PREP
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ברית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • בעברו: PREP+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בירדן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • נכרתו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • האבנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • האלה: DEM,pl
  • לזכרון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לבני: PREP
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עד: PREP
  • עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Exodus 13:8 (verbal): Directly parallels the instruction to tell one's children about God's saving acts ('and you shall tell your son...')—same pedagogical formula as Joshua 4:7.
  • Deuteronomy 6:20-25 (thematic): Gives the covenantal pattern for answering children's questions about God's deeds and commandments—frames communal memory and instruction across generations.
  • Genesis 28:18-22 (thematic): Jacob sets up a stone as a memorial after a theophany; similar use of a stone as a lasting sign commemorating divine encounter.
  • 1 Samuel 7:12 (thematic): Samuel sets up the Ebenezer stone and names it 'Thus far the LORD has helped us,' paralleling Joshua's memorial stones marking divine intervention.
  • Psalm 78:4-7 (thematic): Emphasizes telling the next generation about God's works so they will not forget—echoes Joshua's purpose for the stones as a teaching memorial.

Alternative generated candidates

  • then you shall tell your children that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it crossed over the Jordan the waters of the Jordan were cut off. And these stones shall be to the children of Israel a memorial forever.”
  • then you shall tell them that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD when it passed over the Jordan; the waters of the Jordan were cut off. And these stones shall be a memorial to the people of Israel for ever.'"
8 So the children of Israel did as Joshua commanded: they took up twelve stones out of the midst of the Jordan, as the LORD had spoken to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel, and carried them to the camp, where they laid them down.

Jos.4.8 - Details

Original Text

ויעשו־ כן בני־ ישראל כאשר צוה יהושע וישאו שתי־ עשרה אבנים מתוך הירדן כאשר דבר יהוה אל־ יהושע למספר שבטי בני־ ישראל ויעברום עמם אל־ המלון וינחום שם׃

Morphology

  • ויעשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כן: ADV
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וישאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שתי: NUM,card,f,du
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • אבנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • מתוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • למספר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שבטי: NOUN,m,pl,con
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויעברום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • עמם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • המלון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • וינחום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שם: ADV

Parallels

  • Josh.4.3-7 (verbal): The command to take twelve stones from the Jordan and its stated purpose (one stone for each tribe) is given here — the immediate instruction that Josh 4:8 says the people obeyed.
  • Josh.4.9 (verbal): Narrative continuation: the stones are carried to the camp at Gilgal and set down there, repeating and completing the action described in v.8.
  • Josh.4.20-24 (structural): Explanation of the memorial’s purpose: the stones serve as a sign so future generations will ask and learn how God acted in bringing Israel across the Jordan.
  • Deut.27.2-8 (thematic): Instruction to set up stones on Mount Ebal and inscribe the law so the people will hear and remember — a legal/communal use of standing stones as mnemonic and covenantal markers.
  • 1 Sam.7.12 (thematic): Samuel sets up a memorial stone (Ebenezer) after deliverance from the Philistines — both passages use stones as commemorative monuments marking God’s saving acts.

Alternative generated candidates

  • So the children of Israel did as Joshua commanded and took up twelve stones from the midst of the Jordan, as the LORD had spoken to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel, and carried them to the lodging place and laid them down there.
  • So the people of Israel did as Joshua commanded; they took up twelve stones out of the midst of the Jordan, as the LORD had spoken to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the people of Israel, and carried them over with them to the camp and laid them there.
9 And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests stood; and they are there to this day.

Jos.4.9 - Details

Original Text

ושתים עשרה אבנים הקים יהושע בתוך הירדן תחת מצב רגלי הכהנים נשאי ארון הברית ויהיו שם עד היום הזה׃

Morphology

  • ושתים: NUM,f,pl,abs
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • אבנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • הקים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בתוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • תחת: PREP
  • מצב: VERB,pual,ptcp,-,m,sg
  • רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הברית: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ויהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • שם: ADV
  • עד: PREP
  • היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg

Parallels

  • Joshua 4:6–7 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same episode explaining why the twelve stones were taken from the Jordan — similar wording about the stones serving as a sign to the Israelites.
  • Joshua 4:20–24 (structural): Repetition and theological summary later in the chapter that recounts the erection of the stones and explains their purpose for future generations.
  • Genesis 28:18–22 (thematic): Jacob sets up a stone pillar as a memorial after a decisive encounter with God; both passages use stones as permanent commemorations of divine action.
  • 1 Samuel 7:12 (thematic): Samuel sets up the Ebenezer (‘stone of help’) to mark God’s aid in victory — like Joshua’s stones, a physical memorial to recall God’s saving act.
  • Deuteronomy 27:2–8 (thematic): Instructions to set up stones and write the law on them on Mount Ebal as a public memorial — comparable practice of erecting stones to witness covenantal/communal memory.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the priests’ feet stood; and they are there to this day.
  • And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, at the place where the priests' feet stood; and they are there to this day.
10 Now the priests who bore the ark stood firm in the midst of the Jordan until everything was finished that the LORD had commanded Joshua to speak to the people, as Moses had commanded Joshua; and the people hurried and passed over.

Jos.4.10 - Details

Original Text

והכהנים נשאי הארון עמדים בתוך הירדן עד תם כל־ הדבר אשר־ צוה יהוה את־ יהושע לדבר אל־ העם ככל אשר־ צוה משה את־ יהושע וימהרו העם ויעברו׃

Morphology

  • והכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • הארון: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עמדים: VERB,qal,part,3,m,pl
  • בתוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עד: PREP
  • תם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לדבר: INF,qal
  • אל: NEG
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ככל: PREP
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וימהרו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ויעברו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Josh.3:15-17 (verbal): Same episode earlier: priests carrying the ark stand in the Jordan while the people cross; closely parallel wording and sequence.
  • Josh.4:18 (structural): Immediate summary/conclusion of the same event — the priests came up from the Jordan and the waters returned to their place, completing the crossing.
  • Exod.14:21-22 (thematic): Crossing of the sea on dry ground under divine intervention; parallels motif of a miraculous river-crossing inaugurating Israel’s covenantal life.
  • Deut.34:9 (allusion): Describes Joshua’s investiture with Moses’ authority and spirit of wisdom, providing the leadership continuity behind Joshua’s commands mentioned in Josh 4:10.
  • 1 Chr.15:13-15 (thematic): Prescribes priests/Levites bearing the ark and ministering before it; parallels the role of the priests carrying the ark into the Jordan in Joshua 4:10.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The priests who bore the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan until everything was finished that the LORD had commanded Joshua to speak to the people; and the people hastened and passed over.
  • The priests who bore the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan until everything was finished that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak to the people, as Moses had commanded Joshua; and the people hurried and passed over.
11 When all the people had finished crossing, the ark of the LORD and the priests passed on before the people.

Jos.4.11 - Details

Original Text

ויהי כאשר־ תם כל־ העם לעבור ויעבר ארון־ יהוה והכהנים לפני העם׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • תם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לעבור: VERB,qal,inf
  • ויעבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • והכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • לפני: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:3 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same episode: the command about the ark going before the people and priests leading the crossing.
  • Numbers 10:33-34 (verbal): Very similar wording: the ark of the covenant went before Israel in their journeys, echoing the motif of the ark leading the people.
  • 2 Samuel 6:12-15 (thematic): Depicts the ark being transported amid a national procession and the priests' role in conveying God’s presence into the community (bringing the ark to Jerusalem).
  • Exodus 13:21-22 (thematic): Portrays God’s presence (pillar of cloud/fire) going before Israel as a guide—a broader theme of divine presence leading the people into a promised or safe place.
  • 1 Samuel 4:3-11 (allusion): Records the ark being carried into battle and moved among the people; contrasts uses and consequences of moving the ark but underlines the motif of the ark’s movement among Israel.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And when all the people had finished passing over, the ark of the LORD passed over before them.
  • When all the people had finished crossing, the ark of the LORD passed over before them, with the priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD.
12 And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over armed before the people, as Moses had charged them.

Jos.4.12 - Details

Original Text

ויעברו בני־ ראובן ובני־ גד וחצי שבט המנשה חמשים לפני בני ישראל כאשר דבר אליהם משה׃

Morphology

  • ויעברו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ראובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובני: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • גד: NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • וחצי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שבט: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • המנשה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • חמשים: NUM,card,pl
  • לפני: PREP
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Numbers 32:20-27 (verbal): Moses' original condition that the tribes of Reuben, Gad and half-Manasseh must cross over armed before Israel into battle and then return to possess the land — the direct precedent for Joshua 4:12's language and obligation.
  • Joshua 1:12-15 (structural): Joshua recalls the same agreement and instructs the trans-Jordanian tribes to fulfill their vow by crossing before the people until the land is subdued, a close narrative parallel within the Joshua account.
  • Deuteronomy 3:18-20 (thematic): Moses' allocation of cities to Reuben, Gad and half-Manasseh on the east of the Jordan, coupled with the requirement that they help the other tribes militarily before settling, provides the legal/thematic background for Joshua 4:12.
  • 1 Chronicles 5:19-22 (thematic): The Chronicler's summary of the trans-Jordanian tribes' military activity and role in Israel's wars echoes the tradition that Reuben, Gad and half-Manasseh fought on Israel's behalf and then returned to their allotted territories.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The children of Reuben, the children of Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over in front of the children of Israel, as Moses had commanded them.
  • The sons of Reuben, the sons of Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over in front of the people, as Moses had spoken to them.
13 About forty thousand prepared for battle crossed over before the LORD to the plains of Jericho.

Jos.4.13 - Details

Original Text

כארבעים אלף חלוצי הצבא עברו לפני יהוה למלחמה אל ערבות יריחו׃

Morphology

  • כארבעים: NUM,m,pl,abs
  • אלף: NUM,m,sg
  • חלוצי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • הצבא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עברו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
  • לפני: PREP
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • למלחמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • ערבות: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • יריחו: NOUN,m,sg,cstr

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:14-17 (structural): Same crossing scene: priests/ark and the people pass the Jordan opposite Jericho; provides the immediate structural context for the armed men who follow 'before the LORD.'
  • Joshua 4:10-12 (verbal): Immediate context in the chapter: repeats the language of the ark and priests passing and explicitly states the people and the armed men passed over — directly parallels the phrasing of 4:13.
  • Joshua 6:2-5 (thematic): Instructions for the battle of Jericho: army movement and the central role of the ark/priestly procession in the forthcoming fight, thematically linked to the armed host moving 'before the LORD' toward Jericho.
  • Deuteronomy 20:1-4 (thematic): Legal exhortation for warfare stressing God's presence with Israel's army ('for the LORD your God is with you'), paralleling the theological idea of the host advancing 'before the LORD' into battle.
  • 1 Chronicles 12:23-40 (thematic): Lists of numerous armed men who join David’s cause emphasize mobilization of fighting forces and the motif of large numbers of warriors assembling under a leader, analogous to the 'about forty thousand' armed for war in Joshua 4:13.

Alternative generated candidates

  • About forty thousand chosen for battle crossed over before the LORD to the plains of Jericho.
  • About forty thousand armed for battle crossed over before the LORD to the plains of Jericho for warfare.
14 That day the LORD exalted Joshua in the sight of all Israel, and they revered him as they had revered Moses all the days of his life.

Jos.4.14 - Details

Original Text

ביום ההוא גדל יהוה את־ יהושע בעיני כל־ ישראל ויראו אתו כאשר יראו את־ משה כל־ ימי חייו׃

Morphology

  • ביום: PREP
  • ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
  • גדל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בעיני: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • כל: DET
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויראו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • יראו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • חייו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 34:9 (verbal): Explicitly links Joshua’s authority to Moses’ laying on of hands and states that the Israelites hearkened to Joshua—paralleling Josh 4:14’s note that Israel respected Joshua as they had Moses.
  • Numbers 27:18-23 (structural): God instructs Moses to lay hands on Joshua and set him before Eleazar and the congregation—an institutional transfer of leadership that underlies the exaltation of Joshua described in Josh 4:14.
  • Joshua 1:16-18 (verbal): The people pledge to obey Joshua exactly as they did Moses, echoing Josh 4:14’s claim that Israel viewed and feared Joshua as they had Moses.
  • Judges 2:7 (thematic): Reports that the people served the LORD throughout Joshua’s lifetime and the elders who knew the works of the LORD—reflecting the continuity of leadership and the people’s ongoing allegiance after Joshua’s rise in Josh 4:14.

Alternative generated candidates

  • On that day the LORD magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel, and they stood in awe of him, as they had stood in awe of Moses all the days of his life.
  • On that day the LORD exalted Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they feared him, as they had feared Moses, all his days.
15 And the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,

Jos.4.15 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יהוה אל־ יהושע לאמר׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc

Parallels

  • Josh.1.1 (verbal): Same formulaic announcement—'And the LORD said unto Joshua'—marking divine speech to Joshua at a transition of leadership and mission.
  • Josh.3.7 (verbal): Earlier instance where the exact phrase introduces God's instructions to Joshua about the Jordan crossing—closely parallel in wording and function.
  • Num.27.18 (thematic): God directs Moses concerning Joshua's appointment ('Take Joshua...and lay thine hand upon him'), a prior commissioning that undergirds the commands God gives Joshua in Joshua.
  • Exod.3.10 (thematic): Divine commissioning of a leader to deliver Israel ('Come, I will send thee to Pharaoh')—parallel in theme of God speaking directly to appoint and instruct a leader for salvific action.
  • Deut.31.14 (allusion): God's words to Moses about the imminent transfer and future leadership (including references to Joshua) echo the pattern of divine speech framing leadership transition found in Joshua 4:15.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the LORD said to Joshua, “Command the priests who bear the ark of the testimony to come up out of the Jordan.”
  • And the LORD said to Joshua, "Command the priests who bear the ark of the testimony to come up out of the Jordan."
16 "Command the priests who bear the ark of the covenant to come up out of the Jordan."

Jos.4.16 - Details

Original Text

צוה את־ הכהנים נשאי ארון העדות ויעלו מן־ הירדן׃

Morphology

  • צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • העדות: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ויעלו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מן: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:17 (verbal): Nearly identical description of the priests carrying the ark standing on dry ground in the middle of the Jordan — same event and wording repeated earlier in the narrative.
  • Joshua 4:10–11 (structural): Immediate narrative context: other verses in ch.4 recount the priests emerging from the Jordan and Israel crossing, providing parallel details of the same action.
  • Deuteronomy 10:8 (allusion): Background law/role: states that the LORD set apart the Levites to carry the ark, giving legal/ritual rationale for priests/Levites bearing the ark as described in Joshua.
  • 2 Samuel 6:3–4 (thematic): Movement of the ark by designated personnel: depicts the transport of the ark (here by Levites/men of Israel) and the religious significance and care surrounding its movement — thematic parallel about relocating the ark.
  • 1 Kings 8:3–6 (structural): Priests and Levites carrying the ark when bringing it into the temple; structurally comparable scene of priestly transport and placement of the ark in a central cultic setting.

Alternative generated candidates

  • So Joshua commanded the priests, “Come up out of the Jordan.”
  • So Joshua commanded the priests, "Come up out of the Jordan."
17 So Joshua commanded the priests, "Come up out of the Jordan."

Jos.4.17 - Details

Original Text

ויצו יהושע את־ הכהנים לאמר עלו מן־ הירדן׃

Morphology

  • ויצו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • עלו: PREP+3ms_suff
  • מן: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:17 (verbal): Same crossing episode: priests bearing the Ark stand in the Jordan until the people have crossed and then come up — closely parallel language and action.
  • Joshua 4:10-11 (structural): Immediate context of the same scene; describes the priests remaining in the Jordan while the nation passed and the timing for their coming up.
  • 2 Samuel 6:2-11 (thematic): David commands the moving/‘bringing up’ of the Ark; parallels the leader’s instruction concerning the priests and the Ark’s movement (similar verb/idea of ‘bringing up’).
  • 1 Chronicles 15:11-15 (structural): David gives explicit orders to the Levites/priestly leaders to bring up the Ark to Jerusalem — a comparable command to priestly personnel about moving the Ark.
  • 1 Kings 8:1-2 (thematic): Solomon assembles the elders and brings up the Ark into the temple; thematically parallels the transfer of the Ark and the authoritative command to move it to its place.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When the priests who bore the ark came up out of the midst of the Jordan, the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up on dry ground, and the waters returned and ran down and went over all their banks as before.
  • And when the priests who bore the ark came up out of the midst of the Jordan, and the soles of their feet were lifted up on dry ground, the waters returned to their place and went over, as before, all its banks.
18 And it came to pass, when the priests who bore the ark came up out of the midst of the Jordan, and the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up onto dry land, that the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and went on, as before, over all its banks.

Jos.4.18 - Details

Original Text

ויהי כעלות הכהנים נשאי ארון ברית־ יהוה מתוך הירדן נתקו כפות רגלי הכהנים אל החרבה וישבו מי־ הירדן למקומם וילכו כתמול־ שלשום על־ כל־ גדותיו׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • כעלות: PREP
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • נשאי: NOUN,m,pl,const
  • ארון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ברית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • מתוך: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • נתקו: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,pl
  • כפות: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • אל: NEG
  • החרבה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • וישבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • למקומם: PREP
  • וילכו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • כתמול: ADV
  • שלשום: ADV
  • על: PREP
  • כל: DET
  • גדותיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:15-17 (structural): Same narrative account of the Jordan crossing: when the priests' feet touched the river the waters stopped and the people passed on dry ground; Joshua 4:18 recounts the priests coming up and the waters returning.
  • Exodus 14:21-27 (thematic): The crossing of the Red Sea: God miraculously holds back waters while Israel passes and then returns them against the Egyptians—parallel motif of divine control of waters for Israel's deliverance.
  • Psalm 114:3-7 (allusion): Poetic retelling of Israel's exodus imagery: 'Why did the sea flee... and Jordan turn back?'—alludes to the stopping/turning back of waters associated with Israel's crossing traditions.
  • Psalm 78:13-15 (verbal): Royal/ledtradition recounting: 'He split the sea and made them pass through; He made the waters stand like a heap'—verbal and thematic echo of waters being stopped to allow passage.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and they camped at Gilgal on the east border of Jericho.
  • The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month and camped at Gilgal on the east border of Jericho.
19 The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and they encamped in Gilgal on the east border of Jericho.

Jos.4.19 - Details

Original Text

והעם עלו מן־ הירדן בעשור לחדש הראשון ויחנו בגלגל בקצה מזרח יריחו׃

Morphology

  • והעם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
  • עלו: PREP+3ms_suff
  • מן: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בעשור: PREP+NUM,ord,m,sg,abs
  • לחדש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הראשון: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • ויחנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • בגלגל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בקצה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מזרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יריחו: NOUN,m,sg,cstr

Parallels

  • Joshua 5:9 (thematic): After the crossing and encampment at Gilgal, the narrator explicitly links Gilgal with the removal of Israel’s reproach—continuing the narrative begun in Josh 4 about arrival and settlement.
  • Joshua 5:10 (thematic): Reports Israel keeping the Passover at Gilgal soon after the crossing, tying the date and location (Gilgal) of Josh 4:19 into the ritual events that follow.
  • Exodus 12:3 (verbal): Uses the same calendrical phrase—'take a lamb on the tenth day of the first month'—showing the significance of the tenth of the first month as a dated marker in Israel’s tradition.
  • Numbers 33:49 (structural): In the itinerary of Israel’s encampments, this verse situates the campings near Jericho by the Jordan—parallel geographic/chronological material to Josh 4:19.
  • Judges 2:1 (allusion): Mentions the angel of the LORD coming up from Gilgal to Bochim, presupposing Gilgal as an established focal campsite following the conquest narrative in Joshua.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And those twelve stones which they took out of the Jordan Joshua set up in Gilgal.
  • And those twelve stones which they took out of the Jordan Joshua set up in Gilgal.
20 And those twelve stones which they took out of the Jordan Joshua set up in Gilgal.

Jos.4.20 - Details

Original Text

ואת שתים עשרה האבנים האלה אשר לקחו מן־ הירדן הקים יהושע בגלגל׃

Morphology

  • ואת: CONJ
  • שתים: NUM,f,pl,abs
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • האבנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • האלה: DEM,pl
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • לקחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • מן: PREP
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הקים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהושע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בגלגל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Josh.4.6-7 (structural): Immediate context explaining that the twelve stones were to be a sign for Israel and a memorial for future generations.
  • 1 Sam.7.12 (thematic): Samuel sets up a stone called Ebenezer as a memorial of divine help—parallel motif of erecting a stone to commemorate God's saving action.
  • Gen.28.18-22 (thematic): Jacob sets a stone pillar at Bethel as a marker and vow-place, reflecting the ancient practice of using stones as sacred memorials.
  • Deut.27.2-8 (structural): Command to set up stones on Mount Ebal and inscribe the law—another instance of stones serving as covenantal witnesses and public reminders.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joshua spoke to the children of Israel, saying, “When your children ask their fathers in time to come, ‘What mean these stones?’
  • And he said to the people of Israel, "When your children ask their fathers in time to come, saying, 'What are these stones?'
21 Then Joshua said to the children of Israel, "When your children ask their fathers in time to come, saying, ‘What do these stones mean?’

Jos.4.21 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אל־ בני ישראל לאמר אשר ישאלון בניכם מחר את־ אבותם לאמר מה האבנים האלה׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • ישאלון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בניכם: NOUN,m,pl,const+2mp
  • מחר: ADV
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אבותם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • מה: PRON,int
  • האבנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • האלה: DEM,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 4:6 (verbal): Nearly identical wording earlier in the narrative: the people are told that in time to come their children will ask about these stones.
  • Joshua 4:24 (thematic): Gives the purpose for the stones—so that all peoples and future generations will know the hand of the LORD—continuation of the same explanatory motif.
  • Exodus 12:26-27 (verbal): Uses the same formula—'when your children ask'—instructing parents to explain the meaning of the Passover observance to their children.
  • Deuteronomy 6:20-25 (verbal): Provides an explicit paradigm for responding 'when your son asks' about the statutes and signs, framing how to teach the next generation the meaning of covenantal practices.
  • Psalm 78:4-7 (thematic): Calls for telling the next generation the mighty works of God so children will learn and trust—same concern for instructing descendants about divine acts and signs.

Alternative generated candidates

  • you shall tell your children that Israel crossed this Jordan on dry ground.
  • then you shall tell your children, 'Israel passed over this Jordan on dry ground;'
22 you shall let your children know, saying, ‘Israel crossed this Jordan on dry ground;

Jos.4.22 - Details

Original Text

והודעתם את־ בניכם לאמר ביבשה עבר ישראל את־ הירדן הזה׃

Morphology

  • והודעתם: VERB,hifil,perf,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • בניכם: NOUN,m,pl,const+2mp
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • ביבשה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • עבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg

Parallels

  • Exod.14.22 (verbal): Reports an earlier Israelite crossing 'on dry ground' (the Sea), echoing the dry crossing formula used here for the Jordan.
  • Josh.3.17 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same narrative: the priests carrying the ark stood on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan—same event described from another moment.
  • Josh.4.6-7 (structural): Explains the purpose of the stones and the sign—to be told to your children—directly parallels the injunction to inform future generations in 4:22.
  • Deut.4.9-10 (thematic): Mandates recounting God's mighty acts to children so they will know/serve God—the broader legal/theological precedent for instructing descendants cited in Josh 4:22.
  • Ps.78.5-7 (thematic): Psalmist summons the people to tell coming generations the works of the LORD so they will not forget—echoes the didactic purpose of remembering the Jordan crossing.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan from before you until you had crossed, as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea when he dried it up before us until we had crossed,
  • for the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan before you until you had crossed over, as the LORD your God did to the Sea of Reeds, which he dried up before us until we crossed over.
23 for the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan before you until you had crossed, as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea, which he dried up before us until we had crossed,

Jos.4.23 - Details

Original Text

אשר־ הוביש יהוה אלהיכם את־ מי הירדן מפניכם עד־ עברכם כאשר עשה יהוה אלהיכם לים־ סוף אשר־ הוביש מפנינו עד־ עברנו׃

Morphology

  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הוביש: VERB,hiph,perf,3,ms
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • מי: PRON,interr,sg
  • הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מפניכם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+SUF,2,m,pl
  • עד: PREP
  • עברכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,mp
  • כאשר: CONJ
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
  • לים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • סוף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הוביש: VERB,hiph,perf,3,ms
  • מפנינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
  • עד: PREP
  • עברנו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl

Parallels

  • Joshua 3:17 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel: describes the priests standing in the Jordan and the waters piling up so the people could cross—part of the same crossing episode.
  • Exodus 14:21-22 (allusion): The original Red Sea crossing: God parts/drys the sea so Israel passes through—Joshua 4:23 explicitly compares the Jordan miracle to this event.
  • Psalm 114:3-4 (verbal): Poetic echo: 'The sea saw and fled; Jordan turned back'—uses the same imagery of waters fleeing before Yahweh's power.
  • Isaiah 51:10 (allusion): Prophetic remembrance: speaks of God drying up the sea and making a way through deep waters, invoking the same motif of divine control over waters for Israel's deliverance.
  • Psalm 106:9 (thematic): Historical thanksgiving recounting God rebuking the Red Sea and making it dry—reinforces the theme of salvation through Yahweh's mastery of waters.

Alternative generated candidates

  • that all the peoples of the earth may know the hand of the LORD, that it is mighty; and that you may fear the LORD your God forever.”
  • That all the peoples of the earth may know the hand of the LORD, that it is mighty, and that you may fear the LORD your God all your days."
24 that all the peoples of the earth may know the hand of the LORD, that it is mighty, and that you may fear the LORD your God all your days.’"

Jos.4.24 - Details

Original Text

למען דעת כל־ עמי הארץ את־ יד יהוה כי חזקה היא למען יראתם את־ יהוה אלהיכם כל־ הימים׃

Morphology

  • למען: PREP
  • דעת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כל: DET
  • עמי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1s
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • חזקה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
  • היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
  • למען: PREP
  • יראתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
  • כל: DET
  • הימים: NOUN,m,pl,def

Parallels

  • Isaiah 52:10 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD’s 'arm' being revealed and all the ends of the earth seeing—parallel language to Joshua’s 'hand of the LORD' made known to all peoples.
  • Deuteronomy 4:6 (thematic): Commands Israel’s covenant obedience to serve as a testimony before the nations so that they recognize Israel’s wisdom and, implicitly, the reality of the LORD—similar purpose of making God known to other peoples.
  • Jeremiah 16:21 (verbal): God declares He will 'make them know' His power and might so they will know that He is the LORD—closely echoes Joshua’s intent that all peoples know the LORD’s mighty hand.
  • Psalm 96:3 (thematic): Calls to 'declare His glory among the nations' and 'show His marvelous works among all the peoples,' reflecting Joshua’s motive of public testimony to bring nations to know/fear God.

Alternative generated candidates

  • For by strength of his hand the LORD will accomplish this for you; and by his mighty hand you shall inhabit the land he gives you.

And Joshua rose early in the morning; and they moved from Shittim and came to the Jordan—he and all the people of Israel—and lodged there before they crossed. And it came to pass at the end of three days that the officers passed through the camp. And they commanded the people, saying, "When you see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, and the priests the Levites bearing it, then you shall set out from your places and follow it. But there shall be a distance between you and the ark—about two thousand cubits; do not come near it—so that you may know the way you shall go, for you have not passed this way before." And Joshua said to the people, "Sanctify yourselves, for tomorrow the LORD will do wonders among you." And Joshua said to the priests, "Take up the ark of the covenant and pass on before the people." So the priests took up the ark of the covenant and went before the people. And the LORD said to Joshua, "This day I will begin to exalt you in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that, as I was with Moses, so I will be with you.

You shall command the priests who bear the ark of the covenant, saying, ‘When you come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, you shall stand still in the Jordan.’"

Then Joshua said to the people, "Come here, and hear the words of the LORD your God." And Joshua said, "By this you shall know that the living God is among you: behold, the ark of the covenant of the LORD of all the earth will go before you into the Jordan. Now therefore take twelve men from the tribes of Israel, one man from each tribe. And it shall be that when the soles of the feet of the priests who bear the ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth, rest in the waters of the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off from flowing, and the waters which come down from above shall stand in one heap." So it came to pass, when the people moved from their tents to pass over the Jordan, and the priests who bore the ark went before the people,

that as those who bore the ark came to the Jordan, and the feet of the priests who bore the ark dipped in the edge of the water (for the Jordan overflowed all its banks during the whole time of harvest),

the waters which came down from above stood and rose up in one heap very far away, at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those that flowed toward the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were cut off. So the people crossed opposite Jericho. And the priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan until everything that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak to the people was finished; and the people crossed over on dry ground until all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan.

The priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood in the middle of the Jordan until the time had been completed, and all Israel crossed over on dry ground to the plains of Jericho. And it came to pass, when all the nation had finished passing over the Jordan, that the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,

"Take for yourselves twelve men from the people, one man from each tribe. And command them, saying, ‘Take up twelve stones from here out of the midst of the Jordan, from where the priests’ feet stood, and carry them with you and lay them down in the lodging place where you will lodge tonight.’" So Joshua called the twelve men whom he had appointed from the children of Israel, one man from each tribe. And Joshua said to them, "Cross before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and each of you take up a stone on his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel,

that this may be a sign among you; when your children ask in time to come, saying, ‘What do these stones mean to you?’

then you shall tell them that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. And these stones shall be for a memorial to the children of Israel forever." So the children of Israel did as Joshua commanded: they took up twelve stones out of the midst of the Jordan, as the LORD had spoken to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel, and carried them to the camp, where they laid them down. And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests stood; and they are there to this day. Now the priests who bore the ark stood firm in the midst of the Jordan until everything was finished that the LORD had commanded Joshua to speak to the people, as Moses had commanded Joshua; and the people hurried and passed over.

When all the people had finished crossing, the ark of the LORD and the priests passed on before the people. And the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over armed before the people, as Moses had charged them.

About forty thousand prepared for battle crossed over before the LORD to the plains of Jericho.

That day the LORD exalted Joshua in the sight of all Israel, and they revered him as they had revered Moses all the days of his life. And the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,

"Command the priests who bear the ark of the covenant to come up out of the Jordan." So Joshua commanded the priests, "Come up out of the Jordan." And it came to pass, when the priests who bore the ark came up out of the midst of the Jordan, and the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up onto dry land, that the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and went on, as before, over all its banks.

The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and they encamped in Gilgal on the east border of Jericho. And those twelve stones which they took out of the Jordan Joshua set up in Gilgal.

Then Joshua said to the children of Israel, "When your children ask their fathers in time to come, saying, ‘What do these stones mean?’

you shall let your children know, saying, ‘Israel crossed this Jordan on dry ground;

for the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan before you until you had crossed, as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea, which he dried up before us until we had crossed,

that all the peoples of the earth may know the hand of the LORD, that it is mighty, and that you may fear the LORD your God all your days.’"