Appeal for Unity in the Church
1 Corinthians 1:10-17
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1Cor.1.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Παρακαλω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- δε: CONJ
- υμας: PRON,acc,pl,2
- αδελφοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- δια: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ονοματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ινα: CONJ
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- αυτο: PRON,acc,sg,neut
- λεγητε: VERB,pres,act,subj,2,pl
- παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- μη: PART
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- σχισματα: NOUN,nom,pl,n
- ητε: VERB,impf,act,ind,2,pl
- δε: CONJ
- κατηρτισμενοι: PTCP,perf,pass,nom,pl,m
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- νοι: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- αυτη: PRON,dat,sg,f
- γνωμη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
Parallels
- John 17:20-23 (thematic): Jesus prays that his followers may be one, united as he and the Father are one—same theme of Christian unity and concord.
- Ephesians 4:3-6 (structural): Paul urges preservation of the 'unity of the Spirit' and lists the oneness of body, Spirit, Lord, faith, baptism, and God—doctrinal basis for avoiding divisions.
- Philippians 2:2 (verbal): Paul exhorts believers to 'be of the same mind' and have the same love—language and concern mirror 1 Corinthians' appeal for like-mindedness.
- 2 Corinthians 13:11 (verbal): Paul's closing admonition includes 'be of one mind' and 'live in peace,' echoing the call in 1 Corinthians to harmony and lack of schism.
Alternative generated candidates
- I appeal to you, brothers, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ: that you all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be joined together in the same mind and in the same judgment.
- I appeal to you, brothers, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ: that you all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be perfectly united in the same mind and in the same judgment.
1Cor.1.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εδηλωθη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
- γαρ: PART
- μοι: PRON,dat,sg,1
- περι: PREP
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- αδελφοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- υπο: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Χλοης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- οτι: CONJ
- εριδες: NOUN,nom,pl,f
- εν: PREP
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- εισιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- 1Cor.1.10 (structural): Same immediate context: Paul responds to reports of division among the Corinthians by urging unity and that there be no divisions.
- 1Cor.3.3-4 (verbal): Same theme of quarrels and jealousy—Paul reproves the Corinthians for being 'of the flesh' and forming factions ('I follow Paul...I follow Apollos').
- 1Cor.11.18-19 (structural): Another report of divisions in the Corinthian congregation (concerning the Lord's Supper); Paul notes that factions exist and that judgment occurs so the faithful may be revealed.
- Rom.16.17 (thematic): Paul warns the Roman church to watch out for and avoid those who cause divisions and obstacles to the teaching they received—same pastoral concern about schism and false influence.
- Phil.4.2-3 (thematic): Paul exhorts two women in the Philippian church to agree and be reconciled, reflecting his pastoral method of addressing interpersonal quarrels within a congregation.
Alternative generated candidates
- For it has been reported to me by the household of Chloe that there are quarrels among you, my brothers.
- For it has been reported to me by the household of Chloe that there are quarrels among you.
1Cor.1.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- δε: CONJ
- τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- οτι: CONJ
- εκαστος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- λεγει·Εγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg + PRON,nom,sg,c
- μεν: PART
- ειμι: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- Παυλου: PROPN,gen,sg,m
- Εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- δε: CONJ
- Απολλω: PROPN,dat,sg,m
- Εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- δε: CONJ
- Κηφα: PROPN,dat,sg,m
- Εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- δε: CONJ
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 1 Cor 3:4-7 (verbal): Repeats and develops the same language about factions (‘one says, “I follow Paul,” another, “I follow Apollos”’) and criticizes human-minded division, stressing ministers as servants who plant and water while God gives growth.
- 1 Cor 3:21-23 (verbal): Directly addresses boasting in human leaders, naming Paul, Apollos, and Cephas and insisting believers belong to Christ—an explicit corrective to the factional claims in 1:12.
- Gal 5:26 (thematic): Warns against becoming conceited, provoking, and envying one another—ethical injunctions aimed at the same prideful, competitive behavior that produces party loyalty.
- Phil 1:15-18 (thematic): Notes that some preach Christ from rivalry or selfish ambition while others from goodwill; Paul’s attitude (rejoicing that Christ is proclaimed) addresses rivalrous motives behind attachments to particular leaders.
- Acts 18:24-28 (allusion): Background account of Apollos—an eloquent teacher active in Ephesus and later influential in Achaia—helps explain why some in Corinth might align themselves with Apollos as a leader.
Alternative generated candidates
- What I mean is this: each of you says, “I follow Paul,” or “I follow Apollos,” or “I follow Cephas” (that is, Peter), or “I follow Christ.”
- Now I mean this: each of you says, “I belong to Paul,” or “I belong to Apollos,” or “I belong to Cephas,” or “I belong to Christ.”
1Cor.1.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- μεμερισται: VERB,perf,mid/pass,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Χριστος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- μη: PART
- Παυλος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εσταυρωθη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
- υπερ: PREP
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ονομα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- Παυλου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εβαπτισθητε: VERB,aor,pass,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- 1 Cor.3.3-4 (thematic): Same issue of party spirit and identifying with human leaders ('I follow Paul' vs 'I follow Apollos'); develops the problem of divisions in the Corinthian church that 1:13 challenges.
- 1 Cor.3.21-23 (structural): Resolves the earlier rhetorical questions by asserting that all things belong to the believers and they belong to Christ, answering why allegiance to human leaders is misplaced.
- Gal.3.27 (verbal): Affirms baptism into Christ ('baptized into Christ'), directly countering the idea of being baptized into the name of a human leader.
- Rom.6.3-4 (thematic): Explains the theological meaning of baptism as union with Christ (his death and resurrection), reinforcing that baptism unites believers to Christ rather than to an individual minister.
- Acts 19.4-5 (verbal): Records baptism 'in the name of the Lord Jesus,' providing an NT example of baptism being associated with Christ's name rather than with an apostle's name.
Alternative generated candidates
- Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul?
- Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul?
1Cor.1.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ευχαριστω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- ουδενα: PRON,acc,sg,m
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- εβαπτισα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- μη: PART
- Κρισπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- Γαιον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Acts 18:8 (allusion): Narrates Crispus (the synagogue ruler) believing and being baptized in Corinth—provides background for Paul’s claim that he baptized Crispus there.
- 1 Corinthians 1:15 (structural): Immediate continuation of Paul’s point: he adds Stephanas’ household and emphasizes he baptized very few, underscoring his minimization of personal followings.
- 1 Corinthians 1:12 (thematic): Speaks of factional claims (“I follow Paul…Apollos…”)—the larger context explaining why Paul stresses how few he personally baptized.
- Romans 16:23 (allusion): Mentions a Gaius as Paul’s host (and of the whole church), likely the same Gaius Paul says he baptized, helping identify him in the early Christian network.
- John 4:2 (thematic): Notes that Jesus himself did not baptize but his disciples did—parallels the early practice and the issue of who performs baptisms, relevant to Paul’s effort to avoid leader-centered allegiance.
Alternative generated candidates
- I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius,
- I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius,
1Cor.1.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ινα: CONJ
- μη: PART
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,?
- ειπη: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- εμον: PRON,nom,sg,1
- ονομα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εβαπτισθητε·: VERB,aor,pass,ind,2,pl
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 1:12 (thematic): Same context of factionalism ('I am of Paul...'); verse sets up Paul's concern that divisions be traced to leaders, explaining why he speaks about who baptized whom.
- 1 Corinthians 1:14 (verbal): Paul explicitly states he baptized none of the Corinthians except Crispus — supports his claim in 1:15 that no one should say they were baptized 'in my name'.
- 1 Corinthians 1:16 (verbal): Paul adds that he baptized the household of Stephanas, again underscoring how limited his personal role in baptizing was and reinforcing 1:15's point.
- Acts 2:38 (verbal): Peter's command to 'be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ' connects to the issue of baptismal 'name' and shows New Testament practice of naming Christ in baptism.
- Matthew 28:19 (thematic): The Great Commission's baptismal formula ('in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit') provides a theological contrast to any claim of being baptized 'in my own name,' highlighting the proper locus of baptismal identity.
Alternative generated candidates
- so that no one may say you were baptized in my name.
- so that no one may say that you were baptized in my name.
1Cor.1.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εβαπτισα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- δε: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- Στεφανα: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- οικον·λοιπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- ουκ: PART,neg
- οιδα: VERB,perf,act,ind,1,sg
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- τινα: PRON,acc,sg,m
- αλλον: ADJ,acc,sg,m
- εβαπτισα: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 1:14 (verbal): Paul explicitly lists the few people he baptized (Crispus and Gaius) in the immediately preceding verses, framing v.16's statement about Stephanas' household as part of the same claim about his limited baptisms.
- 1 Corinthians 1:15 (structural): Continuation of the catalogue of individuals Paul baptized; v.15–16 form a unit contrasting his limited baptisms with the Corinthians' factional claims.
- 1 Corinthians 16:15 (allusion): Later reference to 'the household of Stephanas' who were the first converts in Achaia and devoted to ministry, corroborating the identity and significance of the household Paul says he baptized in 1:16.
- Acts 18:8 (thematic): Describes Crispus's faith and many Corinthians being baptized in Corinth; thematically linked to Paul's remark about whom he baptized (Crispus) and the broader context of baptisms in Corinth.
- Acts 16:15 (thematic): Lydia and her household are baptized in Philippi—an example of 'household' baptisms in Acts that parallels the mention of Stephanas' household being baptized in 1 Cor 1:16.
Alternative generated candidates
- (I also baptized the household of Stephanas; beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized any other.)
- (I also baptized the household of Stephanas; beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.)
1Cor.1.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ου: PART,neg
- γαρ: PART
- απεστειλεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- Χριστος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- βαπτιζειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- αλλα: CONJ
- ευαγγελιζεσθαι: VERB,pres,mid/pass,inf
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εν: PREP
- σοφια: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- λογου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ινα: CONJ
- μη: PART
- κενωθη: VERB,aor,pass,subj,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- σταυρος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 1Cor.1:14-16 (structural): Same chapter/context: Paul explicitly says he baptized very few, supporting his claim in 1:17 that he was not sent to baptize but to preach the gospel.
- 1Cor.2:1-5 (verbal): Repeats and develops the contrast with human eloquence—Paul insists he did not come with 'wisdom of words' but with the demonstration of the Spirit and power, echoing 1:17's language and purpose.
- Rom.1:16-17 (thematic): The gospel is described as the power of God for salvation, aligning with Paul’s concern in 1:17 to preach the gospel's divine power rather than rely on human wisdom that would 'empty' the cross.
- Gal.6:14 (thematic): Paul’s boast is ‘in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ,’ which parallels the emphasis in 1:17 that the cross must not be nullified by human wisdom or rhetorical strategies.
- 1Cor.1:23 (thematic): The proclamation of 'Christ crucified' as scandal/foolishness to different audiences connects directly to 1:17’s focus on the centrality and power of the cross in Paul’s preaching.
Alternative generated candidates
- For Christ did not send me to baptize but to proclaim the gospel, not with eloquent speech, so that the cross of Christ would not be emptied of its power.
- For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel—not with words of eloquent wisdom, lest the cross of Christ be emptied of its power.
I appeal to you, brothers, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ: that you all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be united in the same mind and in the same judgment.
For it has been reported to me by the household of Chloe that there are quarrels among you, my brothers.
Each of you says, “I belong to Paul,” or “I belong to Apollos,” or “I belong to Cephas,” or “I belong to Christ.”
Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul?
I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius,
so that no one may say you were baptized in my name.
(Yes—I also baptized the household of Stephanas. Beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.)
For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel—not with persuasive words of human wisdom, lest the cross of Christ be emptied of its power.