The Death of Joseph
Genesis 50:22-26
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Gen.50.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
- אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- ויחי: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- ועשר: CONJ+NUM,f,pl
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Gen.47:28 (verbal): Repeats the same statement — Joseph lived in Egypt with his father's household and was 110 years old (near-duplicate wording earlier in the narrative).
- Gen.50:26 (quotation): Closely related concluding verse that records Joseph's death at 110, his embalming and burial preparations — completes the life-span notice in 50:22.
- Gen.45:10–11 (thematic): Joseph summons Jacob and his family to Egypt and promises provision and settlement there, explaining why Joseph 'and his father's house' lived in Egypt.
- Exod.1:5 (thematic): Summarizes the descendants of Jacob who came to Egypt and explicitly notes Joseph's presence in Egypt — situates Israel’s residence in Egypt initiated under Joseph.
- Ps.105:17–22 (allusion): Retells key elements of Joseph’s story (sold, tested, exalted in Egypt) and underscores his role in bringing Jacob’s household into Egypt, echoing the motif of Joseph’s life and habitation there.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he and his father’s household; and Joseph lived a hundred and ten years.
- And Joseph dwelt in Egypt—he and his father’s household; and Joseph lived one hundred and ten years.
Gen.50.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאפרים: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,pl,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- שלשים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- גם: ADV
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- מכיר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מנשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ילדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- על: PREP
- ברכי: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,1,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 48:12-20 (verbal): Jacob places Joseph's grandsons on his knees and blesses them (Ephraim and Manasseh); directly parallels the image of children 'on Joseph's knees' and the special status of Ephraim and Manasseh.
- Genesis 41:50-52 (verbal): Reports the births and naming of Joseph's sons Ephraim and Manasseh in Egypt — background for the families Joseph later sees in Gen 50:23.
- Genesis 46:20 (structural): Lists Ephraim and Manasseh among those born to Joseph in Egypt and counted in Jacob's household, linking the genealogical context for the descendants seen in Gen 50:23.
- Numbers 32:39-40 (allusion): Mentions Machir (Makir) son of Manasseh taking and dwelling in Gilead — connects to the reference to 'the children of Makir son of Manasseh' born on Joseph's knees in Gen 50:23.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joseph saw Ephraim’s children to the third generation; also the children of Machir, son of Manasseh, were born upon Joseph’s knees.
- And Joseph saw Ephraim’s children to the third generation; also the sons of Machir, the son of Manasseh, were born on Joseph’s knees.
Gen.50.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- אנכי: PRON,1,sg
- מת: ADJ,m,sg
- ואלהים: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פקד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יפקד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- והעלה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- מן: PREP
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- אל: NEG
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשבע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- לאברהם: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ליצחק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וליעקב: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 46:3-4 (verbal): God tells Jacob he will go down with him to Egypt and will also bring him up again to the land—language closely parallels Joseph’s assurance that God will ‘bring you up’ to the promised land.
- Genesis 15:13-14 (thematic): God’s covenantal promise that Abraham’s descendants will be afflicted in a foreign land and later be delivered to the land of Canaan provides the narrative background for Joseph’s expectation of eventual deliverance.
- Exodus 2:24-25 (thematic): When Israel is oppressed in Egypt the text says God ‘remembered his covenant’ and took notice of them—paralleling Joseph’s confidence that God will ‘visit/remember’ and act on the patriarchal promise.
- Exodus 3:7-10 (verbal): God tells Moses he has seen Israel’s affliction and will bring them out of Egypt to a good and broad land—explicitly echoes the promise Joseph cites that God will bring the family up to the land sworn to the patriarchs.
- Hebrews 11:22 (allusion): The New Testament cites Joseph’s faith, noting that by faith he spoke of the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt and gave instructions about his bones—explicitly connecting Joseph’s dying words to later expectation of deliverance.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joseph said to his brothers, I am dying; and God will surely visit you and will bring you up from this land to the land that he swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
- And Joseph said to his brothers, I am dying; and God will surely visit you and bring you up from this land to the land that he swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.
Gen.50.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישבע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- פקד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יפקד: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- והעלתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- עצמתי: PRON,1,m,sg
- מזה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Gen.47.29-31 (verbal): Earlier reciprocal oath in the same narrative: Jacob extracts an oath from Joseph to be buried in Canaan (similar oath language and burial concern).
- Exod.13.19 (structural): Narrative fulfillment: Moses carries Joseph's bones out of Egypt at the exodus, fulfilling Joseph's request that his bones be taken up. (Direct continuation of the promise.)
- Josh.24.32 (structural): Final fulfillment and burial: the Israelites bring Joseph's bones from Egypt and bury them at Shechem, completing the oath Joseph made. (Settles the vow's outcome.)
- Heb.11.22 (allusion): New Testament reflection on Joseph's faith: Hebrews cites Joseph's forward-looking instructions concerning his bones as an example of faith in the promise of a future deliverance.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joseph made the sons of Israel swear, saying, God will surely visit you, and you shall bring up my bones from here.
- And Joseph made the sons of Israel swear, saying, God will surely visit you, and you shall bring up my bones from here.
Gen.50.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וימת: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- ועשר: CONJ+NUM,f,pl
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ויחנטו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- ויישם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- בארון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 50:2 (verbal): Earlier in the chapter the text records the embalming of Jacob (’he embalmed him seventy days’), paralleling the mention here that Joseph was embalmed and placed in a coffin in Egypt.
- Genesis 50:25 (structural): Joseph’s dying injunction that the Israelites carry his bones out of Egypt provides the immediate narrative link and explains the significance of his being embalmed and entombed in Egypt.
- Exodus 13:19 (verbal): Later narrative fulfillment: Moses takes Joseph’s bones up out of Egypt when Israel leaves, directly connecting to Joseph’s embalming and coffin placement in Genesis 50:26.
- Hebrews 11:22 (allusion): The New Testament recalls Joseph’s faith and his charge concerning his bones (that they be carried out of Egypt), alluding to his death, embalming, and intended burial location.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joseph died, a hundred and ten years old; and they embalmed him, and he was placed in a coffin in Egypt.
- And Joseph died, one hundred and ten years old; and they embalmed him, and he was placed in a coffin in Egypt.
And Joseph dwelt in Egypt, he and his father’s household; and Joseph lived one hundred and ten years. And Joseph saw Ephraim’s sons to the third generation; also the sons of Machir, son of Manasseh, were born upon Joseph’s knees. And Joseph said to his brothers, I am dying; God will surely visit you and bring you up from this land to the land that he swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob. And Joseph made the sons of Israel swear, saying, God will surely visit you, and you shall bring up my bones from here. And Joseph died, one hundred and ten years old; and they embalmed him, and he was placed in a coffin in Egypt.