Vows and Dedications
Leviticus 27:1-34
Lev.27.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Exodus 25:1 (verbal): Uses the same formulaic opening 'And the LORD said unto Moses,' marking divine speech to Moses that introduces legal/ritual instructions.
- Leviticus 1:1 (structural): Another opening in Leviticus where God addresses Moses to introduce a major legal/ritual section—same communicative role within the book's structure.
- Numbers 1:1 (verbal): Begins a new section with 'And the LORD spake unto Moses,' echoing the standard narrative signal that God is delivering instructions through Moses.
- Exodus 34:27 (thematic): God commands Moses concerning the authoritative transmission/recording of divine words ('Write these words'), highlighting the theme of Moses as recipient and recorder of commandments similar to Leviticus' legal material.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
- And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:
Lev.27.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואמרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- יפלא: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- נדר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בערכך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2ms
- נפשת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Numbers 30:2-16 (thematic): Regulates vows and their binding force (including distinctions for men and women), paralleling Leviticus’ instructions about vows concerning persons dedicated to the LORD.
- Deuteronomy 23:21-23 (thematic): Commands that vows made to the LORD must be fulfilled promptly, echoing the obligation implicit in vows of dedication in Leviticus 27.
- Numbers 6:2-8 (allusion): Describes the Nazirite vow as a form of dedicating a person to the LORD, closely related to the idea of persons vowed or devoted in Leviticus 27.
- 1 Samuel 1:11 (thematic): Hannah’s personal vow to dedicate her son to the LORD provides a narrative example of a vow concerning a person, illustrating the social/religious practice Leviticus addresses.
- Leviticus 27:28-29 (structural): Immediate chapter continuation detailing rules for things and persons 'devoted' to the LORD (including restrictions on redemption), directly connected to 27:2’s opening statement about vows concerning persons.
Alternative generated candidates
- Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When anyone makes a special vow—the valuation of persons to the LORD shall be as follows:
- Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When anyone makes a special vow, persons shall be valued for the LORD according to your valuation.
Lev.27.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss,2,m,sg
- הזכר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מבן: PREP
- עשרים: NUM,card,pl
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ששים: NUM,card
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss,2,m,sg
- חמשים: NUM,card,pl
- שקל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בשקל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:2 (structural): Introduces the valuation/vow framework within which Lev 27:3 appears (setting the rules for redeeming persons dedicated by vow).
- Leviticus 27:5 (verbal): Gives the parallel valuation formula for males aged 5–20 (20 shekels) using the same wording and valuation scheme but a different age bracket.
- Exodus 30:14-16 (thematic): Prescribes a half-shekel census/atonement payment for every person 'from twenty years old and upward' — same age threshold (20) though a different ritual context and amount.
- Numbers 18:15-16 (verbal): Gives a fixed silver valuation (five shekels) for redeeming persons/firstborn from a month old upward; parallels Lev 27's use of fixed shekel amounts and age-based valuation language.
Alternative generated candidates
- Your valuation for a male from twenty years old up to sixty years old shall be fifty shekels of silver, by the sanctuary shekel.
- Your valuation of a male from twenty years old up to sixty years old shall be fifty shekels of silver, by the sanctuary shekel.
Lev.27.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- נקבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf,2,m,sg
- שלשים: NUM,m,pl,abs
- שקל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
Parallels
- Lev.27.3 (verbal): Direct counterpart in the same valuation scheme: gives the male valuation (fifty shekels) immediately before the female amount.
- Lev.27.1-8 (structural): The broader section establishing rules for valuing persons vowed to the Lord—the legal context that frames v.4's specific amount.
- Exod.30.12-16 (thematic): Census/atonement money (half-shekel) — another instance of assigning monetary amounts to persons for cultic/communal purposes.
- Num.3:47 (thematic): Redemption/valuation of persons (Levites/firstborn) given in shekels—parallel use of fixed shekel amounts to redeem or value people for sanctuary service.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if it is a female, your valuation shall be thirty shekels.
- And if it is a female, your valuation shall be thirty shekels.
Lev.27.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- מבן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשרים: NUM,card,pl
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- הזכר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עשרים: NUM,card,pl
- שקלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ולנקבה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עשרת: NUM,card,ten,cons
- שקלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Lev.27:3 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same valuation-law sequence — gives the corresponding shekel amounts for younger persons (the preceding age bracket) using the same formulaic wording.
- Lev.27:6-8 (verbal): Continuation of the same chapter's valuation schedule and legal mechanism — these verses complete the age-based valuation scale and explain the owner's right to redeem by adding one‑fifth.
- Exod.30:12-16 (thematic): Census/ransom payment defined by age (twenty years and upward) and a fixed monetary levy for community obligations to the sanctuary — a related practice of age‑based money assessments.
- Num.3:47-51 (thematic): Regulations for redeeming persons (the Levites/firstborn) with specified sums in shekels — parallels the use of sanctuary valuation and fixed shekel amounts for redeeming/valuing people.
- Lev.27:1-8 (structural): The broader legislative unit containing v.5; the whole section establishes the structure, categories, and procedures for valuations of persons and property tied to vows.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if from five years old up to twenty years old, then your valuation shall be: for a male, twenty shekels; and for a female, ten shekels.
- And if from five years old up to twenty years old, your valuation shall be, for a male, twenty shekels, and for a female, ten shekels.
Lev.27.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- מבן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חדש: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- הזכר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- חמשה: NUM,m,pl
- שקלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולנקבה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- שלשת: NUM,m,pl,abs
- שקלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:4 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same chapter giving the valuation for the next older age bracket (from five years up to twenty): male 20 shekels, female 10 — part of the same systematic scale of valuations.
- Leviticus 27:7 (structural): Another adjacent verse completing the age-based valuation scheme (sixty years and upward: male 15 shekels, female 10), showing the full set of categories in Leviticus 27.
- Numbers 18:15–16 (verbal): Gives redemption prices for persons ('from a month old') and specifies five shekels for a male and three for a female after the sanctuary shekel — a near-verbatim parallel in amount and purpose (redemption/consecration).
- Exodus 30:12–16 (thematic): Sets a fixed silver payment (the half-shekel) as a ransom/atonement in the context of a census and sanctuary obligations — thematically related to Leviticus 27's fixed monetary valuations for consecrated persons.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if from one month old up to five years old, then your valuation shall be: for a male, five shekels of silver; and for a female, your valuation shall be three shekels of silver.
- And if from a month old up to five years old, your valuation shall be, for a male, five shekels of silver, and for a female, your valuation shall be three shekels of silver.
Lev.27.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- מבן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ששים: NUM,card
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ומעלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- אם: CONJ
- זכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- חמשה: NUM,m,pl
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- שקל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- ולנקבה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
- שקלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:1–13 (structural): Immediate context: the chapter sets out the valuation scale for persons dedicated by vow by age and sex; v.7 is one age category within this overall scheme.
- Exodus 30:12–16 (thematic): Prescribes a monetary assessment (half-shekel) related to counting/redeeming persons for the sanctuary — a related practice of assigning a fixed monetary value to people in cultic/legal contexts.
- Numbers 3:47–51 (verbal): Gives specific shekel amounts for the ransom/valuation of persons (the Levites and firstborn), connecting to the idea of set monetary values for people in sacred law.
- Numbers 18:15–16 (verbal): Addresses redemption of firstborn sons with a fixed money value (five shekels), another instance where the Torah prescribes concrete shekel sums for redeeming persons.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if from sixty years old and upward, if a male, your valuation shall be fifteen shekels; and for a female, ten shekels.
- And if from sixty years and upward, if a male, your valuation shall be fifteen shekels, and for a female, ten shekels.
Lev.27.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- מך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- מערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- והעמידו: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg+OBJ,3,m,sg
- לפני: PREP
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והעריך: VERB,piel,perf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- פי: NOUN,m,sg,construct
- אשר: PRON,rel
- תשיג: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנדר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- יעריכנו: VERB,piel,impf,3,m,sg+OBJ,1,pl
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:3-7 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same chapter where the priest appraises the value of persons vowed to the LORD according to age and sex — same priestly valuation procedure and language.
- Leviticus 27:9-13 (verbal): Continues the chapter's regulations for animals and their redemption or sale; repeats the requirement that the priest make the valuation and prescribes consequences if not redeemed.
- Exodus 30:11-16 (thematic): Census/ransom law prescribing a fixed monetary assessment for each person to effect atonement — parallels the idea of assigning monetary values for sacred purposes and redemption.
- Numbers 18:15-16 (thematic): Law for redeeming the firstborn of men by a specified silver price to the sanctuary/priests — analogous concern with priestly redemption and standard valuations for persons devoted to God.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if he is poorer than your valuation, then he shall present himself before the priest and the priest shall value him; according to what the hand of the one who vowed can afford, the priest shall value him.
- But if he is too poor for your valuation, then he shall present himself before the priest, and the priest shall value him; according to what the one who vowed can afford, the priest shall value him.
Lev.27.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- בהמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יקריבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- ממנה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- קרבן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יתן: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
- ממנו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Lev.27:10 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter: things devoted (herem) to the LORD are described with the same language of being holy and not ransomed.
- Lev.27:32 (verbal): Declares that every tithe of the herd is holy to the LORD — similar wording and the same principle that animals set apart belong to God.
- Num.18:15-18 (thematic): Firstborn of both man and beast are the LORD’s and are treated as holy/appropriated for priestly service — parallels the idea that animals dedicated to God are holy.
- Exod.13:12-13 (thematic): Commands consecration (and possible redemption) of the firstborn of livestock to the LORD, reflecting the practice of setting animals apart as holy to God.
- Deut.15:19 (thematic): Instructs that the firstborn of livestock shall be holy to the LORD — another articulation of animals being consecrated and reserved for God.
Alternative generated candidates
- If it is an animal from which they may bring an offering to the LORD, whatever one gives of it to the LORD shall be holy.
- If it is an animal from which they bring an offering to the LORD, whatever anyone gives from it to the LORD shall be holy.
Lev.27.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- יחליפנו: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- ולא: CONJ
- ימיר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ברע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- או: CONJ
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- בטוב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואם: CONJ
- המר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ימיר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בהמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בבהמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ותמורתו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:8 (verbal): Immediate chapter context—law concerning redeeming or substituting things devoted to the LORD; sets up the rule that devoted items should not be exchanged or may be redeemed only under specified terms.
- Leviticus 27:27-28 (thematic): Continues the chapter's regulations about consecrated animals and devoted things, including cases where animals may not be redeemed and are permanently holy—related prohibition against substitution.
- Numbers 18:15-16 (thematic): Rules for the redemption of firstborn persons and animals—distinguishes which sacred animals may be redeemed and which remain dedicated, echoing Leviticus' concern with handling consecrated animals.
- Numbers 30:2 (thematic): Affirms the binding nature of vows ('if a man vow a vow to the LORD, he shall not break his word'), paralleling Leviticus' prohibition on altering a consecration by exchanging holy for common things.
- Deuteronomy 23:21 (thematic): Commands fulfillment of vows made to the LORD ('that which you vow... you shall not delay'), reinforcing the principle that vows and dedications must be honored and not arbitrarily changed.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall not exchange it or substitute it, good for bad or bad for good; and if he does indeed substitute animal for animal, then both it and its substitute shall be holy.
- He shall not exchange it nor substitute it, good for bad or bad for good; and if he does indeed substitute animal for animal, then both it and its substitute shall be holy.
Lev.27.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- כל: DET
- בהמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- טמאה: ADJ,f,sg
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- יקריבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,pl
- ממנה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- קרבן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- והעמיד: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הבהמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- לפני: PREP
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Lev.27:12-13 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same law: directs that the devoted unclean animal be brought before the priest who will appraise it and decide its disposition (sale or redemption).
- Lev.27:14-15 (verbal): Parallel rules for animals dedicated by a vow — here treating clean beasts and their valuation/redemption, providing a contrast to the procedure for unclean animals in v.11–13.
- Lev.27:28-29 (thematic): Broader rule about things devoted to the LORD (herem): some devoted items/animals are reserved and may not be redeemed, connecting to the legal status of animals ‘set apart’ in v.11.
- Lev.22:18-25 (thematic): Laws specifying which animals are acceptable for sacrifice and prohibiting blemished or unsuitable animals at the altar — background to the statement that certain (unclean) animals cannot be offered to Yahweh.
- Lev.11:2-8 (thematic): The dietary/cleanliness list that defines ‘unclean’ animals; supplies the category of beasts referred to in v.11 as those not fit for sacrifice.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if it is any unclean animal, from which they do not bring an offering to the LORD, then he shall set the animal before the priest.
- If it is any unclean animal, of which they do not bring an offering to the LORD, then he shall set the animal before the priest,
Lev.27.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והעריך: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- בין: PREP
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ובין: CONJ+PREP
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- כערכך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cons+2ms
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- כן: ADV
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:3-8 (verbal): Immediate valuation schedule for persons (ages, sexes) that the priest uses; verse 12 refers back to this preset system of values.
- Leviticus 27:11-13 (structural): Neighboring verses dealing with redemption and the priest’s role in fixing values and adding the fifth part, showing the legal context for priestly appraisal in v.12.
- Exodus 30:12-16 (thematic): Census/ransom money where each person gives a set amount as a 'ransom'—a related Israelite practice of assigning monetary worth to persons for cultic purposes.
- Numbers 18:15-16 (verbal): Prescribes redemption and a concrete monetary valuation for the firstborn and those to be redeemed, paralleling priestly determination and fixed prices for consecrated persons.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the priest shall value it, whether good or bad; as the priest values it, so it shall be.
- and the priest shall value it, whether good or bad; as the priest’s valuation is, so it shall stand.
Lev.27.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- גאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יגאלנה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ויסף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חמישתו: NOUN,m,sg,suff,poss:3,m
- על: PREP
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Lev.27.12 (structural): Immediate context in the same law-unit: verse 12 states the valuation for a person devoted to the LORD; verse 13 (the given verse) then prescribes the addition of one‑fifth when that valuation is redeemed — a direct structural continuation.
- Numbers 3:46-51 (thematic): Rules for redeeming the Levites in place of the firstborn involve assigning values and collecting ransom money — a parallel case of valuing and redeeming persons devoted to the LORD.
- Numbers 18:15-16 (thematic): Regulation on redeeming firstborn persons and unclean firstlings by payment to the LORD; parallels the practice of monetary redemption and valuation of persons in Leviticus 27.
- Exodus 30:12-16 (thematic): The census ransom (each person giving a specified sum to 'ransom' their life) echoes the idea of paying money to the LORD in order to redeem or account for persons — conceptually akin to Leviticus 27's redemption payments.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if he should redeem it at all, then he shall add one-fifth to your valuation.
- But if he does redeem it, he shall add a fifth to your valuation.
Lev.27.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- יקדש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ביתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- והעריכו: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,sg
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בין: PREP
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ובין: CONJ+PREP
- רע: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- כאשר: CONJ
- יעריך: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- כן: ADV
- יקום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.27:13 (verbal): Same section on vows—priest ‘‘estimates/values’’ a consecrated field using the same valuation language and procedure as for a house.
- Lev.27:15 (structural): Immediate legal context governing houses—gives the follow‑on rule about redeeming a dedicated house (including adding a fifth), part of the same valuation/redemption scheme.
- Lev.27:28 (thematic): Declares certain things 'devoted to the LORD' cannot be sold or redeemed, providing a theological limit or contrast to cases in which the priest may value and permit redemption.
- Num.18:15–16 (thematic): Deals with redemption/valuation of persons (the firstborn) consecrated to the LORD and transferred to the priest; parallels the broader theme of consecration and priestly handling/valuation of holy things.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if a man consecrates his house as holy to the LORD, the priest shall value it, whether good or bad; as the priest values it, so it shall be.
- If someone consecrates his house as holy to the LORD, the priest shall value it, whether good or bad; as the priest values it, so it shall stand.
Lev.27.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- המקדיש: VERB,hiphil,part,3,m,sg
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ביתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויסף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חמישית: NUM,f,sg,abs
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.27.13 (verbal): General valuation and redemption formula for things devoted to the LORD; Lev 27:15 applies that valuation principle specifically to a house and prescribes adding a fifth on redemption.
- Lev.27:16-25 (structural): The larger section governing valuations, redemption, and the treatment of fields and houses; it repeats and extends the one‑fifth redemption rule and the distinctions for walled cities vs. open country.
- Lev.25:29-31 (thematic): Jubilee and redemption rules for houses in walled cities versus open country—related property‑redemption principles and the limited duration of alienation that underlie Lev 27's provisions for redeeming houses.
- Jer.32:6-15 (thematic): Jeremiah’s purchase/ redemption of a field as a prophetic sign of future restoration; thematically parallels legal/ritual transactions concerning land, property rights, and redemption in Leviticus 27.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if the one who consecrated it redeems his house, then he shall add a fifth of the money of your valuation to it, and it shall be his.
- And if the one who consecrated it redeems his house, he shall add a fifth of the silver of your valuation to it, and it shall be his.
Lev.27.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- משדה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m
- יקדיש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m
- לפי: PREP
- זרעו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- זרע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חמר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שערים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בחמשים: PREP+NUM,card
- שקל: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:15 (verbal): Parallel valuation language for a field dedicated to the LORD; verse 15 treats a field of one’s possession while 27:16 treats a purchased inheritance — same valuation formula (homer of barley = 50 shekels) and closely related wording.
- Leviticus 27:18-24 (structural): Continues the chapter’s rules about consecrated land and houses, distinguishing bought versus ancestral property, rules for redemption, and treatment of houses in walled cities versus villages — a contiguous legal framework to 27:16.
- Leviticus 25:13-16 (thematic): Establishes valuation of property according to the number of years remaining to the Jubilee and procedures for buying and selling — the Jubilee-based valuation principle underlies the differing appraisals in Lev 27 for permanent versus temporary possessions.
- Numbers 18:11-13 (thematic): Addresses things devoted to the LORD and their reservation for priestly service, including rules for what is consecrated and how it is handled — thematically related to Leviticus 27’s rules on dedication, redemption, and valuation of consecrated property.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if from the field of his possession a man consecrates it to the LORD, your valuation shall be according to its sowing: a homer of barley seed at fifty shekels of silver.
- And if a man consecrates to the LORD some of the field of his holding, then your valuation shall be according to its sowing: a homer of barley seed at fifty shekels of silver.
Lev.27.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אם: CONJ
- משנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- היבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יקדיש: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- שדהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- כערכך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cons+2ms
- יקום: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.27.16 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same section on valuation of vowed fields — Lev.27:16 introduces the scheme for valuing a field when vowed, to which v.17 directly refers and repeats the valuation idea.
- Lev.27.18 (structural): Continues the legal disposition of fields vowed in relation to the year of Jubilee; v.18 develops the consequences and distinctions introduced in v.17 about timing and valuation.
- Lev.27.24 (thematic): Deals with redemption of a field and the calculation of its value and the right of nearest kin to redeem — a closely related legal theme elaborated after v.17.
- Lev.25.13 (thematic): Statement of the Jubilee principle that land returns in the year of release; provides the broader jubilee context for Lev.27:17’s concern with fields vowed 'from the year of the Jubilee' and their valuation/restoration.
Alternative generated candidates
- If he consecrates his field from the year of Jubilee, your valuation shall stand.
- If he consecrates his field from the year of Jubilee, your valuation shall stand.
Lev.27.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- אחר: PREP
- היבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יקדיש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- שדהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- וחשב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- הכסף: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- פי: NOUN,m,sg,construct
- השנים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- הנותרת: ADJ,ptc,qal,f,sg,def
- עד: PREP
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- היבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ונגרע: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
- מערכך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.25:13-16 (verbal): Directly parallels the valuation method for land sold or bought — price is calculated according to the number of years remaining until the Jubilee (same pricing principle referenced in 27:18).
- Lev.25:23-28 (thematic): Governs sale and redemption of ancestral land and the Jubilee reversion; provides the broader legal context for why land valuations are computed by years remaining and may revert at the Jubilee (theme behind 27:18).
- Lev.27:13 (verbal): Earlier rule in the same chapter concerning redemption of a valued person or property, including the requirement to add a fifth when redeeming — closely related procedural rule to 27:18's computation and adjustments.
- Lev.27:21 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same subject in the chapter: if the field is not redeemed before the Jubilee it becomes the priest's; 27:21 presumes the priestly computation described in 27:18.
- Num.18:16 (verbal): Prescribes adding a fifth part when redeeming devoted things — mirrors the redemption/valuation arithmetic found in Leviticus 27 (the same formula applied to redemptions and computations).
Alternative generated candidates
- But if he consecrates his field after the Jubilee, then the priest shall calculate for him the money according to the years remaining until the year of Jubilee, and it shall be deducted from your valuation.
- But if he consecrates his field after the Jubilee, the priest shall compute for him the money according to the years remaining until the year of Jubilee, and it shall be deducted from your valuation.
Lev.27.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- גאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- המקדיש: VERB,qal,ptc,ms,sg,def
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- ויסף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חמשית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,m,sg
- עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
- וקם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.27:13 (verbal): Same legal formula within the chapter: if a redeemer redeems a devoted property he must add a fifth to the valuation — identical stipulation applied to houses in walled cities.
- Lev.27:16 (verbal): Sets out the valuation and redemption procedure for a field devoted to the Lord; v.19 continues and specifies the additional one‑fifth when a redeemer redeems such land.
- Lev.25:25-28 (thematic): Jubilee laws on redemption of sold land: establishes the broader legal framework for redeeming property (valuation according to years until Jubilee and redemption rights), providing context for the redemption rules in Lev 27.
- Lev.27:25 (structural): Provides the alternate outcome if a field cannot be redeemed (sale and release at Jubilee) and links the valuation/redemption rules of the chapter to the Jubilee release, complementing the rule about adding a fifth.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if he who consecrated it will indeed redeem the field, then he shall add a fifth of the money of your valuation to it, and it shall be his.
- And if the one who consecrated the field redeems it, then he shall add a fifth of the silver of your valuation to it, and it shall belong to him.
Lev.27.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואם: CONJ
- מכר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לאיש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחר: PREP
- לא: PART_NEG
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עוד: ADV
Parallels
- Lev.27:16-18 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same section on valuations and redemption of vowed fields — repeats the rule that a field sold to another cannot be redeemed.
- Lev.25:23-28 (thematic): Jubilee/land-law background: land ultimately belongs to YHWH and sales/redemptions are temporary until the year of Jubilee; establishes the broader legal principle behind non‑redemption after transfer.
- Ruth 4:3-4 (thematic): Kinsman‑redeemer practice — the purchase/redeeming of a parcel/inheritance by a near relative echoes the Levitical concern with redemption of land and who may reclaim it.
- Jeremiah 32:7-15 (thematic): Jeremiah’s purchase of Hanamel’s field uses the legal language and concept of buying/holding land as a prophetic sign of future restoration, engaging the same legal framework for land transactions and redemption.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if he does not redeem the field, or if he has sold the field to another man, it shall not be redeemed again.
- But if he does not redeem the field, or if he has sold the field to another man, it shall not again be redeemed.
Lev.27.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בצאתו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m
- ביבל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כשדה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- החרם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לכהן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:16-17 (verbal): Same chapter treats the valuation and redemption of a field devoted to the LORD, giving the formula for its valuation and the law for redeeming or dedicating it—directly connected language and legal context.
- Leviticus 27:28-29 (verbal): Nearby ruling that anything 'devoted' (קדש) to the LORD is holy and cannot be redeemed or taken back, reinforcing the status of devoted property as sacred possession.
- Leviticus 25:13 (thematic): Jubilee principle that in the year of Jubilee every possession returns to its original owner; connects to Lev.27:21's concern with what happens to a field 'in the year of Jubilee.'
- Numbers 18:20-24 (thematic): States that the priests receive no tribal land inheritance and that their portion is the LORD's offerings and what is given to them—illuminates why a field devoted/holy might become the priest's possession.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when the field goes out in the Jubilee, it shall be holy to the LORD, as a field devoted; it shall be the priest’s holding.
- And when the field goes out in the Jubilee, it shall be holy to the LORD, like a devoted field; it shall become the priest’s holding.
Lev.27.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- את: PRT,acc
- שדה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מקנתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- משדה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m
- יקדיש: VERB,hifil,impf,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Lev.27:16 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same chapter: rules governing a man who vows or dedicates a field he bought — the language and legal situation of a purchased (non-hereditary) field are treated directly prior to v.22.
- Lev.27:23 (verbal): Continues the same legal topic in the chapter: gives the method of valuation and redemption for a bought field according to the years remaining, clarifying how such a dedication/redemption is to be handled.
- Lev.25:23 (thematic): Jubilee and land theology: declares that the land is mine (God's) and Israelites are sojourners, underpinning laws about selling, buying, redeeming, and dedicating land like the case in Lev 27:22.
- Lev.25:25–28 (thematic): Laws on redemption and the Jubilee: provisions for redeeming sold property and the effect of the Jubilee year on transactions parallel the concern here with bought (non-hereditary) fields and their redemption/dedication.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if he consecrates to the LORD a field that he has bought, which is not of the field of his possession,
- And if he consecrates to the LORD a field which he has bought, which is not from the field of his holding,
Lev.27.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וחשב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- מכסת: NOUN,f,sg,construct
- הערכך: NOUN,m,sg,def+poss,2,m,sg
- עד: PREP
- שנת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- היבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ונתן: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הערכך: NOUN,m,sg,def+poss,2,m,sg
- ביום: PREP
- ההוא: DEM,ms,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:24-25 (verbal): Immediate context: the chapter continues the rule that the priest computes the valuation of a consecrated field up to the year of jubilee and specifies the procedure if the owner redeems it (same language and legal formula).
- Leviticus 27:16 (verbal): Earlier verse in the same chapter that introduces the valuation of a field when it is devoted to the LORD; the priest’s computation and reference to the years until jubilee are articulated here as well.
- Leviticus 25:15 (structural): Jubilee legislation prescribing how to calculate the price of land by reference to the number of years remaining until the jubilee — the same pricing principle invoked in Lev 27:23 for valuing a field.
- Leviticus 25:24-28 (thematic): Rules about land sales, redemption by kin, and adding one-fifth (20%) upon redemption parallel Lev 27’s provisions for priestly valuation and the terms for redeeming a consecrated field.
Alternative generated candidates
- then the priest shall calculate for him the amount of your valuation up to the year of Jubilee, and he shall give your valuation on that day, as holy to the LORD.
- then the priest shall reckon for him the amount of your valuation until the year of Jubilee, and on that day he shall give your valuation, holy to the LORD.
Lev.27.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- היובל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ישוב: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,sg
- השדה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לאשר: CONJ
- קנהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מאתו: PREP
- לאשר: CONJ
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- אחזת: NOUN,f,sg,construct
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Lev.25:13 (verbal): Direct repetition of the Jubilee prescription: 'In the year of this jubilee each of you shall return to his property,' echoing Lev.27:24's statement that fields revert in the Jubilee.
- Lev.25:23-24 (thematic): Establishes the legal principle behind Lev.27:24 — land is not sold in perpetuity and must be redeemable, with redemption/restoration in the appointed time (including the Jubilee).
- Lev.25:10 (structural): The Jubilee proclamation ('proclaim liberty throughout the land') frames the social and legal institution that produces the return of property described in Lev.27:24.
- Isa.61:1-2 (allusion): Uses Jubilee-language ('to proclaim liberty, to proclaim the year of the LORD’s favor') to describe social restoration; echoes the theological theme of release and restoration behind Lev.27:24.
- Luke 4:18-19 (quotation): Jesus quotes Isaiah 61 (invoking 'the year of the Lord’s favor') in describing his mission — a New Testament appropriation of Jubilee imagery of release and restoration implicit in Lev.27:24.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the year of Jubilee the field shall return to the one from whom he bought it, to the one to whom the landholding belongs.
- In the year of Jubilee the field shall return to the one from whom he bought it, to the one whose landholding it is.
Lev.27.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- ערכך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:2ms
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בשקל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עשרים: NUM,card,pl
- גרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- השקל: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:2-8 (thematic): Immediate context: the chapter sets valuation-tables for persons devoted by vow; 27:25 specifies the unit (shekel = 20 gerah) used throughout these valuations.
- Exodus 30:13 (verbal): Uses the phrase 'the shekel of the sanctuary' (שקל הקדש) — the same standard monetary unit referenced in Lev 27:25 for valuations and the half‑shekel census.
- Exodus 38:25-26 (verbal): Describes the giving of the half‑shekel 'after the shekel of the sanctuary' for the census; echoes the same sanctuary shekel standard that Lev 27:25 quantifies.
- Numbers 3:47-48 (verbal): Specifies redemption of excess Levites 'after the shekel of the sanctuary' (five shekels each), employing the same sanctuary shekel standard invoked in Lev 27:25.
- Numbers 18:16 (verbal): Prescribes redemption amounts 'after the shekel of the sanctuary' (e.g., twenty shekels for certain cases), again reflecting the sanctuary shekel standard whose value Lev 27:25 defines.
Alternative generated candidates
- And every valuation shall be by the sanctuary shekel; twenty gerahs shall be the shekel.
- All your valuations shall be by the sanctuary shekel; twenty gerahs shall be the shekel.
Lev.27.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אך: PART
- בכור: NOUN,m,sg,const
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יבכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- בבהמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- יקדיש: VERB,hiphil,impf,3,m,sg
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- אם: CONJ
- שור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אם: CONJ
- שה: PRON,rel
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Exodus 13:2 (quotation): God's command to 'sanctify to me every firstborn'—a direct, foundational injunction that underlies Leviticus' statement that the firstborn of animals belong to the LORD.
- Exodus 13:12-13 (verbal): Law about firstborn of man and beast (and the obligation to redeem or dedicate them); closely parallels Leviticus' treatment of firstborn animals as belonging to Yahweh rather than to private dedication.
- Numbers 3:13 (allusion): Explains the origin of the claim 'for all the firstborn are mine' (the slaying in Egypt and subsequent consecration), echoing Leviticus' assertion that the firstborn animal is the LORD's.
- Numbers 18:15-17 (thematic): Sets out the practical rule that firstborn of man and clean animals are the LORD's and may be redeemed—elaborates the status of firstborn property referred to in Leviticus 27:26.
Alternative generated candidates
- However, a firstborn, which as firstborn belongs to the LORD among animals—no one shall consecrate it; whether ox or sheep, it is the LORD’s.
- Only the firstborn among animals, which as firstborn belongs to the LORD—no one shall consecrate it; whether ox or sheep, it is the LORD’s.
Lev.27.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- בבהמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הטמאה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- ופדה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בערכך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2ms
- ויסף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חמשתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
- ואם: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ונמכר: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- בערכך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2ms
Parallels
- Lev.27.13 (verbal): Same section on vows and valuations—states that if a vowed animal is redeemable the owner shall add one‑fifth to the valuation and redeem it (near‑identical law/phraseology).
- Lev.27.28 (structural): Contrasts the rule in 27:27 by outlining items devoted to the LORD that may not be redeemed (the larger structural rule about what can/cannot be bought back).
- Exod.13:12–13 (thematic): Early law on consecration/redemption of firstborn animals (redeeming a firstborn donkey with a lamb or by payment) — same theme of sanctified animals and prescribed means of redemption or substitution.
- Num.18:15–16 (thematic): Regulates redemption of firstborn persons and unclean animals—requires redemption by payment “according to your valuation,” reflecting the same procedure of monetary valuation and ransoming tied to sacred dedication.
Alternative generated candidates
- But if it is among the unclean animals, then he shall redeem it according to your valuation and shall add one-fifth to it; and if it is not redeemed, it shall be sold according to your valuation.
- But if it is among unclean animals, then he shall redeem it according to your valuation and add a fifth to it; and if it is not redeemed, it shall be sold according to your valuation.
Lev.27.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אך: PART
- כל: DET
- חרם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יחרם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- מכל: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- מאדם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובהמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ומשדה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחזתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m
- לא: PART_NEG
- ימכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ולא: CONJ
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- חרם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- קדשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Numbers 18:14-16 (verbal): Uses the same language about “devoted”/cherem property; discusses the status and allocation of devoted things (what is holy/devoted) and related rules about redeeming and ownership.
- Joshua 6:17-19 (thematic): The city of Jericho is declared devoted (cherem) to the Lord so that nothing may be spared or taken for personal use—an applied example of irreversible dedication.
- 1 Samuel 15:3,9,15-23 (thematic): God’s command to Saul to ‘devote’ Amalek (and Saul’s partial noncompliance) illustrates the meaning and practical consequences of cherem—items/people set aside for the Lord are not to be treated as ordinary property or redeemed.
- Deuteronomy 20:16-18 (thematic): Law governing conquest commands that certain cities/nations be utterly devoted to destruction (cherem), reflecting the same legal principle that devoted things are not to be redeemed or retained as private property.
Alternative generated candidates
- But any devoted thing that a person devotes to the LORD, out of all that he has, whether of human or animal or of the field of his possession, shall not be sold and shall not be redeemed; every devoted thing is most holy to the LORD.
- However, any devoted thing that a man devotes to the LORD, out of all that he has—of human beings and animals and from the field of his holding—shall not be sold and shall not be redeemed; every devoted thing is most holy to the LORD.
Lev.27.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- חרם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יחרם: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- מן: PREP
- האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לא: PART_NEG
- יפדה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- מות: VERB,qal,infabs
- יומת: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:28 (verbal): Immediate context: distinguishes holy things and things under the ban (חרם), stating they are not to be sold or ransomed — same vocabulary and legal ruling.
- Joshua 6:17, 6:21 (thematic): The conquest of Jericho: inhabitants and spoil are declared devoted (herem) to God and are to be destroyed, reflecting the same ‘devoted to death’ concept.
- Joshua 7:11, 24–26 (structural): Narrative consequence of taking devoted things (Achan): Israel’s defeat and Achan’s execution illustrate enforcement of the ban on handling herem.
- 1 Samuel 15:3 (thematic): God’s command to Saul to utterly destroy Amalek and all they have (devote to destruction) parallels the idea of persons/things being accursed and put to death.
- Deuteronomy 20:16–18 (thematic): Instruction for holy war: certain peoples are to be devoted to destruction and not spared or assimilated, echoing the legal norm that the devoted are to be put to death.
Alternative generated candidates
- Any person devoted to destruction from humankind shall not be ransomed; he shall surely be put to death.
- Every devoted person who is devoted from humankind shall not be redeemed; he shall surely be put to death.
Lev.27.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- מעשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- מזרע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- מפרי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העץ: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Lev.27.32 (verbal): Same chapter’s parallel law specifies that the tithe of herd and flock likewise belongs to the LORD, extending the principle that tithes are holy to YHWH.
- Num.18.21-24 (structural): Assigns the tithe of the Israelites’ produce to the Levites as their inheritance, treating the tithe as belonging to the LORD and regulating its use.
- Deut.14.22-29 (thematic): Regulates the tithe of agricultural produce (including local consumption and the third‑year support tithe), echoing the obligation that the land’s produce be set apart for God and communal support.
- Mal.3.8-10 (thematic): Accuses Israel of robbing God by withholding tithes and calls for bringing the full tithe to the storehouse, promising blessing — a prophetic commentary on the duty expressed in Leviticus 27:30.
- Matt.23.23 (allusion): Jesus affirms the practice of tithing even of small garden herbs while criticizing neglect of weightier matters, presupposing the Mosaic tithe regulations concerning produce.
Alternative generated candidates
- And all the tithe of the land, from the seed of the land and from the fruit of the tree, is the LORD’s; it is holy to the LORD.
- And all the tithe of the land, of the seed of the land and of the fruit of the tree, is the LORD’s; it is holy to the LORD.
Lev.27.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואם: CONJ
- גאל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ממעשרו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg
- חמשיתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m
- יסף: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
- עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:15 (verbal): Same legal formula requiring that when a dedicated item (here a house) is redeemed the owner must add a fifth to its valuation — parallel wording and principle of adding one‑fifth on redemption.
- Leviticus 27:25–27 (structural): Neighboring verses in the same chapter treating tithes and their status as holy; verse 31 functions within this section explaining the procedure for redeeming a tithe introduced here.
- Numbers 18:21–28 (thematic): Gives the broader covenantal context for tithes (their allocation to the Levites and rules about what is holy), providing the institutional background for the tithe‑redemption rule in Leviticus 27:31.
- Deuteronomy 14:22–29 (thematic): Outlines use and regulation of tithes in Israel (including consumption, support of Levites/poor), offering a parallel treatment of tithe practice though without the specific ‘add a fifth’ redemption formula.
Alternative generated candidates
- And if a man should redeem any of his tithe, he shall add one-fifth to it.
- And if anyone redeems any of his tithe, he shall add a fifth to it.
Lev.27.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- מעשר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וצאן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יעבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- תחת: PREP
- השבט: ART+NOUN,m,sg,def
- העשירי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:30 (verbal): Direct parallel within the same chapter stating that the tithe of the land and of the herd is holy to the LORD; repeats the formula about the tenth being holy.
- Numbers 18:21-28 (structural): Develops the priestly and Levitical regulations for tithes, explicitly treating the tithe of herd and flock as holy and detailing how tithes are to be given and handled by the Levites.
- Deuteronomy 14:22-29 (thematic): Reframes the tithe command for Israel’s life in the land, including firstlings of herds and flocks and providing for consumption, Levites, foreigners, orphans and widows—continuing the social and cultic purposes of the tithe.
- Malachi 3:8-10 (thematic): Post-exilic prophetic critique invoking the tithe obligation—accuses Israel of robbing God by withholding tithes and calls for bringing the full tithe into the storehouse, reflecting continuity in tithe expectation.
- Genesis 28:20-22 (allusion): Jacob’s vow to give a tenth anticipates the practice of offering a tenth; not a legal stipulation but an early example of dedicating a tithe to God, thematically linked to Levitical tithe norms.
Alternative generated candidates
- And all the tithe of herd and flock, all that passes under the rod—the tenth one shall be holy to the LORD.
- And all the tithe of herd and flock—whatever passes under the staff—the tenth shall be holy to the LORD.
Lev.27.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- יבקר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בין: PREP
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לרע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- ימירנו: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,sg
- ואם: CONJ
- המר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ימירנו: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,sg
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- ותמורתו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- יגאל: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 27:28-29 (structural): Immediate continuation in the same chapter stating that anything devoted to the LORD is holy and not redeemable—repeats and expands the rule that exchanged or devoted items may not be redeemed.
- Leviticus 27:16-25 (verbal): Earlier section of the chapter laying out the valuation, redemption procedure (adding a fifth), and rules for exchanging vows—directly related to the prohibition on exchanging and redeeming in v.33.
- Numbers 18:14-17 (thematic): Regulations about firstborn and animals: items/perssons belonging to/under God may only be redeemed under specified terms, otherwise they are to be put to death or destroyed—echoes the tension between redemption and irrevocable devotion.
- Joshua 6:17-18 (thematic): The ban (herem) on Jericho—everything devoted to destruction is accursed to the LORD and must not be taken for personal use, paralleling Lev.27’s rule that devoted things are holy and not redeemable.
Alternative generated candidates
- He shall not inspect between good and bad, nor shall he substitute for it; and if he does substitute for it, then both it and its substitute shall be holy; it shall not be redeemed.
- He shall not inspect between good and bad, nor shall he substitute it; and if he does indeed substitute it, then both it and its substitute shall be holy; it shall not be redeemed.
Lev.27.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- המצות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בהר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- סיני: ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 36:13 (structural): A nearly identical concluding formula closing the book/section: 'These are the commandments and judgments which the LORD commanded by the hand of Moses…' — same function and wording as Leviticus 27:34.
- Leviticus 26:46 (verbal): Uses the same terminology ('statutes and judgments and laws') and attribution to the LORD and Moses on Mount Sinai — internal parallel within Leviticus linking concluding formulas.
- Deuteronomy 4:44 (structural): Another book‑end formula: 'This is the law which Moses set before the people of Israel,' serving the same function of presenting the body of instruction as Moses' and Yahweh's revelation.
- Exodus 20:1 (thematic): Gives the setting and act of divine legislation ('And God spoke all these words…') at Mount Sinai — thematically parallels Leviticus 27:34's emphasis on commandments given to Moses on Sinai.
Alternative generated candidates
- These are the commandments that the LORD commanded Moses for the Israelites at Mount Sinai.
- These are the commandments that the LORD commanded Moses for the Israelites at Mount Sinai.
And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When anyone makes a special vow regarding the valuation of persons to the LORD,
then the valuation of a male from twenty years old up to sixty years old shall be fifty shekels of silver, by the shekel of the sanctuary. But if it is a female, the valuation shall be thirty shekels. And if from five years old up to twenty years old, the valuation shall be: for a male, twenty shekels; and for a female, ten shekels. And if from a month old up to five years old, the valuation shall be: for a male, five shekels of silver; and for a female, the valuation shall be three shekels of silver. And if from sixty years old and upward: if a male, the valuation shall be fifteen shekels; and for a female, ten shekels. But if he is too poor for the valuation, then he shall be set before the priest, and the priest shall value him; according to what the one who vowed can afford, the priest shall value him. And if it is an animal of which they present an offering to the LORD, everything that one gives of it to the LORD shall be holy.
He shall not exchange it nor substitute it, good for bad or bad for good; and if he does indeed substitute animal for animal, then both it and its substitute shall be holy. And if it is any unclean animal, of which they do not present an offering to the LORD, then he shall set the animal before the priest,
and the priest shall value it, whether good or bad; as the priest values it, so it shall be. And if he will indeed redeem it, he shall add a fifth to its valuation. And if a man dedicates his house as holy to the LORD, the priest shall value it, whether good or bad; as the priest values it, so it shall stand. And if the one who dedicated it redeems his house, he shall add a fifth of the money of the valuation to it, and it shall be his. And if a man dedicates to the LORD a field of his hereditary holding, its valuation shall be according to its seed—an area sown with a homer of barley seed shall be valued at fifty shekels of silver.
If he dedicates his field from the year of the Jubilee, the valuation shall stand. But if he dedicates his field after the Jubilee, the priest shall compute for him the amount of the money according to the years that remain until the year of the Jubilee, and it shall be deducted from the valuation. And if the one who dedicated the field will indeed redeem it, he shall add a fifth of the money of the valuation to it, and it shall remain his. But if he does not redeem the field, or if he has sold the field to another man, it shall not be redeemed again. But the field, when it goes out in the Jubilee, shall be holy to the LORD like a devoted field; it shall become the priest’s possession. And if a man dedicates to the LORD a field that he has bought, which is not part of his hereditary holding,
then the priest shall compute for him the sum of the valuation until the year of the Jubilee, and he shall give the valuation on that day, holy to the LORD.
In the year of the Jubilee the field shall return to the one from whom he bought it—to the one to whom the holding of the land belongs. And every valuation shall be by the shekel of the sanctuary; twenty gerahs shall be the shekel.
However, a firstborn among animals, which as firstborn belongs to the LORD—no one may dedicate it; whether ox or sheep, it is the LORD’s. But if it is among the unclean animals, then he shall redeem it according to the valuation, and shall add its fifth to it; and if it is not redeemed, it shall be sold according to the valuation. But any devoted thing that a man devotes to the LORD, out of all that he has—whether human, or animal, or from the field of his possession—shall not be sold or redeemed; every devoted thing is most holy to the LORD.
No human being who is devoted shall be ransomed; he shall surely be put to death. And all the tithe of the land, from the seed of the land and from the fruit of the tree, is the LORD’s; it is holy to the LORD. And if anyone should redeem any of his tithe, he shall add its fifth to it. And all the tithe of herd and flock—whatever passes under the rod—the tenth one shall be holy to the LORD.
He shall not inspect between good and bad, nor shall he substitute it; and if he does substitute it, then both it and its substitute shall be holy; it shall not be redeemed.
These are the commandments that the LORD commanded Moses for the Israelites at Mount Sinai.