Jesus Brought to Annas
John 18:12-14
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John.18.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Η: ART,nom,sg,fem
- ουν: CONJ
- σπειρα: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- χιλιαρχος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- υπηρεται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Ιουδαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- συνελαβον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- Ιησουν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- εδησαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- John 18:3 (structural): Same scene: Judas leads a 'band' (σπείρα) sent to seize Jesus; parallels the presence of the detachment/captain and the initiative of Judas in the arrest.
- Matthew 26:47–50 (verbal): A great multitude with swords and clubs arrests Jesus after Judas' identification; parallels the seizure, the involvement of officers, and the betrayal motif.
- Mark 14:43–46 (verbal): Crowd seizes Jesus in Gethsemane—close verbal parallel to the laying on of hands and the arrest by a detachment of men and officers.
- Luke 22:47–53 (verbal): Arrest narrative where men seize Jesus and lead him away to the high priest; includes the restorative/violent dynamics of the arrest and its immediate aftermath.
- Matthew 27:2 (verbal): After the trials Jesus is bound and led away to Pilate—echoes John's explicit remark that they 'bound' Jesus and underscores the custodial handing over.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then the cohort and the captain and the officers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound him.
- Then the band of soldiers and the captain and the officers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound him.
John.18.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ηγαγον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- προς: PREP
- Ανναν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- πρωτον·ην: ADV
- γαρ: PART
- πενθερος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- Καιαφα: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- αρχιερευς: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ενιαυτου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εκεινου·: PRON,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:57 (structural): The Sanhedrin trial narrative: Jesus is brought to the high priest (Caiaphas) after his arrest, paralleling John’s sequence of Jesus being taken to Jewish authorities.
- John 18:24 (structural): Immediate Johannine parallel: after being led to Annas (v.13), Jesus is sent to Caiaphas—shows the same trial sequence and the relation between Annas and Caiaphas.
- John 11:49-52 (thematic): Caiaphas identified and speaking as high priest (prophesying that it was expedient for one man to die for the people), connecting to his role as high priest mentioned in 18:13.
- Acts 4:6 (verbal): Lists ‘Annas the high priest’ together with Caiaphas among the Jewish leadership, attesting to Annas’ prominence and association with Caiaphas reflected in John 18:13.
- Luke 3:2 (allusion): Chronological note mentioning the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, corroborating the overlap and authority implied by John’s reference to Annas and Caiaphas.
Alternative generated candidates
- They first led him to Annas; for he was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, who was high priest that year.
- They led him first to Annas—for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas, who was high priest that year.
John.18.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- Καιαφας: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- συμβουλευσας: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,m,sg
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- Ιουδαιοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- οτι: CONJ
- συμφερει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ενα: NUM,acc,sg,m
- ανθρωπον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- αποθανειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- υπερ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- λαου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- John 11:49-52 (quotation): The same Caiaphas counsel is reported earlier: he asserts it is ‘expedient that one man should die for the people,’ and John interprets this as prophetic (that Jesus would die for the nation and gather God’s children).
- Matthew 26:3-4 (structural): The chief priests and elders, meeting at the high priest's house (Caiaphas), plot to arrest and kill Jesus—parallel account of the Jewish leaders’ decision to put Jesus to death.
- Mark 14:1-2 (structural): Synoptic parallel describing the chief priests and scribes plotting to seize and kill Jesus, situating Caiaphas as the high priest in whose context the plot is hatched.
- 2 Corinthians 5:14-15 (verbal): Paul’s language that ‘one died for all’ echoes the idea of a single person’s death being for the benefit of many, a theological parallel to Caiaphas’ pragmatic remark rendered providentially true.
- Isaiah 53:12 (allusion): The Suffering Servant ‘bear[ing] the sin of many’ and giving his life for others provides the prophetic background to the idea of one dying on behalf of the people.
Alternative generated candidates
- It was Caiaphas, moreover, who had counseled the Jews that it was expedient that one man should die for the people.
- Caiaphas was the one who had advised the Jews that it was better for one man to die for the people.
Then the detachment of soldiers, with the captain and the Jewish officers, took Jesus and bound him.
They led him first to Annas; for he was father‑in‑law to Caiaphas, who was high priest that year. Now Caiaphas was the one who had counseled the Jews that it was expedient for one man to die for the people.