The Shema and Instruction
Deuteronomy 6:1-25
Deu.6.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וזאת: CONJ+DEM,f,sg
- המצוה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- החקים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והמשפטים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- ללמד: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- עברים: PART,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
- שמה: ADV
- לרשתה: INF,qal,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 4:1 (verbal): Uses the same opening summons to attend to “statutes and judgments” and to do them — closely parallels wording and intent to instruct obedience before entering the land.
- Deuteronomy 5:1 (verbal): Another introductory call (“Hear, O Israel”) presenting the statutes and judgments — reinforces the communal instruction to hear and keep God’s laws.
- Leviticus 18:4 (verbal): Language echoes the collocation “statutes and judgments” and the command to observe them, linking Deut.6:1 to earlier priestly/holiness tradition.
- Deuteronomy 6:20–25 (structural): Continuation/expansion of 6:1’s purpose — explains how the statutes are to be taught to future generations and the rationale for obedience in the land.
- Deuteronomy 11:1–2 (thematic): Reiterates the obligation to love God and keep his commandments and judgments when entering the land; parallels the theme of commanded instruction tied to possession of the land.
Alternative generated candidates
- And this is the command—the statutes and the ordinances—that the LORD your God commanded me to teach you, that you may do them in the land which you are crossing to possess.
- And this is the commandment, the statutes and the ordinances which the LORD your God commanded to teach you, that you might do them in the land where you are crossing over to possess it.
Deu.6.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- למען: PREP
- תירא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- לשמר: VERB,qal,inf
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- חקתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,sg
- ומצותיו: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,3,m,sg
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אנכי: PRON,1,sg
- מצוך: VERB,piel,part,1,sg,obj:2,m,sg
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- ובנך: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs-2ms
- ובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנך: NOUN,m,sg,cstr+poss,2,m,sg
- כל: DET
- ימי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- חייך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2ms
- ולמען: CONJ+PREP
- יארכן: VERB,hiph,imprf,3,m,sg
- ימיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2ms
Parallels
- Deut.4.9-10 (verbal): Commands to watch yourselves and to teach your children so that they may fear the LORD echo the language about you, your son and your son's son fearing God; similar concern for intergenerational instruction.
- Deut.4.40 (verbal): Repeats the formula of keeping God's statutes and commandments so that it may go well with you and your children and that your days be prolonged—near verbal parallel in purpose and phrasing.
- Deut.5.29 (verbal): Prayerful desire that Israel's heart would be inclined to fear God and keep all his commandments mirrors the Deuteronomic aim of fearing the LORD and obedience.
- Exod.20.12 (thematic): The fifth commandment links obedience (honoring parents) with the promise of long life—parallels Deut 6:2's connection between obedience/fear and prolonged days.
- Lev.18.5 (thematic): Instruction to keep God's statutes and judgments with the promise that by doing them one 'shall live' corresponds thematically to obedience to statutes bringing life and extended days.
Alternative generated candidates
- So that you may fear the LORD your God, to keep all his statutes and his commandments which I command you, you and your son and your grandson, all the days of your life, and that your days may be prolonged.
- So that you fear the LORD your God and keep all his statutes and his commandments that I command you— you, your son, and your son's son— all the days of your life, and that your days may be prolonged.
Deu.6.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושמעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושמרת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ייטב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
- תרבון: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- מאד: ADV
- כאשר: CONJ
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- אבתיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:2,m
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- זבת: PART,qal,ptc,prs,f,sg
- חלב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ודבש: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 3:8 (verbal): Earliest promise of a 'land flowing with milk and honey' delivered to the patriarchs—same phraseology describing the goal of the Exodus and conquest mentioned in Deut 6:3.
- Deuteronomy 6:2 (verbal): Immediate context: repeats the summons to 'hear' and 'keep' the commandments and links obedience to long life and possession of the land—closely mirrors the imperatives of Deut 6:3.
- Deuteronomy 11:12 (thematic): Links possession of the fertile land ('a land the LORD your God cares for') with obedience to God's commands, echoing Deut 6:3's promise that keeping the law leads to flourishing in the land.
- Joshua 1:8 (thematic): Promises success and prosperity when the book of the law is meditated on and obeyed—parallels Deut 6:3's connection between observance of God's commands and flourishing in the promised land.
- Deuteronomy 30:9 (verbal): God will 'make you prosper' and multiply you in the land as He promised—language and theological promise of prosperity echo Deut 6:3's assurance tied to obedience.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hear therefore, O Israel, and be careful to do what is right for you, that you may multiply greatly, as the LORD, the God of your fathers, has promised you—a land flowing with milk and honey.
- Hear therefore, O Israel, and be careful to do it, that it may go well with you and that you may multiply greatly, as the LORD, the God of your fathers, has promised you: a land flowing with milk and honey.
Deu.6.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שמ: VERB,qal,imp,2,ms
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Mark 12:29 (quotation): Jesus immediately quotes the Shema—'The Lord our God, the Lord is one'—using it as the foundation of Jewish monotheism and the greatest commandment.
- Deut.4:39 (verbal): A Deuteronomic parallel asserting that the LORD is God and there is no other, echoing the Shema's exclusive monotheism.
- Isaiah 45:5 (verbal): Prophetic affirmation of divine uniqueness—'I am the LORD, and there is no other'—which reinforces the Shema's claim about God's sole sovereignty.
- Deut.32:39 (thematic): A closely related emphasis in the Song of Moses: God declares his unique existence and that there is no other god beside him, thematically mirroring the Shema.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one.
- Hear, O Israel: the LORD our God, the LORD is one.
Deu.6.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואהבת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבבך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- ובכל: CONJ+PREP
- נפשך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,2,m
- ובכל: CONJ+PREP
- מאדך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2ms
Parallels
- Deut.10.12 (verbal): Echoes the same summons to 'fear the LORD, to love him, and to serve him' with 'all your heart and all your soul'—very close verbal and thematic parallel within Deuteronomy.
- Lev.19.18 (thematic): Commands love for others ('love your neighbor as yourself'); in later Jewish and Christian interpretation this is paired with Deut.6:5 as the twofold summary of the law.
- Matt.22.37-38 (quotation): Jesus explicitly quotes Deut.6:5 as the first and greatest commandment, applying the Shema's language to his ethical teaching.
- Mark.12.30 (quotation): Mark records Jesus citing the triad (heart, soul, strength/mind) from Deut.6:5 when identifying the foremost commandment.
- Luke.10.27 (allusion): A lawyer summarizes the law by combining Deut.6:5 (love God) and Lev.19:18 (love neighbor), reflecting how Deut.6:5 functions in later legal/ethical synthesis.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your might.
- You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.
Deu.6.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- הדברים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אנכי: PRON,1,sg
- מצוך: VERB,piel,part,1,sg,obj:2,m,sg
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- על: PREP
- לבבך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Deut.11.18 (verbal): Commands placing God's words 'in your heart and in your soul'—a close verbal parallel about internalizing the law.
- Deut.30.14 (verbal): Speaks of the word being 'in your mouth and in your heart'—another formulation that emphasizes the nearness of God's command to the heart.
- Josh.1.8 (thematic): Urges continual meditation on the law so it 'shall not depart out of thy mouth' and you may 'observe to do according to all that is written'—the theme of internalizing and living the commandments.
- Ps.119.11 (verbal): I have hidden your word in my heart'—a personal expression of keeping God's words in the heart to guide conduct.
- Col.3.16 (allusion): Calls for the 'word of Christ' to dwell richly in believers—New Testament echo of the OT idea that God's instruction should inhabit the heart and life.
Alternative generated candidates
- And these words, which I command you this day, shall be upon your heart.
- And these words that I command you this day shall be upon your heart.
Deu.6.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושננתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לבניך: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ודברת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- בם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- בשבתך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בביתך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- ובלכתך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ובשכבך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובקומך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Deut.11.19 (verbal): Nearly identical wording and context — commands to teach God's words to your children and to speak of them at home and on the road, lying down and rising up.
- Psalm 78.5-7 (thematic): Emphasizes passing God’s teachings and works to the next generation so they will set their hope in God — a communal/parental instruction theme parallel to Deut 6:7.
- Proverbs 22.6 (thematic): “Train up a child in the way he should go” expresses the same concern for formative, ongoing instruction of children as Deut 6:7.
- Ephesians 6.4 (thematic): New Testament household instruction — parents (fathers) are commanded to raise children in the discipline and instruction of the Lord, reflecting the Deuteronomic emphasis on parental teaching.
- 2 Timothy 3.14-15 (thematic): Paul’s reminder that Timothy learned the sacred writings from childhood parallels the idea of continuous instruction of children in God’s ways found in Deut 6:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall teach them diligently to your children; you shall speak of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, when you lie down, and when you rise.
- You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall speak of them when you sit in your house, when you walk by the way, when you lie down, and when you rise up.
Deu.6.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וקשרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- לאות: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- ידך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:2,f,sg
- והיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- לטטפת: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בין: PREP
- עיניך: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2ms
Parallels
- Exod.13.9 (verbal): Uses the same language—'a sign on your hand and as frontlets between your eyes'—linking the practice to remembrance of the Exodus and God's words.
- Exod.13.16 (verbal): Repeats the command to make God's words a sign on the hand and frontlets between the eyes, here connected with consecration of the firstborn.
- Deut.11.18 (verbal): Nearly identical formulation within Deuteronomy's Shema tradition, again enjoining binding the words as a sign on the hand and between the eyes.
- Deut.6.7 (thematic): Immediate literary context: commands teaching and speaking of these words to one’s children—the verbal/teaching emphasis complements the physical reminder enacted in v.8.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes.
- You shall bind them as a sign on your hand and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes.
Deu.6.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכתבתם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- על: PREP
- מזוזת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- ביתך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- ובשעריך: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 6:8 (verbal): Immediate context: pairs the injunction to write on doorposts with binding the words as a sign on the hand and as frontlets between the eyes — part of the same household/reminder command.
- Deuteronomy 11:18-20 (quotation): Repeats the command to lay up God's words, bind them as a sign on hand/forehead, and write them on the doorposts and gates — a near-duplicate formulation of Deut 6:4–9.
- Exodus 13:9 (allusion): Speaks of the command as a 'sign' and 'memorial' so that God's law remains in the mouth — an earlier legal/didactic motif related to external reminders of covenant obligations.
- Exodus 13:16 (allusion): Commands a token on the hand and frontlets between the eyes as a perpetual reminder of redemption — parallels Deut.'s use of bodily and household signs to memorialize God's acts and commands.
- Numbers 15:38-39 (thematic): Requires tassels on garments to remind Israel of the commandments — another instance of instituting visible, physical reminders to preserve covenantal obedience, thematically akin to writing on doorposts.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.
- You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.
Deu.6.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- יביאך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- אל: NEG
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשבע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- לאבתיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2,m,sg
- לאברהם: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ליצחק: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וליעקב: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לתת: VERB,qal,inf
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- גדלת: ADJ,f,pl
- וטבת: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- בנית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Genesis 12:7 (allusion): God's original promise to Abram that the land will be given to his offspring — background to Deut.6:10's reference to the oath to the patriarchs.
- Genesis 15:18-21 (thematic): The formal covenant allotting Canaan to Abraham's descendants; parallels Deut.'s appeal to the patriarchal land promise.
- Exodus 6:8 (allusion): God's declaration 'I will bring you into the land' and promise to give the land to the fathers echoes Deut.6:10's language of bringing Israel into the sworn land.
- Joshua 24:13 (verbal): Joshua's summary uses nearly the same idea — giving 'cities you did not build' and provisions in a land not worked by you — a close verbal parallel to Deut.6:10-11.
- Joshua 21:43-45 (structural): Records the fulfillment: the LORD gave Israel the land and towns; functions as a narrative fulfillment of the promise cited in Deut.6:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- And it shall be, when the LORD your God brings you into the land which he swore to your fathers—to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob—to give you,
- And it shall be, when the LORD your God brings you into the land which he swore to your fathers— to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob— to give you great and good cities which you did not build,
Deu.6.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובתים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מלאים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- כל: DET
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- מלאת: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- וברת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- חצובים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- חצבת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- כרמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וזיתים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לא: PART_NEG
- נטעת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- ואכלת: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- ושבעת: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Joshua 24:13 (verbal): Joshua (speaking for God) lists gifts of the land — 'I gave you a land in which you did not toil... houses you did not build, vineyards and olive groves you did not plant' — language that closely echoes Deut 6:11.
- Deuteronomy 8:7-10 (thematic): Describes the Promised Land's abundance (wheat, vines, fig trees, pomegranates, olive oil, honey) and eating/satisfaction — same theme of inheriting plentiful produce.
- Exodus 3:8 (allusion): God's promise to bring Israel into 'a good and spacious land… a land flowing with milk and honey' provides the foundational promise of abundant, already-prepared resources that Deut 6:11 portrays.
- Numbers 13:27 (thematic): The spies report that 'the land flows with milk and honey,' affirming the land's fertility and the Israelites' expectation of entering homes and fields they did not prepare — a thematic parallel to Deut 6:11.
Alternative generated candidates
- that he will give you great and good cities which you did not build, houses full of every good thing which you did not fill, hewn cisterns which you did not dig, vineyards and olive trees which you did not plant, and you will eat and be satisfied;
- and houses full of all good things which you did not fill, and wells dug which you did not dig, vineyards and olive trees which you did not plant, and you eat and are satisfied,
Deu.6.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השמר: VERB,hitpael,imperat,2,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- פן: CONJ
- תשכח: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הוציאך: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
- מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- מבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עבדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 8:11 (verbal): Directly echoes the warning not to forget the LORD after entering the land; both verses caution Israel to beware of forgetfulness regarding God's acts.
- Deuteronomy 8:18 (thematic): Reminds Israel to remember the LORD as the giver of power and prosperity—another exhortation against attributing deliverance and blessing to anything other than God.
- Exodus 13:3 (quotation): An earlier command to 'remember this day' of Israel's exodus from Egypt; provides the foundational event referenced by Deut 6:12.
- Hosea 13:4 (verbal): Uses the same formula 'I am the LORD who brought you up out of the land of Egypt'—a prophetic reminder of God's unique saving act and Israel's obligation to remain faithful.
- Psalm 106:7 (thematic): Israel's failure to remember God's wonders in Egypt is lamented here; thematically parallels Deut 6:12's concern that forgetting God's deliverance leads to unfaithfulness.
Alternative generated candidates
- then beware lest you forget the LORD who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
- be careful lest you forget the LORD who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
Deu.6.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- תירא: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ואתו: CONJ+PRON,3,m,sg
- תעבד: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ובשמו: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- תשבע: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 10:20 (verbal): Repeats the same command — 'Fear the LORD your God' and 'serve him' and includes swearing by his name; a close Deuteronomic parallel/reiteration.
- Joshua 24:14 (verbal): Joshua's covenant call uses the same language: 'Now therefore fear the LORD and serve him' — echoing Deuteronomy's summons to fear and serve YHWH.
- Exodus 20:7 (thematic): The command concerning taking the LORD's name in vain relates to proper use of God's name and oaths, connecting to Deut 6:13's instruction to swear by God's name.
- Leviticus 19:12 (thematic): Prohibits false swearing by God's name ('you shall not swear by my name falsely'), thematically linked to obligations about invoking God's name in vows or oaths.
- Psalm 2:11 (thematic): Calls worshipers to 'serve the LORD with fear,' paralleling Deut 6:13's coupling of fear and service of YHWH.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall fear the LORD your God; you shall serve him, and by his name you shall swear.
- You shall fear the LORD your God; you shall serve him and by his name you shall swear.
Deu.6.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- תלכון: VERB,qal,imperf,2,m,pl
- אחרי: PREP
- אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אחרים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- מאלהי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,constr
- העמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- סביבותיכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs+2,m,pl
Parallels
- Exodus 20:3 (quotation): Direct Decalogue formulation of the prohibition: 'You shall have no other gods before me,' a succinct legal equivalent to not following other gods.
- Deuteronomy 5:7 (verbal): Deuteronomic repetition of the Ten Commandments with wording close to Deut 6:14, restating the ban on other gods within the same covenantal framework.
- Joshua 23:7 (thematic): Joshua warns Israel not to mention or serve the gods of the surrounding nations — a covenantal injunction that echoes the prohibition against following foreign deities.
- Judges 2:11–13 (thematic): Narrative account of Israel 'doing evil' by serving Baal and other gods; illustrates the covenantal consequence of violating the command not to follow surrounding peoples' deities.
- 1 Kings 18:21 (thematic): Elijah's challenge to Israel to choose between YHWH and Baal confronts the practice of following other gods and calls for exclusive devotion, reflecting the same theological demand as Deut 6:14.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall not go after other gods, the gods of the peoples who are around you.
- You shall not go after other gods, the gods of the peoples who are around you.
Deu.6.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- אל: NEG
- קנא: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- בקרבך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,prs:2ms
- פן: CONJ
- יחרה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אף: ADV
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- והשמידך: CONJ+VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg,obj:2ms
- מעל: PREP
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- האדמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 20:5 (quotation): Decalogue wording: 'for I the LORD your God am a jealous God' and the warning that God visits iniquity—verbal and legal parallel to Deut.6:15's caution about God's jealousy and destructive wrath.
- Deuteronomy 5:9 (quotation): Deuteronomic restatement of the Decalogue within the same book: repeats the exact warning about the LORD's jealousy and the danger of His anger and destruction.
- Exodus 34:14 (verbal): Uses the epithet 'for you shall not worship any other god... for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God'—same technical term and the theological idea that God zealously opposes idolatry.
- Deuteronomy 4:24 (thematic): Affirms the same divine character: 'for the LORD your God is a consuming fire, a jealous God'—connects jealousy with punitive/consuming action against unfaithfulness.
- Deuteronomy 32:21 (allusion): Speaks of Israel provoking God to jealousy by worshipping other gods and God's response to provoke them to jealousy—develops the theme of idolatry provoking divine wrath and consequence.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the LORD your God is a jealous God among you; lest the anger of the LORD your God be kindled against you and he destroy you from off the face of the earth.
- For the LORD your God is a jealous God among you; lest the anger of the LORD your God be kindled against you and he destroy you from off the face of the earth.
Deu.6.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- תנסו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- כאשר: CONJ
- נסיתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- במסה: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exod.17:7 (verbal): Narrative account identifying Massah as the place where Israel 'tested' the LORD; Deut 6:16 alludes directly to this incident and uses the same terminology.
- Num.20:13 (thematic): Later wilderness episode (Meribah/Massah) where Israel's demand for water becomes another instance of testing God; echoes the motif behind Deut 6:16.
- Ps.95:8-9 (allusion): Psalmic warning not to harden hearts 'at Massah' or 'in the day of Temptation/Testing,' explicitly recalling the Deut/Exod tradition and reproving the same failure of faith.
- Matt.4:7 (quotation): Jesus cites the command 'You shall not put the Lord your God to the test' in response to Satan's temptation, directly quoting and applying Deut 6:16.
- Heb.3:8-9 (allusion): Hebrews echoes Psalm 95's warning about the 'day of testing' in the wilderness, using the episode to admonish unbelief—developing the same theological point found in Deut 6:16.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall not test the LORD your God, as you tested him at Massah.
- You shall not put the LORD your God to the test, as you tested him at Massah.
Deu.6.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שמור: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- תשמרון: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- מצות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
- ועדתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,suff:3ms
- וחקיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff:3ms
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 6:1 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same unit — introduces the statutes, testimonies, and commandments and repeats the injunction to keep them (same legal vocabulary).
- Deuteronomy 30:10 (thematic): Echoes the covenantal promise tied to obedience: if you obey and keep the commandments of the LORD your God, blessings/favor follow (same command‑to‑obey formula).
- Leviticus 18:4 (verbal): Uses the same legal formula (keep my statutes/judgments) — a priestly/holiness law parallel that frames obedience to God’s ordinances.
- Joshua 1:7–8 (thematic): Commands observance of the law through imperative language and links success/faithfulness to careful keeping and meditating on the law (continuation of Deuteronomic imperatives).
- Psalm 119:4 (verbal): Psalmist states that God commanded precepts to be kept diligently — a devotional repetition of the obligation to keep God’s statutes and testimonies.
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall diligently keep the commandments of the LORD your God, his testimonies and his statutes which he has commanded you.
- You shall diligently keep the commandments of the LORD your God, his testimonies and his statutes which he has commanded you.
Deu.6.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועשית: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- הישר: ADJ,m,sg,def
- והטוב: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,def
- בעיני: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- למען: PREP
- ייטב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- ובאת: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- וירשת: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הטבה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשבע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאבתיך: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,construct+PRON,2,m,sg
Parallels
- Deut.6.3 (verbal): Same chapter and closely parallel wording: an injunction to do what God commands so 'that it may be well with you,' linking obedience to blessing.
- Deut.4.40 (verbal): Uses the same formula 'that it may be well unto thee' and ties careful observance of statutes/commandments to well-being and inheritance of the land.
- Deut.11.8-9 (structural): Part of the Deuteronomic pattern that links obedience ('keep the words') to prosperity and long possession of the land promised to the fathers.
- Josh.1.7-8 (allusion): Joshua echoes Deuteronomic teaching: faithful observance of the law and meditation on it will lead to prosperous success as Israel enters and possesses the land.
- Jer.7.23 (quotation): Jeremiah explicitly recalls the covenant command ('obey my voice... walk in all the ways that I have commanded you') concluding with the identical promise 'that it may be well unto you.'
Alternative generated candidates
- You shall do what is right and good in the sight of the LORD, that it may be well with you, and that you may go in and possess the good land which the LORD swore to your fathers.
- You shall do what is right and good in the sight of the LORD, that it may be well with you, and that you may go in and possess the good land which the LORD swore to your fathers.
Deu.6.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- להדף: VERB,qal,inf
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- איביך: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מפניך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2m
- כאשר: CONJ
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 23:27-30 (thematic): God promises to send terror/hornets and drive out the inhabitants before Israel so they will dispossess the land—parallel promise to thrust enemies from before you.
- Numbers 33:52-53 (structural): Instruction to dispossess the inhabitants and 'drive them out' of the land, echoing Deut.6.19's assurance that enemies will be removed as the LORD has spoken.
- Deuteronomy 7:22 (verbal): Declares that the LORD will drive out nations little by little before Israel, a closely related formulation about God's action against Israel's enemies.
- Deuteronomy 11:25 (thematic): Promises that no one will be able to stand before Israel and that the LORD will put the fear of you on the nations—another covenantal promise of removing opposition.
- Joshua 23:10 (allusion): Speaks of one Israelite chasing a thousand because the LORD fights for them—an outcome of God's promise to remove enemies and secure victory as in Deut.6.19.
Alternative generated candidates
- To thrust out all your enemies from before you, as the LORD has spoken.
- To drive out all your enemies from before you, as the LORD has spoken.
Deu.6.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- ישאלך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בנך: NOUN,m,sg,cstr+poss,2,m,sg
- מחר: ADV
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- מה: PRON,int
- העדת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- והחקים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- והמשפטים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Exodus 12:26-27 (structural): Same situation: a child asks about a rite (Passover) and the elders are instructed to explain its meaning and recount God's saving acts.
- Exodus 13:8,14 (verbal): Uses the same command to 'tell your son' (or explain to your child) the reason for Israel's observances — linking child-questioning with instruction about the Exodus.
- Deuteronomy 11:19 (verbal): Repeats the injunction to teach 'these words' to your children when you sit, walk, lie down and rise — closely parallel in wording and purpose to Deut 6:20–25's Q&A about the commandments.
- Psalm 78:5-7 (thematic): Calls the community to set God’s rule before their children and to tell the next generation of the Lord’s deeds so they in turn will teach their children — same emphasis on intergenerational instruction.
- Deuteronomy 4:9 (thematic): Warns to take care and teach the things God has shown so that children and grandchildren will know them — a broader restatement of the obligation behind the child’s question in Deut 6:20.
Alternative generated candidates
- When your son asks you tomorrow, saying, ‘What are the testimonies, the statutes, and the judgments which the LORD our God commanded you?’
- When your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What mean the testimonies, the statutes, and the ordinances which the LORD our God commanded you?’
Deu.6.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואמרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- לבנך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff,2,m,sg
- עבדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- היינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
- לפרעה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ויוציאנו: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg,suff,1,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ממצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- חזקה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 13:8 (quotation): Instruction at the Passover to tell one's child about the Exodus—near‑identical directive to recount that the LORD brought Israel out of Egypt (basis for Deut. 6:21).
- Exodus 6:6 (verbal): God's promise to Israel: 'I will bring you out... with an outstretched arm'—language of powerful deliverance ('mighty hand') that Deut. 6:21 echoes.
- Deuteronomy 26:5-8 (quotation): Liturgical declaration in the firstfruits/offerings ritual recounting slavery and saying that the LORD 'brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm'—same content and purpose of teaching the next generation.
- Psalm 78:42-53 (thematic): A communal retelling of Israel's bondage in Egypt and God's mighty acts of deliverance; thematically parallels the duty to recount the Exodus and God's power to later generations.
Alternative generated candidates
- then you shall say to your son, ‘We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt, and the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand.
- then you shall say to your son, ‘We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt, and the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand.'”},{
Deu.6.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אותת: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ומפתים: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- גדלים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ורעים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בפרעה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובכל: CONJ+PREP
- ביתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לעינינו: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,cons+PRON,1,pl
Parallels
- Exodus 7:3-5 (verbal): Both passages speak of God multiplying or bringing "signs and wonders" in the land of Egypt and against Pharaoh; Exodus explicitly states God will multiply signs and wonders and harden Pharaoh's heart.
- Exodus 4:21 (verbal): God tells Moses to perform wonders before Pharaoh—language and setting (wonders/signs before Pharaoh in Egypt) parallel Deut 6:22.
- Deuteronomy 4:34 (structural): An internal Deuteronomic parallel that recalls Gods acts "by signs and wonders" in delivering Israel, framing the same tradition within Deuteronomy's theological summary.
- Psalm 78:12 (thematic): The psalm recounts that God "wrought his signs in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of Zoan," echoing the theme of divine signs and wonders performed in Egypt.
- Acts 7:36 (thematic): Stephen's retelling of Israel's deliverance refers to Moses working "wonders and signs in the land of Egypt," echoing the same tradition of miraculous signs against Pharaoh and his house.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD showed signs and wonders—great and sore—upon Egypt, upon Pharaoh and all his household, before our eyes.
- And the LORD showed signs and wonders, great and dreadful, against Egypt— against Pharaoh and all his household— before our eyes.
Deu.6.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואותנו: PRON,1,pl,acc
- הוציא: VERB,hif,perf,3,ms,sg
- משם: PREP
- למען: PREP
- הביא: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- אתנו: PRON,1,pl
- לתת: VERB,qal,inf
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשבע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- לאבתינו: NOUN,m,pl,poss,1,pl
Parallels
- Exodus 3:8 (verbal): God’s promise to bring Israel out of Egypt and bring them into a good land echoes the same wording and purpose — bringing out in order to bring in to the promised land.
- Exodus 6:8 (verbal): Very close phrasing: God pledges to bring the people into the land He swore to give to their fathers, repeating the covenantal promise found in Deut. 6:23.
- Deuteronomy 1:8 (thematic): Moses’ commission to enter and possess the land parallels the purpose stated here — God brought Israel out so they might enter and take possession of the promised territory.
- Deuteronomy 7:8 (thematic): Explains the motive and covenant faithfulness: God brought Israel out because of His love and the oath sworn to their fathers, echoing the covenantal language of Deut. 6:23.
- Joshua 21:43-45 (structural): Narrative fulfillment: records that the LORD gave Israel the land He swore to their fathers, showing the promise in Deut. 6:23 realized in Israel’s settlement.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he brought us out from there to bring us in, to give us the land which he swore to our fathers.
- And he brought us out from there to bring us in, to give us the land which he swore to our fathers.
Deu.6.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויצונו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- החקים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- ליראה: VERB,qal,inf
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- לטוב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- כל: DET
- הימים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- לחיתנו: VERB,hiph,inf,1,pl
- כהיום: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
Parallels
- Deut.4.1-2 (verbal): Commands to observe statutes so that Israel may live and enter/possess the land—language of doing the laws for life echoes Deut 6:24's link between obedience and preservation.
- Lev.18.5 (verbal): “Keep my statutes…and you shall live by them” — a succinct legal-theological formulation parallel to Deut 6:24's promise that doing the statutes is for Israel's good and life.
- Deut.10.12-13 (thematic): Summarizes what Yahweh requires: to fear the LORD, walk in his ways and keep his commandments — closely parallels Deut 6:24’s emphasis on fearing God and obeying for the people's benefit.
- Deut.5.29 (thematic): Expresses the hope that Israel would fear God and keep his commandments always—reflects the same concern for fear-of-God and continual obedience as the purpose of the statutes in 6:24.
- Deut.30.16 (thematic): Commands to love the LORD, walk in his ways and keep his commandments 'that you may live and multiply'—parallels Deut 6:24's link between covenant fidelity and life/blessing.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD commanded us to do all these statutes, to fear the LORD our God, for our good always, that he might preserve us alive as at this day.
- And the LORD commanded us to observe all these statutes, to fear the LORD our God, for our good always, that he might preserve us as at this day.
Deu.6.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וצדקה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תהיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,f,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- כי: CONJ
- נשמר: VERB,niphal,impf,1,c,pl
- לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- המצוה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- כאשר: CONJ
- צונו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Deut.4:1 (verbal): Like 6:25, exhorts Israel to 'hear' and to 'observe and do' the statutes and judgments—links obedience to proper standing before the LORD.
- Deut.10:12-13 (thematic): Summarizes what God requires—fear the LORD, walk in his ways and keep his commandments—connecting obedience to fulfilling God's demand (i.e., right relationship).
- Deut.30:16 (verbal): Promises that keeping God's commandments and walking in his ways will result in well‑being/life—parallels 6:25’s claim that obedience will be righteousness for Israel.
- Psalm 119:1-2 (thematic): Attributes blessing/righteousness to those who walk blamelessly by keeping the law—echoes the association of righteousness with observance of the commandments.
- Romans 2:13 (allusion): New Testament formulation: 'not the hearers... but the doers of the law will be justified'—reflects the same principle that obedience (doing the commandment) yields righteousness/justification.
Alternative generated candidates
- And it shall be righteousness for us, if we are careful to do all this commandment before the LORD our God, as he has commanded us.
- And it will be righteousness for us, if we are careful to do all this commandment before the LORD our God, as he has commanded us.
And this is the commandment, the statutes and the ordinances which the LORD your God commanded me to teach you, that you may do them in the land into which you are passing over to possess it. So that you may fear the LORD your God, and keep all his statutes and his commandments that I command you, you and your son and your grandson, all the days of your life, and that your days may be long.
Hear therefore, O Israel, and be careful to do so, that it may be well with you and that you may multiply greatly, as the LORD, the God of your fathers, has promised you—a land flowing with milk and honey.
Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one.
You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. And these words that I command you this day shall be on your heart.
You shall teach them diligently to your children; you shall speak of them when you sit in your house, when you walk by the way, when you lie down, and when you rise up.
You shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes.
You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates. And it shall come to pass, when the LORD your God brings you into the land that he swore to your fathers—to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob—to give you great and good cities which you did not build,
and houses full of all good things which you did not fill, and hewn cisterns which you did not dig, and vineyards and olive trees which you did not plant, and you eat and are satisfied,
take heed lest you forget the LORD who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
You shall fear the LORD your God; you shall serve him, and by his name you shall swear.
You shall not go after other gods, those of the peoples who are around you.
For the LORD your God is a jealous God among you; lest the anger of the LORD your God be kindled against you and he destroy you from off the face of the earth.
You shall not put the LORD your God to the test, as you tested him at Massah.
You shall diligently keep the commandments of the LORD your God, and his testimonies and his statutes which he has commanded you.
You shall do what is right and good in the sight of the LORD, that it may be well with you, and that you may go in and possess the good land which the LORD swore to your fathers.
To thrust out all your enemies from before you, as the LORD has spoken.
When your son asks you in time to come, saying, ‘What are the testimonies and the statutes and the judgments which the LORD our God commanded you?’
Then you shall say to your son, ‘We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt, and the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand.'” And the LORD showed signs and wonders—great and terrible—against Egypt, against Pharaoh and all his household, before our eyes. And he brought us out from there to bring us in, to give us the land which he swore to our fathers. And the LORD commanded us to do all these statutes, to fear the LORD our God, for our good all the days, to keep us alive as at this day. And it will be righteousness for us, if we are careful to observe to do all this commandment before the LORD our God, as he has commanded us.