David’s Household and Philistine Submission
1 Chronicles 14:1-7
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1 C.14.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וישלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- חורם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- צר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלאכים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אל: NEG
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועצי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ארזים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וחרשי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- קיר: NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- וחרשי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עצים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לבנות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:11 (quotation): Almost verbatim parallel: Hiram king of Tyre sends messengers, cedar trees, and craftsmen to David to build him a house (direct narrative repetition).
- 1 Chronicles 17:1 (thematic): Continues the same narrative context: David dwelling in a house of cedar and the ensuing discussion about building a permanent house for God (links David’s cedar house to the temple-building theme).
- 1 Kings 5:1-12 (allusion): Hiram of Tyre provides cedar and skilled workers to Israel—here applied to Solomon’s large-scale building project; echoes the Tyrian-Israelite cooperation first attested in David’s dealings with Hiram.
- 1 Chronicles 22:4 (verbal): David’s preparations for the temple include gathering cedar and stone and organizing builders—language and materials echo 1 Chr 14:1’s mention of cedar and craftsmen supplied for building.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David—cedar trees, stonecutters, and carpenters—to build him a house.
- Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, cedar timber and stonemasons and carpenters to build him a house.
1 C.14.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- הכינו: VERB,hiph,imp,2,m,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- נשאת: PTCP,qal,ptcp,f,pl
- למעלה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מלכותו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+prs3m
- בעבור: PREP
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:2 (verbal): Direct parallel account of Israel acknowledging David's kingship; similar language about the LORD lifting up/exalting David to be king over Israel.
- 1 Chronicles 11:3 (structural): Parallel Chronicler narrative of the nation assembling and affirming David as king—another account of Israel's acceptance and David's rule being established.
- 2 Samuel 7:8-9 (thematic): God recounts how He took David from the sheepfold and made him ruler of Israel—theme of the LORD establishing and raising David's kingdom for Israel's sake.
- Psalm 89:20-24 (thematic): Psalm celebrating God's choice and exaltation of David (His anointed), emphasizing God’s causing David's throne and authority to stand over Israel.
- Acts 13:22 (allusion): New Testament summary of Israel’s history: God removed Saul and 'raised up David to be their king,' echoing the divine initiative in establishing David’s kingship.
Alternative generated candidates
- David knew that the LORD had established him king over Israel, for the LORD had exalted his kingdom on account of his people Israel.
- And David perceived that the LORD had established him as king over Israel, for his sovereignty had been exalted on behalf of his people Israel.
1 C.14.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עוד: ADV
- נשים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויולד: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- דויד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עוד: ADV
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ובנות: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:13 (verbal): Direct parallel/quotation — Samuel records the same statement that David took more wives in Jerusalem and fathered more sons and daughters.
- 2 Samuel 5:14–16 (structural): Continues the Samuel account by listing the names of the sons born to David in Jerusalem, parallel to Chronicles’ brief notice of additional offspring.
- 1 Chronicles 3:5 (structural): Chronicles elsewhere records the genealogy of David’s sons (including those born in Jerusalem), expanding on the brief note here about additional children.
- 2 Samuel 12:24 (thematic): After the Bathsheba episode Samuel reports the birth of Solomon; thematically related as part of the narrative of David’s growing household and offspring.
Alternative generated candidates
- David took more wives in Jerusalem, and David fathered more sons and daughters.
- David took additional wives in Jerusalem, and David fathered more sons and daughters.
1 C.14.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלה: CONJ+DEM,pl,abs
- שמות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הילודים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- היו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- בירושלם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שמוע: VERB,qal,infc
- ושובב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ושלמה: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Sam.5.14 (verbal): Gives the same list of sons born to David in Jerusalem (Shammua/Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon), a near-duplicate of the names.
- 1 Chr.3.5 (verbal): Repeats the roster of David’s sons by Bathsheba (Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon), paralleling the names given here.
- 2 Sam.12.24-25 (thematic): Narrates the birth and naming of Solomon (and God’s love for him), connecting to this verse’s mention of Solomon as one of the sons born to David.
- Matt.1.6 (allusion): New Testament genealogy that records Solomon as David’s son (born to the wife of Uriah/Bathsheba), underscoring Solomon’s significance in David’s lineage mentioned here.
Alternative generated candidates
- And these are the names of the sons who were born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon.
- Now the names of the sons born to him in Jerusalem were Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon.
1 C.14.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבחר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ואלישוע: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואלפלט: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:9-10 (verbal): Chronicles 14 and 2 Samuel 5 parallel the account of David establishing himself in Jerusalem (the 'city of David') and building/fortifying it; much of the language and sequence is shared between the books.
- 2 Samuel 5:11 (structural): Both accounts record the interaction with Hiram king of Tyre (cedar, craftsmen) and the building activity associated with David’s establishment in Jerusalem; Chronicles compresses and reshapes the material found here.
- 2 Samuel 5:17-25 (thematic): Chronicles 14 and 2 Samuel 5 narrate the same two Philistine incursions and David’s victories (Baal‑Perazim and the later ambush), showing close thematic and narrative correspondence.
- 1 Chronicles 11:1-9 (allusion): The acceptance of David as king over all Israel and the consolidation of his rule in Jerusalem in 1 Chr 11 provides a parallel framework to the events in 1 Chr 14 that portray David’s secure kingship and military successes.
Alternative generated candidates
- Ibhar, Elishua, and Eliphelet.
- Ibhar, Elishua, and Eliphalet.
1 C.14.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונגה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ונפג: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ויפיע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Sam 5:17-25 (quotation): Direct parallel narrative: Chronicles 14 recounts the same Philistine incursions and David’s responses found in this Samuel passage (the same events told in a slightly different form).
- 2 Sam 5:20 (verbal): Speaks of David’s victory at Baal‑Perazim and the LORD ‘breaking forth’ against the enemy—language and imagery closely related to the verbs of rout and rupture in 1 Chr 14:6.
- 2 Sam 8:1 (thematic): A summary statement of David’s subjugation of the Philistines, echoing the theme of repeated Philistine defeats attested in 1 Chr 14:6.
- 1 Sam 17:45-47 (thematic): David’s deliverance of Israel from the Philistines by reliance on Yahweh prefigures and thematically parallels the victories attributed to David in 1 Chr 14:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia.
- Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia.
1 C.14.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלישמע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ובעלידע: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואליפלט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 2 Samuel 5:14 (verbal): Direct parallel list of the sons born to David in Jerusalem; many of the same names appear ( Chronicles’ list corresponds to 2 Samuel’s genealogy).
- 1 Chronicles 14:6 (structural): Immediate context in the same chapter; verse 6 introduces the statement ‘these are the names of his sons that were born unto him in Jerusalem,’ of which v.7 is the continuation (same narrative unit).
- 1 Chronicles 3:5 (thematic): Another genealogical listing of David’s sons that overlaps with the Jerusalem-born sons; Chronicles repeats and arranges David’s offspring in different contexts, showing parallel genealogical material.
- 2 Samuel 3:2-5 (thematic): Lists the sons born to David in Hebron (Amnon, Chileab/Daniel, Absalom, etc.); serves as a complementary parallel showing the distinction between sons born in Hebron versus those born later in Jerusalem.
Alternative generated candidates
- Elishama, Beeliada, and Eliphelet.
- Elishama, Beeliada, and Eliphelet.
And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David—cedar logs and stonemasons and carpenters of wood—to build him a house. And David perceived that the LORD had made him king over Israel, for his kingdom had been exalted on behalf of his people Israel.
David took additional wives in Jerusalem, and David fathered more sons and daughters. And these are the names of the sons born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon.
Ibhar, Elishua, and Eliphelet.
Nogah, Nepheg, and Japhia.
Elishama, Beeliada, and Eliphelet.