The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper
Mark 14:12-26
Mark.14.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- πρωτη: ADJ,nom,sg,f
- ημερα: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- αζυμων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
- οτε: CONJ
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πασχα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
- εθυον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- λεγουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- αυτου·Που: PRON,gen,sg,m;ADV
- θελεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- απελθοντες: PART,aor,act,nom,pl,m
- ετοιμασωμεν: VERB,aor,act,subj,1,pl
- ινα: CONJ
- φαγης: VERB,aor,act,subj,2,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πασχα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
Parallels
- Matthew 26:17 (verbal): Direct synoptic parallel: disciples ask Jesus where to prepare the Passover meal; wording and sequence closely mirror Mark 14:12–16.
- Luke 22:7-8 (verbal): Synoptic parallel that situates the event on the day of Unleavened Bread and records the disciples' question about where to prepare the Passover.
- John 13:1-2 (thematic): John places Jesus' final meal in the immediate Passover context ('before the feast of the Passover') and describes preparation for the meal, thematically linking to Mark's setting.
- Exodus 12:6 (allusion): Old Testament law about the Passover lamb being kept until the fourteenth day provides the ritual background to Mark's reference to the day of Unleavened Bread when the Passover is sacrificed.
- 1 Corinthians 5:7 (thematic): Paul's identification of Christ as our Passover lamb echoes the theological significance of the Passover setting for Jesus' final meal and impending sacrifice.
Alternative generated candidates
- On the first day of Unleavened Bread, when they sacrificed the Passover, his disciples said to him, "Where do you want us to go and prepare for you to eat the Passover?"
- On the first day of Unleavened Bread, when they were to sacrifice the Passover, his disciples said to him, 'Where do you want us to go and prepare for you to eat the Passover?'
Mark.14.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αποστελλει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- δυο: NUM,acc,pl,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- μαθητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Υπαγετε: PRON,dat,pl,3+VERB,pres,act,imp,2,pl
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- πολιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- απαντησει: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- ανθρωπος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- κεραμιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- υδατος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- βασταζων·ακολουθησατε: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,sg,m + VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Luke 22:10-12 (verbal): Nearly identical instruction about a man carrying a jar of water to be followed; same locating device and wording, showing direct Synoptic parallel to Mark's pericope.
- Matthew 26:17-19 (thematic): Accounts the preparation for the Passover meal with Jesus sending disciples into the city to make arrangements; parallels the occasion and function of the commission though some details differ.
- Mark 11:2-3 (structural): Earlier Markan episode where Jesus sends disciples into a village with specific instructions about what they will find (a colt); parallels the narrative pattern of commissioning disciples to secure needed provisions or places.
- Matthew 21:2-3 (structural): Matthew's version of the colt commission (parallel to Mark 11) demonstrates the Gospel writers' shared narrative device—sending disciples into a town to find and follow a designated person/object—comparable to the 'man with a water jar' motif in Mark 14:13.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he sent two of his disciples and said to them, "Go into the city, and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you; follow him.
- And he sent two of his disciples and said to them, 'Go into the city, and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you; follow him.
Mark.14.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- οπου: ADV,rel
- εαν: CONJ
- εισελθη: VERB,aor,mid,subj,3,sg
- ειπατε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- οικοδεσποτη: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- οτι: CONJ
- Ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- διδασκαλος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- λεγει·Που: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- καταλυμα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- οπου: ADV,rel
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πασχα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
- μετα: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- μαθητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- φαγω: VERB,aor,act,sub,1,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 26:18 (verbal): Matthew gives a near-verbatim parallel instruction to the disciples to find a man and tell him, 'The Teacher says: Where is my guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?'.
- Luke 22:11 (verbal): Luke recounts the same directive: tell the owner of the house that 'The Teacher says, Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?' (part of the preparation for the Last Supper).
- 1 Corinthians 11:23-26 (quotation): Paul records the tradition of the Lord’s Supper—Jesus’ words and actions at the Passover meal—drawing on the same Last Supper event that Mark is preparing to narrate.
- John 13:2-4 (thematic): John describes Jesus reclining with his disciples at the supper and performing key actions (e.g., washing the disciples' feet), thematically linking to the Last Supper setting Mark prepares by arranging the guest room.
- Acts 1:13 (structural): Acts later situates the disciples in an 'upper room' (the same kind of guest room) as a setting for pivotal post-resurrection/ascension gatherings, echoing the importance of the meeting place introduced in Mark’s Passover preparations.
Alternative generated candidates
- Wherever he enters, say to the householder, 'The Teacher says, Where is the guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?'
- And wherever he enters, say to the master of the house, “The Teacher says, ‘Where is the guest room in which I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’”
Mark.14.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- δειξει: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- αναγαιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- μεγα: ADJ,acc,sg,n
- εστρωμενον: VERB,perf,pass,part,acc,sg,n
- ετοιμον·και: ADJ,acc,sg,n
- εκει: ADV
- ετοιμασατε: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- ημιν: PRON,dat,pl,1
Parallels
- Matthew 26:18 (quotation): Parallel instruction in Matthew's Passion narrative: Jesus tells disciples to go and prepare the Passover in a furnished upper room (verbal and narrative parallel).
- Luke 22:12 (quotation): Luke records the same command—Jesus says a man carrying a jar of water will show them an upstairs room already prepared for the Passover (closely parallels Mark's wording and detail).
- Mark 14:14 (verbal): Immediate context in Mark: the preceding verse describes the man carrying a jar of water whom they are to follow—directly connected instructions for locating the upper room.
- Acts 1:13 (structural): Later New Testament reference to the disciples gathering in the 'upper room'—traditionally identified with the same location where they had kept the Last Supper and later met in prayer.
- 1 Corinthians 11:23-26 (thematic): Paul's account of the institution of the Lord's Supper draws on the tradition of the Last Supper (the event for which the upper room was prepared) and reflects its theological significance.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he will show you a large upper room, furnished and ready; there make preparations for us."
- And he will show you a large upper room furnished and ready; there prepare for us.'
Mark.14.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εξηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- ηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- πολιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ευρον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- καθως: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- και: CONJ
- ητοιμασαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πασχα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
Parallels
- Mark 14:12 (structural): Immediate narrative precursor: Jesus tells two disciples to prepare the Passover; they leave to do so and later find things 'as he had told them.'
- Matthew 26:17-19 (verbal): Synoptic parallel — the disciples prepare the Passover at Jesus' instruction, find things as he said, and make ready for the meal (closely matches Mark's wording and sequence).
- Luke 22:7-13 (verbal): Synoptic parallel — Luke records Jesus sending the disciples to find a man with a jar and prepare the Passover in the upper room; they find everything as he had described and prepare the meal.
- 1 Corinthians 11:23-26 (thematic): Thematic parallel — Paul's account of the institution of the Lord's Supper ties Jesus' final meal (the Passover meal he prepared) to the establishment of the Eucharist, highlighting the theological significance of that prepared Passover.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the disciples went and entered the city and found it just as he had told them, and they prepared the Passover.
- And the disciples went and came into the city and found it just as he had told them; and they prepared the Passover.
Mark.14.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- οψιας: NOUN,gen,sg,fem
- γενομενης: VERB,aor,mid,part,gen,sg,f
- ερχεται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
- μετα: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- δωδεκα: NUM,acc,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:20 (verbal): Matthew records the same moment: 'When even was come, he sat down with the twelve,' a close verbal and narrative parallel to Mark's 'evening... he cometh with the twelve.'
- Luke 22:14 (verbal): Luke similarly situates Jesus at table with the twelve at the appointed hour ('When the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him'), paralleling Mark's timing and company at the Last Supper.
- John 13:1-2 (thematic): John places Jesus in the context of the final evening meal with his disciples (the Last Supper) and develops the theological significance and actions (e.g., foot‑washing) tied to that evening, thematically parallel to Mark's brief narrative note.
- 1 Corinthians 11:23-25 (quotation): Paul quotes the tradition of Jesus' words and actions at the Last Supper ('the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread...'), connecting to the same evening meal scene Mark introduces in 14:17.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when evening came he arrived with the twelve.
- And when evening came he arrived with the twelve.
Mark.14.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ανακειμενων: PTCP,pres,mid,gen,pl,m
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- εσθιοντων: PTCP,pres,act,gen,pl,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- Ιησους: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ειπεν·Αμην: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- λεγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- οτι: CONJ
- εις: PREP
- εξ: PREP
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- παραδωσει: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- εσθιων: PTCP,pres,act,nom,sg,m
- μετ᾽εμου: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,1
Parallels
- Matthew 26:21 (verbal): Nearly identical wording at the Last Supper: Jesus tells the disciples, 'Truly I say to you, one of you will betray me.'
- Luke 22:21 (verbal): Luke records the same announcement at the Passover meal that one of the companions will betray Jesus.
- John 13:21-26 (verbal): John narrates Jesus' declaration that a disciple will betray him and the subsequent identification of Judas (the giving of the morsel).
- Psalm 41:9 (allusion): The image of a close companion who 'eats my bread' who turns against the speaker is invoked in the Gospels (esp. John) as a prophetic background for the betrayal.
- Mark 14:10-11 (structural): Immediate narrative context in Mark: Judas goes to the chief priests to arrange Jesus' betrayal, which frames the warning at the meal.
Alternative generated candidates
- And as they were reclining and eating, he said, "Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me — one who is eating with me."
- And as they were reclining and eating, he said, 'Truly I tell you, one of you who is eating with me will betray me.'
Mark.14.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ηρξαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- λυπεισθαι: VERB,pres,mid/pass,inf
- και: CONJ
- λεγειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- κατα: PREP
- εις·Μητι: PART,int
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
Parallels
- Matthew 26:22 (verbal): Close verbal parallel — at the Last Supper the disciples are 'exceeding sorrowful' and each asks, 'Lord, is it I?,' matching Mark's report.
- Luke 22:23 (thematic): Same episode in Luke: the disciples begin to question among themselves which of them will do this, echoing the concern and inquiry after Jesus' announcement of betrayal.
- John 13:25 (structural): In John a disciple (the one reclining on Jesus' breast) asks, 'Lord, who is it?,' a parallel narrative element in the context of Jesus' prediction of betrayal.
- Mark 14:18 (structural): Immediate Markan context: Jesus' declaration that one of them will betray him directly prompts the disciples' sorrowful question, linking the announcement and the 'Is it I?' responses.
Alternative generated candidates
- They began to be distressed and to say to him, each one, "Is it I?"
- They began to be sorrowful and to say to him one by one, 'Surely it is not I?'
Mark.14.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Εις: PRON,dat,pl,3;NUM,nom,sg,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- δωδεκα: NUM,acc,pl,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- εμβαπτομενος: VERB,pres,mid,part,nom,sg,m
- μετ᾽εμου: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,1
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- τρυβλιον·: NOUN,acc,sg,n
Parallels
- Matthew 26:23 (verbal): Nearly identical wording and context: at the Last Supper Jesus says the betrayer is 'one of the twelve, the one who dips his hand with me in the dish.'
- John 13:26 (verbal): Narrates the moment Jesus identifies Judas by giving him a dipped morsel—directly connects betrayer with the act of dipping at the meal.
- Luke 22:21 (thematic): Same Last Supper setting and announcement of a close companion's betrayal: 'the hand of him who betrays me is with me on the table.'
- Psalm 41:9 (allusion): Old Testament background quoted in the Gospels (e.g., John 13:18) about a close companion who 'ate my bread'—thematises betrayal by one who shared a meal.
Alternative generated candidates
- He said to them, "It is one of the twelve, one who is dipping with me in the dish.
- He said to them, 'It is one of the twelve, one who dips with me into the dish.
Mark.14.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- οτι: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- μεν: PART
- υιος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ανθρωπου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- υπαγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- καθως: CONJ
- γεγραπται: VERB,perf,pass,ind,3,sg
- περι: PREP
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- ουαι: INTJ
- δε: CONJ
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ανθρωπω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- εκεινω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- δι᾽ου: PREP+REL,gen,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- υιος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ανθρωπου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- παραδιδοται·καλον: VERB,pres,pass,ind,3,sg+ADJ,neut,sg,nom
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ουκ: PART,neg
- εγεννηθη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ανθρωπος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εκεινος: PRON,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:24 (verbal): Nearly identical wording—Jesus says the Son of Man goes as written, and pronounces woe on the man who betrays him, adding the line that it would be better for him not to have been born.
- Luke 22:22 (verbal): Parallel account of the prediction of betrayal: the Son of Man goes as appointed, and woe to the man by whom he is betrayed (similar warning though Luke’s wording is briefer).
- John 13:21-30 (thematic): Narrative of the announcement and identification of the betrayer (Judas); shares the theme of imminent betrayal and the moral/eschatological judgment on the betrayer.
- Psalm 41:9 (allusion): An Old Testament text used elsewhere in the Gospels to predict betrayal by a close associate (‘my close friend who shared my bread’); Mark’s phrase “as it is written” likely points to such prophetic/psalmic precedent.
- Acts 1:16-20 (thematic): Peter interprets Judas’s betrayal and tragic end in light of Scripture, treating the betrayal as fulfillment of written prophecy—parallels Mark’s linking of the betrayal with what was ‘written.’
Alternative generated candidates
- For the Son of Man goes as it is written of him; but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been better for that man if he had not been born."
- 'For the Son of Man goes as it is written of him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed. It would be better for that man if he had not been born.'
Mark.14.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- εσθιοντων: VERB,pres,act,ptc,gen,pl,m
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- λαβων: PART,aor,act,nom,sg,m
- αρτον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- ευλογησας: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,sg,m
- εκλασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- εδωκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν·Λαβετε: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg+VERB,aor,act,imp,2,pl
- τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- σωμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
Parallels
- Matthew 26:26 (verbal): Almost identical wording: Jesus takes bread, blesses, breaks, gives it and says 'Take, eat; this is my body' — a direct verbal parallel to Mark's institution narrative.
- Luke 22:19 (verbal): Luke preserves the same institution formula ('This is my body') and adds the injunction to 'do this in remembrance of me,' linking the action to ritual remembrance.
- 1 Corinthians 11:23-24 (quotation): Paul quotes the tradition of the Lord's Supper (took bread, gave thanks, broke it: 'this is my body'), showing early liturgical transmission of the Mark/Matthew/Luke wording.
- John 6:51 (thematic): Jesus' 'I am the living bread; my flesh is true food' discourse thematically connects eating Jesus' body for life with the Eucharistic language of Mark 14:22.
- Mark 14:24 (structural): Immediate companion verse within the same pericope where Jesus follows 'this is my body' with 'this is my blood of the covenant,' forming the paired body/blood institution formula.
Alternative generated candidates
- And as they were eating, he took bread; and after blessing it he broke it and gave it to them, and said, "Take; this is my body."
- And as they were eating he took bread, and after blessing it he broke it and gave it to them and said, 'Take; this is my body.'
Mark.14.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- λαβων: PART,aor,act,nom,sg,m
- ποτηριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- ευχαριστησας: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,sg,m
- εδωκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- και: CONJ
- επιον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- εξ: PREP
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:27 (verbal): Nearly identical synoptic account: Jesus takes the cup, gives thanks, gives it to the disciples, and they drink.
- Luke 22:17-20 (verbal): Luke records the same cup episode (giving thanks and distributing the cup) and links it explicitly to the proclamation of the new covenant.
- 1 Corinthians 11:25 (quotation): Paul cites Jesus’ words about the cup as ‘the new covenant in my blood’ when giving an early Eucharistic formula, echoing the Last Supper tradition.
- Matthew 26:28 (thematic): Provides the theological interpretation of the cup in the synoptic tradition—‘my blood of the covenant’—connecting the action of drinking to the new covenant motif.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank from it.
- And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank from it.
Mark.14.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτοις·Τουτο: PRON,dat,pl,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- αιμα: NOUN,nom,sg,neut
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- διαθηκης: NOUN,gen,sg,fem
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- εκχυννομενον: PART,pres,pass,nom/acc,neut,sg
- υπερ: PREP
- πολλων: ADJ,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:28 (verbal): Nearly identical wording: 'This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many'—Matthew preserves the same covenantal/blood language.
- Luke 22:20 (verbal): Luke records the saying in the Lord's Supper formula ('this cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you'), echoing the covenant and 'poured out' language.
- 1 Corinthians 11:25 (verbal): Paul cites Jesus' words in the context of the Lord’s Supper: 'This cup is the new covenant in my blood'—a direct early Christian repetition of the Markan/Matthean tradition.
- Exodus 24:8 (quotation): Mosaic covenant background: Moses sprinkles blood and declares 'This is the blood of the covenant,' providing the Old Testament matrix for Jesus' 'blood of the covenant' formula.
- Isaiah 53:12 (thematic): Servant-of-YHWH language: 'he bore the sin of many' and was 'poured out'—thematically links the suffering/vicarious sacrifice 'for many' with Jesus' poured-out blood.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he said to them, "This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.
- And he said to them, 'This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.
Mark.14.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- αμην: PART
- λεγω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- υμιν: PRON,dat,pl,2
- οτι: CONJ
- ουκετι: ADV
- ου: PART,neg
- μη: PART
- πιω: VERB,aor,act,subj,1,sg
- εκ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- γενηματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- αμπελου: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- εως: CONJ
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- ημερας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- εκεινης: PRON,gen,sg,f
- οταν: CONJ
- αυτο: PRON,acc,sg,neut
- πινω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- καινον: ADJ,acc,sg,n
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- βασιλεια: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:29 (verbal): Nearly identical saying: Jesus will not drink of the fruit of the vine until he drinks it new in the kingdom (here 'kingdom of heaven'), a direct synoptic parallel.
- Luke 22:18 (verbal): Very similar wording about not drinking the cup again until the kingdom of God comes—another synoptic verbal parallel emphasizing the eschatological meal.
- 1 Corinthians 11:26 (thematic): Paul's linking of the Lord's Supper to the future ('until he comes') echoes Mark's expectation that the messianic meal will occur in the eschatological kingdom.
- Revelation 19:9 (thematic): The imagery of the marriage supper of the Lamb as the eschatological feast corresponds to Jesus' promise of drinking anew in God's kingdom—a consummating, celebratory meal.
- Isaiah 25:6 (allusion): Prophetic banquet motif (a lavish feast prepared on the mountain) provides Old Testament background for New Testament expectations of a messianic/eschatological meal referenced in Mark 14:25.
Alternative generated candidates
- Truly I tell you, I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God."
- 'Truly I tell you, I will never again drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.'
Mark.14.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- υμνησαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- εξηλθον: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- Ορος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- Ελαιων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
Parallels
- Matthew 26:30 (verbal): Nearly identical wording—after singing a hymn they went out to the Mount of Olives (direct verbal parallel to Mark).
- Luke 22:39 (structural): Luke places Jesus’ departure to the Mount of Olives/Gethsemane at the same point after the meal, emphasizing the movement to the place of prayer/arrest.
- John 18:1 (structural): John describes Jesus going with his disciples across the Kidron valley to a garden at the Mount of Olives immediately before his arrest—parallel movement/location to Mark’s account.
- Mark 14:32 (structural): Immediate Markan continuation: they arrive at Gethsemane on the Mount of Olives, linking the hymn/departure to the ensuing prayer and arrest scene.
- Psalms 113–118 (Hallel) (thematic): The ‘hymn’ sung at Passover is traditionally the Hallel (Pss. 113–118); Mark’s ‘they sang a hymn’ alludes to this liturgical practice at the Last Supper.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.
- And when they had sung a hymn they went out to the Mount of Olives.
And on the first day of Unleavened Bread, when they were preparing to sacrifice the Passover, his disciples said to him, "Where do you want us to go and make ready so that you may eat the Passover?" And he sent two of his disciples and said to them, "Go into the city; and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him.
Wherever he enters, say to the master of the house, 'The Teacher says, Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?' And he will show you a large upper room, furnished and ready; there make preparations for us." And they went and found it just as he had told them; and they prepared the Passover. And when evening came he arrived with the twelve.
As they reclined and were eating, he said, "Truly I tell you, one of you who is eating with me will betray me."
They began to be greatly distressed and to say to him, one after another, "Surely not I?"
He said to them, "It is one of the twelve, one who dips with me in the dish.
For the Son of Man goes as it is written of him; but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for that man if he had never been born." And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it he broke it and gave it to them, and said, "Take; this is my body." And he took a cup, and after giving thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it. And he said to them, "This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.
Truly I tell you, I will never again drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God." And when they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.