Day of Atonement Offerings
Numbers 29:7-11
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Num.29.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובעשור: CONJ+PREP+NUM,ord,m,sg,abs
- לחדש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השביעי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- הזה: DEM,m,sg
- מקרא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- ועניתם: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- נפשתיכם: NOUN,f,pl,abs,2,mp
- כל: DET
- מלאכה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 16:29 (quotation): Direct statutory parallel prescribing the tenth day of the seventh month as Day of Atonement: 'ye shall afflict your souls' and 'do no work'—same language and command.
- Leviticus 23:27–32 (verbal): Gives the festival-law account of the tenth day (Yom Kippur): a holy convocation, afflicting the soul, and a day of rest with no work—closely mirrors Numbers 29:7.
- Joel 2:15–16 (structural): Calls for blowing the trumpet, a solemn/holy assembly and gathering of the people—parallels the idea of a communal 'mikra qodesh' (holy convocation) on appointed sacred days.
- Isaiah 58:5–7 (thematic): Addresses the meaning of fasting/afflicting the soul versus mere ritual: thematically related to the purpose and ethical import of 'afflicting your souls' on sacred fast days like the tenth of the seventh month.
Alternative generated candidates
- On the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls; you shall not do any ordinary work of labor.
- And on the tenth day of this seventh month it shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls; you shall not do any ordinary work.
Num.29.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והקרבתם: VERB,hiphil,perf,2,m,pl
- עלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- ריח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ניחח: ADJ,m,sg
- פר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
- איל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
- כבשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שבעה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תמימם: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- יהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 1:3 (verbal): Uses the same sacrificial formula for a burnt offering: a male of the herd 'without blemish' (tamim) offered to the LORD.
- Exodus 12:5 (verbal): Passover lamb requirement—'a male of the first year, without blemish'—echoes the demand for unblemished animals for sacred sacrifice.
- Numbers 28:11-12 (structural): A parallel liturgical list for monthly/new‑moon offerings that likewise prescribes bulls, rams and seven one‑year‑old lambs as a 'pleasing aroma' to the LORD—same ritual vocabulary and numeric pattern.
- Leviticus 22:20-22 (thematic): Declares the general rule that offerings presented to Yahweh must be without defect; underlines the ethical/ritual requirement behind the 'tammim' animals in Num 29:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD, a pleasing aroma: one young bull, one ram, and seven yearling lambs, without blemish.
- And you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD, a pleasing aroma: one young bull, one ram, and seven yearling lambs, without blemish.
Num.29.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומנחתם: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,poss3,m,pl
- סלת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בלולה: ADJ,ptc,pas,f,sg,abs
- בשמן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שלשה: NUM,m
- עשרנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לפר: PREP
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- עשרנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לאיל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
Parallels
- Numbers 28:5–6 (verbal): Repeats the same offering formula—fine flour mingled with oil—and the prescribed measures apportioned to the bull, ram, and goat as part of the sacrificial regimen.
- Leviticus 2:1–3 (thematic): Provides the general law for grain (meal) offerings of fine flour mixed with oil; Num 29:9 applies this basic meal‑offering rule within a festival sacrifice.
- Exodus 29:40–41 (structural): Gives a parallel ritual formula for daily/ordained offerings pairing animal sacrifices with a meal offering of flour and oil, showing the same sacrificial pattern and quantities.
- Leviticus 6:14–18 (allusion): Describes the continual burnt offering and its attendant meal offering (flour mingled with oil) and the priestly handling of those offerings, reflecting the same liturgical configuration invoked in Num 29:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their grain offering shall be fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram.
- And their grain offering shall be fine flour mixed with oil—thirty cakes for the bull, twenty for the one ram.
Num.29.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עשרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשרון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לכבש: VERB,qal,inf
- האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
- לשבעת: PREP+NUM,card,m,pl,abs
- הכבשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Numbers 29:11 (structural): Immediate neighboring verse continuing the same liturgical list of animal offerings for the festival day—part of the same sacrificial unit and formulaic repetition.
- Numbers 29:12 (structural): Further continuation of the multi-day schedule of sacrifices in chapter 29; shows the pattern of specified numbers and kinds of animals for successive festival days.
- Numbers 28:11-15 (thematic): Prescribes a comparable roster of burnt offerings (bull, ram, lambs) for the regular New Moon/Sabbath sacrifices—parallel ritual vocabulary and sacrificial structure.
- Leviticus 23:36-37 (thematic): Sets out the general requirement to offer specified burnt and grain offerings on appointed feast days; provides the broader cultic framework into which Numbers 29’s detailed lists fit.
Alternative generated candidates
- And one tenth for each lamb, for the seven lambs.
- A tenth of an ephah for one lamb—this for the seven lambs.
Num.29.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שעיר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
- חטאת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מלבד: PREP
- חטאת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הכפרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ועלת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- התמיד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ומנחתה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,fs
- ונסכיהם: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,poss3,m,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 28:11-12 (verbal): Uses almost identical cultic formula—'one he-goat for a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering and its grain offering and their drink offerings'—listing offerings for sacred observance.
- Leviticus 16:10-15 (thematic): Day of Atonement provision of goats as sin offerings (one for the LORD, one for Azazel)—connects the function of a goat as a sin/atonement offering for the community and sanctuary.
- Leviticus 23:36 (structural): Festival-offering formula similar in shape: lists specific sacrifices 'besides the burnt offering for the continual... and its grain offering and their drink offerings,' showing the standard liturgical pattern for holy days.
- Exodus 29:38-42 (verbal): Describes the continual burnt offering and its attendant grain and drink offerings (the regular cultic framework), paralleling the recurring phrase and liturgical context of the verse.
Alternative generated candidates
- One male goat for a sin offering—besides the sin offering for atonement—and the continual burnt offering and its grain offering and their libations.
- One male goat as a sin offering, besides the sin offering for atonement, and the continual burnt offering and its grain offering, with their libations.
And on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall afflict your souls; you shall not do any ordinary work. And you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD, a pleasing aroma: one young bull, one ram, and seven yearling lambs, without blemish.
Their grain offering shall be fine flour mixed with oil: thirteen cakes for the bull, twelve for the ram.
Ten cakes for each lamb—ten for each of the seven lambs.
One male goat as a sin offering, besides the sin offering for atonement, and the continual burnt offering and its grain offering and their libations.