Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle
Exodus 35:4-29
Exo.35.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- כל: DET
- עדת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
- זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
- הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Exodus 24:3 (verbal): Moses reports directly to the assembly 'all the words of the LORD'—similar formula of Moses relaying divine commands to Israel.
- Deuteronomy 5:1 (structural): Moses summons the whole congregation to announce God's command (the Decalogue), paralleling the setting of addressing 'all the congregation of Israel' with a divine message.
- Exodus 25:1-2 (quotation): God's command to bring offerings for the sanctuary—content directly related to Exodus 35 where Moses declares the LORD's instructions about contributions and the tabernacle.
- Joshua 8:34 (thematic): A community reading/recital of God's law by a leader to all Israel—echoes the practice of publicly proclaiming the LORD's commands to the assembly.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Moses said to all the congregation of the Israelites, saying, This is the thing that the LORD has commanded, saying:
- And Moses said to all the congregation of the Israelites, saying, This is the thing that the LORD has commanded, saying:
Exo.35.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- קחו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- מאתכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
- תרומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- נדיב: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- לבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- יביאה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- תרומת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- זהב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכסף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונחשת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 25:1-3 (quotation): Earlier command to the people to bring an offering for the tabernacle — calls for voluntary gifts of gold, silver, and bronze, repeating the instruction found in Exod 35:5.
- Exodus 35:20-29 (verbal): Narrative report of the Israelites' response: men and women whose hearts moved brought freewill offerings of gold, silver, and bronze — language and materials mirror the command in 35:5.
- Exodus 36:3-7 (structural): Record of the craftsmen asking Moses to stop accepting contributions because the people had brought more than enough — shows the outcome and communal fulfillment of the call for willing gifts.
- 1 Chronicles 29:3-9 (thematic): David and the princes request and receive voluntary gifts of gold, silver, and brass for the temple; emphasis on freewill giving and willing hearts parallels Exodus' appeal.
- 2 Corinthians 9:7 (thematic): Paul's principle that each person should give what they have decided in their heart, not grudgingly, for God loves a cheerful (willing) giver — reflects the ethical/theological motif of giving from a willing heart in Exod 35:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- Take from among you a contribution for the LORD. Everyone whose heart is willing shall bring it—the LORD’s contribution: gold, silver, and bronze;
- Take from among you a contribution for the LORD; everyone whose heart is willing shall bring it—the LORD’s contribution—gold, and silver, and bronze;
Exo.35.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותכלת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וארגמן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותולעת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- ושש: CONJ+NUM,card,m,sg
- ועזים: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exod.25:4-5 (verbal): Direct repetition of the same list of materials (blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, goats' hair) given earlier as contributions for the tabernacle.
- Exod.26:1 (verbal): Uses the same colors and fine linen (blue, purple, scarlet, fine twined linen) in the instructions for the tabernacle curtains—verbal parallel in material specification.
- Exod.28:5-6 (verbal): Similar catalogue of materials (blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen) applied to the making of the priestly garments—shared vocabulary and materials.
- 1 Chron.28:11-12 (thematic): David hands Solomon plans and specifications for the house of the LORD; thematically related as part of the broader tradition of prescribed materials and skilled workmanship for sacred construction.
Alternative generated candidates
- and blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen, and goat hair;
- and blue and purple and scarlet yarn, and fine linen, and goats’ hair;
Exo.35.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וערת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אילם: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מאדמים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- וערת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תחשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ועצי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,con
- שטים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 25:3-7 (verbal): An earlier command listing the same contributions for the Tabernacle (gold, silver, brass, blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, goats' hair, rams' skins, acacia wood, onyx stones and stones to be set) — the source wording for Exod 35:7.
- Exodus 28:9-12 (verbal): Specifies the onyx stones to be used in the ephod (engraved with the names of Israel) and their settings — closely related language and materials (onyx, settings) to Exod 35:7.
- Exodus 36:8-19 (structural): A parallel narrative that repeats the people's bringing of materials and the craftsmen's receipt/use of items (including onyx stones and acacia wood), echoing the material list in Exod 35:7 as the work begins.
- 1 Chronicles 29:3-5 (thematic): David's soliciting and receiving of gold, silver, bronze, and wood for the building of the temple parallels the communal offering theme and the catalogue of sacred building materials found in Exod 35:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- and rams’ skins dyed red, and fine leather, and acacia wood;
- and rams’ skins dyed red, and fine leather, and acacia wood;
Exo.35.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושמן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- למאור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובשמים: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לשמן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המשחה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ולקטרת: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הסמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Exodus 25:6 (verbal): Almost identical itemized list in the earlier instructions for contributions to the Tabernacle: 'oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.' Direct verbal parallel.
- Exodus 27:20-21 (verbal): Commands Israel to bring pure olive oil 'for the light' to keep the lampstand burning continually — parallels 'oil for the lamp' in 35:8.
- Exodus 30:22-25 (thematic): Gives the recipe and purpose for the sacred anointing oil — connects to 'spices for the anointing oil' mentioned in 35:8.
- Exodus 30:34-38 (thematic): Prescribes the composition and use of the sacred incense ('sweet incense'), corresponding to the 'incense/spices' listed in 35:8 for the Tabernacle worship.
Alternative generated candidates
- and oil for the light, and spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
- and oil for light, and spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
Exo.35.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואבני: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons
- שהם: PRON,3,m,pl
- ואבני: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,cons
- מלאים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לאפוד: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולחשן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 25:7 (verbal): Contains the same prescription for 'onyx stones and stones to be set' for the ephod and breastpiece in the list of materials for the sanctuary—near‑identical language to Exodus 35:9.
- Exodus 28:9-12 (verbal): Specifies the onyx stones to be set on the shoulder pieces of the ephod (to be engraved with the names of the tribes), echoing the mention of onyx/setting stones in 35:9.
- Exodus 28:17-20 (verbal): Gives the detailed list of the twelve stones of the breastpiece (hoshen), directly related to the 'stones to be set' named in 35:9.
- Exodus 39:6-14 (structural): Narrates the actual making and setting of the onyx stones and the breastpiece in the completed priestly garments—fulfillment of the materials request recorded in 35:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- and onyx stones and stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece.
- and onyx stones, and stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece.
Exo.35.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- חכם: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- יבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- ויעשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exod.36:1 (verbal): Repeats the same idea and wording: Bezalel, Aholiab and every 'wise‑hearted' person undertake to make all that the LORD commanded.
- Exod.31:2-6 (allusion): God appoints and fills Bezalel with the Spirit, wisdom, and skill for workmanship — explains the source and qualification of the 'wise‑hearted' workers.
- Exod.25:1-9 (thematic): Initial command to bring offerings and to construct the tabernacle 'according to all that I show thee' — sets the broader context for people making what the LORD commanded.
- 1 Chr.28:11-12 (thematic): David gives Solomon the plans and design and brings skilled craftsmen and materials for the house of the LORD — a later royal parallel emphasizing skilled, trained work to accomplish God's building project.
Alternative generated candidates
- And everyone who is wise of heart among you shall come and make all that the LORD has commanded:
- And everyone who is wise of heart among you shall come and make all that the LORD has commanded:
Exo.35.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- המשכן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- אהלו: NOUN,m,sg,construct+3,m,suf
- ואת: CONJ
- מכסהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- קרסיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- קרשיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בריחו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- עמדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:3,m,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- אדניו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+POSS,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Exodus 25:8-9 (thematic): God's original command to Israel to build a sanctuary 'that I may dwell among them'—establishes the purpose and basic instruction behind the tabernacle elements listed in 35:11.
- Exodus 26:15-30 (structural): Detailed specifications for the tabernacle's boards, bars, coverings and related fittings—provides the blueprint for the items (boards, bars, sockets, coverings) named in 35:11.
- Exodus 36:20-28 (verbal): Narrative account of the craftsmen making the acacia-wood boards and bars—repeats many of the same terms and construction actions found in 35:11 (boards, bars, sockets, pillars).
- Exodus 39:33-34 (verbal): Summary report of the completed tabernacle listing its tent, coverings, clasps, frames, bars, pillars and bases—verbal echo of the inventory given in 35:11 when the finished work is presented to Moses.
- Numbers 4:5-6 (thematic): Instructions for covering and placing the holy objects on poles when the camp sets out—connects to the tabernacle's coverings and bars (staves) mentioned in 35:11 and describes their use in transport.
Alternative generated candidates
- the tabernacle, its tent and its covering, its clasps, its frames, its bars, its posts, and its bases;
- the tabernacle, its tent, and its covering, its clasps and its frames, its bars, its pillars, and its bases;
Exo.35.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- הארן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- בדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+poss:3ms
- את: PRT,acc
- הכפרת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- פרכת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- המסך: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 25:17-22 (verbal): Commands for making the ark (aron) and the mercy seat (kaporet), using the same technical terms as in Exod 35:12.
- Exodus 26:31-33 (verbal): Instruction to make the veil/curtain (parokhet) that separates the Holy Place and Most Holy, parallel to the mention of the veil in Exod 35:12.
- Exodus 37:1-9 (structural): Bezalel’s construction of the ark and the mercy seat — the practical fulfillment of the items listed in Exod 35:12.
- Leviticus 16:2 (thematic): Reference to the mercy seat and the veil in the context of the Day of Atonement, highlighting the holiness and function of the kaporet and parokhet.
- Hebrews 9:3-5 (allusion): NT description of the tabernacle furnishings (veil, ark, mercy seat with cherubim), echoing the same elements named in Exod 35:12.
Alternative generated candidates
- the ark and its poles, the mercy seat, and the veil of the screen;
- the ark and its poles, the atonement cover, and the veil of the screen;
Exo.35.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- השלחן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- בדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+poss:3ms
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- כליו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3,m,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הפנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Exodus 25:23-30 (verbal): Detailed instructions for the table, its vessels, and the arrangement of the bread of the Presence—same items and liturgical function as listed here.
- Exodus 37:16-19 (structural): Account of Bezalel’s making of the table and its utensils for the tabernacle, repeating the construction and furnishing vocabulary.
- Leviticus 24:5-9 (verbal): Prescribes the preparation and arrangement of the bread of the Presence on the table each Sabbath—same cultic rite tied to the table and showbread.
- 1 Samuel 21:1-6 (thematic): Narrative showing the use of the consecrated/showbread (bread of the Presence) in an exceptional circumstance, reflecting the table’s cultic significance.
Alternative generated candidates
- the table and its poles, and all its utensils, and the bread of the Presence;
- the table and its poles, and all its vessels, and the bread of the presence;
Exo.35.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- מנרת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- המאור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כליה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3fs
- ואת: CONJ
- נרתיה: NOUN,f,pl,cs+3fs
- ואת: CONJ
- שמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המאור: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 25:31-40 (verbal): Detailed instructions for the menorah (menorat), its cups, lamps and accessories — the original specification paralleling the list in Exod 35:14.
- Exodus 27:20 (verbal): Command to the Israelites to bring pure olive oil 'for the light' so the lamp may burn continually — directly parallels the phrase about oil for the light.
- Exodus 37:17-24 (structural): Bezalel’s manufacture of the golden lampstand and its vessels in the completed tabernacle — a craft/fulfillment account corresponding to the items listed in Exod 35:14.
- Leviticus 24:2-4 (verbal): Instruction to provide pure olive oil and to arrange the lamps to burn continually before the LORD — repeats the functional requirement for oil and lamps in the sanctuary.
- Zechariah 4:2-6 (allusion): Vision of a golden lampstand with olive trees supplying oil — uses the menorah imagery and emphasizes divine provision of the light, thematically echoing the menorah and its oil.
Alternative generated candidates
- and the lampstand for the light, and its utensils, and its lamps, and the oil for the light;
- and the lampstand for light, and its utensils and its lamps, and the oil for light;
Exo.35.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- מזבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הקטרת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- בדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+poss:3ms
- ואת: CONJ
- שמן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המשחה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- קטרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הסמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ואת: CONJ
- מסך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הפתח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לפתח: PREP
- המשכן: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exod.30:1-10 (verbal): Gives instructions for the altar of incense (the golden altar) and its use—directly parallels the mention of מזבח הקטרת.
- Exod.30:22-33 (verbal): Prescribes the sacred anointing oil (שמן המשחה), its composition and use—parallels the verse's reference to the anointing oil.
- Exod.30:34-38 (verbal): Provides the formula and regulations for the sweet incense (קטרת הסמים), directly corresponding to this verse's mention of the incense.
- Exod.28:2-4 (verbal): Commands the making of holy garments for Aaron and his sons (בדיו), parallel to the garments listed in Exod.35:15.
- Exod.26:36-37 (structural): Describes the curtain/screen for the entrance of the tent of meeting (מסך הפתח), corresponding to the 'screen for the doorway of the tent of meeting' mentioned here.
Alternative generated candidates
- and the altar of incense and its poles, and the anointing oil and the fragrant incense, and the screen for the entrance, at the entrance of the tabernacle;
- and the altar of incense and its poles, and the anointing oil and the fragrant incense, and the screen for the entrance, at the entrance of the tabernacle;
Exo.35.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- מזבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,def
- ואת: CONJ
- מכבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנחשת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+poss:3ms
- ואת: CONJ
- כל: DET
- כליו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הכיר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- כנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+poss:3ms
Parallels
- Exodus 27:1-8 (verbal): Gives the original construction specifications for the altar of burnt offering (dimensions, grating, rings, poles and utensils) that the verse here echoes when listing the altar and its fittings.
- Exodus 38:1-7 (structural): A narrative recital of the actual making of the bronze altar and its grate, rings, poles and utensils — a direct report of the items listed in Exod 35:16.
- 2 Chronicles 4:1-6 (thematic): Describes Solomon’s bronze altar and the accompanying metalwork (altar form and laver/sea) in the temple, reflecting the same cultic furnishings and functions as the tabernacle altar.
- Hebrews 13:10 (allusion): New Testament reference to the existence and significance of the (Old Covenant) altar — thematically related to the tabernacle altar and its role in sacrificial worship mentioned in Exod 35:16.
Alternative generated candidates
- the altar of burnt offering and the bronze grating that is for it, its poles and all its utensils, the basin and its stand;
- the altar of burnt offering and the bronze grating that is for it, its poles and all its utensils, the basin and its stand;
Exo.35.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- קלעי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- עמדיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- אדניה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- מסך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שער: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 27:11 (verbal): Gives the original construction instruction for the court posts with their hooks — directly parallels the mention of 'posts' and their fittings.
- Exodus 27:16 (verbal): Specifies the gate screen of the court (its material and size), matching the mention of 'the screen of the court gate'.
- Exodus 38:9-20 (structural): Reports the actual fabrication and installation of the court posts, sockets and gate screen — a narrative recapitulation of the items listed in 35:17.
- Exodus 26:19-26 (thematic): Describes boards, sockets and frame construction for the tabernacle proper — thematically related technical language about posts/stands and their bases.
Alternative generated candidates
- the hangings of the court, its posts and its bases, and the screen for the gate of the court;
- the hangings of the court, its pillars and its bases, and the screen for the gate of the court;
Exo.35.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- יתדת: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המשכן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- יתדת: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- מיתריהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
Parallels
- Exod.36.20 (verbal): Direct repetition of the same inventory line in the account of the work—'the pegs of the tabernacle and the pegs of the court and their cords.'
- Exod.27.19 (structural): In the instructions for the courtyard the text lists the hangings, sockets, pegs and cords for the court—parallel material and function to the pegs and cords mentioned here.
- Exod.38.12 (thematic): When the completed furnishings and court are described, the pegs and cords of the court are again enumerated, repeating the practical elements of the tabernacle enclosure.
Alternative generated candidates
- the pegs of the tabernacle and the pegs of the court, and their cords;
- the pegs of the tabernacle and the pegs of the court, and their cords;
Exo.35.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- בגדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- השרד: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לשרת: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- בקדש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- בגדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לאהרן: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הכהן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- בגדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- לכהן: VERB,qal,inf
Parallels
- Exodus 28:2 (verbal): Command to make “holy garments” for Aaron for glory and beauty — closely parallels the phrase and injunction to provide priestly/service garments.
- Exodus 29:5-9 (structural): Describes the actual dressing of Aaron and his sons with the priestly garments during consecration, linking garments to their ministerial role.
- Leviticus 8:7-9 (structural): Narrative of Moses putting on Aaron and his sons’ tunics and vestments at ordination — parallels the commissioning and use of the holy garments.
- Exodus 39:1-31 (thematic): Detailed account of the making of Aaron’s and his sons’ priestly garments by the artisans — the fulfillment/implementation of the instruction in Exod 35:19.
- Leviticus 16:4 (thematic): Prescribes special linen garments for the high priest when performing the Day of Atonement — underscores the theme of distinct holy clothing for sacred service.
Alternative generated candidates
- the service garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons for serving as priests.
- the service garments for ministering in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons for their priesthood.
Exo.35.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויצאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- עדת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלפני: PREP
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 35:21 (structural): Immediate continuation of the scene — after the people depart from Moses (v.20) they each bring offerings willingly for the tabernacle (v.21).
- Exodus 25:2 (thematic): God's initial command to the Israelites to bring offerings for the sanctuary; parallels the motive and purpose for the congregation's departure to give materials for the tabernacle.
- Exodus 36:5–7 (thematic): Narrates the later consequence of the people's giving (prompted by 35:20–21): Moses tells them to stop bringing because the materials already exceed what is needed, highlighting the abundance produced by their departing and donating.
- 1 Chronicles 29:6–9 (thematic): David's leaders and the people give willingly and joyfully toward the temple project; thematically parallels the voluntary, communal contributions and the corporate response to a call to build sacred space.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then all the congregation of the Israelites departed from the presence of Moses.
- And all the congregation of the Israelites went out from before Moses.
Exo.35.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נדבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רוחו: NOUN,f,sg,prsuf3ms
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- תרומת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- למלאכת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cs
- אהל: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- מועד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולכל: CONJ+PREP+DET
- עבדתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3,ms
- ולבגדי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cs
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exod.25.2 (verbal): The original instruction to take offerings: 'whosoever is of a willing heart, let him bring it' — nearly the same wording repeated in 35:21.
- Exod.35.5 (verbal): Moses' proclamation earlier in the chapter calling for freewill offerings for the tabernacle; uses the same language of a willing heart bringing contributions.
- Exod.36.3-7 (structural): Narrative continuation showing the people’s abundant freewill offerings for the tabernacle and Moses' eventual command to stop bringing because the contributions exceeded what was needed — echoes 35:21’s report of widespread willing giving.
- 1 Chron.29.6-9 (thematic): David, the leaders, and the people give willingly and 'with a perfect heart' for the temple; parallels the motif of voluntary, heartfelt contributions for sacred construction.
- 2 Cor.9.7 (thematic): New Testament principle that each should give from what he has resolved in his heart, not reluctantly, for God loves a cheerful giver — echoes the emphasis on willing, heart-led offerings in 35:21.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they came—everyone whose heart stirred him, and everyone whose spirit made him willing—and they brought the LORD’s contribution for the work of the Tent of Meeting, for all its service, and for the holy garments.
- And they came, everyone whose heart stirred him, and everyone whose spirit made him willing, brought the LORD’s contribution for the work of the tent of meeting and for all its service, and for the holy garments.
Exo.35.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- האנשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- על: PREP
- הנשים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- כל: DET
- נדיב: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
- חח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונזם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וטבעת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וכומז: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- כלי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- זהב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הניף: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- תנופת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- זהב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exod.25:2-3 (verbal): God commands the people to bring freewill offerings for the tabernacle (gold, silver, bronze, etc.); echoes the call to bring valuables to the LORD and parallels the language of offering materials.
- Exod.35:4-9 (structural): Moses' public summons for skilled artisans and for contributions to build the tabernacle — the immediate context for the voluntary gifts described in 35:22.
- Exod.36:5-7 (thematic): Reports that the Israelites brought more than enough of gold and other materials, so Moses had to restrain further donations; continues the theme of abundant voluntary giving begun in 35:22.
- Num.7:1-11 (thematic): The tribal leaders present dedicated gifts for the altar/tent of meeting at its dedication; parallels the practice of presenting precious items to Yahweh for sacred use.
- 1 Chron.29:3-9 (thematic): David and the people give gold, silver, and valuables willingly for building the temple; mirrors the voluntary, generous offering of jewelry and precious metals to the Lord in Exodus 35:22.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the men came with the women; all who were willing of heart brought brooches and nose rings and signet rings and pendants, all kinds of gold articles—every man who presented a wave offering of gold to the LORD.
- And they came, the men with the women; all who were of a willing heart brought brooches and nose-rings and rings and pendants, every kind of article of gold—everyone who presented a wave offering of gold to the LORD.
Exo.35.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נמצא: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- תכלת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וארגמן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ותולעת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
- ושש: CONJ+NUM,card,m,sg
- ועזים: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- וערת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אילם: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מאדמים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- וערת: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תחשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Exod.25.2-7 (verbal): Divine instruction listing the exact materials to be brought for the tabernacle (blue, purple, scarlet, fine linen, goats' hair, rams' skins dyed red, badger/skin), the source of the wording echoed in Exod 35:23.
- Exod.35.4-9 (verbal): Moses' public call to bring voluntary offerings for the work of the sanctuary, repeating the catalogue of materials and the injunction that people bring what they have.
- Exod.36.5-7 (structural): Narrative continuation showing the result of the freewill contributions — the people brought so much material that Bezalel and the craftsmen had to tell Moses to restrain further donations.
- Num.7.1-11 (thematic): Account of leaders bringing offerings for the dedication of the tabernacle; thematically parallels the communal provision of gifts and materials for sacred construction and dedication.
Alternative generated candidates
- And everyone with whom was found blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen, and goat hair, and rams’ skins dyed red, and fine leather, brought them.
- And everyone with whom was found blue and purple and scarlet yarn and fine linen, and goats’ hair and rams’ skins dyed red and fine leather, brought them.
Exo.35.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- מרים: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תרומת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ונחשת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- תרומת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נמצא: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- עצי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- שטים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לכל: PREP
- מלאכת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- העבדה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Exodus 25:3 (verbal): Catalog of materials to be donated for the sanctuary (silver, bronze/bronze, acacia wood, fabrics) — close verbal overlap with the list of gifts called for and brought.
- Exodus 35:4-9 (structural): Moses' public appeal for voluntary offerings and the people's response frames the same scene; the call-and-gift sequence parallels the donors bringing silver, bronze and wood.
- Exodus 36:3 (structural): Describes the abundance of contributions and people's eager willingness — continuation and complementary report of the same donations of metals and wood mentioned in 35:24.
- 1 Chronicles 29:2-5 (thematic): David solicits and receives voluntary gifts of gold, silver and cedar for the house of the LORD; parallels the communal, willing provision of specified materials for sacred construction.
- 2 Chronicles 2:4-10 (thematic): Solomon's preparations and procurement of cedar, iron/bronze and gold for the temple echo the organized gathering and supply of materials for a divine building project described in Exodus 35:24.
Alternative generated candidates
- Everyone who lifted up a contribution of silver and bronze brought the LORD’s contribution; and everyone with whom was found acacia wood for any work of the service brought it.
- Everyone who raised an offering of silver and bronze brought the LORD’s contribution; and everyone with whom was found acacia wood for any service of the work brought it.
Exo.35.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- חכמת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- לב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בידיה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- טוו: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- ויביאו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- מטוה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- התכלת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- הארגמן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- תולעת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- השני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- השש: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 31:2-6 (verbal): God fills Bezalel (and others) with skill, intelligence and knowledge to make work in gold, in embroidery, and in weaving—explicitly citing spinning/weaving skills and the same materials for the sanctuary.
- Exodus 28:5-8 (verbal): Instructions for making the priestly garments using blue, purple, scarlet and fine linen—the same colors and fabrics mentioned as spun by the women in Exod 35:25.
- Exodus 36:8-13 (structural): Immediate continuation/parallel account describing the women who spun with their hands and brought what they had spun; repeats the scene and response of the craftsmen.
- Proverbs 31:13,19 (thematic): The virtuous woman ‘seeketh wool and flax’ and ‘layeth her hands to the spindle’—a parallel theme of skilled female textile work and domestic industry.
- Exodus 39:1-22 (verbal): Narrative reporting the actual manufacture of the ephod, breastpiece and other garments from blue, purple, scarlet and fine linen—showing the end-use of the materials the women spun.
Alternative generated candidates
- And every skillful woman spun with her hands, and they brought what they had spun—the blue and the purple, the scarlet yarn, and the fine linen.
- And every woman who was wise of heart spun with her hands, and they brought what they had spun—the blue and the purple, the scarlet, and the fine linen.
Exo.35.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- הנשים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נשא: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- לבן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בחכמה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- טוו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- העזים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Exodus 35:25 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same passage — another line describing the women who were 'wise‑hearted' and their spinning/work for the tabernacle; 35:25–26 form a unit describing their contribution.
- Exodus 31:2–6 (thematic): God appoints craftsmen (Bezalel, Oholiab) 'filled with the Spirit... in wisdom, in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship' — parallels the theme of skilled, divinely enabled workmanship for the sanctuary.
- Exodus 36:1–2 (verbal): Repeats the formula of 'wise‑hearted' workers (Bezalel, Oholiab and every wise‑hearted man) who carry out the tabernacle work — echoes the language and communal labor described in 35:26.
- Proverbs 31:19 (thematic): The virtuous woman 'puts her hands to the distaff' (spinning) — parallels the imagery of women spinning/working textiles and highlights female domestic/craft skill in biblical tradition.
Alternative generated candidates
- And all the women whose hearts stirred them with skill spun the goat hair.
- And all the women whose hearts stirred them with skill spun the goats’ hair.
Exo.35.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והנשאם: NOUN,m,pl,def
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- אבני: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- השהם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- אבני: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המלאים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- לאפוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולחשן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exod.28:9-12 (verbal): Commands two onyx stones to be set on the shoulders of the ephod, engraved with the names of Israel—specific instruction about onyx stones for the ephod, matching the materials mentioned in 35:27.
- Exod.28:17-21 (verbal): Gives the specification of the breastpiece (choshen) with four rows of precious stones bearing the tribes' names—directly parallels the ‘stones for setting’ for the breastpiece in 35:27.
- Exod.39:6-14 (structural): Narrates the artisans actually setting the onyx stones and mounting the stones in the breastpiece and ephod during their manufacture—narrative fulfillment of the materials brought in 35:27.
- Exod.35:22 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same passage: women ‘brought onyx stones and settings’ and other contributions—closely related report of donors supplying the gemstones mentioned in 35:27.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the leaders brought the onyx stones and the stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece;
- And the leaders brought the onyx stones and the stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece;
Exo.35.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- הבשם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ואת: CONJ
- השמן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- למאור: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולשמן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המשחה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ולקטרת: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הסמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Exodus 30:22-33 (quotation): Gives the divinely ordained recipe and purpose for the holy anointing oil (’shemen ha‑mishchah’), directly paralleling Exodus 35:28’s mention of oil for anointing.
- Exodus 27:20-21 (verbal): Commands the Israelites to bring pure beaten olive oil for the lamp in the tabernacle — directly echoes Exodus 35:28’s phrase about oil for the light.
- Exodus 30:34-38 (quotation): Prescribes the composition and exclusive sacred use of the incense (ketoret), corresponding to Exodus 35:28’s reference to the fragrant incense.
- Leviticus 24:2 (thematic): Instructs that pure olive oil be provided for the lamp in the sanctuary, thematically reinforcing the requirement in Exodus 35:28 for oil for the light.
Alternative generated candidates
- and the spices and the oil for the light, and for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
- and the spices, and the oil for light and for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
Exo.35.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואשה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נדב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- להביא: VERB,hif,inf
- לכל: PREP
- המלאכה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לעשות: VERB,qal,inf
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נדבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Exodus 25:2-3 (verbal): Command to bring an offering 'of every man that giveth it willingly'—same language and idea of freewill contributions for the sanctuary.
- Exodus 35:5 (verbal): Moses' call to the people to bring offerings 'whosoever is of a willing heart'—immediate parallel wording and context to 35:29.
- Exodus 36:3-5 (structural): Narrative continuation showing the people gave so freely that the artisans had to tell them to stop—illustrates the abundance summarized in 35:29.
- 1 Chronicles 29:6-9 (thematic): People willingly give treasures for the house of the LORD and David's exhortation and blessing—same theme of voluntary, joyful contributions for God’s dwelling place.
Alternative generated candidates
- All the men and women whose hearts made them willing to bring for all the work that the LORD had commanded to be done by the hand of Moses—the Israelites brought a freewill offering to the LORD.
- Every man and woman whose heart made them willing to bring for all the work that the LORD had commanded to be done through Moses—the Israelites brought it as a freewill offering to the LORD.
And Moses said to all the congregation of the Israelites, This is the thing that the LORD has commanded:
Take from among you a contribution to the LORD; everyone whose heart is willing shall bring it, the LORD's contribution: gold, silver, and bronze;
and blue, purple, and crimson yarns, and fine linen, and goats' hair;
and rams' skins dyed red, and fine leather, and acacia wood;
and oil for the light, and spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;
and onyx stones and stones for setting, for the ephod and for the breastpiece. And everyone who is wise of heart among you shall come and make all that the LORD has commanded:
the tabernacle, its tent and its covering; its clasps and its frames; its bars, its pillars, and its bases;
the ark and its poles; the mercy seat; and the veil of the screen;
the table and its poles and all its vessels; and the bread of the Presence;
and the lampstand for the light and its utensils and its lamps; and the oil for the light;
and the altar of incense and its poles; and the anointing oil and the fragrant incense; and the screen for the entrance, at the entrance of the tabernacle;
the altar of burnt offering and the bronze grating that is for it; its poles and all its utensils; the basin and its stand;
the hangings of the court, its pillars and its bases; and the screen for the gate of the court;
the pegs of the tabernacle and the pegs of the court, and their cords;
the finely woven garments for serving in the sanctuary; the holy garments for Aaron the priest; and the garments of his sons, to serve as priests.
Then all the congregation of the Israelites went out from before Moses. And they came—everyone whose heart stirred them, and everyone whose spirit made them willing—and brought the LORD's contribution for the work of the Tent of Meeting and for all its service, and for the holy garments. And they came, the men with the women; everyone willing of heart brought brooches, earrings, rings, and pendants—every kind of gold article; and everyone who presented a wave offering of gold to the LORD. And everyone who was found with blue, purple, and crimson yarns, and fine linen, and goats' hair, and rams' skins dyed red, and fine leather, brought them.
Everyone who presented an offering of silver and bronze brought the LORD's contribution; and everyone who was found with acacia wood for any work of the service brought it. And every woman wise of heart spun with her hands, and they brought what they had spun—the blue, the purple, the crimson, and the fine linen. And all the women whose hearts stirred them with skill spun the goats' hair. And the leaders brought the onyx stones and the stones for setting for the ephod and for the breastpiece;
and the spice, and the oil for the light, and for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
All the men and women whose hearts made them willing to bring for all the work that the LORD had commanded to be done through Moses—the Israelites brought a freewill offering to the LORD.