Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout
Ezekiel 42:1-20
Eze.42.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויוצאני: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- החיצונה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- הדרך: NOUN,f,sg,def
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ויבאני: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- הלשכה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נגד: PREP
- הגזרה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
- נגד: PREP
- הבנין: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אל: NEG
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 42:2 (structural): Immediate continuation: names and functions the north chambers cited in 42:1, elaborating the same architectural feature (the north-side chambers opposite the separate place).
- Ezekiel 41:1 (structural): Part of the same temple-vision sequence describing interior rooms and measurements of the temple complex; parallels the focus on chambers and their orientation.
- 1 Kings 6:5 (thematic): Solomon's temple description notes side rooms/ chambers built around the house, paralleling Ezekiel’s depiction of chambers surrounding the temple precincts.
- Exodus 27:9-16 (thematic): Instructions for the layout of the tabernacle’s outer court (entrances, curtains, courts) providing an earlier precedent for ordered court orientation and subsidiary chambers.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he brought me out to the outer court by the way that faces north, and led me to the chambers that are opposite the partition, opposite the building toward the north.
- Then he brought me out into the outer court, the way of the north, and led me to the chambers that faced the partition and that faced the building toward the north.
Eze.42.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ארך: ADJ,m,sg
- אמות: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- המאה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- פתח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והרחב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- חמשים: NUM,card,pl
- אמות: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:5 (structural): Same Ezekiel temple vision: an attendant measuring the sanctuary with a reed (cubits) and establishing precise dimensions—context for the chamber measurements in 42:2.
- 1 Kings 6:2 (thematic): Solomon’s temple described in cubits (length, breadth, height); parallels the use of cubit-measurements to define sacred architecture.
- 1 Chronicles 28:11-12 (structural): David’s handing over of detailed plans and measurements for the temple to Solomon—comparable concern for precise dimensions of temple chambers and courts.
- Exodus 26:15-30 (verbal): Construction specifications for the tabernacle (boards, frames, curtains) given in cubits—an earlier precedent for using exact measurements to shape Israel’s sacred space.
Alternative generated candidates
- In front of them was a space a hundred cubits long and fifty cubits wide.
- Before the length of a hundred cubits was the opening of the north, and the breadth was fifty cubits.
Eze.42.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נגד: PREP
- העשרים: NUM,card,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לחצר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הפנימי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ונגד: CONJ+PREP
- רצפה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לחצר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- החיצונה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- אתיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- אתיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בשלשים: PREP+NUM,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 41:2 (verbal): Uses the same numeric dimension 'twenty' in describing the width of an inner structure in Ezekiel's temple measurements, paralleling the 20-cubit element in 42:3.
- 1 Kings 6:2 (thematic): Solomon's temple is given dimensions of 60 by 20 by 30 cubits; the recurrence of 20 and 30 cubit measures links royal/temple architectural traditions with Ezekiel's visionary measurements.
- Ezekiel 40:5 (structural): Introduces the measuring reed and the practice of exact measurement in Ezekiel's temple vision, the technical context for the specific dimensional statements such as in 42:3.
- Exodus 27:9-10 (thematic): Gives regulations for the layout and measurements of the tabernacle's courts; thematically parallels Ezekiel's concern for precise measurements and ordered courts (inner/outer) in temple design.
Alternative generated candidates
- Opposite the twenty cubits that belong to the inner court and opposite the pavement of the outer court there was a recess thirty cubits deep in front of the recess.
- Opposite the twenty cubits that belong to the inner court and opposite the pavement that belongs to the outer court I set another pavement—thirty cubits long—before the former pavement.
Eze.42.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולפני: CONJ+PREP
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- מהלך: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- אמות: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- רחב: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- הפנימית: ADJ,f,sg,def
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אחת: NUM,f,sg
- ופתחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,def,3,mp,poss
- לצפון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 41:4-6 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same temple-vision—continues the description of side chambers, doorways and inner measurements; both passages give precise architectural details about walks, chambers and entrances.
- Ezekiel 40:16-18 (structural): Earlier section of Ezekiel’s temple plan describing chambers before the house, their widths and the orientation of entrances (north/south); parallels in layout and measurement language.
- 1 Kings 6:5-8 (thematic): Solomon’s temple account describing the side chambers, their widths and multi-story arrangement; thematically parallels Ezekiel’s focus on precise chamber dimensions and circulation around the sanctuary.
- 2 Chronicles 3:5-6 (thematic): Chronicles’ description of Solomon’s temple dimensions (wall thickness, courts and related structural details); echoes the concern with measured architectural elements and orientation found in Ezekiel’s plan.
Alternative generated candidates
- In front of the chambers was a walk ten cubits long; toward the inner court its width was one cubit, and their entrances faced north.
- And before the chambers was a passage ten cubits wide; toward the inner was a walk one cubit wide, and their doors opened to the north.
Eze.42.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- והלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- העליונת: ADJ,f,pl,def
- קצרות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- יוכלו: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,pl
- אתיקים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מהנה: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
- מהתחתנות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,def
- ומהתכנות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,def
- בנין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 41:6 (structural): Continues the same architectural description of the temple chambers and windows; closely parallels language and layout (upper/lower rooms, window orientation).
- Ezekiel 40:22 (structural): Earlier section of the Temple vision that treats chamber arrangement and window placement toward the courts—same plan and functional detail as 42:5.
- 1 Kings 6:4-5 (verbal): Solomon's temple account describes upper and lower chambers and their windows; echoes language and architectural motifs (shorter upper rooms/windows) found in Ezekiel's temple description.
- 2 Chronicles 3:5-6 (thematic): Parallel description of the temple's construction and chambering in the Deuteronomistic history; thematically parallels Ezekiel's focus on room arrangement, windows, and the organization of priestly spaces.
Alternative generated candidates
- The upper chambers were short, for they were supported by the lower and the middle parts of the structure.
- The upper chambers were low, for they served as roofs over the lower and middle chambers of the building.
Eze.42.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- משלשות: NUM,card,f,pl
- הנה: PART
- ואין: CONJ+PART,exist
- להן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
- עמודים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כעמודי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- החצרות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- על: PREP
- כן: ADV
- נאצל: VERB,nip,fut,3,f,pl
- מהתחתונות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,def
- ומהתיכנות: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,pl,def
- מהארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def,loc
Parallels
- Ezekiel 41:6 (verbal): Same temple-architecture language: side chambers in three tiers and lacking internal pillars because they are set against the house walls—closely parallels the phrasing and structural detail.
- 1 Kings 6:5 (structural): Description of Solomon's temple side chambers built in three stories (three tiers) against the walls—parallel architectural detail and absence of freestanding pillars.
- 2 Chronicles 3:5 (structural): Chronicle account of the temple's dimensions and threefold side chambers; corroborates the three-story chamber layout referenced in Ezekiel.
- Ezekiel 40:49 (thematic): Earlier material in Ezekiel's temple vision describing chambers for priests and court arrangements; thematically linked to the identification of lower, middle, and inner levels in 42:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- For they were three stories, and they had no pillars like the pillars of the courts; therefore they were raised up from the lower and the middle from the ground.
- For there are three tiers, and they have no pillars like the pillars of the courts; therefore they are set apart from the lower and middle chambers on the ground.
Eze.42.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וגדר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לחוץ: PREP
- לעמת: PREP
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- החצונה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אל: NEG
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- ארכו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- חמשים: NUM,card,pl
- אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 42:1-3 (structural): Immediate context: continues the same schema of chambers and measurements for the priestly rooms and courts, using the same units and placement relative to the outer court.
- Ezekiel 41:6 (structural): Describes side-chambers built 'against the house' around the temple—parallel language and arrangement of chambers adjoining the main structure.
- Ezekiel 40:5-8 (structural): Part of the broader temple-measurement itinerary in Ezekiel’s vision; includes measurements and the layout of gates, courts, and chambers, providing the larger architectural framework for 42:7’s detail.
- 1 Kings 6:5-8 (thematic): Solomon’s temple description: side-chambers built against the house and details about wall thickness and chamber doors—an earlier Israelite temple tradition parallel to Ezekiel’s temple layout.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the wall that was outside beside the chambers along the outer court, before the chambers, was fifty cubits long.
- And on the outside, opposite the chambers along the outer court, facing the chambers, was a wall; its length was fifty cubits.
Eze.42.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- ארך: ADJ,m,sg
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לחצר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- החצונה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- חמשים: NUM,card,pl
- אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והנה: ADV
- על: PREP
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ההיכל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- אמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezek.42.6 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same temple description; repeats the measurements for the chambers and the face/breadth of the house, echoing the 50- and 100-cubit dimensions.
- Ezek.41.5 (structural): Earlier in the Ezekiel temple sequence a building/forepart is described with comparable dimensions (breadth/length given in multiples of 50 and 100 cubits), reflecting the same layout and measurement scheme.
- Ezek.40.5 (structural): An earlier section of the Ezekiel vision laying out the court and building measurements; establishes the measuring motif and architectural scheme to which 42:8 belongs.
- 1 Kings 6:2 (thematic): Gives the dimensions of Solomon’s temple (60 x 20 cubits) — a parallel in theme (temple architecture and precise cubit measurements) and a point of contrast with Ezekiel’s measured visionary temple.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the length of the chambers toward the outer court was fifty cubits, but before the temple they were a hundred cubits.
- For the length of the chambers that faced the outer court was fifty cubits, and behold, toward the temple it was a hundred cubits.
Eze.42.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומתחת: CONJ+PREP
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- המביא: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- מהקדים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,def
- בבאו: PREP+VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- להנה: PREP,3,f,pl
- מהחצר: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- החצנה: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 41:5-9 (structural): Immediate internal parallel in Ezekiel's temple vision describing side chambers, their placement one above another, and entrances beneath the chambers—same architectural detail and language about chambers under the upper rooms.
- Ezekiel 40:16-20 (structural): Earlier section of the same vision giving measurements and arrangement of the side chambers and their entrances toward the outer court, matching the spatial layout described in 42:9.
- 1 Kings 6:5-10 (structural): Solomon's temple description of the side chambers/galleries built against the house with tiers of rooms and windows; parallels the architectural motif of side chambers and their relation to the outer court.
- 2 Chronicles 3:5-7 (structural): Chronicles' account of the temple's side chambers and how they were built against the house, echoing the structural arrangement and function of the chambers referred to in Ezekiel 42:9.
Alternative generated candidates
- And under these chambers were entrances at the front by which one coming from the outer court would enter.
- And under these chambers were rooms for those who brought things in when they entered from the outer court.
Eze.42.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ברחב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- גדר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הקדים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,pl
- אל: NEG
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הגזרה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הבנין: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לשכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 42:1 (verbal): Same chapter description of the court and the priests' chambers on the east side—repeats the plan and language about a way before the building and the chambers.
- Ezekiel 40:45 (structural): Earlier part of Ezekiel’s temple-measurement sequence describing rooms/chambers for the priests adjacent to the inner courts—same architectural function and spatial arrangement.
- 1 Kings 6:5-8 (thematic): Solomon’s temple construction: side chambers built against the temple walls and arranged in tiers—parallels the idea of chambers adjoining the sanctuary and courts.
- Exodus 27:9-19 (thematic): Instruction for the tabernacle courtyard (dimensions, hangings, entrance)—thematically parallels the regulation of courtyards, gates and approach-ways around a cultic building.
- 2 Chronicles 3:5-7 (verbal): Parallel account to 1 Kings describing the temple’s side chambers built against the house wall—echoes the same architectural detail of chambers abutting the sanctuary/courts.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the breadth of the wall of the court, on the east side, opposite the partition and opposite the building, there were chambers.
- Along the breadth of the courtyard wall there was a passage before the partition and before the chambers of the building.
Eze.42.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ודרך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לפניהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- כמראה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- כארכן: PREP+NOUN,m,sg+PRON,3,f,pl
- כן: ADV
- רחבן: NOUN,m,sg+PRON,3,f,pl
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- מוצאיהן: NOUN,m,pl+PRON,3,f,pl
- וכמשפטיהן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl+PRON,3,f,pl
- וכפתחיהן: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl+PRON,3,f,pl
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:7-8 (structural): Immediate context in Ezekiel’s temple vision describing chambers around the house and the measured way — parallels the repeated concern with the layout, lengths, breadths, and entrances of the chambers.
- Ezekiel 41:6-7 (verbal): Continuation of the same architectural description: the side chambers are set one above another with specified dimensions and doorways, echoing the language of length, breadth, exits and ordinances.
- 1 Kings 6:5-8 (allusion): Solomon’s temple account describes chambers built around the house with stairways, windows and doorways; Ezekiel’s measurements and surrounding chambers allude to and reshape this earlier temple tradition.
- 1 Chronicles 28:11-12 (thematic): David’s handing over of the temple plans and detailed measurements (orders for chambers and entrances) resonates with Ezekiel’s focus on precise plans, dimensions and regulated access to the temple spaces.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the walk before them matched the form of the chambers on the north—equal in length and in breadth—and all their exits, their measurements, and their entrances were the same.
- And the passage before them matched the pattern of the chambers that faced the north: their length and their breadth, all their exits, their regulations, and their doors.
Eze.42.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכפתחי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- הלשכות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הדרום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- פתח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בראש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cstr
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בפני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- הגדרת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הגינה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הקדים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,pl
- בבואן: PREP+VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Ezek.42:1-3 (structural): Immediate context describing the priests' chambers and their entrances in the outer court—continues the same architectural description and orientation of doorways as v.12.
- Ezek.40:45 (thematic): An earlier temple-plan passage noting the location and arrangement of the priests' rooms beside the temple—parallels the placement and access points for the chambers.
- Ezek.41:1-4 (structural): Description of the temple's inner measurements and doorways leading into side rooms; parallels v.12 in concern for precise orientation and access to temple chambers.
- 1 Kings 6:5-8 (thematic): Solomon's temple account describing side chambers built around the main structure with stairways and openings—analogous architectural feature to the chambers and doorways in Ezekiel's temple vision.
- 2 Chronicles 3:4-6 (thematic): Parallel description in the chronicler's account of the house's structure and the chambers adjoining the temple, reflecting the same concern for rooms, thresholds and orientation.
Alternative generated candidates
- The entrances of the chambers on the south opened at the head of the walk; the walk lay before the fence of the garden on the east as they came.
- And the entrances of the chambers that faced the south opened at the head of the way, in front of the dividing fence of the garden, at the approach when they come in.
Eze.42.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- לשכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לשכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הדרום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אל: NEG
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- הגזרה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- הנה: PART
- לשכות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- שם: ADV
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- קרובים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- קדשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הקדשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- שם: ADV
- יניחו: VERB,hiph,impf,3,pl
- קדשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הקדשים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- והמנחה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- והחטאת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- והאשם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- המקום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 6:16-18 (verbal): Commands that priests must eat certain offerings in a holy place and that these portions are most holy—language and function of 'eating the holy things' parallels Ezek. 42:13.
- Numbers 18:8-11 (verbal): Gives the Levites/priestly share of offerings and stipulates that these portions are for the priests and to be eaten in a holy place, paralleling the allocation and location of sacred food in Ezek. 42:13.
- Ezekiel 44:12-16 (structural): Within the same Ezekiel temple vision these verses assign the Zadokite priests exclusive access to minister and to receive/use the holy portions—closely parallels the priestly chambers and consumption in 42:13.
- Leviticus 22:10-16 (thematic): Regulates who may eat holy things and the conditions for doing so (cleanliness, kinship), thematically parallel to Ezek. 42:13’s restriction that priests ‘near to the LORD’ eat and keep the holy offerings.
- 1 Chronicles 9:32 (structural): Describes priests/Levites living in chambers of the house of the LORD and overseeing sacred items—parallels the provision of chambers for priests to store and consume holy things in Ezek. 42:13.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he said to me, “The north chambers and the south chambers that are before the partition—behold, they are holy chambers; the priests who draw near to the LORD shall eat there the most holy things.
- And he said to me, “These are the chambers of the north and the chambers of the south that are before the partition; behold, they are holy chambers where the priests who draw near to the LORD shall eat the holy things. There they shall place the most holy things—the holy things of the holy—also the grain offering and the sin offering and the guilt offering, for the place is holy.
Eze.42.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בבאם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- הכהנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- ולא: CONJ
- יצאו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מהקדש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- אל: NEG
- החצר: NOUN,f,sg,def
- החיצונה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יניחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בגדיהם: NOUN,m,pl,poss3mp
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ישרתו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בהן: PREP+PRON,3,f,pl
- כי: CONJ
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הנה: PART
- ולבשו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בגדים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אחרים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- וקרבו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- אל: NEG
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לעם: PREP
Parallels
- Leviticus 16:4 (thematic): Instruction that the priest must put on special (linen) garments when entering the holy place — parallels the concern for distinct sacred vesture and regulated access to holy precincts.
- Leviticus 16:23-24 (verbal): After officiating in the sanctuary the priest removes his linen garments, washes, and puts on his ordinary garments before coming out — closely parallels Ezekiel’s rule that priests leave their service clothes in the holy place and put on other garments before reaching the people.
- Leviticus 10:6-7 (thematic): Moses’ charge to Aaron and his sons not to leave the entrance of the tent (so as not to profane the sanctuary/anointing) echoes the restriction on priests’ movement out of the holy area to protect holiness and life.
- Ezekiel 44:14 (structural): A direct parallel within Ezekiel’s temple legislation: repeats the same regulation that priests must not go into the outer court wearing their service garments but shall leave them in the holy chambers and don other clothes.
Alternative generated candidates
- When the priests enter, they shall not go out from the sanctuary into the outer court; there they shall leave the garments with which they minister, for they are holy; and they shall put on other garments and approach the people.”
- When the priests enter they shall not go out into the outer court; they shall leave their garments in which they minister there, for they are holy, and put on other garments, then approach those of the people.”
Eze.42.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וכלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- מדות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הבית: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הפנימי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- והוציאני: CONJ+VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg+PRON,1,sg
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- השער: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- פניו: NOUN,m,pl,cons+3,m,sg
- דרך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הקדים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,pl
- ומדדו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- סביב: ADV
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:5 (verbal): Introduces the measuring motif and the man with a measuring reed — the same measuring action that culminates in 42:15.
- Ezekiel 41:1 (structural): Continues the temple measurement sequence by giving dimensions of the inner house, part of the same extended visionary survey.
- 1 Kings 6:2 (structural): Solomon’s temple dimensions and architectural measurement language provide an earlier Israelite precedent for describing sacred building measurements.
- Zechariah 2:1-2 (thematic): A visionary scene in which a man measures Jerusalem with a line — thematically parallel in using measurement to define sacred/holy space.
- Revelation 21:15-17 (thematic): An angel measures the new Jerusalem with a rod/reed; parallels Ezekiel’s measuring of sacred space and the symbolic significance of divine measurement.
Alternative generated candidates
- When he had finished measuring the measurements of the inner house, he brought me out by the way of the gate whose face is east and measured all around.
- When he had finished measuring the measurements of the inner house, he brought me out through the gate whose face was toward the east and measured all around.
Eze.42.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מדד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הקדים: VERB,hiph,perf,3,pl
- בקנה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המדה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- קנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בקנה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המדה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:3-5 (verbal): The temple-vision begins with a man carrying a measuring reed/line who measures the structure and courts—same measuring motif and instrument as in Ezek. 42:16.
- Ezekiel 42:20 (verbal): Immediate internal parallel in Ezekiel: the outer court/wall is measured ‘five hundred reeds by the measuring reed,’ repeating the same measurement formula and terminology.
- Zechariah 2:1-2 (verbal): A man with a measuring line measures Jerusalem—similar imagery of a divinely sanctioned measuring agent delimiting sacred space.
- Revelation 11:1-2 (allusion): John is given a measuring rod to measure the temple and altar—New Testament echo of prophetic measuring as authoritative delimitation/protection of holy space.
- Revelation 21:15-17 (structural): An angel measures the new city with a golden reed, listing its dimensions—the same measuring-reed motif used to define and order a sacred/eschatological space.
Alternative generated candidates
- He measured toward the east with the measuring reed—five hundred cubits by the measuring reed all around.
- He measured the east side with the measuring reed—five hundred reeds by the measuring reed round about.
Eze.42.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מדד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הצפון: NOUN,m,sg,def
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- קנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בקנה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המדה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- סביב: ADV
Parallels
- Ezekiel 42:16 (verbal): Immediate internal parallel: the south chambers are likewise measured as five hundred reeds—direct repetition/contrast with the north measurement in 42:17.
- Ezekiel 40:5 (verbal): The opening of Ezekiel's temple vision introduces a man with a measuring reed/line, framing the measuring motif used throughout chapters 40–42.
- Zechariah 2:1-2 (verbal): A man with a measuring line appears in Zechariah's vision as well—shared verbal imagery of divine/prophetic measurement of sacred space.
- 1 Kings 6:2-3 (thematic): Solomon's temple dimensions and surrounding side chambers provide an earlier architectural-theological parallel to Ezekiel's temple measurements.
- Revelation 11:1 (thematic): John is told to measure the temple—an apocalyptic echo of the prophetic measuring motif applied to sacred precincts.
Alternative generated candidates
- He measured toward the north five hundred cubits by the measuring reed all around.
- He measured the north side—five hundred reeds by the measuring reed round about.
Eze.42.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הדרום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מדד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- קנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בקנה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המדה: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:5 (verbal): Introduces the measuring reed (or rod) used throughout Ezekiel's temple vision—the same instrument referenced in Ezek. 42:18.
- Ezekiel 41:1 (structural): Continues the detailed measurements of the temple's inner courts and chambers within the same visionary sequence, showing the same concern for precise sacred architecture.
- Zechariah 2:1-2 (verbal): A visionary scene in which a man carries a measuring line to measure the city—parallel imagery of divine measurement of a holy space.
- Revelation 21:17 (thematic): Apocalyptic measurement of the holy city's wall with a measuring rod—echoes the motif of measuring sacred precincts with a rod/reed.
- 1 Kings 6:2 (thematic): Gives precise dimensions for Solomon's temple; thematically parallels Ezekiel's emphasis on exact measurements for a sacred temple complex.
Alternative generated candidates
- He measured toward the south five hundred cubits by the measuring reed.
- He measured the south side—five hundred reeds by the measuring reed.
Eze.42.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- סבב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- רוח: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- מדד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- קנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בקנה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- המדה: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Ezekiel 40:3 (verbal): A man in the vision holds a measuring reed/line to measure the temple complex—same instrument and measuring activity that frames Ezek. 42:19.
- Zechariah 2:1 (verbal): Zechariah sees a man with a measuring line surveying Jerusalem—comparable prophetic motif of measuring sacred/urban space.
- Revelation 11:1-2 (structural): John is given a reed to measure the temple and its court—an apocalyptic parallel in form and function to Ezekiel’s measuring of the temple precincts.
- Ezekiel 43:13 (thematic): Later in Ezekiel’s temple vision there are precise measurements for the altar and courts—parallels the detailed, authoritative measuring of sacred architecture in 42:19.
Alternative generated candidates
- He measured toward the west, the side of the sea, five hundred cubits by the measuring reed.
- He turned to the west and measured—five hundred reeds by the measuring reed.
Eze.42.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לארבע: PREP+NUM,card,f,sg
- רוחות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- מדדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- חומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- סביב: ADV
- סביב: ADV
- ארך: ADJ,m,sg
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ורחב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חמש: NUM,card,f,sg
- מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- להבדיל: VERB,hif,inf
- בין: PREP
- הקדש: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לחל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ezekiel 42:1-5 (structural): Immediate context: continues the temple-measuring sequence—details chambers and the surrounding wall/court that demarcate holy space, paralleling the measurement and separation language of v.20.
- Exodus 26:33 (verbal): Uses the same technical idea of making a partition/veil as a separation between holy and most holy (להבדיל בין הקדש ולחדש), echoing the language and function of separating sacred from profane.
- Exodus 27:9-18 (structural): Instructions for constructing the tabernacle court with curtains and measured dimensions to enclose the sanctuary and separate it from the camp—parallel concern with measured boundaries that mark off holy space.
- Hebrews 9:3-4 (thematic): New Testament description of the tabernacle's two compartments divided by a veil (the Holy Place and the Most Holy) reflects the enduring theme of spatial separation between sacred and common implied by Ezekiel's measured wall.
Alternative generated candidates
- For the four sides they measured for it a wall round about—five hundred by five hundred—to distinguish between the holy and the common.
- For the four sides they measured a wall all around—five hundred in length and five hundred in breadth—to make a distinction between the holy and the common.
And he led me out to the outer court by the way of the north, and brought me to the chambers that were opposite the partition and opposite the building toward the north.
Before them was an opening one hundred cubits long—the north opening—and the breadth was fifty cubits.
Opposite the twenty cubits that belonged to the inner court, and opposite the pavement that belonged to the outer court, there was a ledge thirty cubits long. And before the chambers was a passage ten cubits in length; its width toward the inner court was one cubit, and their entrances faced north.
The upper chambers were shorter, for they were recessed above the lower and middle parts of the building.
For there were three tiers, and they had no pillars like the pillars of the courts; therefore they were apart from the lower and middle portions at the ground. Now the wall on the outside, adjoining the chambers toward the outer court, in front of the chambers, its length was fifty cubits.
For the length of the chambers toward the outer court was fifty cubits, and behold, before the sanctuary it was a hundred cubits.
Beneath these chambers were entrances for those who came in from the outer court.
Across the breadth of the wall of the outer court, at the front, were approaches opposite the partition and opposite the building of the chambers. And the way before them corresponded to the pattern of the chambers on the north—so were their length and their breadth, and all their exits, their side rooms, and their doors. And the entrances of the chambers on the south opened at the head of the way, at the front of the enclosure of the court toward the east, as they came. And he said to me, “The chambers on the north and the chambers on the south that are before the partition—behold, these are holy chambers where the priests who draw near to the LORD shall eat the most holy things. There shall they place the most holy things, the grain offering, the sin offering, and the guilt offering; for the place is holy.
When the priests enter, they shall not go out from the sanctuary into the outer court. There they shall leave the garments in which they minister, for they are holy, and shall put on other garments; then they shall approach those of the people.”
Then he finished measuring the inner house and led me out by the gate whose face is east, and measured all around.
He measured the east side by the measuring reed—five hundred cubits by the measuring reed all around.
He measured the north side five hundred cubits by the measuring reed all around.
He measured the south side five hundred cubits by the measuring reed.
Toward the west he measured five hundred cubits by the measuring reed.
To the four sides they measured out a wall for it all around—five hundred in length and five hundred in breadth—to separate the holy from the common.