Jethro’s Advice

Exodus 18:1-27

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 Now Jethro, priest of Midian, Moses’ father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people—how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.

Exo.18.1 - Details

Original Text

וישמע יתרו כהן מדין חתן משה את כל־ אשר עשה אלהים למשה ולישראל עמו כי־ הוציא יהוה את־ ישראל ממצרים׃

Morphology

  • וישמע: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כהן: NOUN,m,sg,const
  • מדין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • למשה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולישראל: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • הוציא: VERB,hiphil,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ממצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Exod.3:1 (verbal): Names Jethro as 'priest of Midian' and identifies him as Moses' father‑in‑law—the same figure who 'heard' about God's acts in 18:1 (shared characters and titles).
  • Exod.2:21 (structural): Records Moses' marriage to Zipporah, establishing the relationship with his father‑in‑law (background context for Jethro's appearance in 18:1).
  • Num.10:29 (verbal): Refers to Moses' father‑in‑law (called Hobab/Reuel in some traditions) and his potential joining of Israel—another text that links Moses with a Midianite father‑in‑law figure and the exodus wanderings.
  • Josh.2:9–11 (thematic): Rahab recounts reports that the LORD 'dried up the waters' and 'all the people trembled'—a parallel instance of people hearing about God's mighty acts in bringing Israel into the land (analogous to news of the exodus reaching Jethro).
  • Ps.136:10–11 (thematic): Psalteric praise recounting God 'who divided the sea' and 'brought Israel out of Egypt'—the same divine deed that 18:1 says Jethro heard about (the exodus as the central act of deliverance).

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses’ father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people—how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.
  • And Jethro, priest of Midian, Moses’ father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people, that the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.
2 Then Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses’ wife, after she had been sent away,

Exo.18.2 - Details

Original Text

ויקח יתרו חתן משה את־ צפרה אשת משה אחר שלוחיה׃

Morphology

  • ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • צפרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחר: PREP
  • שלוחיה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,f

Parallels

  • Exodus 2:21 (allusion): Early account of Moses marrying Zipporah, daughter of Reuel (Jethro); establishes identity and prior marriage to Zipporah mentioned in 18:2.
  • Exodus 3:1 (allusion): Introduces Reuel/Jethro as priest of Midian and Moses’ father‑in‑law, providing background for the figure who returns Zipporah in 18:2.
  • Exodus 4:20 (verbal): Narrates Moses taking his wife and sons and returning to Egypt—parallel motif of Moses’ family being moved and accompanying him.
  • Exodus 18:5 (structural): Immediate parallel/continuation within the same episode: Jethro arrives and brings Moses’ wife and sons to him, repeating and expanding the information of v.2.
  • Judges 1:16 (thematic): Refers to the Kenite who was 'father‑in‑law' of Moses (tradition linking Moses’ in‑laws to Kenite/ Midianite groups), echoing the social/familial role of Jethro in Exodus 18:2.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses’ wife, after she had been sent away,
  • And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses’ wife, after she had been sent away,
3 and her two sons, of whom the name of the one was Gershom, for he said, “I have been a sojourner in a foreign land,”

Exo.18.3 - Details

Original Text

ואת שני בניה אשר שם האחד גרשם כי אמר גר הייתי בארץ נכריה׃

Morphology

  • ואת: CONJ
  • שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
  • בניה: NOUN,m,pl,poss3ms
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • שם: ADV
  • האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
  • גרשם: NOUN,m,sg,prop
  • כי: CONJ
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • גר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הייתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • נכריה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Exod.2:22 (verbal): Same naming of Moses’ son Gershom with the identical rationale—'for I have been a stranger in a strange land'—repeated earlier in the Exodus narrative.
  • Gen.23:4 (verbal): Abraham uses the formula 'I am a stranger and a sojourner' when negotiating for a burial site; shares the same language and social status motif of being a foreigner in the land.
  • Ps.39:12 (Heb. 39:13) (thematic): The psalmist appeals to God as one who is a 'stranger and sojourner,' echoing the experience of transience and alienation expressed in the naming of Gershom.
  • Lev.25:23 (thematic): Legal/theological background: the land’s owner is Yahweh and the people are 'strangers and sojourners'—the institutionalized status reflected in Exodus’ description of being a foreigner.

Alternative generated candidates

  • and her two sons, the name of the one was Gershom, for he said, “I have been a sojourner in a foreign land,”
  • and her two sons—of whom the name of the one was Gershom, for he said, “I have been a sojourner in a foreign land,”
4 and the name of the other was Eliezer, for “the God of my father was my help and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.”

Exo.18.4 - Details

Original Text

ושם האחד אליעזר כי־ אלהי אבי בעזרי ויצלני מחרב פרעה׃

Morphology

  • ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
  • אליעזר: NOUN,prop,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • אבי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • בעזרי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
  • ויצלני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg,1cs
  • מחרב: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Psalm 121:2 (verbal): Both verse and Psalm use the verb 'help' (or equivalent) to ascribe one's help to the LORD — 'My help comes from the LORD' echoes 'the God of my father was my help.'
  • 1 Samuel 7:12 (verbal): Use of a commemorative name/stone to mark divine help: 'Ebenezer... Thus far the LORD has helped us' parallels naming Eliezer to record that God was help/deliverer.
  • Exodus 14:30 (thematic): Both passages celebrate deliverance from the Egyptians/Pharaoh — 'the LORD saved Israel... from the hand of the Egyptians' corresponds to being 'delivered... from the sword of Pharaoh.'
  • Psalm 18:2 (thematic): Language of God as deliverer/helper: 'The LORD is my rock... my deliverer' thematically parallels the declaration that God provided help and rescue.
  • Exodus 2:15 (structural): Narrative background of threat from Pharaoh: Exodus 2:15 describes Moses fleeing because Pharaoh sought his life — a structurally related episode that explains contexts in which God 'delivered... from the sword of Pharaoh.'

Alternative generated candidates

  • and the name of the other, Eliezer, for “the God of my father was my help and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.”
  • and the name of the one was Eliezer, for “the God of my father was my help, and he delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.”
5 And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moses, into the wilderness where he was encamped, at the mountain of God.

Exo.18.5 - Details

Original Text

ויבא יתרו חתן משה ובניו ואשתו אל־ משה אל־ המדבר אשר־ הוא חנה שם הר האלהים׃

Morphology

  • ויבא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובניו: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ואשתו: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:3ms
  • אל: NEG
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • המדבר: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • חנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • שם: ADV
  • הר: NOUN,m,sg,cons
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Exod.2:21-22 (verbal): Reports Moses' marriage to Zipporah and the birth/name of his son (Gershom), providing background for the wife and sons who later come to Moses in the wilderness.
  • Exod.4:18 (verbal): Describes Moses' return to his father‑in‑law in Midian and staying with him—connects the ongoing relationship and movements between Moses and Jethro/Reuel.
  • Exod.3:1 (verbal): Places Moses with Jethro's flock at Horeb, explicitly calling that location the 'mountain of God,' matching the geographical designation in Exod.18:5.
  • Num.10:29-32 (thematic): Mentions Moses' father‑in‑law (Hobab/son of Reuel) and the proposal that he accompany Israel into the wilderness—echoes the theme of family ties and movement/joining at Israel's encampments.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moses, to the wilderness where he was encamped, at the mountain of God.
  • And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, came with Moses’ sons and his wife to Moses, to the wilderness where he was encamped, at the mountain of God.
6 And he said to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you, with your wife and her two sons.”

Exo.18.6 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אל־ משה אני חתנך יתרו בא אליך ואשתך ושני בניה עמה׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אני: PRON,1,sg
  • חתנך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אליך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • ואשתך: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs+2ms
  • ושני: CONJ+NUM,card,m,pl
  • בניה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3ms
  • עמה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg

Parallels

  • Exod 18:2 (verbal): Same episode: identifies Jethro (Moses' father‑in‑law) and the arrival of Moses' wife and sons — closely parallel wording and characters.
  • Exod 4:18 (verbal): Earlier report that Moses 'returned to Jethro his father‑in‑law' — echoes the father‑in‑law relationship and movement between Moses and Jethro.
  • Exod 2:21 (thematic): Background event: Moses marries Zipporah, daughter of Reuel (identified with Jethro), establishing the familial relationship referenced in Exodus 18:6.
  • Exod 18:7 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same scene: Moses greets Jethro and recounts what the LORD had done — shows the purpose and outcome of Jethro's arrival mentioned in v.6.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he said to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you, and your wife and her two sons with her.”
  • And he said to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, have come to you, and your wife and her two sons with her.”
7 And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare, and came into the tent.

Exo.18.7 - Details

Original Text

ויצא משה לקראת חתנו וישתחו וישק־ לו וישאלו איש־ לרעהו לשלום ויבאו האהלה׃

Morphology

  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לקראת: PREP
  • חתנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • וישתחו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • וישק: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • וישאלו: VERB,qal,imf,3,m,pl
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לרעהו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,prs:3,m
  • לשלום: PREP
  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • האהלה: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Genesis 33:4 (verbal): Esau 'ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him' — closely parallels the language and gesture of meeting and kissing in Exod 18:7.
  • Genesis 29:10 (verbal): Jacob 'kissed Rachel' upon meeting her — another instance of greeting by kiss at a personal encounter.
  • 1 Samuel 20:41 (verbal): David and Jonathan 'kissed one another, and wept' — similar reciprocal greeting by kiss and emotional inquiry/parting.
  • Luke 15:20 (thematic): The father 'ran and embraced him, and kissed him' — thematically parallels the warm, affectionate welcome expressed by meeting and kissing.
  • Genesis 24:67 (structural): Isaac 'brought her into his mother’s tent' — parallels the movement 'and they came into the tent' in Exod 18:7 and the household/hospitality setting that follows the greeting.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and he bowed and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare, and they came into the tent.
  • And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and he bowed and kissed him, and they inquired of one another’s welfare, and they came into the tent.
8 And Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and to Egypt for Israel’s sake, all the hardship that had found them on the way, and how the LORD delivered them.

Exo.18.8 - Details

Original Text

ויספר משה לחתנו את כל־ אשר עשה יהוה לפרעה ולמצרים על אודת ישראל את כל־ התלאה אשר מצאתם בדרך ויצלם יהוה׃

Morphology

  • ויספר: VERB,piel,impf,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לחתנו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cons+3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • לפרעה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולמצרים: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • על: PREP
  • אודת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • התלאה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • מצאתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ויצלם: VERB,hiph,impf,3,m,sg+obj3,m,pl
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Exod.14:31 (verbal): Both verses describe Israel (or Moses) witnessing the great work the LORD did to Pharaoh/the Egyptians—similar wording and the same Red Sea deliverance event.
  • Exod.12:31-36 (structural): Narrative account of Pharaoh releasing Israel and the LORD's dealings with Egypt at the Exodus—this is the episode Moses summarizes to Jethro in 18:8.
  • Acts 7:36 (allusion): Stephen’s summary of God’s deliverance of Israel from Egypt echoes Moses’ report: God ‘brought them out’ and performed signs/wonders on their behalf.
  • Ps.106:21-22 (thematic): The psalm recalls God’s mighty acts in Egypt and Israel’s experience of deliverance—echoing the theme of God’s intervention and salvation mentioned in Exod 18:8.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and to Egypt for Israel’s sake, all the hardship that had befallen them on the way, and how the LORD delivered them.
  • And Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and to Egypt on account of Israel, all the hardship that had come upon them on the way, and that the LORD delivered them.
9 And Jethro rejoiced for all the good that the LORD had done to Israel, that he had delivered them from the hand of Egypt.

Exo.18.9 - Details

Original Text

ויחד יתרו על כל־ הטובה אשר־ עשה יהוה לישראל אשר הצילו מיד מצרים׃

Morphology

  • ויחד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • על: PREP
  • כל: DET
  • הטובה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • לישראל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הצילו: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg
  • מיד: PREP
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Exodus 15:1 (thematic): Moses and Israel sing a victory song immediately after the Red Sea deliverance — communal rejoicing that celebrates the same saving act of Yahweh praised by Jethro.
  • Exodus 15:21 (thematic): Miriam’s song and dance in response to the deliverance from Egypt — a close thematic parallel of praise and rejoicing over Yahweh’s rescue of Israel.
  • Joshua 2:10 (allusion): Rahab reports that the inhabitants had heard how the LORD dried up the sea and routed nations — an example of outsiders reacting (by fear/respect) to news of Yahweh’s deeds, like Jethro’s reaction to hearing about the rescue.
  • 1 Samuel 7:12 (verbal): Samuel sets up Ebenezer, saying 'Thus far the LORD has helped us' — a concise statement of thanksgiving for divine deliverance that parallels Jethro’s rejoicing over what the LORD had done.
  • Psalm 105:37 (thematic): Psalm 105 recounts the Exodus and Yahweh bringing Israel out of Egypt; it echoes the content and theological emphasis of Jethro’s praise for God’s saving acts.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jethro rejoiced over all the good that the LORD had done to Israel, that he had delivered them from the hand of Egypt.
  • And Jethro rejoiced over all the goodness that the LORD had done to Israel, that he had delivered them from the hand of Egypt.
10 And Jethro said, “Blessed be the LORD, who delivered you from the hand of Egypt and from the hand of Pharaoh, who delivered the people from under the hand of Egypt.

Exo.18.10 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר יתרו ברוך יהוה אשר הציל אתכם מיד מצרים ומיד פרעה אשר הציל את־ העם מתחת יד־ מצרים׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ברוך: ADJ,m,sg
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הציל: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
  • מיד: PREP
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • ומיד: CONJ+PREP
  • פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הציל: VERB,hif,perf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • מתחת: PREP
  • יד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Exodus 15:1-2 (thematic): The Song of Moses is a communal praise celebrating Yahweh's deliverance of Israel from Egypt, echoing Jethro's blessing of God for rescuing the people.
  • Exodus 15:11 (verbal): Both verses affirm Yahweh's supremacy over other gods; Jethro's declaration ('the LORD is greater than all gods') parallels the song's rhetorical question 'Who is like you among the gods?'
  • Exodus 6:6 (verbal): God's promise to 'bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians' uses the same deliverance motifs and language that Jethro praises as already accomplished.
  • Psalm 136:10-12 (thematic): A liturgical recounting of the Exodus that repeatedly gives thanks to God for striking Egypt and bringing Israel out—paralleling Jethro's thanksgiving for deliverance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jethro said, “Blessed be the LORD, who has delivered you from the hand of Egypt and from the hand of Pharaoh; who has delivered the people from under the hand of Egypt.
  • And Jethro said, “Blessed be the LORD, who delivered you from the hand of Egypt and from the hand of Pharaoh, who delivered the people from under the hand of Egypt.
11 Now I know that the LORD is greater than all the gods, for in the very matter in which they dealt arrogantly against them.”

Exo.18.11 - Details

Original Text

עתה ידעתי כי־ גדול יהוה מכל־ האלהים כי בדבר אשר זדו עליהם׃

Morphology

  • עתה: ADV
  • ידעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • גדול: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • מכל: PREP
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • כי: CONJ
  • בדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • זדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • עליהם: PREP,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Exod.15:11-12 (verbal): Both passages celebrate Yahweh’s uniqueness and supremacy over other gods in the context of Israel’s deliverance (Exodus’s victory-song language: “Who is like you among the gods?”).
  • Deut.10:17 (thematic): Affirms the LORD’s superiority as ‘God of gods and Lord of lords,’ echoing the theological claim in Exod 18 that Yahweh is greater than all other gods.
  • Ps.95:3 (thematic): Declares the LORD as a great God and King above all gods, a parallel confession of Yahweh’s supremacy over other deities.
  • 1 Kings 8:23 (allusion): Solomon’s prayer—‘there is no God like you’—echoes the same recognition of Yahweh’s unparalleled status found in Jethro’s statement.
  • Ps.86:8 (verbal): Uses near-verbatim language (‘Among the gods there is none like you’) to assert that no other deity compares to Yahweh, mirroring Exod 18:11’s claim.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods, for in the very matter in which they acted arrogantly, he was above them.”
  • Now I know that the LORD is greater than all the gods, for in the matter in which they acted arrogantly, he has prevailed over them.”
12 And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God.

Exo.18.12 - Details

Original Text

ויקח יתרו חתן משה עלה וזבחים לאלהים ויבא אהרן וכל ׀ זקני ישראל לאכל־ לחם עם־ חתן משה לפני האלהים׃

Morphology

  • ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יתרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עלה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • וזבחים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לאלהים: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויבא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • זקני: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לאכל: INF,qal
  • לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עם: PREP
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לפני: PREP
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Exod.24:11 (verbal): Moses, Aaron and the elders ‘ate and drank’ in the presence of God after a significant covenantal/ritual event — closely parallels the formula of leaders sharing a meal ‘before the LORD’.
  • Lev.7:11-15 (thematic): Description of peace/fellowship offerings to be eaten by priests and worshipers — parallels the combination of sacrifice and communal eating with sacred significance.
  • 2 Sam.6:17-19 (thematic): David offers burnt and peace offerings before the LORD and then distributes food to the people/officials — similar pattern of sacrifice followed by a communal meal involving leaders.
  • Gen.31:54 (structural): Laban and Jacob set up a heap, make a covenant and eat together as witnesses — parallels covenantal meal/feast accompanying a formal agreement among leaders.
  • Gen.18:6-8 (thematic): Abraham prepares and serves a meal to divine visitors (and sacrifices while hosting) — echoes the combination of hospitality, sacrificial action, and dining in the presence of God or his messengers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God.
  • And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God, and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God.
13 And it happened on the next day that Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood about Moses from morning until evening.

Exo.18.13 - Details

Original Text

ויהי ממחרת וישב משה לשפט את־ העם ויעמד העם על־ משה מן־ הבקר עד־ הערב׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • ממחרת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לשפט: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • את: PRT,acc
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ויעמד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • על: PREP
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מן: PREP
  • הבקר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • עד: PREP
  • הערב: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Exod.18:17-23 (structural): Immediate continuation: Jethro rebukes Moses for bearing the entire judicial burden and advises appointing able men to judge the people, directly addressing why the people stood with Moses from morning to evening.
  • Deut.1:9-18 (verbal): Moses' later retelling of organizing judges in the camp — recounts his inability to bear the people alone and the appointment of capable leaders to decide disputes, paralleling the same judicial arrangement and language.
  • Num.11:14-17, 24-26 (thematic): Moses expresses the same burden of leadership and asks for help; God instructs him to gather leaders (elders) so the burden can be shared and some of the Spirit is put on them, echoing the solution to Moses' long hours of judging.
  • Acts 6:1-6 (thematic): The apostles delegate practical, time-consuming tasks to others (the seven) so they can focus on ministry — a New Testament example of instituting assistants to relieve leaders overwhelmed by people's continual needs.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And it came to pass on the next day that Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood about Moses from morning till evening.
  • And it happened on the next day that Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moses from morning until evening.
14 And Moses’ father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, and he said, “What is this thing that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit by yourself, and all the people stand over you from morning until evening?”

Exo.18.14 - Details

Original Text

וירא חתן משה את כל־ אשר־ הוא עשה לעם ויאמר מה־ הדבר הזה אשר אתה עשה לעם מדוע אתה יושב לבדך וכל־ העם נצב עליך מן־ בקר עד־ ערב׃

Morphology

  • וירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לעם: PREP
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מה: PRON,int
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לעם: PREP
  • מדוע: ADV
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • יושב: VERB,qal,ptcp,1,m,sg
  • לבדך: ADV+PRON,2,m,sg
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • נצב: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • עליך: PREP+2ms
  • מן: PREP
  • בקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עד: PREP
  • ערב: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Exod.18:13 (structural): Immediate context describing the same scene: Jethro observes Moses sitting as sole judge hearing the people’s cases, which prompts his question and advice.
  • Exod.18:24–26 (structural): Resolution of the problem described in 18:14 — Moses follows Jethro’s counsel and appoints magistrates to share the judicial burden.
  • Deut.1:9–18 (allusion): Moses’ later recounting of establishing chiefs, judges and officers to help him judge the people echoes the institutional solution to the single‑judge burden first addressed in Exodus 18.
  • Num.11:14–17 (thematic): Moses complains to God about the burden of leading the people and requests relief; parallels the theme of an overburdened leader unable to carry all responsibilities alone.
  • Acts 6:1–7 (thematic): The apostles delegate daily administrative work to appointed deacons so the apostles can focus on prayer and ministry — an early‑church example of organizational delegation similar to Jethro’s advice to Moses.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses’ father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, and he said, “What is this thing that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning till evening?”
  • And Moses’ father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, and he said, “What is this thing that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone, and all the people stand around you from morning until evening?”
15 And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.

Exo.18.15 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר משה לחתנו כי־ יבא אלי העם לדרש אלהים׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לחתנו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs:poss=3,m
  • כי: CONJ
  • יבא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לדרש: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Exod.18.19-23 (structural): Immediate continuation of Jethro’s advice—Moses is told to teach the people God’s statutes and to appoint judges so he will not alone bear all disputes.
  • Deut.1.9-18 (structural): Moses recounts appointing leaders and judges over the people to share the burden of judging—a formalization of the same leadership principle.
  • Num.11.14-17 (thematic): Moses complains that the people’s demands are too heavy for him alone and asks God for relief, prompting appointment of leaders—parallels Moses’ being the people’s mediator and the need to delegate.
  • Deut.17.8-13 (allusion): Instruction for bringing difficult cases to the central tribunal (priests/Levitical judges) for decision—reflects the institutional solution to communal queries about God’s law.
  • 1 Kings 3.16-28 (thematic): People come to the Israelite king to have disputes decided; Solomon’s role as judge illustrates the leader’s function of resolving communal inquiries and disputes.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
  • And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.
16 When they have a matter, it comes to me, and I judge between a man and his fellow, and I make known the statutes of God and his laws.”

Exo.18.16 - Details

Original Text

כי־ יהיה להם דבר בא אלי ושפטתי בין איש ובין רעהו והודעתי את־ חקי האלהים ואת־ תורתיו׃

Morphology

  • כי: CONJ
  • יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • ושפטתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
  • בין: PREP
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ובין: CONJ+PREP
  • רעהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
  • והודעתי: VERB,hiph,perf,1,_,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • חקי: NOUN,m,pl,ctv
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • ואת: CONJ
  • תורתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 1:16-17 (verbal): Moses charges judges to 'hear the causes between your brethren' and 'judge righteously between a man and his brother' — closely parallels Moses' role of adjudicating disputes in Exodus 18 and instructing in God's statutes.
  • Leviticus 19:15 (thematic): Command against partiality in judgment ('You shall do no injustice in judgment... judge your neighbor fairly') echoes the ethical/legal basis for judging 'between a man and his fellow' and teaching God's laws.
  • Deuteronomy 17:8-9 (structural): Provision for bringing difficult cases 'to the place that the LORD will choose' (to priests/judges) parallels the procedure of bringing matters to a central judge (Moses) for authoritative decision.
  • 2 Chronicles 19:5-7 (thematic): Jehoshaphat's appointment and instruction to judges to 'act courageously and let the LORD be with the upright' and to judge for God parallels Moses' practice of deciding disputes and declaring God's statutes and law.

Alternative generated candidates

  • When they have a matter, it comes to me, and I judge between a man and his neighbor, and I make known the statutes of God and his laws.”
  • When they have a matter, it comes to me, and I judge between a man and his fellow, and I make known the statutes of God and his laws.”
17 And Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing that you are doing is not good.

Exo.18.17 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר חתן משה אליו לא־ טוב הדבר אשר אתה עשה׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • חתן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Deut.1.9-18 (structural): Moses recounts the same problem and solution: he was overwhelmed acting alone and appointed judges to share the burden — the Deuteronomic retelling parallels Jethro's critique and its institutional outcome.
  • Num.11.14-17 (thematic): Moses complains that he cannot carry the people alone and asks God for help; God ordains sharing leadership (the seventy elders), echoing the concern about a single leader bearing all responsibilities.
  • Gen.2.18 (verbal): The phrase 'not good' (לא־טוב) appears here about solitude — 'it is not good that the man should be alone' — a verbal and conceptual parallel to Jethro's verdict that Moses' solitary practice is 'not good.'
  • Acts.6.1-7 (thematic): The apostles face administrative overload and delegate responsibilities by appointing seven deacons so they can focus on primary duties, paralleling Jethro's advice to distribute judicial tasks.
  • Prov.11.14 (thematic): 'Where there is no guidance/counsel the people fall; in abundance of counselors there is safety' — a proverb that summarizes the principle behind Jethro's critique and his counsel to appoint additional officials.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing that you are doing is not good.
  • And Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing that you are doing is not good.
18 You will surely wear out, both you and this people that is with you, for the thing is too heavy for you; you are not able to do it alone.

Exo.18.18 - Details

Original Text

נבל תבל גם־ אתה גם־ העם הזה אשר עמך כי־ כבד ממך הדבר לא־ תוכל עשהו לבדך׃

Morphology

  • נבל: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • תבל: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • גם: ADV
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • גם: ADV
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
  • כי: CONJ
  • כבד: ADJ,m,sg,abs
  • ממך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • תוכל: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • עשהו: VERB,qal,inf+PRON,3,m,sg
  • לבדך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Num.11.14-17,24-25 (verbal): Moses tells God he cannot bear the people alone and asks for help; God shares his spirit with seventy elders so they can assist — echoes the same claim that the task is too heavy for one person.
  • Exod.18.21-22 (structural): Immediate continuation of Jethro's counsel: he instructs Moses to appoint capable men to judge the people, providing the practical solution to the burden described in 18:18.
  • Deut.1.9-18 (thematic): Moses' retrospective account of selecting experienced men as judges and delegating authority parallels Jethro's advice and records the implementation of shared leadership.
  • Prov.11.14 (thematic): Proverbial principle that many counselors provide safety resonates with the idea that leadership and judgment should be distributed rather than carried by one person alone.

Alternative generated candidates

  • You will surely wear yourself out, both you and this people that is with you; for the thing is too heavy for you—you are not able to do it alone.
  • You will surely wear yourself out, both you and this people that is with you, for the thing is too heavy for you; you are not able to do it by yourself.
19 Now listen to my voice; I will counsel you, and may God be with you. You be for the people before God, and you bring the matters to God,

Exo.18.19 - Details

Original Text

עתה שמע בקלי איעצך ויהי אלהים עמך היה אתה לעם מול האלהים והבאת אתה את־ הדברים אל־ האלהים׃

Morphology

  • עתה: ADV
  • שמע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • בקלי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
  • איעצך: VERB,qal,impf,1,?,sg+OBJ:2,m,sg
  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
  • היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • לעם: PREP
  • מול: PREP
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והבאת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הדברים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • אל: NEG
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def

Parallels

  • Numbers 11:16-17 (structural): God instructs Moses to gather seventy elders so leadership and the Spirit can be shared and Moses will not bear the people’s burden alone—echoes Jethro’s counsel to delegate and that God be with Moses.
  • Deuteronomy 1:9-18 (verbal): Moses retells his decision to appoint chiefs and judges because he could not bear the people alone, repeating the same principle of delegating judicial authority for the sake of the people.
  • Acts 6:1-7 (thematic): The apostles appoint seven to handle practical disputes so the leaders can devote themselves to prayer and ministry—parallel to delegating responsibilities so the chief leader can stand ‘before God’ for the people.
  • Proverbs 15:22 (thematic): “Plans fail for lack of counsel…”—affirms the value of seeking and heeding wise counsel, which underlies Jethro’s admonition to Moses to accept advice.
  • Judges 2:16 (thematic): The LORD raises up judges to deliver and lead Israel; thematically parallels the institutionalizing of leadership and God’s role in establishing representatives who stand for the people.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Now listen to my voice; I will counsel you, and God be with you. You be for the people before God, and you bring the matters to God.
  • Now listen to my voice; I will counsel you, and God be with you! You be for the people before God, and you bring the matters to God.
20 and you shall warn them about the statutes and the laws, and make known to them the way they must walk in it, and the work that they must do.

Exo.18.20 - Details

Original Text

והזהרתה אתהם את־ החקים ואת־ התורת והודעת להם את־ הדרך ילכו בה ואת־ המעשה אשר יעשון׃

Morphology

  • והזהרתה: VERB,hif,impf,2,m,sg
  • אתהם: PRON,3,m,pl,acc
  • את: PRT,acc
  • החקים: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • ואת: CONJ
  • התורת: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • והודעת: VERB,hif,impf,2,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הדרך: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ילכו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • המעשה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • יעשון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 4:1 (verbal): Calls Israel to 'hear' and 'observe' the statutes and judgments—language and purpose (teaching the law and what to do) closely parallel Jethro's instruction to teach statutes and the way to walk.
  • Deuteronomy 6:7 (thematic): Commands continual instruction of God's commands to the next generation—shares the theme of deliberately teaching the people how to live by the law.
  • Isaiah 30:21 (verbal): Uses the explicit guiding formula 'This is the way; walk ye in it,' directly echoing the Exodus charge to show the people the way they should go.
  • Psalm 119:105 (thematic): Portrays God's word as guidance for the path of life ('a lamp to my feet, a light to my path'), thematically echoing the injunction to show the way and the conduct required.
  • Nehemiah 8:8 (structural): Describes public reading and explanation of the law—'they read from the book... gave the sense and helped them understand'—paralleling Moses' role to teach statutes and explain how to live them.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And you shall warn them of the statutes and the laws, and make known to them the way in which they should walk and the work that they should do.
  • And you shall warn them about the statutes and the laws, and make known to them the way in which they must walk and the work that they must do.
21 And you shall discern out of all the people able men, men who fear God, men of truth, haters of unjust gain, and set them over them as chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.

Exo.18.21 - Details

Original Text

ואתה תחזה מכל־ העם אנשי־ חיל יראי אלהים אנשי אמת שנאי בצע ושמת עלהם שרי אלפים שרי מאות שרי חמשים ושרי עשרת׃

Morphology

  • ואתה: CONJ+PRON,2,m,sg
  • תחזה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • מכל: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • יראי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • אמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • שנאי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • בצע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ושמת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
  • עלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • אלפים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • חמשים: NUM,card,pl
  • ושרי: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • עשרת: NUM,card,ten,cons

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 1:13 (verbal): Moses is told to ‘choose wise, understanding, and known’ men as heads — language and function parallel Jethro’s call to select capable, God‑fearing, trustworthy leaders.
  • Deuteronomy 16:18 (structural): Command to ‘appoint judges and officials’ throughout the tribes parallels Jethro’s recommendation to set up delegated judges over thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens.
  • Numbers 11:16–17 (structural): God instructs Moses to gather seventy elders to share his burden — a similar solution of delegating leadership and judgment to appointed men.
  • Acts 6:3 (thematic): The Jerusalem church selects ‘men of good repute, full of the Spirit and wisdom’ to handle practical matters — echoes the criteria and delegation principle in Exod 18:21.
  • 1 Timothy 3:1–7 (thematic): Qualifications for overseers (above reproach, able to teach, not greedy for gain) reflect the moral and leadership qualities (fear of God, hate of dishonest gain, able men) demanded in Exod 18:21.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And you shall select out of all the people men of valor, fearers of God, men of truth, haters of unjust gain, and set over them chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.
  • And you, look out from all the people capable men, fearing God, men of truth, hating unjust gain, and set them over the people as chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.
22 And let them judge the people at all times; and it shall be that every great matter they shall bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so you will lighten it from upon yourself, and they shall bear it with you.

Exo.18.22 - Details

Original Text

ושפטו את־ העם בכל־ עת והיה כל־ הדבר הגדל יביאו אליך וכל־ הדבר הקטן ישפטו־ הם והקל מעליך ונשאו אתך׃

Morphology

  • ושפטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • והיה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • כל: DET
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הגדל: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • יביאו: VERB,hif,impf,3,m,pl
  • אליך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הקטן: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • ישפטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
  • והקל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מעליך: PREP,2,m
  • ונשאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אתך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Exod.18:21 (verbal): Immediate context: Jethro's instruction to select capable men to serve as judges — 18:22 continues and specifies that minor cases be handled by these appointees while major cases are brought to Moses.
  • Num.11:16-17 (thematic): God tells Moses to gather seventy elders so that they share the burden of leadership — parallels the concern in Exod 18 to relieve Moses by delegating authority to others.
  • Deut.1:9-18 (verbal): Moses' retrospective account of appointing judges for ordinary disputes and reserving difficult cases for himself — a retelling/implementation of the same principle found in Exod 18:22.
  • Deut.16:18 (verbal): Legal injunction to 'appoint judges and officers in all your towns' to administer justice — institutional parallel to the establishment of local judges in Exod 18.
  • 2 Chron.19:5-7 (thematic): King Jehoshaphat appoints judges and charges them to judge in the fear of the LORD and not pervert justice — echoes the delegation of judicial responsibility and concern for righteous administration.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And let them judge the people at all times; and it shall be that every great matter they shall bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves. So it will be lighter for you, and they will bear it with you.
  • And let them judge the people at all times; and it shall be that every great matter they bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so it will be lighter for you, and they will bear it with you.
23 If you do this thing—and God so command you—then you will be able to stand, and also all this people will go to their place in peace.”

Exo.18.23 - Details

Original Text

אם את־ הדבר הזה תעשה וצוך אלהים ויכלת עמד וגם כל־ העם הזה על־ מקמו יבא בשלום׃

Morphology

  • אם: CONJ
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • תעשה: VERB,qal,imf,2,m,sg
  • וצוך: VERB,qal,imperf,3,m,sg
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ויכלת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
  • עמד: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • וגם: CONJ
  • כל: DET
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הזה: DEM,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • מקמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • יבא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בשלום: PREP

Parallels

  • Exod.18:21-22 (verbal): Immediate context: Jethro’s instructions to appoint capable men as judges and delegate difficult cases — the same speech that leads to v.23’s promise that Moses can endure and the people go home in peace.
  • Deut.1:15-18 (quotation): Moses’ later retelling of the same action — appointing leaders/ judges to help decide disputes so he would not bear the burden alone (direct repetition of the Exodus episode).
  • Num.11:14-17 (allusion): Moses’ plea to the LORD that he cannot bear the people alone and God’s provision of seventy elders to share the leadership burden — a parallel instance of divinely sanctioned delegation to relieve one leader’s load.
  • Prov.11:14 (thematic): “Where there is no guidance a people falls, but in abundance of counselors there is safety” — echoes the principle that shared counsel/leadership brings stability and peace (thematic parallel).
  • 1 Kings 12:6-11 (thematic): The elders advise Rehoboam to lighten the people’s burden; when he rejects wise counsel and increases the yoke, national unity collapses — a contrasting example underscoring the link between wise delegation/counsel and communal peace.

Alternative generated candidates

  • If you do this thing—and God so commands you—then you will be able to stand, and also all this people will go to its place in peace.”
  • If you do this thing, and God so commands you, then you will be able to stand, and also all this people will go to their place in peace.”
24 So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said.

Exo.18.24 - Details

Original Text

וישמע משה לקול חתנו ויעש כל אשר אמר׃

Morphology

  • וישמע: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לקול: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • חתנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • ויעש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • כל: DET
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Exod.18.23 (structural): Immediate context of the same scene—Jethro's instruction about appointing judges, to which Moses' obedience in v.24 responds.
  • Deut.1:9-18 (quotation): Moses' later retelling of how he appointed judges and delegated authority—recounts the same action of heeding counsel and instituting leaders.
  • Num.11:16-17 (thematic): God commands Moses to gather leaders to share the burden of leadership—another instance of relieving concentrated judicial/administrative strain by delegation.
  • Prov.15:22 (thematic): Proverb endorsing wise counsel and many advisers — a general wisdom parallel to Moses' acceptance of Jethro's advice to establish a system of counselors.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said.
  • And Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said.
25 And Moses chose able men out of all Israel and set them as heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.

Exo.18.25 - Details

Original Text

ויבחר משה אנשי־ חיל מכל־ ישראל ויתן אתם ראשים על־ העם שרי אלפים שרי מאות שרי חמשים ושרי עשרת׃

Morphology

  • ויבחר: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
  • חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • מכל: PREP
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • ראשים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • על: PREP
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • אלפים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • מאות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • שרי: NOUN,m,pl,cs
  • חמשים: NUM,card,pl
  • ושרי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
  • עשרת: NUM,card,ten,cons

Parallels

  • Exodus 18:21-22 (verbal): Immediate instruction from Jethro to Moses to choose capable men as leaders/judges — same directive language and purpose as v.25.
  • Deuteronomy 1:9-18 (verbal): Moses' retrospective account of appointing wise, experienced men as heads over the people and establishing officials over thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens (same institutional formula and wording).
  • Numbers 11:16-17 (thematic): God instructs Moses to gather seventy elders to share the leadership burden — parallels the theme of delegating authority and appointing leaders to assist governance.
  • Acts 6:1-6 (thematic): The apostles select seven men to oversee a specific administrative task so the apostles can focus on ministry — a New Testament instance of appointing trusted men to share leadership/administration.
  • Proverbs 11:14 (thematic): Says that where there is no guidance a people falls, but safety is in many advisers — thematically supports the wisdom of appointing multiple leaders/judges for the community.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses chose men of valor out of all Israel and set them as heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.
  • And Moses chose capable men out of all Israel and set them as heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens.
26 And they judged the people at all times: the hard matter they would bring to Moses, but every small matter they themselves would judge.

Exo.18.26 - Details

Original Text

ושפטו את־ העם בכל־ עת את־ הדבר הקשה יביאון אל־ משה וכל־ הדבר הקטן ישפוטו הם׃

Morphology

  • ושפטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • העם: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הקשה: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • יביאון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
  • הדבר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • הקטן: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • ישפוטו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Deuteronomy 1:15-17 (quotation): Moses’ later retelling repeats the same judicial arrangement and language: appointing leaders to judge the people and bringing the hard cases to Moses while smaller matters are judged by others.
  • Exodus 18:25 (verbal): Immediate context: Moses chooses capable men as heads over the people to serve as judges — the procedural setup that leads directly to v.26’s division of hard and small cases.
  • Deuteronomy 16:18 (structural): Legal injunction to 'appoint judges and officers' for the tribes of Israel, providing the institutional basis for decentralized adjudication described in Exod 18:26.
  • 2 Chronicles 19:5-11 (thematic): Jehoshaphat’s appointment and instruction of judges throughout Judah parallels the administrative decentralization of justice and the charge to judge rightly and in the fear of the Lord.
  • 1 Kings 3:16-28 (thematic): Solomon’s adjudication of the difficult case between two women exemplifies the role of superior adjudication for hard cases, paralleling the practice of referring difficult matters to a central authority.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they judged the people at all times; the difficult matter they would bring to Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.
  • And they judged the people at all times; every difficult matter they would bring to Moses, but every small matter they themselves would judge.
27 And Moses sent his father-in-law away, and he went to his own land.

Exo.18.27 - Details

Original Text

וישלח משה את־ חתנו וילך לו אל־ ארצו׃

Morphology

  • וישלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • משה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • חתנו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • וילך: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • ארצו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Numbers 10:32 (verbal): Same figure (Hobab/Jethro's kin) and near-identical action — he declines to accompany Israel and 'went to his own land,' echoing Exodus' report that Moses sent his son‑in‑law away to his country.
  • Ruth 1:15-18 (thematic): Naomi urges her daughters‑in‑law to return to their own people and country; one complies and returns while the other remains — a parallel motif of sending/releasing a family member to return to their native land.
  • Exod.4:20 (verbal): Moses 'took his wife and sons... and returned to the land of Egypt' — similar language and theme of household movement/return to a homeland.
  • Gen.12:4-5 (thematic): Abram departs his father's household with his wife and household for a land of origin/destination — another instance of family migration and relocation framing covenantal journeying and the motif of going to/from a country.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Moses sent his father-in-law away, and he went to his own land.
  • And Moses sent his father-in-law away, and he went to his own land.

Now Jethro, priest of Midian, Moses’ father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses and for Israel his people—how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.

Then Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took Zipporah, Moses’ wife, after she had been sent away,

and her two sons, of whom the name of the one was Gershom, for he said, “I have been a sojourner in a foreign land,”

and the name of the other was Eliezer, for “the God of my father was my help and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.” And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, came with his sons and his wife to Moses, into the wilderness where he was encamped, at the mountain of God. And he said to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you, with your wife and her two sons.” And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare, and came into the tent. And Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and to Egypt for Israel’s sake, all the hardship that had found them on the way, and how the LORD delivered them. And Jethro rejoiced for all the good that the LORD had done to Israel, that he had delivered them from the hand of Egypt. And Jethro said, “Blessed be the LORD, who delivered you from the hand of Egypt and from the hand of Pharaoh, who delivered the people from under the hand of Egypt. Now I know that the LORD is greater than all the gods, for in the very matter in which they dealt arrogantly against them.” And Jethro, Moses’ father-in-law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law before God. And it happened on the next day that Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood about Moses from morning until evening. And Moses’ father-in-law saw all that he was doing for the people, and he said, “What is this thing that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit by yourself, and all the people stand over you from morning until evening?” And Moses said to his father-in-law, “Because the people come to me to inquire of God.

When they have a matter, it comes to me, and I judge between a man and his fellow, and I make known the statutes of God and his laws.” And Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “The thing that you are doing is not good.

You will surely wear out, both you and this people that is with you, for the thing is too heavy for you; you are not able to do it alone. Now listen to my voice; I will counsel you, and may God be with you. You be for the people before God, and you bring the matters to God,

and you shall warn them about the statutes and the laws, and make known to them the way they must walk in it, and the work that they must do. And you shall discern out of all the people able men, men who fear God, men of truth, haters of unjust gain, and set them over them as chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens. And let them judge the people at all times; and it shall be that every great matter they shall bring to you, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so you will lighten it from upon yourself, and they shall bear it with you.

If you do this thing—and God so command you—then you will be able to stand, and also all this people will go to their place in peace.” So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said. And Moses chose able men out of all Israel and set them as heads over the people, chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens. And they judged the people at all times: the hard matter they would bring to Moses, but every small matter they themselves would judge. And Moses sent his father-in-law away, and he went to his own land.