Be Strong in Grace and Guard the Gospel
2 Timothy 1:1-2:13
2Tim.1.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Παυλος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- αποστολος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- δια: PREP
- θεληματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- κατ᾽επαγγελιαν: PREP+NOUN,acc,sg,f
- ζωης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- Χριστω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 1:1 (verbal): Paul introduces himself as an apostle 'called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God' (διὰ θελήματος θεοῦ), language nearly identical to 2 Tim 1:1.
- Romans 1:1 (structural): Paul's typical opening identifying himself as an apostle of Jesus Christ and grounding his commission in God's initiative; parallels the self‑designation and divine commission in 2 Tim 1:1.
- Galatians 1:1 (verbal): Paul stresses that his apostleship is from God and Christ ('not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father'), echoing the emphasis on divine will as the source of his apostolic office.
- 2 Timothy 1:9 (thematic): Within the same letter, the theme of divine calling and purpose is developed—God 'saved us and called us with a holy calling... according to his own purpose and grace'—which connects to 'according to the promise of life in Christ Jesus' in 2 Tim 1:1.
Alternative generated candidates
- Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, according to the promise of life that is in Christ Jesus,
- Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, according to the promise of life that is in Christ Jesus,
2Tim.1.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Τιμοθεω: NOUN,voc,sg,m
- αγαπητω: ADJ,voc,sg,m
- τεκνω·χαρις: NOUN,voc,sg,n+NOUN,nom,sg,f
- ελεος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- ειρηνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- απο: PREP
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- πατρος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
Parallels
- 1 Timothy 1:2 (verbal): Nearly identical salutation to Timothy — same address ('beloved child') and the triadic greeting (grace, mercy, peace) from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.
- Romans 1:7 (verbal): Paulic greeting formula: 'Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ' — same source-language pairing of grace/peace and the twofold divine origin.
- Philippians 1:2 (verbal): Close parallel in wording and theological thrust: 'Grace and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ,' showing the common Pauline benediction.
- Titus 1:4 (verbal): Similar personal address ('my true child') and the greeting 'Grace and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Savior,' echoing the same greeting pattern.
- 2 Corinthians 13:11 (thematic): Different wording but similar benedictory function — a closing blessing invoking grace, peace, and unity, reflecting the same pastoral concern and liturgical pattern.
Alternative generated candidates
- to Timothy, my beloved child: Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.
- To Timothy, my beloved child: Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.
2Tim.1.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Χαριν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εχω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- θεω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- ω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- λατρευω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- απο: PREP
- προγονων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- εν: PREP
- καθαρα: ADJ,nom,pl,neut
- συνειδησει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- ως: ADV
- αδιαλειπτον: ADJ,acc,sg,m
- εχω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- περι: PREP
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- μνειαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- ταις: ART,dat,pl,f
- δεησεσιν: NOUN,dat,pl,f
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- νυκτος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ημερας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
Parallels
- Philippians 1:3-4 (verbal): Paul's formula of thanksgiving and remembrance in prayer—'I thank my God upon every remembrance of you' and 'always in every prayer of mine' closely parallels 2 Tim 1:3's thanksgiving and constant remembrance night and day.
- Romans 1:9 (verbal): Romans uses nearly identical language about serving God and constant remembrance in prayer—'God, whom I serve with my spirit... is my witness, how I constantly remember you' echoing the servant/thanksgiving motif in 2 Tim 1:3.
- Colossians 1:3 (verbal): 'We give thanks to God... praying always for you' parallels 2 Tim 1:3's thanksgiving to God and the uninterrupted nature of Paul's prayers for his co‑believer.
- Ephesians 1:16 (verbal): 'I do not cease to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers' mirrors 2 Tim 1:3's claim of unceasing remembrance in prayer (night and day).
Alternative generated candidates
- I thank God, whom I serve with a clear conscience as my forefathers did, when I remember you continually in my prayers night and day.
- I thank God, whom I serve from my forefathers with a clear conscience, as I constantly remember you in my prayers night and day;
2Tim.1.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- επιποθων: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- ιδειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- μεμνημενος: VERB,perf,mid/pass,ptc,nom,sg,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- δακρυων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
- ινα: CONJ
- χαρας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- πληρωθω: VERB,pres,pass,subj,1,sg
Parallels
- Romans 1:11-12 (verbal): Paul says he longs to see the Roman believers so he may impart a spiritual gift and be mutually encouraged—language of longing to visit and mutual joy parallels 2 Tim 1:4.
- Philippians 1:8 (verbal): Paul testifies to his deep longing/affection for the Philippians in Christ—echoes the personal yearning (ἐπιποθῶ) to see and be united in joy.
- 1 Thessalonians 3:6-10 (thematic): Paul and coworkers express intense desire and prayer to see the Thessalonians (’to see your face’), and report how news of them brought joy—parallels longing, tears/concern, and joy on reunion.
- Acts 20:36-38 (thematic): At Paul’s parting from the Ephesian elders there is much weeping because they expect not to see his face again—connects the motif of tears at separation and the emotional urgency to see one another found in 2 Tim 1:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- Longing to see you, I recall your tears, so that I may be filled with joy.
- longing to see you, remembering your tears, so that I may be filled with joy.
2Tim.1.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- υπομνησιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- λαβων: PART,aor,act,nom,sg,m
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- ανυποκριτου: ADJ,gen,sg,f
- πιστεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ητις: PRON,rel,nom,sg,f
- ενωκησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- πρωτον: ADV
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- μαμμη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- Λωιδι: PROPN,dat,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- μητρι: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- Ευνικη: PROPN,dat,sg,f
- πεπεισμαι: VERB,perf,mid,ind,1,sg
- δε: CONJ
- οτι: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- εν: PREP
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
Parallels
- Acts 16:1 (structural): Gives biographical detail about Timothy (son of a Jewish woman), corroborating the family background implied by naming his mother (Eunice) in 2 Tim 1:5.
- 2 Timothy 3:14-15 (verbal): Refers to Timothy's lifelong acquaintance with the Scriptures and faith from childhood—parallels the claim that sincere faith was passed down from his grandmother and mother.
- 1 Timothy 1:2 (verbal): Paul addresses Timothy as his 'true child in the faith,' using familial/faith language that echoes the affirmation of Timothy's genuine faith in 2 Tim 1:5.
- Philippians 2:20-22 (thematic): Paul commends Timothy's proven care and genuine character, which aligns with the description of Timothy possessing a sincere, familial faith in 2 Tim 1:5.
- 2 Timothy 2:2 (thematic): Paul's instruction to entrust teachings to 'faithful men' continues the theme of transmission of sincere faith—reflecting the generational passing of faith noted in 2 Tim 1:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- I am reminded of the sincere faith that first lived in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice—and I am persuaded is in you also.
- For I am mindful of the sincere faith that is in you, which first dwelt in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice, and I am persuaded is in you also.
2Tim.1.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δι᾽ην: PRON,acc,sg,f
- αιτιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- αναμιμνησκω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- αναζωπυρειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- χαρισμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- εν: PREP
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- δια: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- επιθεσεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- χειρων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- μου·: PRON,gen,sg,1
Parallels
- 1 Timothy 4:14 (verbal): Same language and idea: do not neglect/rekindle the gift in you, which was conferred through prophecy and the laying on of hands.
- Acts 8:17 (verbal): Peter and John laid hands on new believers and they received the Holy Spirit—connects laying on of hands with impartation of a gift/Spirit.
- Acts 13:3 (structural): The church fasted, prayed, and laid hands on Barnabas and Saul to commission them—shows laying on of hands as a means of commissioning/empowering.
- Hebrews 6:2 (allusion): Lists 'instruction about baptisms, laying on of hands' as an elementary teaching—reflects early Christian practice/theology behind the phrase 'through the laying on of my hands.'
- Romans 12:6 (thematic): Discussion of differing spiritual gifts given by grace—connects to Paul’s concern that Timothy stir up and use the gift God has given him.
Alternative generated candidates
- For this reason I remind you to rekindle the gift of God that is within you through the laying on of my hands.
- For this reason I remind you to fan into flame the gift of God that is in you through the laying on of my hands.
2Tim.1.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ου: PART,neg
- γαρ: PART
- εδωκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ημιν: PRON,dat,pl,1
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- θεος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- πνευμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- δειλιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- αλλα: CONJ
- δυναμεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- αγαπης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- σωφρονισμου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Romans 8:15 (verbal): Contrasts a 'spirit of slavery/fear' with the Spirit given by God (Spirit of adoption), closely echoing 2 Tim 1:7's denial of a spirit of fear.
- 1 John 4:18 (verbal): 'Perfect love casts out fear' parallels the association of God's gift with love that overcomes fear in 2 Tim 1:7.
- Joshua 1:9 (thematic): Command to 'be strong and courageous' and 'do not be afraid' resonates thematically with the affirmation that God gives power/courage rather than fear.
- Acts 1:8 (thematic): Promise of receiving power through the Holy Spirit connects with 2 Tim 1:7's reference to a 'spirit of power' given by God.
- Titus 2:11-12 (verbal): God's grace 'teaches us to say “No” to ungodliness and to live self-controlled' parallels the 'self-control/sound mind' (σωφροσύνης) motif in 2 Tim 1:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- For God has not given us a spirit of timidity, but of power and of love and of self-discipline.
- For God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power and love and self-control.
2Tim.1.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Μη: PART
- ουν: CONJ
- επαισχυνθης: VERB,aor,pas,subj,2,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- μαρτυριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- μηδε: CONJ
- εμε: PRON,acc,sg,1
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- δεσμιον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- αλλα: CONJ
- συγκακοπαθησον: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ευαγγελιω: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- κατα: PREP
- δυναμιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Romans 1:16 (verbal): Paul declares he is 'not ashamed of the gospel,' directly paralleling the command in 2 Tim 1:8 to not be ashamed of the testimony/gospel.
- Mark 8:38 (cf. Luke 9:26) (verbal): Jesus warns against being ashamed of him and his words; 2 Tim 1:8 echoes this theme of refusing shame regarding Christ and his message.
- Philippians 1:29 (thematic): Paul says believers are 'granted' the privilege of suffering for Christ—paralleling 2 Tim 1:8’s call to share in suffering for the gospel.
- 1 Peter 4:13-16 (thematic): Peter encourages rejoicing in sharing Christ’s sufferings and not being ashamed when suffering as a Christian, closely matching the exhortation in 2 Tim 1:8.
- 2 Timothy 2:3 (structural): Within the same letter Paul similarly instructs Timothy to 'share in suffering' (be a good soldier), a parallel exhortation reinforcing 2 Tim 1:8's call to endure hardship for the gospel.
Alternative generated candidates
- So do not be ashamed of the testimony about our Lord, nor of me his prisoner; but share in suffering for the gospel by the power of God.
- Therefore do not be ashamed of the testimony about our Lord, nor of me his prisoner; rather, share in suffering for the gospel by the power of God.
2Tim.1.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- σωσαντος: VERB,aor,act,ptcp,gen,sg,m
- ημας: PRON,acc,pl,1
- και: CONJ
- καλεσαντος: VERB,aor,act,ptcp,gen,sg,m
- κλησει: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- αγια: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- ου: PART,neg
- κατα: PREP
- τα: ART,acc,pl,n
- εργα: NOUN,acc,pl,n
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- αλλα: CONJ
- κατα: PREP
- ιδιαν: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- προθεσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- χαριν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- δοθεισαν: PART,aor,pass,acc,sg,f
- ημιν: PRON,dat,pl,1
- εν: PREP
- Χριστω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- προ: PREP
- χρονων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- αιωνιων: ADJ,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- Ephesians 2:8-9 (verbal): Affirms salvation by grace, not by works—directly parallels 'not according to our works but according to his own purpose and grace.'
- Titus 3:5 (thematic): Speaks of God saving us 'not by works of righteousness' but by his mercy—echoes the contrast between divine initiative and human deeds in 2 Tim 1:9.
- Ephesians 1:4-5 (allusion): Speaks of being chosen in Christ 'before the foundation of the world' and predestined—parallels 'given us in Christ Jesus before times eternal' and the emphasis on God's prior purpose.
- Romans 8:29-30 (structural): Sets out the sequence 'foreknown—predestined—called—justified—glorified,' correlating with 2 Tim 1:9's focus on calling according to God's purpose.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:13-14 (thematic): States God chose and called believers 'through sanctification of the Spirit and belief' and 'called you through our gospel'—parallels 2 Tim 1:9's themes of calling, election, and salvation in Christ.
Alternative generated candidates
- He saved us and called us with a holy calling—not because of our works but by his own purpose and grace, given to us in Christ Jesus before the ages began,
- He has saved us and called us with a holy calling—not according to our works but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the ages began,
2Tim.1.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- φανερωθεισαν: VERB,aor,pass,part,acc,sg,f
- δε: CONJ
- νυν: ADV
- δια: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- επιφανειας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- σωτηρος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ημων: PRON,gen,pl,1
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- καταργησαντος: VERB,aor,act,part,gen,sg,m
- μεν: PART
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- θανατον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- φωτισαντος: VERB,aor,act,part,gen,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- ζωην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- αφθαρσιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- δια: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ευαγγελιου: NOUN,gen,sg,n
Parallels
- Hebrews 2:14-15 (verbal): Speaks of Christ sharing flesh and destroying the power of death so those enslaved by fear of death are freed—closely parallels 'abolished death' and the liberating effect of Christ's appearing.
- 1 Corinthians 15:54-57 (verbal): Describes death being 'swallowed up in victory' and gives thanksgiving for victory through the Lord—echoes the triumph over death and the revelation of life through Christ's resurrection.
- Romans 6:23 (thematic): Contrasts death as the wages of sin with 'the gift of God'—eternal life through Jesus Christ, paralleling the idea of life and immortality brought to light through the gospel.
- Acts 13:32-37 (structural): Paul's proclamation that God fulfilled his promise by raising Jesus from the dead, thereby breaking death's hold—parallels the announcement that the Savior's appearing has revealed life through the gospel.
- Revelation 1:17-18 (verbal): The risen Christ declares 'I was dead, and behold I am alive forevermore' and claims the keys of Death and Hades—directly resonates with Jesus' victory over death and the disclosure of eternal life.
Alternative generated candidates
- and now revealed by the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus, who abolished death and brought life and incorruptibility to light through the gospel.
- and which now has been revealed by the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus, who abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel.
2Tim.1.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εις: PREP
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ετεθην: VERB,aor,pass,ind,1,sg
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- κηρυξ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- αποστολος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- διδασκαλος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- 1 Timothy 2:7 (verbal): Nearly identical self‑description: Paul says he was appointed 'a preacher and an apostle and a teacher of the Gentiles' (close verbal parallel to 2 Tim 1:11).
- Romans 1:1 (verbal): Paul describes himself as 'called to be an apostle' and 'set apart' for the gospel—similar language of appointment to an apostolic office.},{
Alternative generated candidates
- For this gospel I was appointed a herald, apostle, and teacher.
- For this gospel I was appointed a preacher and an apostle and a teacher of the Gentiles.
2Tim.1.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δι᾽ην: PRON,acc,sg,f
- αιτιαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ταυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- πασχω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- αλλ᾽ουκ: CONJ
- επαισχυνομαι: VERB,pres,mid/pass,ind,1,sg
- οιδα: VERB,perf,act,ind,1,sg
- γαρ: PART
- ω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- πεπιστευκα: VERB,perf,act,ind,1,sg
- και: CONJ
- πεπεισμαι: VERB,perf,mid/pass,ind,1,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- δυνατος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- παραθηκην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- φυλαξαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
- εις: PREP
- εκεινην: PRON,acc,sg,f
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- ημεραν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 1:14 (verbal): Same 'deposit/entrust' language (παράθηκην/παραθήκην) and charge to 'guard the deposit' entrusted through the Holy Spirit—direct verbal and thematic continuation of guarding what is entrusted.
- 1 Timothy 6:20 (verbal): Paul's charge to Timothy to 'keep that which is committed to thy trust' (Greek παράθεςθαί/παράθηκην)—uses the same verb/idea of safeguarding a entrusted deposit.
- 2 Timothy 4:7-8 (thematic): Paul's confident closing testimony ('I have fought the good fight... henceforth there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness') parallels the confident trust that God will guard Paul's deposit 'unto that day' and vindicate him.
- Hebrews 10:23 (thematic): 'Let us hold fast the confession... for he is faithful that promised' echoes the trust in God's faithfulness asserted in 2 Tim 1:12 ('I know whom I have believed... he is able').
- 1 Thessalonians 5:24 (thematic): 'Faithful is he that calleth you, who also will do it' resonates with Paul's persuasion that God is able to keep/guard what Paul has committed to him—stress on God's faithfulness to complete His saving work.
Alternative generated candidates
- For this reason I endure all things, convinced of whom I have believed and confident that he is able to guard what I have entrusted to him until that day.
- For this reason I suffer as I do, but I am not ashamed, for I know whom I have believed and am persuaded that he is able to guard what has been entrusted to me for that day.
2Tim.1.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- υποτυπωσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εχε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,sg
- υγιαινοντων: PART,pres,act,gen,pl,m
- λογων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- παρ᾽εμου: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,1
- ηκουσας: VERB,aor,act,ind,2,sg
- εν: PREP
- πιστει: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- αγαπη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- Χριστω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- Ιησου·: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 1:14 (thematic): Immediate context: continues the exhortation to preserve the apostolic teaching—here framed as guarding the 'good deposit' by the Spirit, complementing 'hold fast the pattern of sound words.'
- 2 Timothy 2:2 (verbal): Shares the formula 'what you have heard from me' and the concern to pass on apostolic instruction to trustworthy others—emphasis on transmission and preservation of the teaching.
- 1 Timothy 6:3 (verbal): Uses the same idea of 'sound/healthy words' and warns against accepting teaching that contradicts them; parallels the call to adhere to sound doctrine.
- Titus 1:9 (verbal): Commands leaders to 'hold firmly to the trustworthy message as taught' and to be able to refute false teaching—closely parallels the injunction to hold fast to the pattern of sound words.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hold fast the pattern of sound words which you heard from me, in the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
- Hold fast the pattern of wholesome words which you have heard from me, in the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
2Tim.1.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- καλην: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- παραθηκην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- φυλαξον: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,sg
- δια: PREP
- πνευματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- αγιου: ADJ,gen,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- ενοικουντος: VERB,pres,act,part,gen,sg,n
- εν: PREP
- ημιν: PRON,dat,pl,1
Parallels
- 1 Timothy 6:20 (verbal): Paul commands Timothy to 'guard what has been entrusted' (Greek uses παράδοσιν/φυλάξαι), closely echoing the language of a safeguarded deposit.
- 2 Timothy 2:2 (structural): Paul instructs Timothy to entrust what he has heard to faithful men (παραδίδου), reflecting the same concern for handing on and preserving apostolic teaching.
- Jude 1:3 (verbal): Jude speaks of 'the faith once for all delivered to the saints' (παραδεδομένη), paralleling the idea of a received deposit of truth that must be defended and kept.
- 1 Corinthians 6:19 (thematic): Paul’s assertion that the Holy Spirit dwells in believers ('the Spirit of God dwells in you') parallels 2 Tim 1:14’s reference to the Spirit who dwells in us as the guarantor/agent by whom the deposit is to be guarded.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:15 (thematic): The exhortation to 'stand firm and hold to the traditions' (κρατεῖτε τὰς παραδόσεις) echoes the call to preserve and protect the received teaching/ deposit entrusted to the community.
Alternative generated candidates
- Guard the good deposit through the Holy Spirit who dwells in us.
- Guard the good deposit entrusted to you by the Holy Spirit who dwells within us.
2Tim.1.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Οιδας: VERB,perf,act,ind,2,sg
- τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- οτι: CONJ
- απεστραφησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- παντες: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- Ασια: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- Φυγελος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- Ερμογενης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 4:16 (verbal): ‘At my first defense no one stood with me, but all deserted me’—closely parallels the report that ‘all in Asia turned away,’ both describing widespread abandonment of Paul.
- 2 Timothy 4:14 (thematic): ‘Alexander the coppersmith did me great harm’—another example in the same letter of named individuals who opposed or harmed Paul, analogous to naming Phygelus and Hermogenes.
- 2 Timothy 2:17-18 (thematic): Hymenaeus and Philetus ‘have swerved from the truth’ and ‘overthrow the faith of some’—parallels the motif of people in the Christian community turning away from Paul’s teaching.
- Acts 20:29-30 (thematic): Paul’s warning that ‘from among your own selves men will arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples’ provides situational background for why members in Asia might have turned away from Paul.
Alternative generated candidates
- You know this: all who are in Asia turned away from me—among them Phygelus and Hermogenes.
- You know this: all who are in Asia turned away from me, among them Phygelus and Hermogenes.
2Tim.1.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δωη: VERB,aor,act,opt,3,sg
- ελεος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- Ονησιφορου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- οικω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- οτι: CONJ
- πολλακις: ADV
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- ανεψυξεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- αλυσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- ουκ: PART,neg
- επαισχυνθη·: VERB,aor,mid/pass,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 4:19 (verbal): Same Onesiphorus/household appears later in the letter—explicit greeting to the 'house of Onesiphorus' connects this prayer for mercy with Paul's final salutations.
- Romans 16:5 (structural): Paul greets a 'church in their house'—parallels the household-language here and the role of private homes as loci of Christian ministry and hospitality.
- Colossians 4:15 (structural): Another reference to a church meeting in a private home (Nymphas' house); echoes the theme of households as centers of support for itinerant teachers like Paul.
- Acts 28:7–10 (thematic): Publius and others provide hospitality and care to Paul after the shipwreck; thematically parallels Onesiphorus 'refreshing' Paul by ministering to him in need.
- Philippians 1:12–14 (thematic): Paul's imprisonment becomes a means by which others are encouraged and emboldened; resonates with Onesiphorus 'not being ashamed' of Paul's chains and providing solidarity.
Alternative generated candidates
- May the Lord grant mercy to the household of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me and was not ashamed of my chains.
- May the Lord grant mercy to the household of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me and was not ashamed of my chains;
2Tim.1.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- αλλα: CONJ
- γενομενος: VERB,aor,mid,ptc,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- Ρωμη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- σπουδαιως: ADV
- εζητησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- με: PRON,acc,sg,1
- και: CONJ
- ευρεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 1:16 (structural): Immediate context: verse directly preceding 1:17 describes Onesiphorus 'often refresh[ing]' Paul and not being ashamed of his chains—same episode and witness to his fidelity.
- 2 Timothy 1:18 (verbal): Uses the language of 'finding' in a prayer for Onesiphorus to 'find mercy' on that day; echoes the verb and links Onesiphorus' action of finding Paul with a petition for divine reward.
- 2 Timothy 4:19 (thematic): Later mention/greeting of Onesiphorus' household—confirms the person and ongoing relationship between Paul and Onesiphorus within the same letter corpus.
- Philippians 2:25-30 (thematic): Epaphroditus is presented as a faithful companion who risked his life to serve Paul; thematically parallels Onesiphorus' devotion in seeking out and ministering to Paul while imprisoned.
- Acts 28:16, 30-31 (structural): Situates Paul in Rome under custody and receiving visitors/support—provides broader narrative background for Paul’s situation when Onesiphorus 'searched for' and found him there.
Alternative generated candidates
- On the contrary, when he was in Rome he searched for me diligently and found me—May the Lord grant him to find mercy from the Lord on that day—
- but when he was in Rome he searched for me earnestly and found me—may the Lord grant him to find mercy from the Lord on that day!—
2Tim.1.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δωη: VERB,aor,act,opt,3,sg
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ευρειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- ελεος: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- παρα: PREP
- κυριου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- εκεινη: PRON,dat,sg,f
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- ημερα: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- οσα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- εν: PREP
- Εφεσω: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- διηκονησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- βελτιον: ADV,comp
- συ: PRON,nom,sg,2
- γινωσκεις: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 25:31-46 (thematic): The eschatological judgment scene ('that day') where mercy/compassion toward others is decisive—parallels Paul's petition that Onesiphorus 'find mercy... on that day.'
- Hebrews 4:16 (verbal): Calls believers to approach the throne of grace to 'receive mercy' and help in time of need—verbal and theological resonance with the petition that someone may 'find mercy from the Lord.'
- Acts 20:18-38 (structural): Paul's extended account of his ministry in Ephesus provides the broader background for the clause about 'the things he did at Ephesus,' illustrating the kind of ministry being commended.
- 2 Timothy 4:16-18 (thematic): Paul speaks of divine deliverance and the Lord's rescuing presence in his trials—an internal Pauline parallel linking trust in the Lord's mercy/deliverance at decisive times.
- Philippians 2:25-30 (allusion): Paul's commendation of Epaphroditus as a faithful, risk-taking fellow worker echoes his commendation of Onesiphorus' faithful service and concern, highlighting the motif of honoring those who minister faithfully.
Alternative generated candidates
- and how much he served at Ephesus you know very well.
- and you know very well the service he rendered at Ephesus.
2Tim.2.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Συ: PRON,nom,sg,m
- ουν: CONJ
- τεκνον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- ενδυναμου: VERB,pres,mid/pass,imp,2,sg
- εν: PREP
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- χαριτι: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- Χριστω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Ephesians 6:10 (verbal): Both verses use imperative language to call believers to strength rooted in the Lord/Christ ("be strong/strengthened in the Lord/in Christ Jesus").
- Colossians 1:11 (verbal): Prayer for believers to be "strengthened with all power" echoes the appeal to be strengthened in Christ’s grace—shared vocabulary of divine strengthening.
- Philippians 4:13 (thematic): Emphasizes Christian empowerment in Christ ("I can do all things through him who strengthens me"), paralleling the theme of finding strength in Christ’s grace.
- 1 Corinthians 15:10 (thematic): Paul credits his service and ability to God’s grace ("by the grace of God I am what I am"), resonating with the exhortation to be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ.
Alternative generated candidates
- You then, my child, be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ Jesus.
- You therefore, my child, be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ Jesus.
2Tim.2.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- α: PRON,nom,sg,n
- ηκουσας: VERB,aor,act,ind,2,sg
- παρ᾽εμου: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,1
- δια: PREP
- πολλων: ADJ,gen,pl,m
- μαρτυρων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- ταυτα: PRON,acc,pl,n
- παραθου: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,sg
- πιστοις: ADJ,dat,pl,m
- ανθρωποις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- οιτινες: PRO,rel,nom,pl,m
- ικανοι: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- εσονται: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- και: CONJ
- ετερους: ADJ,acc,pl,m
- διδαξαι: VERB,aor,act,inf
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 1:13-14 (verbal): Same letter: Paul urges Timothy to hold the pattern of sound words he heard from Paul and to 'guard the deposit'—language of receiving and preserving apostolic teaching that 2 Tim 2:2 then directs Timothy to entrust to others.
- Titus 2:3-5 (thematic): Paul instructs older women to teach younger women sound doctrine and proper behavior—parallel emphasis on intergenerational transmission of teaching and the appointment of reliable teachers.
- Matthew 28:19-20 (thematic): The Great Commission commands making disciples and teaching them to observe Jesus' commands—parallels the directive to train faithful persons who will in turn teach others.
- 1 Timothy 3:2 (verbal): In qualifications for overseers Paul requires that an elder be 'able to teach,' echoing 2 Tim 2:2’s criterion that those entrusted must be capable of teaching others.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:15 (thematic): Paul exhorts believers to stand firm and hold to the traditions taught 'by word or by letter'—a related concern for preserving and passing on apostolic instruction to subsequent generations.
Alternative generated candidates
- What you heard from me before many witnesses, entrust to faithful men who will be competent to teach others also.
- What you have heard from me before many witnesses entrust to faithful men who will be able to teach others also.
2Tim.2.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- συγκακοπαθησον: VERB,aor,act,imp,2,sg
- ως: ADV
- καλος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- στρατιωτης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- Χριστου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 2:4 (structural): Immediate continuation of the soldier metaphor — contrasts a good soldier’s single-mindedness with entanglements, reinforcing the military image used in 2:3.
- Philippians 3:10 (thematic): Paul’s desire to know Christ includes 'the fellowship of his sufferings,' paralleling the call to share in suffering as part of conformity to Christ.
- Romans 8:17 (thematic): Speaks of being 'heirs with Christ' if we suffer with him, linking Christian identity and future glory to shared suffering.
- Matthew 10:38 (thematic): Jesus’ demand that a disciple 'take up his cross and follow me' expresses the same expectation of shared suffering inherent in faithful discipleship.
- Ephesians 6:11-12 (structural): Uses military imagery (armor/struggle) for the Christian life; parallels 2 Tim 2:3’s soldier metaphor though applied to spiritual warfare rather than persecution.
Alternative generated candidates
- Share in suffering as a good soldier of Christ Jesus.
- Share in suffering as a good soldier of Christ Jesus.
2Tim.2.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ουδεις: PRON,nom,sg,m
- στρατευομενος: PART,pres,mid,nom,sg,m
- εμπλεκεται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
- ταις: ART,dat,pl,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- βιου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- πραγματειαις: NOUN,dat,pl,f
- ινα: CONJ
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- στρατολογησαντι: PART,aor,act,dat,sg,m
- αρεση·: VERB,pres,act,subj,3,sg
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 2:3 (structural): Immediate context: Paul introduces the soldier metaphor ('share in suffering as a good soldier of Christ Jesus'), which 2:4 develops about a soldier not being entangled in civilian affairs.
- Luke 9:62 (thematic): Jesus' saying about the plowman who must not look back parallels the call to single‑minded commitment and not being distracted or entangled by other concerns.
- 1 Corinthians 9:7 (verbal): Paul uses the soldier example ('Who serves as a soldier at his own expense?') to illustrate obligations and focus—echoing the military image and its implications for conduct.
- 1 Timothy 1:18 (thematic): Paul charges Timothy to 'fight the good fight,' using combative/military language for steadfastness in ministry, similar to the soldier imagery in 2:4.
- Luke 14:28–33 (thematic): The teaching about counting the cost and renouncing possessions underscores total commitment to the kingdom and freedom from entangling worldly affairs, comparable to the soldier's single‑minded aim.
Alternative generated candidates
- No soldier on service entangles himself in civilian affairs, that he may please the one who enlisted him.
- No soldier on active service gets entangled in civilian affairs, for his aim is to please the one who enlisted him.
2Tim.2.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εαν: CONJ
- δε: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- αθλη: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- τις: PRON,nom,sg,?
- ου: PART,neg
- στεφανουται: VERB,pres,pass,ind,3,sg
- εαν: CONJ
- μη: PART
- νομιμως: ADV
- αθληση·: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,sg
Parallels
- 2 Timothy 2:3-4 (structural): Immediate context: Paul contrasts soldier, athlete, and farmer metaphors (vv.3–6) and prepares the athletic example in v.5; the same argument about proper conduct and single-mindedness frames the crown image.
- 1 Corinthians 9:24-27 (verbal): Paul's athletic language—running the race, self-discipline, aiming for a crown/prize—parallels v.5's idea that an athlete must compete according to the rules to be crowned.
- Hebrews 12:1 (thematic): Uses the race/runner motif and calls for endurance to lay aside hindrances—the same theological theme of persevering in the contest to obtain the goal.
- 1 Timothy 6:12 (verbal): 'Fight the good fight of faith' employs combat/athletic terminology for faithful struggle, echoing the exhortation to strive properly for the reward.
- 2 Timothy 4:7 (allusion): Paul's own summation—'I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race'—recalls the athletic imagery and the attainment of the crown/prize mentioned in 2 Tim 2:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- Also, if anyone competes as an athlete, he will not receive the crown unless he competes according to the rules.
- If anyone competes as an athlete, he does not receive the crown unless he competes according to the rules.
2Tim.2.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- κοπιωντα: VERB,pres,act,part,acc,sg,m
- γεωργον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- δει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- πρωτον: ADV
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- καρπων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- μεταλαμβανειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 9:7 (verbal): Uses the same agrarian imagery—'Who plants a vineyard and does not eat of its fruit?'—to assert that those who labor should benefit from their work, paralleling the hardworking farmer receiving first share of the crops.
- 1 Corinthians 9:9-10 (quotation): Paul cites the Torah ('You shall not muzzle the ox...') to argue that workers deserve material support; applies OT principle to ministers, echoing the principle in 2 Tim 2:6.
- 1 Timothy 5:18 (quotation): Explicitly states 'The laborer is worthy of his wages' (quoting Luke/Matthew), endorsing the same principle that those who toil should receive remuneration—closely aligned with the farmer receiving the first fruits.
- Luke 10:7 (quotation): Jesus' instruction to the seventy: 'The laborer deserves his wages.' This New Testament maxim is the immediate verbal/background source for the teaching in 2 Tim 2:6.
- Deuteronomy 25:4 (allusion): Old Testament law ('You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain') undergirds NT arguments about just provision for workers; provides the legal/ethical background for the farmer-worker imagery.
Alternative generated candidates
- The hardworking farmer ought to be the first to partake of the crops.
- It is the hardworking farmer who ought to have the first share of the crops.
2Tim.2.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- νοει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- λεγω·δωσει: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg+VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- γαρ: PART
- σοι: PRON,dat,sg,2
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- κυριος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- συνεσιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- πασιν: ADJ,dat,pl,m
Parallels
- Ephesians 1:17 (thematic): Paul’s prayer that God give the recipients a spirit of wisdom and revelation—parallel request for divine gift of understanding.
- Colossians 1:9 (thematic): Paul prays that they be filled with the knowledge of God’s will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding, echoing the plea that the Lord grant understanding in all things.
- Psalm 119:34 (thematic): “Give me understanding” is a direct OT model of petitioning God for understanding, matching the form and intent of 2 Tim 2:7.
- James 1:5 (thematic): Encourages asking God for wisdom, with the assurance that God gives generously—the same conviction that the Lord supplies understanding.
- Proverbs 2:6 (allusion): States that the LORD gives wisdom and from his mouth comes knowledge and understanding, providing the theological basis for the claim that God grants understanding.
Alternative generated candidates
- Consider what I say; the Lord will give you understanding in all things.
- Consider what I say; the Lord will give you understanding in all things.
2Tim.2.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Μνημονευε: VERB,pres,act,imp,2,sg
- Ιησουν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- Χριστον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εγηγερμενον: PART,perf,pass,acc,sg,m
- εκ: PREP
- νεκρων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- εκ: PREP
- σπερματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- Δαυιδ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- κατα: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ευαγγελιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- μου·: PRON,gen,sg,1
Parallels
- Romans 1:3-4 (verbal): Paul states Jesus was 'descended from David according to the flesh' and 'declared Son of God... by the resurrection,' closely paralleling Timothy's reminder of Christ risen and of Davidic descent.
- 1 Corinthians 15:3-4 (quotation): Paul's summary of the gospel—Christ died, was buried, and was raised on the third day—echoes 'Jesus Christ raised from the dead' and is the core of 'my gospel' referenced in 2 Tim 2:8.
- Acts 13:32-33 (thematic): Paul's sermon in Antioch proclaims that God fulfilled the promise by raising up Jesus and cites scriptural validation; connects the resurrection and messianic (Davidic) fulfillment in Paul's preaching.
- Luke 24:46-47 (thematic): Jesus' teaching that the Christ must suffer and rise on the third day and that repentance/forgiveness be proclaimed ties the resurrection to the content and necessity of the gospel message referenced by Paul.
- Matthew 1:1 (verbal): The opening designation 'Jesus Christ, son of David' matches the claim 'from the seed of David,' underlining the New Testament's presentation of Jesus' Davidic lineage.
Alternative generated candidates
- Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, the offspring of David, according to my gospel.
- Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, of the seed of David—my gospel,
2Tim.2.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εν: PREP
- ω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- κακοπαθω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- μεχρι: PREP
- δεσμων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- ως: ADV
- κακουργος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- αλλα: CONJ
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- λογος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ου: PART,neg
- δεδεται·: VERB,perf,mid/pas,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Acts 28:30-31 (thematic): Paul under house arrest yet continues to preach boldly and without hindrance—parallels 2 Tim 2:9’s contrast between Paul’s chains and the unstoppable advance of God’s word.
- Philippians 1:12-14 (thematic): Paul explains that his imprisonment has served to advance the gospel and embolden other believers—echoes the idea that his chains do not bind the word of God.
- 2 Corinthians 11:23-27 (thematic): A catalogue of Paul’s sufferings and imprisonments; parallels the motif of suffering ‘to the point of being bound’ for the sake of the ministry.
- Isaiah 55:11 (allusion): God’s word accomplishes its purposes and does not return void—the theological background for the claim that ‘the word of God is not bound.’
Alternative generated candidates
- For this I suffer hardship even to chains, as a criminal; yet the word of God is not bound.
- for which I suffer hardship even to the point of chains, as a criminal; but the word of God is not chained.
2Tim.2.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- δια: PREP
- τουτο: PRON,nom,sg,n
- παντα: ADJ,nom,pl,n
- υπομενω: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
- δια: PREP
- τους: ART,acc,pl,m
- εκλεκτους: ADJ,acc,pl,m
- ινα: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- αυτοι: PRON,nom,pl,3
- σωτηριας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- τυχωσιν: VERB,pres,act,subj,1,sg
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- Χριστω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- μετα: PREP
- δοξης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- αιωνιου: ADJ,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- 1 Corinthians 9:22-23 (verbal): Paul says he becomes 'all things to all people' to save some and that he does everything 'for the sake of the gospel'—closely parallel to enduring all things so that the elect may obtain salvation.
- 2 Timothy 1:8-12 (verbal): Same letter: Paul urges sharing his suffering for the gospel, recounts his own imprisonment and stewardship of the gospel, and emphasizes God’s purpose in Christ—contextually linked to enduring for the salvation of the elect.
- Romans 8:18 (thematic): Speaks of present sufferings contrasted with the future glory to be revealed—echoes the idea of enduring hardship now because of the eternal glory of salvation in Christ.
- Romans 8:30 (allusion): The sequence 'those whom he justified he also glorified' connects to the elect’s final attainment of salvation and eternal glory implied in 2 Tim 2:10.
- Titus 2:11-14 (thematic): Describes God’s grace bringing salvation through Christ, redeeming and purifying a people for himself to be zealous for good works—parallels the goal that the elect obtain salvation in Christ and future glory.
Alternative generated candidates
- Therefore I endure all things for the sake of the elect, that they also may obtain the salvation that is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.
- For this reason I endure all things for the sake of the elect, that they too may obtain the salvation that is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.
2Tim.2.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- πιστος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- λογος·ει: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- γαρ: PART
- συναπεθανομεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,pl
- και: CONJ
- συζησομεν·: VERB,fut,act,ind,1,pl
Parallels
- Romans 6:8-11 (verbal): Speaks of dying with Christ and therefore living with him—language and theological claim closely parallel to 2 Tim 2:11's 'if we died with him, we shall also live with him.'
- Romans 6:5 (verbal): Affirms union with Christ in death and in the resurrection to come ('if we have been united with him in a death like his, we will also be united with him in a resurrection like his'), a verbal and conceptual parallel.
- Romans 8:17 (thematic): Links sharing Christ's sufferings (including death) with sharing his future glory and life as heirs—thematic resonance with dying and living with Christ in 2 Tim 2:11.
- Galatians 2:20 (thematic): Portrays the believer's death with Christ and new life in him ('I have been crucified with Christ; it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me'), echoing the existential reality behind 2 Tim 2:11.
- 2 Timothy 2:12 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter using the same conditional pattern ('If we endure, we shall also reign with him'), continuing the 'if... then...' framework that 2 Tim 2:11 exemplifies.
Alternative generated candidates
- This saying is trustworthy: If we died with him, we will also live with him;
- The saying is trustworthy: If we have died with him, we will also live with him;
2Tim.2.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- υπομενομεν: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,pl
- και: CONJ
- συμβασιλευσομεν·ει: VERB,fut,act,ind,1,pl
- αρνησομεθα: VERB,fut,mid,ind,1,pl
- κακεινος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- αρνησεται: VERB,fut,mid,ind,3,sg
- ημας·: PRON,acc,pl,1
Parallels
- Matthew 10:33 (quotation): Direct parallel in wording and idea: whoever denies Jesus before men will be denied by him before the Father — mirrors 'if we deny him, he also will deny us.'
- Luke 12:9 (quotation): Same saying as Matthew 10:33 in Luke’s Gospel: denial of Jesus by people leads to Jesus denying them, close verbal parallel to 2 Tim 2:12.
- Revelation 3:21 (thematic): Promise of reigning with Christ for the faithful/overcomers — parallels the positive clause 'if we endure, we shall also reign with him.'
- Romans 8:17 (thematic): Those who share Christ’s sufferings also share in his glory and inheritance — links the call to endure with future participation in Christ’s reign.
- Mark 8:38 (thematic): Jesus warns that being ashamed of him before people will lead to being ashamed before the Son of Man at his coming — thematically close to the warning about denial and its eschatological consequence.
Alternative generated candidates
- if we endure, we will also reign with him; if we deny him, he will also deny us;
- if we endure, we will also reign with him; if we deny him, he also will deny us;
2Tim.2.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- απιστουμεν: ADJ,nom,pl,m
- εκεινος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- πιστος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- μενει·αρνησασθαι: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg + VERB,aor,mid,inf
- εαυτον: PRON,acc,sg,masc,reflex
- ου: PART,neg
- δυναται: VERB,pres,mid,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Romans 3:3-4 (thematic): Directly raises the same issue—does human unbelief nullify God's faithfulness? Declares God is true though humans are false, echoing 'if we are faithless, he remains faithful.'
- Hebrews 6:18 (verbal): Affirms God's oath and the impossibility of God lying; parallels the claim that God 'cannot deny himself' as the basis for divine faithfulness.
- Numbers 23:19 (verbal): Old Testament statement that God is not a man that he should lie or change his mind, serving as an antecedent for New Testament assertions about God's unchangeable faithfulness.
- Titus 1:2 (thematic): Speaks of the hope of eternal life 'which God, who does not lie, promised,' reinforcing the theme of God's trustworthiness despite human failure.
- 1 Thessalonians 5:24 (thematic): Short confession 'Faithful is he who calls you,' echoing the assurance that God's faithfulness endures even when believers fall short.
Alternative generated candidates
- if we are faithless, he remains faithful—he cannot deny himself.
- if we are faithless, he remains faithful—for he cannot deny himself.
Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, according to the promise of life in Christ Jesus,
to Timothy, my beloved child: Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.
I thank God—whom I serve with a clear conscience as my forebears did—when I remember you constantly in my prayers night and day,
recalling your tears and longing to see you, that I may be filled with joy.
I am reminded of the sincere faith that dwelt first in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice, and I am persuaded is also in you.
For this reason I remind you to rekindle the gift of God that is in you through the laying on of my hands.
For God did not give us a spirit of timidity, but of power, love, and self-control. So do not be ashamed of the testimony about our Lord, nor of me his prisoner; but share in suffering for the gospel by the power of God.
He saved us and called us with a holy calling—not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, given us in Christ Jesus before the ages began—
and now manifested through the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus, who abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel.
For this gospel I was appointed a herald, an apostle, and a teacher of the nations.
Because of this I endure suffering; yet I am not ashamed, for I know whom I have believed, and I am convinced that he is able to guard what has been entrusted to me until that day.
Hold fast the pattern of sound words that you heard from me, in faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
Guard the good deposit through the Holy Spirit who dwells in us.
You know that all who are in Asia turned away from me—Phygelus and Hermogenes among them.
May the Lord show mercy to the household of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me and was not ashamed of my chains.
When he was in Rome he searched for me very diligently and found me—
may the Lord grant him to find mercy from the Lord on that day; you well know all the service he rendered at Ephesus.
You then, my child, be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ Jesus.
What you heard from me before many witnesses entrust to faithful men who will be able to teach others also.
Share in suffering as a good soldier of Christ Jesus.
No soldier on service gets entangled in civilian affairs, since his aim is to please the one who enlisted him.
Also, if anyone competes as an athlete, he is not crowned unless he competes according to the rules.
The hardworking farmer ought to be the first to receive a share of the crops.
Consider what I say; the Lord will give you understanding in all things.
Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, of the seed of David, according to my gospel,
for which I endure hardship even to chains; but the word of God is not bound.
Therefore I endure all things for the sake of the elect, that they too may obtain the salvation that is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.
This is a trustworthy saying: If we died with him, we will also live with him;
if we endure, we will also reign with him; if we deny him, he also will deny us;
if we are faithless, he remains faithful— for he cannot deny himself.