Jesus Calms the Storm
Luke 8:22-25
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Luke.8.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- εν: PREP
- μια: NUM,nom,sg,f
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- ημερων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- ενεβη: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- πλοιον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- μαθηται: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- προς: PREP
- αυτους·Διελθωμεν: PRO,acc,pl,m,3 + VERB,aor,act,subj,1,pl
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- περαν: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- λιμνης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- ανηχθησαν: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Mark 4:35-41 (verbal): Direct Synoptic parallel: same crossing of the lake, sudden storm, Jesus asleep, rebuke of wind and sea; close verbal and structural agreement with Luke's account.
- Matthew 8:23-27 (verbal): Synoptic parallel to Luke's storm narrative: Jesus and disciples in a boat, a severe storm, disciples' fear, and Jesus calming the sea—shared sequence and language.
- John 6:16-21 (thematic): Related sea-crossing motif: disciples at sea at night and Jesus coming to them (walking on water); thematically connected in demonstrating Jesus' authority over the sea and care for the disciples.
- Luke 5:3 (verbal): Within Luke: earlier instance where Jesus gets into a boat to teach the crowd (same boat/shore motif and verb of entering a boat), establishing the narrative pattern of Jesus using boats as teaching/transport settings.
Alternative generated candidates
- On a certain day he entered a boat with his disciples and said to them, "Let us go across to the other side of the lake." So they set out.
- One of those days he got into a boat with his disciples and said to them, 'Let us cross over to the other side of the lake.'
Luke.8.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- πλεοντων: PART,pres,act,gen,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- αυτων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- αφυπνωσεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- κατεβη: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- λαιλαψ: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- ανεμου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- λιμνην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- συνεπληρουντο: VERB,impf,mid/pass,ind,3,pl
- και: CONJ
- εκινδυνευον: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Mark 4:37-38 (verbal): Near-duplicate Synoptic account: a sudden windstorm strikes the lake while Jesus sleeps in the stern; disciples fear and wake him (very similar wording and sequence).
- Matthew 8:23-27 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: the boat is caught in a violent storm, the disciples are terrified and wake Jesus, who rebukes the wind and sea—same miracle narrative and core details.
- John 6:18-21 (thematic): Different Gospel scene where the disciples’ boat is buffeted by a storm at night and Jesus approaches them on the sea, calming fear—the theme of disciples endangered on the water and divine intervention is shared.
- Jonah 1:4 (allusion): Old Testament precedent: the Lord sends a great wind that threatens the ship carrying Jonah; motif of divine control over storms and seafaring peril echoes Luke’s account.
- Acts 27:14-20 (thematic): Pauline sea-voyage narrative: a severe storm imperils the ship and crew, producing fear and crisis at sea—parallels Luke’s portrayal of maritime danger and human vulnerability on the water.
Alternative generated candidates
- As they sailed he fell asleep. A sudden squall came down on the lake, and the boat was filling with water, so that they were in danger.
- As they sailed he fell asleep; and a storm of wind came down on the lake, and the boat was being filled with water, and they were in danger.
Luke.8.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- προσελθοντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- διηγειραν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- λεγοντες·Επιστατα: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,m
- επιστατα: NOUN,voc,sg,m
- απολλυμεθα·ο: VERB,pres,mid/pass,ind,1,pl
- δε: CONJ
- διεγερθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,sg,m
- επετιμησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- ανεμω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- κλυδωνι: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- υδατος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- επαυσαντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- και: CONJ
- εγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- γαληνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
Parallels
- Mark 4:39 (verbal): Nearly identical pericope: Jesus rebukes the wind and the sea and the storm ceases; close verbal and narrative parallel in the Synoptic tradition.
- Matthew 8:26 (verbal): Parallel account of the same event; Matthew preserves Jesus’ rebuke of the wind and sea and the ensuing great calm, highlighting the disciples’ fear and Jesus’ authority.
- Psalm 107:29 (thematic): Speaks of God calming a storm and making the waves still—an Old Testament motif of divine control over chaotic waters that Luke applies to Jesus’ authority.
- Job 38:8-11 (allusion): God’s speech about restraining and setting bounds for the sea portrays divine sovereignty over the waters, thematically echoing Jesus’ power to command wind and sea in Luke’s narrative.
Alternative generated candidates
- They went and woke him, saying, "Master, Master, we are perishing!" He rose and rebuked the wind and the sea; the wind ceased, and there was a calm.
- They went and woke him, saying, 'Master, Master, we are perishing!' He rose and rebuked the wind and the raging of the water; they ceased, and there was a calm.
Luke.8.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- αυτοις·Που: PRON,dat,pl,3
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- πιστις: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
- φοβηθεντες: PART,aor,pass,nom,pl,m
- δε: CONJ
- εθαυμασαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- λεγοντες: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,masc
- προς: PREP
- αλληλους·Τις: PRON,acc,pl,m
- αρα: PART
- ουτος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- οτι: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- ανεμοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- επιτασσει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- υδατι: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- υπακουουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 4:40-41 (verbal): Near-identical synoptic parallel: Jesus rebukes the wind and the sea, asks about the disciples' faith, and they marvel, asking 'Who then is this?'. The wording and reaction are almost the same.
- Matthew 8:26-27 (verbal): Another close parallel: Jesus calms the storm with a rebuke, the disciples marvel and ask who Jesus is — the Matthean account preserves the same miracle and astonishment.
- Psalm 107:29 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD 'stilling the storm to a whisper' — OT motif of divine sovereignty over chaotic waters that the Gospel attributes functionally to Jesus.
- Job 26:12-13 (thematic): Declares that God 'by his power he stilled the sea' and controls the forces of nature, a background motif that frames the disciples' wonder at Jesus' authority over wind and water.
- Exodus 14:21-22 (structural): God's control of the sea (the parting/driving back of the waters by wind) provides an OT precedent for divine mastery of the waters, thematically related to Jesus' authority in calming the storm.
Alternative generated candidates
- He said to them, "Where is your faith?" They were filled with fear and amazement and said to one another, "Who then is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him?"
- He said to them, 'Where is your faith?' Filled with fear, they marveled among themselves, saying, 'Who then is this, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him?'
One day Jesus got into a boat with his disciples and said to them, "Let us go across to the other side of the lake." So they set out.
As they sailed he fell asleep. A squall came down on the lake, and the boat was filling with water; they were in danger.
They went and woke him, crying, "Master, Master, we are perishing!" He awoke, rebuked the wind and the water, and the storm subsided; there was a calm.
He said to them, "Where is your faith?" Filled with fear and wonder, they asked one another, "Who then is this, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him?"